DE202014002800U1 - Building construction with adjustable or removable partitions - Google Patents

Abstract

Building construction, the supporting walls (3), at least one ceiling or a floor (30) essentially made of wood, and essentially wooden partitions (40), wherein the floor or the ceiling (30) has a lower floor plate (31), which is a Ceiling forms, and an upper floor plate (32), which forms a floor, and box-forming webs (33), wherein the boxes are at least partially filled with acoustic insulation material (35), characterized in that the floor / ceiling ( 30) has metal reinforcements (37), in particular longitudinal angle profiles, on the lower part of the boxes and / or metal reinforcements, in particular longitudinal flat profiles or longitudinal angle profiles, on the upper part of the boxes; that the floor or the ceiling (30) is connected to the supporting walls by means of an angle bracket (5) attached to the inner surface of the circumferential supporting walls (3); and that one or more movable and / or removable partition walls (40) are attached, which extend between the floor and ceiling of a space defined by the supporting walls (3), the partition walls having at least one upper, inverted U-profile ( 42) and at least one diaphragm module (41) lying directly or indirectly on the floor, the diaphragm module (41) leaving enough space for insertion between the upper edge of the diaphragm module and the web of the inverted U-profile (42), and that Partition module (41) is held in position by the U-arms, an elastic material and possibly technical lines, such as electrical cables, being introduced into the clearance.

Description

The present invention relates to a building with supporting walls, preferably made of wood, wooden structure ceilings and / or floors, and removable or adjustable partitions, preferably also made of wood.

The requirements for environmental protection and sustainable development are becoming increasingly stringent and wood is increasingly becoming a preferred building material because it is a naturally produced and therefore renewable material, has a long life and can be easily recycled.

Wood also shows excellent mechanical strength and is well suited for the construction of residential or other buildings, such as office or industrial buildings.

In addition, the requirements for thermal and acoustic insulation are becoming increasingly stringent, and wood is suitable for the construction of residential buildings or office complexes that meet the new requirements, since wood has a good thermal insulation coefficient, and it allows to easily produce hollow structures with Insulating materials (thermal and acoustic) can be filled.

It should be noted that wood is relatively easy to process and enables advanced industrial prefabrication with high precision.

Wood is understood to mean, of course, the wood itself, but also wood products such as laminate boards, OSB boards, MDF boards, glulam and other wood derivatives.

State of the art

Wooden structures having the above-mentioned features are already known. However, they are usually buildings in which both the outer walls and the inner walls have a supporting and / or reinforcing function, or the inner walls are difficult or complicated to remove or move.

The European patent application EP-2412886A discloses a multi-level substantially wooden building structure with box-shaped wooden floors, the lower floor surface of which forms the ceiling of a lower floor and the upper floor surface of which forms the floor of an upper floor. This wooden floor has a bottom plate of relatively large thickness of about 95 mm and a plurality of transverse webs forming boxes. These are from 20 to 100% filled with granular material with a density of 1100 to 1700 kg / m ³ and optionally with acoustic insulation material. Such a floor rests on its outer ribs on a retaining wall. The document discloses non-adjustable or removable partitions in such a wooden construction. In addition, this publication does not allow the conclusion that the floors described are of sufficient magnitude at all to permit the adjustment or removal of internal partitions, thus allowing a complete rearrangement of the house or the office. It is mentioned ranges of up to 8 m. It is believed, though nowhere mentioned, that the standards for floor thickness and allowed bend have been complied with.

Object of the invention

It will be understood from the foregoing that the present invention aims to provide a simple timber construction that meets the heat and sound insulation requirements as well as the usual requirements for timber structures. The floors / ceilings should have sufficient reach, much higher than 8 m, preferably more than 9 m, preferably about 10 m or more, with a maximum thickness of 354 mm and a bend of L / 500 at operating loads of the order of magnitude of 280 kg / m ² so as to easily enable the removal or movement of partitions, without additional intervention by qualified persons, whereby a complete rearrangement of the spaces can be made without compromising the strength and / or stability of the entire construction.

Another object of the invention is to provide a timber construction which can be prefabricated industriel and thus shows further advantages.

The invention finds application in the field of housing construction, in particular of an evolutionary housing construction, the interior of which can easily be adapted and rearranged to the changing number of persons or the changing mobility of the persons (eg elderly or disabled persons). Thanks to the prefabrication, the buildings according to the invention can be assembled very quickly with little manufacturing work in place.

