DE1910307A1 - Prefabricated construction elements, especially for apartment buildings - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS ~ DR.-ING. H. FINCKE β Munich β,

DIPL-INQ. H. BOHR Μοιι «Λαβ.31 February 28, 1969

DIPL..ING. S. STAEGER

Far η calls '26 60 60 folder 7903

Description to the patent application of

SOCIETE DES ENTREPRISES BOÜSS1RON, Paris and des' MR GEORGES "MAtJRIOS, Paris, FRANCE

concerned

"Prefabricated building elements, especially for apartment buildings".

Priority: February 29, 1968 - France

The invention relates to heavy-duty construction elements made of gates for residential buildings and is distinguished by means of hollow supports and box floors or ceilings arranged in accordance with polygonal, preferably square, fields, which together form a three-dimensional network of channels or conduits for the implementation of at least some common media lines form.

The assembly of these prefabricated elements, in particular for multi-family residential buildings, does this offer to the user?

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Components allow the user to distribute the various parts that make up his home as he wishes. The modulation, which in principle is advantageous for this system, enables the user to choose the bathroom, kitchen and other rooms where there is a Water point is important ³ ^ ^u and where an AofluBleitiiag must be provided for the wastewater to control with regard to the distribution. Moreover, it is always possible for this user to further modify this division as a function, in particular of financial possibilities and family development, with this Mqdi .fications can either be carried out within the confines of a single apartment or from an apartment to the freed-up haeübarwahnuBg. This is also possible where there is an additional development.

Eb are thus constructions; which are equilateral in are able to convince the architects through the diversity and the Flexibility of the constructions that can be produced, the designers through the possibility of increased industrialization and to satisfy users with the possibility of personalization and development of their home} the sociologists are finally satisfied by constant adaptation to the environment, which gives this personification to the users and development imbalance.

For example, embodiments OCE 'invention will'now-'an * "hand of the accompanying drawings are described in more detail ₅ -JLn

Pigur 1 a perspective bar rack for: -fii® Fssrti « the construction of a building with den construction elements is according to the invention;

Figure 2 is an overall view of a ^^ plan view ei & er Building group according to the invention!

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As an example, FIG. 3 shows the plan of a detailed one Installation on one level of the building shown in Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a cross-section through a box floor or box end corner for the construction of this structure, the section being taken along the line "IV-IV in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of metal and shows the assembly "of the animal box floor with associated lower and upper leg, along the line T-V in Figure 6; .

Fig. 6 is a section taken along line VI-YI in Fig. 5;

Figure 7 is a section along the line VII-VII in Figure 5; : -

Figure 8 is a part of the passage through the ade of the building according to the invention along the line YIII-TIII in Figure 1 and Figure 3;

Figure 9 shows a larger view of a detailed view » where various elements of Figure 8 are resumed; Figure IO is a section along the line X-X in Figure 8?

Figure 11 is a vertical section of rope through the building according to the invention and s © igt for mechanical ventilation met fat anordim ^

FIG. 12 is an overall view similar to FIG. 11 Bringing in different lines?

FIG. 13 shows a detail in a larger representation Section along the line XIII-XIIX in FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is another detailed illustration along the line XIV-XI? in Fig. 1t after the introduction of the lines? the "

Figures 15j 16 _S 17 and 18 eventually are views analogous to figures 4, 6, 8 and 13 respectively and relate to a modified embodiment of the KastenfuSbodens according to the invention.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, a structure according to the invention is constructed around a central framework 10, the so-called wind bracing framework or the wind bracing framework, to which all the forces due to the wind are transmitted horizontally through the floor of this level at the level of the building will. For buildings without a lift, the central framework can preferably be divided into two lateral frameworks ₉ which carry the stairs *

They support 11 and the tusks 12 of this skeleton or mate ice (or this framework) are made entirely or partially of reinforced concrete, which is poured on the spot will.

