DE1902569A1 - Resistance welding and soldering or arc- - welding of laminated sheet materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The resistance-welding or electrical resistance soldering and arc-welding processes are used for sheet materials and for metallic bodies. Pointed extensions are shaped out of the sheet to be welded in the director of the decorative sheet, that is fully coated both sides. The process uses a pre-heating flow that is initially passed ove the weld-sheet to heat it sufficiently such that the inner layer of the decorative sheet melts (or distorts) and the extensions hold fast to the decorative layer. The sheet is fully welded by passing a welding current into the decorative layer across the points of contact. The welding apparatus is fully described.

Description

n Process for resistance welding and soldering or

Arc welding of coated sheets and machines for this "-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. .-.-.-.-.-.-.- 300 additional registration to: B 89 ool VIII d / 21 h from September 21, 1966 class 49 H B 93 788 VIII d / 21 h, now P. 16 15 155.6 from 3.8.1967 B 95 903 VIII d / 21 h, now P 16 15 163.6 from 18.12.1967 P 17 65 0 @@@ ~ 0 of March 29, 1968 P 17 65 366.6 of May 8, 1968 P 17 65 489.6 of May 28, 1968 P 17 65 903 * 9 from 3 * 8 * 1968 P 17 65 970.0 from 190801968 P 17 65 991.5 from 21 ~ 8 ~ 1968 P 17 90 058 ~ 2 of September 3, 1968 P 17 90 142.7 of September 17, 1968 P 17 90 152.9 of September 19, 1968 P 18 o2 039.8 of October 9, 1968 P 18 05 361.7 of October 26, 1968 P 18 o6 021.4 of October 3, 1968 P 18 07 382.o of November 7, 1968 as well as the additional patent applications from 4g12g1968 and December 12, 1968 (currently without file number) In the previous patent applications is Described and shown how sheet metal coated on one and both sides is defined Welds coinciding by circular or strip-shaped milling for the purpose a weld are decoated by profile milling or embossing of the support plates and or by means of insert pieces using preferably capacitor discharge currents can be welded together in such a way that at least one outside does not have any Experiencing heat and pressure damage0 The present application relates to the main application B 89 ool VIII d / 21 h, in which it has been shown how zoBo through Milling circular and strip-shaped decoating e.g. on the outside of the to be welded Sheet made and by stamping these stripped areas z0B0 projections are formed towards the other sheet.

In patent applications B 91 404 VIII d / 21 h from 2702.1967, B 92 210 VIII d / 21 h from 24.401967, B 92 710 VIII d / 21 h from 260501967, B 93 710 VIII d / 21 h from July 29, 1967, as well as in the 16th ZPA P 17 65 366.6 from May 8, 1968 is described, like sheet metal coated on both sides, of which only one is to be welded, for example The outside of the sheet metal is decoated by preheating of any intensity of this stripped welding point, the intermediate holes (with which the two Touching metal sheets) softened or melted (or destroyed), so that then under the pressure of the electrode, the pickled carrier plates touch each other and here welded together. The electricity initially only flows through the Area of the upper sheet to be welded and only after the metallic contact with the lower sheet through this lower sheet.

In the 16th additional patent application it is also described that e.g. the current conditions in one and the other sheet metal by regulating resistors or can be optimally regulated with one another as required. This is in itself known automatic switching and control means are provided by which e.g. after a specified preheating time, the current flow through the upper plate is switched off and the current via the electrode e.g. only through the lower sheet metal continues with the optimal welding data required for welding.

With thin sheets, damage can occur on the decor side, if the contact of the upper sheet with the lower sheet (decorative sheet) is flat and consequently requires increased welding energy in accordance with the area.