Another application can be found in the field of office buildings. In this case, the demand for increased flexibility in the arrangement of the rooms is growing.

Similarly, schools show a need for flexibility in the arrangement of available spaces, as the number of students in the classes from year to year or from semester to semester changes.

Brief description of the invention

The invention consists of a building construction having supporting walls, at least one ceiling or floor substantially of wood, and substantially wooden partitions, the floor or ceiling comprising a lower floor panel forming a ceiling and an upper floor panel forming a floor Floor forms, as well as box-forming webs, wherein the boxes are at least partially filled with acoustic insulation material, characterized in that the floor / ceiling metal reinforcements, in particular longitudinal angle profiles, at the bottom of the boxes and / or metal reinforcements, in particular longitudinal flat profiles or Longitudinal angle profiles, has at the upper part of the boxes; that the floor or the ceiling is connected to the support walls by means of an attached to the inner surface of the peripheral support walls angle bracket; and that one or more partitions are provided extending between the floor and ceiling of a space defined by the support walls, the partitions having at least one upper inverted U-profile fixed to the ceiling, at least one septum module directly or indirectly resting on the floor have, wherein the septum module between septum module top edge and web of the inverted U-profile enough space to insert, and the septum module is held by the U-arms in position, wherein an elastic material and optionally technical lines, such as electric Cable, are introduced into the game room.

The construction according to the invention also provides vertical training rooms for the passage of conduits between the various floors, which can be formed by inner supporting walls. As a staircase, a self-supporting metal structure can be installed, which supports the staircase.

The storage of the floors / ceilings by means of an angle profile on the circumferential support walls, as described above, allows for easy on-site assembly of prefabricated system elements. Through this design, the angle profile also contributes to the mechanical reinforcement and stiffening of the building. Furthermore, the angle profile forms a mechanical reinforcement of wooden supporting walls, in particular in the area of the window and door arches. It is well known in the art that in particular large window arches in wood frame construction are difficult to produce or at least make high demands, and accordingly require special stiffening measures. These are not required in the inventive construction. Furthermore, the circumferential angle profile stiffens the various prefabricated support wall elements such that the handling during assembly is much easier, the prefabrication can be widely developed and thus the interventions on site can be reduced to a minimum.

In particular, during conversion or cultivation, the retaining walls may be made of traditional masonry or cast concrete. However, when it comes to complying with the more stringent requirements for thermal and sound insulation, wooden retaining walls are preferred.

The septum modules can rest on the ground via various support elements, as described in the prior art. However, it is also possible to attach a flat bottom profile on the ground, vertically below the upper U-profile, the bottom profile having on its surface a groove or tongue cooperating with the partition wall module lower edge.

The septum modules may advantageously be standard dimensions, such as 60 cm, 50 cm, 40 cm, 30 cm, 20 cm and 10 cm. They advantageously have a frame consisting essentially of wood, which is filled with an acoustically insulating material, and is clad on both sides with a plate, for example a gypsum fiber board.

In order to further improve the sound insulation and / or the aesthetics of the partitions, it is advantageous, after mounting the modules to provide them with an additional clothing that can be anchored to the module, and can extend to the ceiling and also the U Profile and thus block the module further in the U-profile.

At the transition point between two adjacent modules, an overlap seal may advantageously be provided which reduces the transmission of noise from one side of said septum to the other. If possible, the additional clothing can also be arranged so that they cover the transition point between adjacent modules.

Dimensional wall modules with small dimensions, such as 10 cm, can serve as technical modules in which technical cables, such as power cables, can be accommodated, which can supply power to the sockets and / or switches or other consumers, such as telephone, alarm system, and television Internet connections lead.

A removable or adjustable septum is easy to assemble and disassemble by unqualified manpower. The dismantling of such a wall can be done in a few minutes. The following description of advantageous embodiments of the invention clearly shows the advantages in terms of the flexibility of the interior design.

According to the invention, the reach of the floor / ceiling is about 10 m or more with a maximum thickness of 354 mm and a bend of the order of L / 500, where L is the range, at an operating load of about 280 kg / m ² , wherein a load of about 80 kg / m ^{2 is provided} for the partitions. According to the invention, metal reinforcements, such as. As longitudinal flat or longitudinal angle profiles, attached to the lower and / or upper part of the boxes of the floor / ceiling. This design allows a great deal of freedom in the arrangement and redesign of the modular partitions thanks to their large reach. This is all the more true when glulam timber is used, which can be reinforced with metal profiles as described.