As can best be seen in Figure 3, the middle supports " 11 of the framework 10 if necessary at 1.4 over © in © of its long sides open to bring in 'certain additional fees' for free media. This arrangement can be used if necessary be extended to other supports of the building.

The rest of the building - with the exception of the, of course Foundations - is provided with the help of prefabricated elements. These prefabricated elements initially include a Supports 1.5 · ,. so-called running end. Supports or St & nderV

Tuck Stütaea 15 are the polygoaelea fields (the · fseh "drive assembly or the like.) Distributed along, and preferably eütepr $ -> accordingly idea genetic square boxes as dargeotellt _β!

Figure 2 shows, for example, the diversity of the production of building groups that can be produced on the basis of such a square or rectangular field »

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The running supports 15 have an axial channel 16, deaaen Cross-section is either circular as shown in Figures 1, 3, 5, 6 and 7 or square as in the modified one Embodiment of Figure 10 is shown or which, more generally, is polygonal. In the case where the cross section is square or rectangular, its angles are preferably offset by 45 ° with respect to the outer edges of the support.

As Figure 5 best shows and for reasons which emerge clearly below is each ongoing Support 15 on its lower base at the angles with pins 17 provided that in the prefabrication of the Stütse at their Are brought in place and has tubular bearings in the upper part 16, two of which correspond to these pins; at their "mouth", the bearings 18 widen in the shape of a cup at 18A.

Those of these supports that are arranged on the facade should point to three of their longitudinal surfaces - how to best seen in Figure 10 - a recess in the middle 19 for the installation of wall partition elements or others assigned construction elements.

On the other hand, there are columns that are not in the facade are located, the four long sides are smooth. Of the studios 11 and. 15 prefabricated wooden floors 20 are arranged.

According to the method shown in FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 13 Embodiment is a box floor 20 - the βinaein in Figure 4 is shown - by a pressure plate 21 and four side bars 22 are formed. JThese side bars or carrier 22 are slightly compared to the scope of the Pressure plate 21 arranged set back, with the exception of ^ e-

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but one of the angular zones of this pressure plate, where> they 'au two each form a protruding support 23.

As can be better seen from Figure 5, is a. s © lefe © r abstut zün the gate 23 from a horseshoe-shaped bearing 24 bores that are cup-shaped at 24A in the upper! Cell

Like the figures 5 »6 and? demonstrate; rest ä £ ® box floors 20 25U four each on a support 11 or 15 laM. rest »in each case this on one of your supporting -Yorspröag®.23, - by the Axial channel 16 of this support ^ if it is η a 'running Support 15 acts loosened or remains free "

The box floors 20 each save two *! Cable ducts "®" -27. , the cross-shaped around the channels 16 depart sen from the associated Stilt and form with these © in letz dreiiiisesssionaler Iaaäle ₀

The arrangement of the four IastenfuSbßd © n 20 on a support 15 takes place by inserting and gluing pins 28 ₉ which partially engage in tubular bearings 18, which this support has and partially engage in the tubular bearings 24 which are in supporting projections 23 of this box base are recessed.

The arrangement of a support 15 for vios? Kaetenfuebudvn 20 follows through. Snap in and sieve the pins Vf ₉ which carries this support on the underside, namely in sSIirenföxsügsn bearings 24 of these £ ast @ nfu31> o * den. i) The pins 17 and 28 can form a single rod.

Other assembly measures such as

with or without Yorspannung, bonding etc ₀ germinate-antsprech®ii'd'den to be transferred Beanspruchtmges also SBgswändet

0 9837 / -ΓΙ39

In the facade, the lower part of the cavity is between swei arbitrary supports 15 by a prefabricated element 30 filled in, according to the invention without change as a relief or retaining wall for the case where it is a closed Part acts or as a bailustrade in the event of a Loggia can serve.

As can best be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9, this has Element 30 has a base 31 and a superstructure 32.