This endangerment of the decor side is eliminated in the outer Coating point e.g. by graining, embossing or the like. One in the direction of the Decorative sheet also formed fine tip is pronounced. A small one is then sufficient Welding energy to this tip, extension, profile or the like. Together with the point that it touches on the carrier sheet, to melt and thus to fusion sit to bring the carrier sheet of the decorative sheet of course, at the same time with the cutout on the top of the sheet to be welded on, also the bottom be milled out, namely z0B0 profiled e.g. by milling a small extension, Pen or the like, as described in the previous additional patent applications While the door is heating up, the softened inner coating of the decorative sheet is removed from pierce the tip or the pen or the like and establish contact, In order to prevent damage caused by the preheating of the sheet to be welded on Heat passes from the sheet to be welded into the decorative sheet, can be moved vertically against a compression spring around the electrode, insulated from it, a cooling device, z0B0 a cooling pipe or ring through which subcooled water flows and the heat generated by preheating quickly returns to a low level Temperature lowers.

It can also finish the preheating of the stripped exterior The welding point of the sheet metal to be welded on is sprayed with sub-coolant water will. For this purpose, the welding electrode can be coaxial and isolated from the welding electrode a cooling pipe must be laid with corresponding injection holes directed towards the welding surface or nozzles or the like.

The sequence of processes, e.g. switching off or changing the preheating current and / or the switching on of the welding current take place by means of per se known automatic switching and control means 0 The data of the preheating current and the welding current sini to be set accordingly or to be switched automatically0 There can be one or more power sources, as well as one or more common sources separately provided circuits, as well as identical or different types of current (z0B0 alternating current and direct current) are used0 As far as the welds are carried out in concealed places, there is no damage to the decor side at.

It can also be used for welding between the coated inner surfaces of the two sheets of insert pieces, insert wires or the 10, the z * Be on adhesive tapes are arranged, coincident with the decoated points between or vb be glued. When the intermediate coatings melt under the pressure of the electrode form these inlay pieces, inlay wires and the like touching points or lines Current bridges that weld to the two metal sheets. This is also necessary as with the pin-shaped millings, stamps and the like. One essential less welding energy than with surface contact0 As a result, with correct Dimensioning of the inserts, e.g. small pieces of wire, one weld without Damage to the decor side.

Light metals are generally only one-sided (exterior decorative side) coated while the inside remains metallic0 It is in the previous ones Zueatzanmmeldung has been provided, insulating films, in particular adhesive films, papers or the like, with corresponding perforations or the like. At the intended welding points insert or glue between them.

As a result of the high conductivity of aluminum and its alloy it is necessary for the welding to prevent and remove surface contact Welding current transition on point and line shaped contact parts, - elements and the like.

This is done in that, as described above, e.g. inserts, short pieces of wire or the like, in particular made of less conductive metal, e.g. steel, e.g. on adhesive tapes or the like, are arranged in accordance with the perforations of the insulating foils and so with simultaneous arcing the welding of the two aluminum sheets If, for example, the sheet to be welded on (e.g. an aluminum sheet) is uncoated on both sides, the electrodes are applied to the predetermined welding points and the current is fed to them by means of appropriately provided stops, corresponding to the inner, covered insulating foil holes and the insert pieces provided for this purpose leading to sit down. If, on the other hand, the outside of the sheet to be welded is coated and if it is not to be stripped of the coating at the welding point by milling, the current must be fed to some other stripped point of the sheet to be welded (or also over the cut edges) and from the outside with / Druckstempe, l # or the like. to press the welding point, whereby current is passed through the insert and at the same time arcs through which the two welding surfaces to be welded together are melted and after the melting of the inserts unite Sheets of various types of metal, e.g. steel and aluminum sheets, steel and brass sheets, brass Copper sheets, brass with brass etc. are welded together, for example by means of steel inserts (e.g. on adhesive tapes), creating an arc. A transparent yakuum bell, which encloses the pistol in an airtight manner, can be provided without or additionally with a tripod to mount milling pistols, welding pistols, pistol electrodes, welding gun pistols, stamp pressure pistols and the like. This yakuum bell sits on the sheet metal that is to be welded with, for example, a rubber ring and is on the pistol, for example, with an adjustable compression spring arranged. The bell is connected to a yakuum container or a vacuum pump with a hose and thus pressed onto the sheet metal by the external air pressure.