It is to be noted that ranges of this magnitude are surprising, the thickness of the floor must not exceed a maximum prescribed by standards size and the floor boxes are at least partially filled with granular material, such as sand, to the sound insulation between floors and the thermal inertia of the To improve the building. In addition, the desired flexibility in the spatial arrangement requires that high bending demands are made, which must be kept as low as possible.

As mentioned above, the floor boxes can be further filled with thermal insulation material, such as glass wool or rockwool or cellulose flakes or other substances; they can also accommodate other pipes and pipes.

To prevent the granular material z. B. escapes during drilling, granular material can be selected with increased grain size, such as. As gravel, or wood chips can be added to the sand.

Finally, a release film between the granular material and the thermal insulation material can be provided.

The lower floor surface, which forms the ceiling of a lower floor, can be covered with fiberboard, plasterboard, plasterboard or decorative panels.

In order to ensure the power supply to the lighting, these cover plates are kept slightly shorter than the width of the boxes, so as to form a groove for the storage of conduits, in which power lines can be performed. These conduits are designed in such a way that they allow the luminous dots to be adapted to the respective room conditions.

The upper floor surface can be provided with a floating screed, which in turn can be covered with tiles or another floor covering. It is also possible to consider fiber cement boards or parquet floors or other coverings known to the person skilled in the art.

The ceilings can also serve as a roof, especially as a flat roof.

For installation on site, known per se connecting means can be used, which promote the rapid assembly of the prefabricated modules and an advantageous airtightness of the building. Another feature is the use of setting thresholds with incorporated groove for receiving a tubular metal profile, which in turn cooperates during assembly for precise guidance of the wall modules to be hung with the lower edge of the wall modules to be laid.

Brief description of the illustrations

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures:

1 shows a perspective view of a building according to the invention;

2 is an exploded view of a wooden support wall;

3 is a perspective view of the connection between floor / ceiling and retaining wall;

4 is an exploded view of a removable septum;

5 is an exploded view of a dressed supporting wall;

6 is an exploded view of a retaining wall with window;

7 is a perspective view of a staircase;

8th and 9 show an example of a room adaptation.

Detailed description of the invention

The in 1 represented inventive building construction 1 has retaining walls 3 on, ie wooden frame walls. But these can also be made of masonry or cast from reinforced concrete. The building construction still has at least one ceiling or floor 30 as well as partitions 40 on, both predominantly made of wood as described in more detail below. In addition to these elements, the building may have a void and a stairwell. The ceiling or the floor 30 has a reach of more than 8 m (see prior art), in particular up to 8.5 m, 9 m or 10 m or more, with a maximum thickness of 354 mm and a bend of L / 500, at an operating load of about 280 kg / m ² . The ceiling or the floor 30 is connected to the surrounding supporting walls via an angle profile, that on the inside 4 the surrounding supporting walls 3 is appropriate. The floor or the ceiling 30 consists of lower floor panels 31 which form the ceiling of a lower floor, and upper floor panels 32 , which form the floor of an upper floor, and a box-shaped wood structure 33 , For sound insulation, the boxes are partially with a sound insulation material, eg. B. a granular material such as gravel or preferably sand 35 , filled.

As mentioned above, and with reference to the 2 and 3 , is the floor or ceiling with the retaining wall 3 by means of an angle profile 5 on the inside 4 the supporting wall 3 connected. This design is simple and allows rapid installation of prefabricated components on site. The floor or the ceiling consists of modules 30 ' . 30 '' that have standard dimensions and to a continuous floor / ceiling 30 can be assembled. It should be noted that the surface of the ceiling can have conduits at the joints between modules that can be used to power the lighting fixtures. These conduits are preferably integrated in the surface so as to prevent them being an obstacle to the modularity of the partitions 40 represent.

The angle profile 5 at the same time serves to reinforce the supporting walls 3 , in particular via window openings. The installation of the walls below and with the base is easy and quick to produce, since these are highly industrialized prefabricated elements. It can be aimed at the setting threshold, which facilitates the handling of the supporting walls with their incorporated groove and the inserted tube profile in detail.