The base 31 has a bearing set back at 33 on the inside and a protruding overhang 34 on the outside. The storage 33 is used in the upper part to insert a heating element 35 and behind a floor cladding 36 in the lower part together with the adjacent floor 20 forms a conduit 3? » which is intended for the Iterokfuhrauig of the channels 38, which serve or feed the heating element 35, Prischluft2ufführung * a 39 open at the base of this heating element, where all feeds through, one or more flaps 40 can be regulated. Mice forms the protrusion 34, a storage 41 »$ ai, if necessary, to install a" shutter "42 (valve) is used" of the ^bottom: Level operated corresponding hem. This projection 34 also forms the weather leg and ensures that the facade is protected against rainwater trickling down, the excess of which can also be collected in a gutter 31A; The latter is emptied via the backward jump or the bump 19 in front of the facade supports, specifically with the interposition of channels 1SA, which are provided for this purpose (FIG. 10).

The superstructure 32 of the prefabricated element 30 has openings 44 that are capable of safety devices (Bars, grids, etc.) when it comes to loggias hJiadelt or the eich duroh Vollpletten or glass plates "

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Allow it to clog if the components are closed. '. - · _ ■■ .-. .-. ■; '. ■ ■ "■ ..""Y;.:' [_ ■■■. - .;

As can best be seen in FIGS. 1 and 8, a prefabricated element 30 and. Above this element, if it is a relief or support, an arrangement of window center posts 46 and cross members 47 is assigned, which together form openings that _{accommodate any glass panes or un ~ ft} transparent logs of standardized dimensions. These '™ window center posts can preferably be provided in accordance with a large number of different locations, - in accordance with the general modulation of the construction, these locations also corresponding to the various possible locations for the inner partition walls.

According to a modified embodiment of the invention the panes formed by the central posts and cross-beams have to be replaced by one or more full panels, possibly provided with glass. *

As mentioned above, the ducts 27 form between the * Box floors with the axial channels 16 of the supports 11 Three-dimensional sewer network: According to the invention, these are subjected to a negative pressure in order to provide mechanical ventilation of the building. .

According to the embodiment shown in Figures 11 and 15 of the invention are the ducts 27 in the upper part by a locking plate ο the ein.Verschlußeiement 50 verr concluded which successive skeleton 51, that for example made of metal, a preferably white stiff one Cladding support 52 »which is non-rotting and non-combustible eats and has a floor covering 53 * ■

10 9837 / T

On the inner surface, the skeleton 51 can be shown in phantom as shown in FIG Figure 13 shown, with a facing or a counter Sehall insulating cladding or a veneer 54 may be provided.

In the lower part are the .Leitungskanäle 27 through a closure plate or a closure element 55, which can be designed to be removable, is closed. The locking plate can be provided, for example, along its longitudinal edges with elastic elements which releasably engage in grooves 5j6 which can be provided at the base of the bars 22 of the associated box floors (not shown in detail).

The closure plate 55 is at the location of the rooms to be ventilated, for example bathrooms, sanitary facilities, kitchens or the like equipped with at least one ventilation grille 60 - Figure 11} In this figure and for the sake of clarity in the drawing, the various channels have not been shown, to reveal the only mechanical ventilation. .

In Figure 13, however, this can also be seen, the inner ones Partitions 61 of the building are detachable partitions; you can for example provided with cylinders 62 at their base be that their frictional concern between cover and Allow floor; these cylinders being supported by column bases 63 are covered. According to the invention is an analogous arrangement for Separating walls intended for residential separations, whereby d.ieae Walls, for example, from a double partition wall with a insulating cavity are formed between them. This solvableGit facilitates a new division compared to the original borrowed plan and thus levies or an exchange between neighboring owners of apartments.