Thanks to the adjustable counter-pressure spring, the welding gun is thus z0B. The tripod is pressed onto the sheet metal or even stamp pressure, which can be regulated considerably beyond manual pressure, 0 This may be necessary, for example, if by the electrode or the de-energized punch prior to the completion of the introduction of the welding current by a Corresponding high pressure z ¢ BJ thin sheet metal embossed to a point at the welding point The elastic pressure can also be used, for example, to work with the Melting process of the milled or pronounced ignition pin extensions or the inserts the sheet to be welded to the decorative sheet up to the union of the welding surfaces to continuously bring closer0 As far as welds on concealed ones Places of thick (strong) sheet metal can be made instead of one Direct welding due to milling machines carried out in a coincident manner on all sides lamination or instead of capacitor discharge welding (with milled ignition pins) the pure arc welding process with direct current, as is the case for Bolts and the like is known, mutatis mutandis for example. with electrodes (instead of bolts) the thick sheet metal to be welded can be used. This is what is to be welded on Sheet metal (as described in the main application B 89 ool ben), flat stamping, whereby a contact between the inner welding surfaces of the two sheets when they are placed on top of one another If a pure arc welding process (Arc): is used Direct current passed through the sheet to be welded into the main sheet and accordingly the process then automatically removes the sheet to be welded (instead of the bolt) when lifted off, arcs arise, ie ar :. both inner stripped welding surfaces melt. A narrow, flat, Low steel ring (approx. 1 mm high) with a clear diameter of e.g. 6 mm (instead of a ceramic ring) placed, the z. B. is held magnetically and the side Prevents the liquid steel from flowing away. For lifting the sheet metal or welding points For the purpose of arcing, the procedure can be that on the uncoated Outside.welding point, a small pin is first welded on (e.g. by means of of the capacitor welding process) and this pin from the clamping electrode of the Arc welding gun is added and held and so the lifting of the sheet takes place when the welding gun is operated. The pen can be the same.

early serve as an electrode or the current through the sheet of any be fed to a point of the welding point. After completion of the internal welding The pin can be removed from the two metal sheets or just above its welding point on the sheet metal due to notches already made in advance canceled.

The lifting of the sheet metal to be welded on can in particular also be carried out by Electromagnets that are automatically controlled accordingly, or by accordingly Controlled suction air with suction devices via vacuum tank, vacuum pump and the like., which are arranged on the pistol. The pistol can be used instead of on a z, B0 standing tripod, can also be mounted on a stand, the lifting device can e.g. B. around the welding electrode, if this controls the welding current at the welding point feeds the sheets, be arranged coaxially. So much for the sheet metal to be welded on Has extra dimensions that go beyond a tripod frame is a corresponding one To arrange scaffolding on which the welding gun is vertically attached {stationary Arrangement}, with the sheets to be welded, e.g. at stops on a welding table are placed horizontally below the scaffolding in accordance with the welding.

If the current is passed through any other point in the sheet metal to be welded on, the electrode can be omitted; all other parts of the welding gun remain. Suitable coolants and devices can be provided around the stripped external areas to protect the remaining coatings. In contrast to bolted arc welding, shorter, heavy-duty welds are preferred times / to be provided.

The between # welding surfaces can be uncoated if through Preheating and strong electrode pressure after prior melting of the coatings under the pressure of the electrode, they are pushed away sideways so largely that then the remaining metal surfaces of the two sheets touch each other, Then the arc welding current is switched on and the welding surface is closed Arcing is automatically raised and then pressed again.

The invention provides numerous possibilities and combinations, in particular combinations with the preceding additional patent applications, for which protection is also sought.

Further details are described below and in the drawing shown on a larger scale (partly schematically).

1 and 3 show support plates 1 and 2 in vertical section Coatings 1 a and 1 b or 2 a and 2 b, as well as circularly decoated welds 1 c. The sheets rest on a table top ll with recesses lol a, in which Inlet and outlet lines 102 and 103 for molding the Au senseite 2 b with preferably subcooled cooling water are provided.