The pictures show supporting walls made of wood; as I said, but these can also consist of conventional masonry. On the outward-facing side, the support wall may include one or more layers of thermal and / or acoustic insulation material 10 . 11 and cladding panels or other cladding 12 include.

One or more removable and / or removable partitions 40 are between floor and ceiling one through the retaining walls 3 arranged in a defined space. After the particular in 4 illustrated embodiment, the septum preferably has an upper profile 42 consisting of an inverted U, fixed to the ceiling, and a lower profile 43 which is bolted or glued vertically below the upper profile to the ground. A septum module 41 can then be inserted into the inverted U and subsequently to the lower profile 43 be placed, this having on its upper side a groove in which a tube profile is inserted, which determines the position of the septum in interaction with the lower edge of the module. The skilled person will of course provide clearance between the partition wall module top edge and U-web, which can be exploited for the establishment of power cables, and is preferably filled with an elastic material. The elastic material is compressed at the module insertion into the U-profile and then retains an expanded shape when the septum 41 has taken her final position.

The septum modules advantageously have a wooden frame 44 on top of that with a sound deadening material 45 may be filled, and optionally on both sides with plates 46 . 46 ' , such as As gypsum fiber boards, can be covered. This modular arrangement allows a great deal of flexibility in the arrangement of the room, especially when modules of 60, 50, 40, 30, 20 and 10 cm standard width dimensions are provided. Septum modules 51 of 10 cm serve as a technical module for the passage of cables to a power outlet 53 , a switch 55 , etc.

After attachment and assembly of the septum modules 41 . 51 , you can have more clothing panels 59 . 60 , such as As wood panels, gypsum boards, anchored to it, which allow an improved appearance and, if appropriate, increase the sound insulation. The anchoring is advantageously done with opposite horizontal profiles 61 . 62 , z. B. with trapezoidal cross-section, which form interlocking hooks, one of these profiles is attached to the module and the other to the cover plate. The cover plate can at least partially cover the arms of the inverted U and thus solidify the entire wall. A dressing plate 60 with openings 53 ' and or 55 ' for switch and / or outlet is for the clothing of the module 51 suitable.

To ensure good sound insulation, it is advantageous to use an overlap seal 57 at the point of transition from two adjacent septum modules.

Such a septum can be conveniently and easily assembled and disassembled by unskilled labor. As a result, the interiors can be redesigned in record time. Thus, a two-room apartment can be easily converted into a one-room apartment adapted for a mobility-impaired person.

How out 5 can also be an excuse 70 on the supporting wall 3 be attached, with a space for cables in the upper area 72 is released. In this arrangement, then an additional heat and / or sound insulation 74 the supporting walls 3 , in particular the outer walls, are attached. The pretext can be constructed as a septum, with the inverted U-profile 42 at one on the supporting wall 3 fixed support profile 76 is attached, in distance to the ceiling, and the clothing panel 59 on the supporting wall inside over the U-profile 42 in addition, extends substantially to the ceiling. It is thus released space for attaching cables 72 , as ventilation ducts, electrical and water pipes, adapted. This space remains easily accessible. It is simply enough for the respective dressing plate (s) 59 hang out.

In industrial prefabrication of retaining walls 3 , and with reference to 6 It is beneficial to have a frame 81 , preferably a wooden frame, around door and / or window openings 6 provided. This design allows for rapid clearance in industrial prefabrication and a convenient dismantling in the case of a window frame replacement, since a demolition of the wood structure can be avoided.

An important component of the inventive construction is in the ceiling or the floor 30 , The floor / ceiling forming box structure consists of webs, in their upper and / or lower area by longitudinal profiles 37 , such as As longitudinal metal angle or longitudinal metal flat profiles are reinforced, thus increasing the mechanical strength and / or rigidity.

As mentioned, the boxes are partly made with a granular material 35 , such as gravel or preferably sand, filled. In order to prevent the escape of sand, especially during drilling, wood chips can be added to the sand. The rest room of the boxes 38 can be advantageously filled with a heat-insulating material. A release film 39 can be between the granular material 35 and the insulation 38 to be appropriate. In addition, technical lines, in particular ventilation lines, can be introduced into the boxes.

In order to facilitate the installation of the floor and / or ceiling elements during construction on site, during industrial prefabrication at least two, preferably four steel or plastic support loops 34 be applied, which pass through the floor / ceiling cover plates, and facilitate the handling of the modules. These loops can be afterwards in the ground or in the ceiling 30 embedded and covered by a suitable lid.