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As can also be seen in Figure 13: "- are ''all" .de? '- floor coverings used - be it parquet, tensioned © ppi eis®, "" a stone slab or other classic od§? koimeade "coverings - arranged on a preferably non-lazy @ si @ i & carrier 65-"'" , which optionally on the underside © in sound" insulating material "66, which is present continuously or divided into isolated areas. The 0anse" is pre- »assembled, for example by Yerkl <§b © B. ia Fojaa of plates or disks, the dimensions of which are defined as a function of the fields formed by Si © supports 11 and 15 corresponding. Alm © 3siMig © ß. © iner Modulbaeißplatti represent, ms. d © r®a against »ns®Itig @ Aus»., exchangeability and Aueweöhslungen and InS @ 2fimg @ ii ä®r coverings during the development ä®r Μμθ aa enoöglicfeen.

In the case of Loggi & s, these are θ coverings with ®ijae dioht® cover replaced that a recording © cup füs? spritsende © rainwater forms; & ®r®n Entl © @ rujag then takes place via channels 39, which, in the case of closed rooms, serve as air supply.

The three-dimensional Hetz the vertical KanÄl © 16 and duct * 27 is also exploited T "rscbiftdene necessary media channels vm use, both wi © concerns the water supply of a level, as evidenced by Aasapfuag de? horizontal diversions are carried out at the riser columns, di @ beiepi®ii · 'wise follows in the supports 11 of the. Wind bracing framework 10 ei = », these diversions are arranged in the ducts 27, both what the gradient of the sewage tri © the fall of the Tap water concerns. These tubes are "combined" into a single tube in the columns 70, which are created in the channels 16 of the supports 15 and at each node with the associated ventilation ducts 27 cross-shaped connecting element 71, which allows it to

909837/1135

speaking to any of the Ineltunge channels 27 a Utalei " connection duct 76 for the case where the attachment such a duct has become necessary for the various rooms of the level under consideration due to suitable installation.

So are those necessary for secondary ventilation Channels 78 at each junction corresponding to the three-dimensional scrap a cross-shaped element 79 on »daa the connection a diversion 80 in any of the, trunk channels, the converge at this junction.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention the installation of the vertical channels 70 and 78 in a checkerboard fashion from one support to one and the same level to the other, what a specialization of these supports corresponds to »where one each of these sites has only a single ΐνρ of these channels.

According to a modified embodiment, the use of QabelrehrezL with a built-in siphon in a well-known catfish makes it possible to dispense with the additional ventilation system.

Whatever concerns rain drainers, these are preventive arranged in the facade of the building. ■.

The property TerasB * of the building (not shown in detail) consists of the same box floor elements. together, their intermediate sewer lines as a collector for the mechanical Ventilations are used »which are easily accessible overall from the outside of the wind band frame (s) 10, namely due to the fouling of chimneys or other protrusions.

The level of this daeh terrace can be from a (half-timbered) field of the building to the other, certain of these so gate-

909837/1139

Flat terraces can be accessed directly from a living nireau. This leads in the facade of the building to three-dimensional steps as well as through varied associations In the horizontal plane of different fields of the building it becomes possible to accommodate horizontal steps corresponding to the two orthogonal dimensions of this horizontal plane (Figure 2).

ψ Figures 15 to 1Θ show a modified AuafÜhrungsform de "Kaetenfußbodens according to the invention. Haoh this embodiment, the beams 22 of such a branch flooring are delimited at their base on the outside by a pressure plate 22A, while they are flat in the upper part, with the exception of the angular zones where, as previously mentioned, sioh the projecting supports. 23 are located.

As can best be seen from Figure 18 ^ form this * pressure « panels 22A together from one box floor to the next the lower locking element for the ducts 27.

. Vertical openings 6OA of suitable shape and dimensions “die * are regularly distributed along the)) ruck plates 22A the installation of tent ilationss pots in 6OB in the place of the to ventilating rooms. These plugs are preferably with Special facilities which, on the one hand, ensure the transmission of sound from one floor to the next through the ducts and, on the other hand, the spread of fire in the. Case of one Prevent conflagration.

