DE1916918B1 - Process for the production of level surfaces and device for carrying out the process - Google Patents

Description

Leveled surfaces are required for floors or under roof structures, for example. In general, these surfaces are produced in such a way that a mortar in doughy Condition is applied to a load-bearing surface and hardened there. It's been a lot so far difficult and time-consuming, on an uneven load-bearing surface, e.g. concrete floor, ceilings Od. Like. To apply coverings in such a way that they have a precisely leveled surface. The ones used for this Aids such as spirit level, hose level and height-adjustable supports for prefabricated Floor slabs only result in point-like or very limited reference marks in terms of area, the accuracy of which is poor because this largely depends on skill and conscientiousness depends on the executor.

In addition, it is known to level gauges on a load-bearing surface that carry pull-off gauges, into which a hardening compound is filled and to which this hardening compound is balanced. The mass hardens on the spot and forms supports for floors made of slabs (patent specification 51 412 of the Office for Invention and Patents in East Berlin). The disadvantage of this method is there in that the individual gauges are leveled to the required level by means of screws have to. This procedure is complicated, very labor-intensive and the quality of the leveling is also in highly dependent on the diligence of the executors.

The invention is based on this prior art and accordingly relates to a method of production leveled surfaces on a load-bearing surface for floors, sub-floors, sports areas, Support of roof structures, foundations or the like using hardening compounds.

The object of the invention is to provide a procedure that is significantly simplified compared to the known procedure Specify the method for producing leveled surfaces, in which the work result should also be largely independent of human inadequacy.

To solve the problem, it is sufficient according to the invention that on the load-bearing Surface at least one channel is arranged, in which a flowable mass in the processing state is filled, which is due to gravity with the formation of one or more in one Distributed level surfaces in the channel and then solidified in this state, after which the duct walls, if necessary, are removed.

For carrying out the method according to the invention were available to the expert on the filing date gypsum or anhydrite-containing masses, which are so flowable that they level themselves over longer distances and still have sufficient strength after hardening (see, for example, Belgian patent specification 716 426). In addition, synthetic resins are also known which have these properties.

By the procedure according to the invention, the problem posed is achieved and the following in individual stated advantages achieved. Instead of just punctiform alignment marks or conditions Elongated gauges or supports are created. Their surfaces level themselves automatically with the greatest possible accuracy. Their production does not require any expensive tools, such as Pulling gauges and measuring tools. Laying the channels and then pouring in the mass is much simpler and can be done much faster than creating the Alignment marks in the known processes necessary work. Measurement errors, unintentional shifts of leveling gauges from the leveled position and others on human inadequacy based impairments of the leveling accuracy are eliminated, since the The process of leveling is largely free from the influence of the executors. So can also far less qualified workers create precisely leveled surfaces than has been the case up to now Case was.

The channel for carrying out the method according to the invention is composed of several sections which are connected to one another in a communicating manner. Through the communicating connection to the ground opposing upper surfaces ä distributed in all of the sections to form in a level. As a result, a wide and arbitrarily branched network of alignment marks, gauges or supports can be produced.

Another useful design of the channel is that the sections of the channel are arranged parallel to one another in at least one direction. Such an arrangement is to be provided in particular if prefabricated parts, for example screed slabs, are to be placed on the gauges or supports formed by the solidified mass. While according to the known procedure under consideration, such plates are only placed at their four corners on individually cast supports in a complex manner, according to this design the plates advantageously rest with at least two of their parallel edges on the supports produced according to the invention. The method according to the invention thus creates a particularly economical prerequisite for assembling precisely horizontal surfaces from prefabricated panels. Such sub-floors made of prefabricated g screed plates have the particular advantage that it is easy in the cavities among the plates and accessible can accommodate so many installations, like the others at elevated flooring type is also known.
In the case of the channel used to carry out the method according to the invention, the channel base and the channel walls can consist of a brittle or an easily deformable material such as PVC film. If the channel floor is not flexible or deformable under the weight of the mass poured into the channel, then the floor does not adapt to the unevenness of the supporting surface. In this case, the solidified mass can only be loaded according to its flexural strength. A duct design with a brittle bottom will therefore only be chosen if the solidified mass is only used as a guide and not at the same time as a support web. This is the case, for example, when a viscous screed compound is poured into the spaces adjoining the duct on the load-bearing surface, which is then smoothed with the aid of a tool drawn along the alignment marks.