In Fig, 1, the carrier plate 1 is milled deeper at the milling point and thus reduced in strength to such an extent that this milling point is used as a welding point can be heated accordingly. The welding point 1 c is through graining, Embossing or the like. Designed as a pointed extension 1 z in the direction of the decorative sheet 2. This embossing or the like. Can after completion of the milling and before implementation The welding is done by special stamps and dies. It can but also an embossing by means of the immediately before the welding is carried out Welding electrode take place, especially when z * B. the inner part 5 i the welding electrode 5 is provided so that it can be moved vertically and e.g. via an electromagnet a corresponding pressure or impact immediately before welding Sheet 1 exercises, after which the inner movable electrode part 5 i for the purpose of the flat contact presses itself back into the electrode 5 during the welding pushes.

The preheating current is fed into the sheet 1 via the electrode 5 or 5 i introduced and from this via a cable 4 and a regulating resistor 8 and / or other controls and switching means fed to the opposite pole. This heats up the pronounced tip 1 z, whereby the coating 1 b and the beZ underneath Sensitive coating 2a melt or be destroyed. Through the resulting metallic contact between sheets 1 and 2, the current in sheet 2 and from there via a cable 4 a and regulating resistor 8 a and each other known Control and switching means flowing to the opposite pole The same current can be the was used as a preheating stream, with an old-womatic change in that for welding necessary welding data are used; but it can also come from another Circuit of the same or a different power source to apply the welding current automatic control and switching and the like via the electrode 5 and the tip 1 z be passed into the sheet 2. The regulated resistances listed are only intended to schematically the known automatic control options and switching options to express.

The cooling of the decorative outer layer 2 b takes place before, during and after the welding.

Fig. 2 shows a perforated adhesive tape 121 with perforations 122, which in the respective desired distances between the intended welding points have been completed. A steel wire 123 (or wires made of suitable other me.

metals or alloys} placed in the spaces between the perforations 122 are pressed by pressing or the same wide area 1123 a>, so that only above the perforations does the wire return to its original {e.g. profiled) Form 123, it can also be a second identical, double-sided adhesive tape on the adhesive tape 121 and the wire located on it, so that the Flat pressed wire is covered and only the exposed over the perforations 122 Wire pieces 123 remain open on both sides.

If such a wire between the sheets 1 and 2 to the welding points 1 c is placed, the value 1 z is not necessary. Rather, it takes place through preheating a softening and melting of the intermediate layers 1 b and 2 a takes place and is through the electrode pressure e.g. a convex or conical electrode the metallic Connection between sheet 1, wire 123 and sheet 2 and thus the power line established.

For light metals, for example, * B # are aluminum and its alloys the inside is generally not coated. In order to carry out a weld To be able to use insulating adhesive foils with appropriate perforations for the welding points and an adhesive tape according to FIG. 2, corresponding to the perforations and welds be interposed, so that under the electrode pressure or by the pressure of a currentless stamp {with EinZ conduct the current over, for example, a cut edge or other narrow.

layered places} the metallic contact between the aluminum Sheet 1, the steel wire 123 and the aluminum sheet 2 is made and the weld so can be done. The interposition of such steel wires or profiled inserts with only point or line contact between the aluminum sheets or Body is required in order to increase the transition resistance extremely and Achieving the required welding temperature can also be achieved with an optimal capacitor. Stream simultaneously to be connected to an arc weld.

Of course, this method is also suitable for others, in In view of their high electrical conductivity, metal sheets are difficult to weld or metal bodies, as well as in general for any type of metal to avoid flat surfaces Touching in order to achieve the necessary welding temperature such metal sheets and metal bodies are welded to one another in this way, considering the strength ~ {thickness} of the sheets or bodies of surface contact Not sufficient at the defined welding points due to the electric current can be heated The process is suitable for both direct current and condensing Ris atornE Charging current, such as alternating current or other currents, e.g. higher frequency currents and associated welding machines and devices.