Fireproof plates 55A, which are fixed to the pressure plates 22A duroh «In any suitable llittel are attached, close the unused openings 6OA.

909837/1139

A connection made of reinforced concrete 56A ₁ . which is yergpsr een on a lost formwork made of metal or plastic material, ensures the connection of the floor and at the same time forms part of the sound insulation between the floors at the location of the ducts, if the technical and local conditions so require. The lost formwork is supported or braced between the pressure plates 22A, which for this purpose have support shoulders or projections 22B.

The various channels 76 and 80 rest on the connection 56A via vibration cradles or 8 vibration damping parts 8OA.

In parallel with this, according to this form of formation, the gate-made element 30, which forms the roughness of the embankment or the railing, is on the inside and at the level of the pressure plate 22A dt adjacent box floor free of any step (iigur 17)

The wind bracing frame (s) can be widened according to the most varied of variants that are not specified here his and even through an arrangement of Ir & gerstütsen with interposed beams are killed, the inside of the canal lines are formed "where the ·" where appropriate be used as a support, the arrangement thus formed forming a plurality of bridge-like frameworks which are connected to one another; and / or it can amount to Large trees on the ground floor can be left free, for example for boutiques or garages, by correspondingly the

Set up protective beams for the upper box footbases so that bridge these two or three fields without intermediate support.

909837/1139

Additionally, it is within the scope of what is given by the invention Development opportunities possible to contact for such & tbauten to turn to certain general houses or warehouses that provide the users with various necessary interior fittings such as partition walls, facade elements, flooring panels, Have sanitary groups etc., which preferably consist of shaped elnetüokigen arrangements ι preferred, is here for each execution several different models accordingly different materials and prices, but with suitable dimensions * ·,.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the few illustrated and described embodiments, nor is the invention limited to use on buildings for residential purposes, it also applies to all other types of buildings such as offices, laboratories or the like. "'" ■■ -, ..-. . ■ ...._.,. , - ^ ₇