As is known to those skilled in the art, the bottom sub-panel can be clad with decorative panels. However, it is advantageous to release at regular intervals, such as at the junctions between juxtaposed box structures, a groove in which an empty tube can be embedded, which is used for cable management. Thanks to this arrangement, a high flexibility in the arrangement of the luminous body is given. Furthermore, intermediate or suspended ceilings can be avoided. The surface of the top plate can be further covered with a hydraulic cement screed or dry screed. Floor coverings such as vinyl, laminate lacquer, wood or tiles can be applied to the screed or directly on the top plate, if necessary with incorporation of vapor barriers, etc ..

The ceilings described above can also be used as a roof, in particular a flat roof. In this case, they obviously have to be provided on the outside surface with suitable coatings, such as sealing foils, vapor barriers, additional heat and sound insulation, etc.

As far as the staircase is concerned (see 7 ), this preferably consists of a self-supporting metal structure 82 , advantageously made of a steel structure, the stairs 84 as well as the adjacent ceiling parts 30 supports.

The 8th and 9 show an example of a possible adaptation of a building construction according to the invention. The bold lines represent retaining walls and the fine lines the displaceable and removable partitions. An in 8th shown two-room housing unit, can be converted in a short time comfortably into a one-room housing unit, for example for people with reduced mobility. This conversion can be carried out by simply removing and relocating septum modules and by adjusting the electrical connection cables.

The detailed description is here by way of example only and is in no way to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2412886 A [0008]

Claims (12)

Building construction, the retaining walls ( 3 ), at least a ceiling or a floor ( 30 ) essentially of wood, and essentially wooden partitions ( 40 ), the floor or the ceiling ( 30 ) a lower base plate ( 31 ), which forms a ceiling, and an upper floor panel ( 32 ), which forms a floor, as well as box-forming webs ( 33 ), wherein the boxes at least partially with acoustic insulation material ( 35 ), characterized in that the floor / ceiling ( 30 ) Metal reinforcements ( 37 ), in particular longitudinal angle profiles, at the lower part of the boxes and / or metal reinforcements, in particular longitudinal flat profiles or longitudinal angle profiles, at the upper part of the boxes; that the floor or ceiling ( 30 ) with the support walls by means of a on the inner surface of the circumferential supporting walls ( 3 ) mounted angle bracket ( 5 ) connected is; and that one or more displaceable and / or removable partitions ( 40 ), which extend between the floor and ceiling of the walls ( 3 ) defined space, wherein the partitions at least one upper fixed to the ceiling inverted U-profile ( 42 ) and at least one indirectly or directly on the ground resting septum module ( 41 ), wherein the septum module ( 41 ) between septum module top edge and web of the inverted U-profile ( 42 ) leaves enough space to insert, and the septum module ( 41 ) is held by the U-arms in position, wherein an elastic material and optionally technical lines, such as electrical cables, are introduced into the clearance. Building according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining walls ( 3 ) are made of traditional masonry or poured concrete Building according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining walls ( 3 ) are made of wood. Building construction according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the septum modules ( 41 ) over a flat soil profile ( 43 ) at the bottom, vertically below the upper U-profile ( 42 ), the bottom profile having on its surface a cooperating with the septum module lower edge groove or spring. Building construction according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the septum modules ( 41 ) a frame made essentially of wood ( 44 ), which is filled with a sound-absorbing material, and from both sides with a plate ( 45 ). Building construction according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the septum modules ( 41 ) with an additional to the module ( 41 ) anchored clothing which extend to the ceiling and also the U-profile ( 42 ) cover. Building construction according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at the transition point between two adjacent modules ( 41 ) an overlap seal ( 57 ) is provided. Building construction according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a partition module with small dimensions ( 51 ) is arranged as a technical module, in which technical lines, such as power cables, are housed. Building construction according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the floor boxes at least partially with granular material ( 35 ), preferably sand, are filled. Building construction according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the granular sand material ( 35 ) Wood chips are added. Building according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that floor boxes partially with thermal insulation material ( 38 ) are filled. Building construction according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the supporting walls are connected via setting thresholds to the ground, wherein the setting thresholds have an incorporated groove for receiving a tubular metal profile, which in turn during assembly for accurate guidance of the aufzuliegenden wall modules with the lower edge the wall modules to be supported cooperates.

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