However, if the alignment marks obtained by the method according to the invention are used as support webs,

for example for prefabricated screed panels, then one will strive to solidify the Support the mass over the entire length of the canal as completely as possible on the supporting surface. Therefor It then proves to be particularly advantageous to make the channel base from an easily deformable one To produce material. This can cause the channel floor to be under the weight of the filled Follow the unevenness of the supporting surface and cling to it. The solidified mass is thus resilient according to their compressive strength.

The channel according to the invention has at least in the sections in which the surface of the filled and solidified mass should be accessible as a guide mark or support web, one upwards open, U-shaped cross-section. Such sections, on the other hand, are only the communicating connection serve between further sections of the channel and in which the surface of the solidified Insofar as dimensions are not used as a reference mark or support surface, they can be closed at the top be.

Further features of the invention are the subject of claim 2 directly or indirectly referenced claims 5, 6, 8 and 9.

It is already known - for example from US Pat. No. 1,772,942 - a screed floor covering to be subdivided in a grid with shaped pieces. The gaps between the adjacent parts of the surface of the screed covering are filled with a plastic casting compound, see above that the surface parts can move with a change in temperature. This pre-release speaks accordingly does not address the problem on which the invention is based. From an automatic distribution of the There is no mention of casting compound with the formation of a surface lying in one level.

The process of making the leveled surfaces and the channels for carrying out the Process according to the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows

“F i g. 1 is a perspective view of one on top of a Solid ceiling to be arranged sub-floor with the interposition of a rectangular grid system Channel sections, the drawing from right to left three different phases of the invention Procedure clarified

F i g. 2 shows a section along the line ΙΙ-Π in F i g. 1,

F i g. 3 shows a plan view of a section of an embodiment of the channel;

F i g. 4 to 7 perspective representations of individual or assembled channel sections.

F i g. 1 shows three successive phases of the Manufacture of a sub-floor from prefabricated panels 1, which with the interposition of an impact sound and heat-insulating layer is to be arranged on a solid ceiling 2.

The right section of FIG. 1 shows that a channel 4 is initially on the unevenly shown exaggerated Area 3 of the solid ceiling 2 is placed. It should be noted that here by the term channel all possible channel formations from the short, straight, self-contained channel section over Winding or angled canal guides up to intersecting canal systems are meant. In this example, channel sections 5 are joined together to form a rectangular grid system, with the grid dimension corresponds to the dimensions of one of the panels 1 to be joined together to form the sub-floor. Of the Channel 4 which is not yet filled with the flowable mass can be so light that it - as in this one Example shown - running straight in itself only rests on the bulges of the surface 3 and is whose bumps have not yet adjusted. The representation of the sewer system in FIG. 1 must insofar be viewed as schematic, as the side walls of the channels no special training for a vertical deformability of the canal and the drawing nothing about it states the way in which the individual channel sections 5 are joined together to form the grid system are. These questions will be discussed later. In the middle section of FIG. 1 is the Kanalsysiem shown after a flowable mass 6 has been poured into the channel 4. The mass 6 is as thin as possible at the time of filling, so that in all channel sections 5 of the Grid system results in a continuously leveled surface 7 of the mass 6. To the even To enable the mass 6 to be distributed in the channel 4, the filling can be carried out from several points In addition, it is possible to use vibration devices and the like to accelerate their distribution. So much mass is poured in that the floor of the entire sewer system is covered everywhere and on the other hand the mass 6 does not exceed the upper edge of the channel sides. As a rule Solid ceilings are poured evenly and evenly so far that the side walls 8, 9 of a channel section 5 do not have to be made significantly higher than its width, which is determined by the given The load on the floor to be laid must not fall below a minimum.

The material of the side walls of the in F i g. 1 channel system shown is deformable in such a way that the over the leveled surface? the after some time solidified mass 6 protruding parts of the side walls 8, 9 to be folded over onto the surface 7. In the left section of FIG. 1 are such wall parts 9 folded over onto the surface 7 of the mass 6 can be seen in the first field of the grid system, whose plate 1 has been omitted from the illustration. This left section of the drawing shows that after folding over the protruding wall parts 9, the plates 1 so on by the Channel sections 5 formed grid webs can be placed that each edge of a plate 1 such Covered web resting on it about up to its middle. It is of course conceivable that in particular in the case of elongated plates, a grid is chosen so that a plate is not only at its Edge areas, but also, for example, by a web extending transversely below its center supports.

The exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 shows that one can use the method according to the invention in extremely simple and quick way to apply a covering to a load-bearing surface that Due to the grid-like available surface of the Mass 7 has a correspondingly horizontal surface, the accuracy of which depends on human influences is largely independent.

The air in the grid openings acts as a sound and heat insulating layer

5 6

10 between the surface 3, the solid ceiling 2 and with its ends 16 bent at right angles

the underside of the plates 1 is included. The outsides of the side walls 8 and prevents

Impact sound and heat insulation is all the better with, that this is the flowable, inflowing

be the less this air can flow and evade each mass 6 widening. Advantageous higher the impact sound and thermal insulation value of the 5 wise are the brackets 15, one of which depending on

by the channel sections 5 and the enclosed rigidity of the side walls 8, 9 more or less

Mass 6 is formed grid webs, so that large number of sound for filling the mass 6 is provided

bridges are avoided. must be separated from the channel side walls 8, 9

In Fig. FIG. 2 is a cross-section through such a type and thus after the mass 6 of FIG gene raster web and the edges resting on this io the channel section 5 for reuse

two plates 1, shown broken off, designed to be removable again.

given. In this first embodiment of a Die F i g. 4 to 7 show different channel shapes of channel section 5, the channel bottom 11 consists of or compositions, with the channel walls 8, 9 having a high impact sound and thermal insulation value, and no measures are taken for vertical plastic, for example foamed 15 deformability of the channel sections 5, and elasticized polystyrene. The side walls 8, 9 These figures therefore only apply schematically to the channel section 5 are in the simplest possible way from those channel designs whose channel walls are made for a corrugated cardboard (Fig. 3) that yields a vertical deformation when the channel is bent vertically of the channel section does not offer any particular resistance such as incisions or ribs. There are 20 or the like. According to the drawing, those sides of the corrugated channel formations that face the inside of the channel are smooth and can be made of brittle cardboard with a bitumen layer 12 or the like, and made of material that is inherently rigid. t want The zumin- the cardboard against the penetration of their strength strength of FIGS. 4 to 7 smooth channel formation ness-reducing substances of the mass 6, but also to protect a further preferred Ausfühdest to their solidification. The point about the 25 tion of the channel, the walls of which with a narrow horizontal surface 7 of the solidified mass 6 but wall thickness made of a deformable material, protruding parts 9 of the channel walls 8 are formed, for example, a PVC film; When surface 7 is folded over and between the bottom a U-shaped channel cross-section, the corners between the channel walls 8, 9 layer can be clamped in between the channel walls 8, 9 layer on the side of the plates 1 and the surface 7 as a sealing reinforcement. This has the advantage that none of the channel bottom 11 is stiffened by a corresponding air flow from the grid recesses 10 or the like. Such a profile can escape into the open air or only between the grid, particularly easily by extrusion or the like. Recesses 10, so that a good one can be produced in almost any length. Are the thermal insulation secured. In the case of a Plattenaus- channel walls 8, 9 for further cheaper formation with beveled edges, as shown in this example, the channels can be laid under one of the tensile stresses acting in each case between two longitudinal directions. In the case of adjacent panels, the remaining gap with a filling of the compound 6 lay the channels tightly to be filled with joint compound 14, which in turn also bears against the uneven load-bearing surface. To avoid a possibly still possible air flow away from sound bridges, counteracts when using such channels. 40 with Be-F i g assembled from prefabricated panels. 3 shows a top view of the channel layers, the channel can with a corresponding step section 5 according to FIG. 2, but underlaid in the non-encapsulated sound and heat insulating material and in an unloaded state. It can be clearly seen here. Such a material layer can, however, consist of a material which is formed in the longitudinal direction also between the horizontal surface 7 and which is wavy in the channel walls 8, 9. Let it be noted that the mass 6 is rigid and the undersides of the plates 1 that a plastic material is also inserted here.