FIG. 3 shows metal sheets and cooling devices like FIG. 1, but with Sheet 1 in the direction of sheet 2, which, like sheet 1, is decoated on both sides, flat is pronounced. A bolt 131, pin or the like is on sheet 1 beforehand, e.g. after the capacitor discharge.

Stud bolts # welded process welded on, this bolt is in place Notches 131 a, which are used to weld him after.

ßung of the sheet 1 to break off with the sheet 2, the bolt 131 is after being welded into a clamping electrode of an arc welding gun clamped. The welding gun has an adjustable automatic lift-off mechanism, with which they the bolt 131 and the sheet metal 1 welded to it in each optimal Height auto.

can increase automatically when a direct current flows over the sweat.

pistol and the bolt 131 is introduced into the sheets 1 and 2.

This lifting off creates arcs. According to a specified The automatic lifting mechanism is automatically activated (e.g. a magnetic lifting mechanism) turned off and by spring pressure or the like. The bolt 131 with its melted Surface 1 o is pressed against the fused surface 2 o and the weld is carried out with it completed.

About the liquid steel (or other metal) during the light bogen.u to prevent the effect from emerging from the side of the welding point a flat, low ring 132 with a correspondingly clear diameter around the welding point be sandwiched around inside. The ring 132 can be made of any hard-to-melt Metal, zSB a corresponding alloy or z0 3. also a ceramic ring be of appropriate dimensions, the welding tent can be optimally shortened under correspond to the adjustment of the other welding data, taking into account the Individual relationships.

4 shows a> preferably transparent> vacuum bell 141, which is placed airtight around a welding gun 142 a and with a high, elastic rubber ring 141 as or the like on the sheet 1, for example by means of a Template or stops are placed in such a way that the electrode 143 rests on the intended Welding point.

The welding electrode is adjustable protruding and against the pressure a strong spring 144 can be pushed up vertically as soon as the rubber ring 141 a is airtight is seated, the bell is connected to a vacuum container via a valve 145 and a hose (operated by a vacuum pump) connected. Due to the atmospheric pressure (corresponding to the contact surface) the high rubber ring 141 a is pressed together and the electrode (stamp or the like) correspondingly further increasing the pressure of the spring 144 pushed in upwards. The back pressure of the spring 144 can be tensioned in advance by a regulating screw 146 and the electrode (Stamp or the like) can be regulated as required using stop or spacer rods be arranged above. It is thus possible to apply any desired pressure to the Electrode, the stamp or the like. To transfer from the size of the respective The maximum contact area is obtained.

To transfer the pressure movement of the bell to the inner Sahweisgpistolb 142 (or the like) or the electrode (or the like) engages an annular bell extension 141 b on a tube 147 comprising the spring 144, which in turn has an upper ring part 147 a compresses the spring 144 from above. On the side of the bell base or ring, can be provided on this height-adjustable stops (feet) for the purpose regulated limitation of the pressing in of the rubber ring 141 a and thus of the pressure, as well as to regulate the horizontal position of the bell base.

Bores 148 are placed through the annular projections 141 b, 141 c in order to remove the air from all inner spaces of the bell. The upper part 142 a of the welding gun, which protrudes beyond the bell, accommodates the power supply and control cables 149 a and 149 b, as well as the power control switch 150. All parts are arranged airtight, the Vacium bell makes the use of protective gases unnecessary, facilitates the electricity The transition from son / electrodeX to sheet metal, increases the electrode service life and, instead of a rigid, stationary electrode arrangement, enables a flexible arrangement on long cables and hoses with simultaneous application of high pressure. Also, due to the flexibility of the rubber ring, overlapping of the sheets does not interfere with the support #.

Tripod frames can instead of the outer regulating stops inside or be additionally provided outside the bell. The Vacuum Bell and Associated Guns can be of any shape depending on the individual case of their application.

You can also flexibly arrange any other devices and machines are used z * Bo for milling machines for dehumidifying, for drilling machines, for de-energized pressure and embossing stamps etc. 0 They can be used as welding guns for Every type of current and every welding process can be used, also for the capacitor Discharge pin welding (calibrated tips) with air gap, as well as for the DC arc detection usn, the arc lengths are adjustable, as well the immersion speed of the preferably pre-stamped weld points to be welded on 1 v (electronic time controller) ¢ The working surfaces of the electrodes can be made of tungsten or molybdenum or the like hot-hard metals or alloys.