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Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS 1 «/ prefabricated construction elements in heavy design, in particular for residential buildings, characterized by hollow supports (11; 15) and corresponding polygonal Yorzugweiöe square, Box floors or ceilings arranged in fields (20), which together form a three-dimensional network of ducts or conduits for routing common * media lines. 2.) Prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that only the supports of one or more fields, the one or more frameworks, so-called wind association framework form, are at least partially made of reinforced concrete cast in place, the others Supports, the so-called running supports, consist of prefabricated elements 3.) Prefabricated components according to claim 2, characterized daduroh, that the running supports on their four longitudinal planes are closed and that their axial channel has a circular or polygonal cross-section. .. 4.) Prefabricated components according to claim 3 »characterized in that the cross section is rectangular or square and that
are set. and that its angle is 45 ° with respect to the outer edges 5.) «Prefabricated components according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that at least one of the supports of the wind bracing framework according to a generating sun introducing little or no specific feed or discharge columns for the 909837/1139 Media open bind. , ^ 6.) Prefabricated components according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that at least one of the scuffling supports is open according to a generator. 7.) Prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized. characterized that each box floor created by a · » φ ne formed by a pressure plate bounded by bars, where the Bars with two support projections each in the angular zones ν the. Print or. ! Form the foundation plate. 8.) Prefabricated components according to claim 7, characterized marked that the bars in their lower part and on their outer surface of a horizontal foundation or a horizontal base plate are limited * 9.) Prefabricated components according to claim 7, characterized characterized in that the bars spring back against ^ the Perimeter of the pressure or foundation plate are arranged. 10.) Prefabricated components according to one of the claims or 7, characterized in that each running Stutee is provided with permanently glued fastening bolts on its upper transverse surface and has bearings on its lower transverse surface for the introduction of analogous Bafestigungsatifte and that herewith; '. together, each box-floor sn each of its corners and in the middle AbstütEungsTorsprimgea dee this corner a tubular passage for Einset ζ s and bonding of these pins to V / EIBT. 11.) Prefabricated components according to Anßpr.j whether 1 ,; through this countersigned, -. 'that on the' facade .'identical .. 'elements are 9 0 9837/1139 big through Passadentreniivända or parapet walls for loggias are supported » 12.) ^ Prefabricated Btiuelemente according to claim -1, characterized characterized in that the three-dimensional sewer network at negative pressure is connected and for the mechanical ventilation of the Building. 13 ») Prefabricated components according to claim 11, characterized characterized in that each parapet has a recessed mounting on the inside for sitting down a ^ eiselementes. H.) Vorgefertigte'Bauelemente aacb claim 13 «characterized in that the storage downward zxlt formation of a channel or a sewer line is extended beyond a floor covering between the parapet and the corresponding floor beam, the channel line being used to connect the heating elements. 15 ·) Prefabricated · Components according to claim 13, thereby marked that opposite this camp the parapet or Hauer on both sides of at least one air supply duct is pierced » 16.) Prefabricated components naoh claim 1, characterized characterized that on the outer surface of each parapet one Has overhang, in egg protection; a roller shutter or a Valve flap for the lower floor was intended to be karin. 17.) Prefabricated components naoh claim 1-, characterized marked that at each node of the * three dimensional s The sewer lines running here cross-shaped connection element to the 'Ans.obluA if necessary 909837/1139 ·· 1β · * ■■ "." ■■ '■ existing diversions according to a? any direction show this tfetzes. 18.) Prefabricated components according to claim 1, characterized in that that the rainwater drainage pipes are preferably in the Pas bath connector are arranged. _ 19 *) Ready-made components by .Anspruch 1, characterized Ψ that the Verteilertrennwäatle inside the housing and the partition walls of the flats to each other are designed to be removable. . 20.) Prefabricated construction elements according to claim 1, characterized »that the floor covering u & £. ~ O Depending on whether it is a floorboard, stone flooring, fitted carpet or the like. Forms a composite material on the one hand with a carrier and on the other hand with a soundproofing material that _s is disposed on the underside of this Trägare wherein the composite material is prefabricated AUB plates. . £ 21.) Prefabricated building elements naon claim 20, characterized marked that the dimensions these? Plates equal to multiples of the corresponding dimensions of a module base plate are. 22.) Prefabricated components according to Insprucn I, thereby marked that the canals or canal lines £ visolion an upper pelvic floor xmd have a lower closing element, wotoai at least one ■ this "Slemente is solvable. 23.) Prefabricated components according to claim 22, characterized characterized in that the lower closing element through the lower gates j ^ ruc! cplat1; en der Ballcen or Träges: opposite äen 909837 / ti33 original, speaking box ceilings is formed. 24.) Prefabricated components according to claim. ~ 2, characterized in that for the zn ventilated -Spaces ·, ·?; For example, vaults, kitchens or the like. The lower bar, 3 eggs ent 'at least one of the channels, has at least one grille or a valve pot. 25) A prefabricated components according Jlnspruchii _f "thereby ·" ä in that eVn on each parapet Überbstf geöi3.det from Fenstermlttelpfoßten or "channels and erasers en eiitsprechend eats disposed Mehrfachanordnuiigen absorb the aascheiben any transparent or opaque panels or GLl. 26.) Prefabricated components according to Inspruch 1, thereby characterized that in the channels or channels or channels on a concrete maize, if necessary under an intermediate shell tion sound, preferably achwingungdäiapfenöen Se st eilen or Rest pillow. 27.) Prefabricated structural elements according to claim 26, characterized in that the concrete mass is cast on a lost formwork, which «swisohen dem entöprechendan Kastenfußböd € fz _; are trained or stripped. DS.-MG. H. FWOa, D1PL.-ING. H. RAW » BATH ORIGINAL 900837 / 113t W Blank page