Turn can come that with respect to the Ge F i g. 4 shows the simplest form of a channel 4, Usage position of the channel section in a vertical Rieh- as it is, for example, between two side walls device has running ribs, between which a room to be provided with a subfloor easily deformable material skins stretch. 50 can extend as a guide mark. The one on the wall The overlap 13 of two ends of a longitudinally adjacent front-side opening can be made with the aid of Direction of composite duct wall S, 9 shows, od of putty. Like. Sealed. Preferably that it may be necessary, but for the same purpose an artificial opening between the duct wall 8,9 can also be used. End such a and the bottom 11 of the channel section 5 with a 55 channel is not on a wall, so you can do the forehead sealing Ground, for example, the bitumen layer surface by gluing or welding with a 12 to seal. The in F i g. 3 arrow is intended to seal similar plastic, the preferred direction of flow of the mass 6 in the case of a With the illustration in FIG. 5 should be shown clarify the filling. In the case of one in the direction of the arrow that the surface 7 of the solidified mass 6 occurring flow is the risk that a 60 protruding rigid wall part 9 of the channel 4 Part of the mass 6 between the two ends of the or channel section 5 broken away in such a way that overlap 13 and find an exit here that it is flush with the surface 7 of the mass 6 det, much less than in the counterflow, depending on the material used, it can direction. however, it can also be easier to remove the channel walls 8, 9 since FIG. 3 is further shown a bracket 15 as borrowed in 65 to bend outwards until it is below the break off perspective representation also in the right part of the surface 7 of the mass 6. At the geschilder-F i g. 1 can be seen. This the open side of the th thin-walled deformable version of the Channel section 5 spanning bracket 15 engages around channel 4, the side surfaces can be easily bent.

F i g. 6 shows a channel section 5 to which a further channel section 17 closed on the end face adjoins. The canal sections belonging to two different canal systems therefore do not have to be need to be in communicative connection with each other. Rather, it can be beneficial at widely ramified surfaces to divide the channels fluidically into smaller areas, if the mass 6 cannot or should not be made flowable at will.

F i g. 7 shows two intersecting or four mutually adjoining channel sections 5 which are connected to one another are in communicative connection. In such a case, the end faces must be open be secured against an exit of the mass 6 from the channel 4. One can get involved in making a such intersection or junction point basically proceed in such a way that one adjoins each other Channel sections glued or welded together and any necessary breaks the channel walls 8, 9 makes. At such a crossing point, however, the individual sections can also only be be brought into the desired assignment to each other, after which in the intersecting or branching The plastic film webs already described are inserted into the grooves next to their smooth wall formation the flow resistance for the mass 6 by bridging the joints reduce adjacent duct sections. At a crossing point, these plastic film webs can be glued together if necessary. Finally, F i g. 7 still point out, that it is also possible to design such junction or crossing points as separate molded parts, which are then followed by individual channel sections 5. The connection can also go through Gluing, welding or preferably done by inserting a plastic film.

Claims (10)

Patent claims: 1. Process for producing level surfaces on a load-bearing surface for floors, Subfloors, sports areas, supports of roof structures, foundations or the like under Use of hardening masses, characterized in that on the load-bearing Surface (3) at least one channel (4) is arranged in which one in the processing state flowable mass (6) is filled, which is due to gravity with the formation of a or a plurality of surfaces (7) lying in one level are distributed in the channel and then solidified in this state, after which the channel walls (8,9) removed as necessary will. 2. Channel for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (4) is composed of several sections (5) that communicate with one another are connected. 3. Channel according to claim 2, characterized in that the sections (5) at least in are arranged parallel to one another in one direction. 4. Channel for performing the method according to claim 1 or channel according to one of the claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the channel bottom (11) and the channel walls (8, 9) made of a brittle or an easily deformable material such as PVC film. exist. 5. Channel according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the channel bottom (11) consists of impact sound and heat insulating plastic. 6. Channel according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the channel walls (8, 9) are ribbed or corrugated vertically. 7. Channel according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that its upward open cross-section is U-shaped. 8. Channel according to claim 7, characterized in that the channel walls (8, 9) through the Surface to be produced overlapping and downwardly open bracket (15) are supported. 9. Channel according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that that for sealing and / or reducing the flow resistance for the flowable Ground a plastic film is inserted. 10. Channel according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that individual sections (5) are closed at the top. 1 sheet of drawings 009 544/362