Also aluminum sheets, stainless steel sheets, galvanized sheets and bodies etc. can be welded with arcs as described.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS! 1.) Process for resistance welding or electrical resistance soldering and arc welding of sheet metal and metallic bodies, d u r c h g e I do not know that pointed extensions (e.g. through graining, embossing, milling and the like.) in the direction of the decorative sheet, e.g. is to be coated on both sides, formed on the sheet to be welded are generated by a preheating flow that initially flows through the (upper ) Sheet metal is so strongly heated that this causes the inner coating of the decorative sheet melts (or is destroyed), the pointed extensions metallic Get in contact with the decorative sheet and through automatic control or other Circuits and regulations a welding current with optimal welding data that exclude damage to the decorative layer, over the contact point, the sheets is welded into the decorative sheet. 2.) The method according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that cooling devices to the electrodes and / or to the welds are arranged, by touching the e.g. with escaping coolant the Cooling, e.g. automatically controlled, execute. 3.) The method according to claim 1 and 2, d a d u r c h U e k e n n -z e i c h e t that between the coated inner sides of the sheet metal insert, in particular inlay wires, preferably on coincident perforated adhesive tapes are arranged through which, be it after preheating of the weak spots of the sheet to be welded, be it by means of one of these insert wires or The same, conducted preheating current melted the inner, insulating intermediate layers (or destroyed) and the two sheets get metallic contact, after which automatically optimally through e.g. appropriate control, switching or the like regulated welding current that carries out the welding. 4.) The method according to claim 1 to 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z E i c h n e t that especially with light metal sheets with metallic, not insulated insides perforated insulating foils or the like., As well as with these perforations matching, perforated adhesive tapes with inlay pieces arranged on them, inlay wire pieces, Inlay wires, inlay cutting rings and the like. Are interposed. 5.) The method according to claim 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z It is true that the welding electrode is also designed as a stamping die is, for which purpose coaxial double electrodes can be provided. 6.) Method according to AnXptudh 1 to 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n -z it is clear that welding guns, welding gun guns, embossing guns, currentless pressure guns, milling guns, gun electrodes and similar vacuum bells any shape adapted to the individual purposes are arranged airtight and their Electrodes, stamps and the like. with adjustable pressure e.g. via intermediate, adjustable Springs on the welding points by switching on a vacuum container or a Vacuum pumps, which are connected to the vacuum bells via hoses, are pressed are, for example, a soft and correspondingly high rubber support ring the pressure movement allows the bell, which is carried over to the electrodes or the like. 7.) The method according to claim 1 to 6, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z That is true, thanks to adjustable counter-pressure springs inside the welding gun and / or by adjusting the distance, e.g. by means of spacer bars, the pressure of the Bell on the electrode (or the electrode holder or the clamping electrode, the Stamp, milling cutter or the like.) Can be regulated 8.) Method according to claim 1 to 7, d a d u r c h g e -k e n n n z e i h n e t s that through a capacitor discharge current Sheets of different types of metal with one another, arcing by means of ignition elements (e.g. milled pins, inserts, wires and the like.) with each other be welded, e.g. sheet steel with aluminum sheet, 'sheet steel with lead-free Brass sheet and electrlyt copper, aluminum sheet with aluminum sheet and its Alloys, silver sheets, etc.), whereby the current energy can be regulated so that the decorative layers remain intact. 9.) The method according to claim 1 to 8 d a d u r c h g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that sheet metal, in particular sheet steel, by pre-embossing the to be welded Sheet in the direction of the main sheet at these defined points by direct current and arcing by means of e.g. automatic magnetic lifting of the sheet to be welded a lifting mechanism and again automatic pressing against one another according to the specified Time (e.g. by means of compression spring) are welded together0 lo.) process according to claim 1 to 9, d u r c h g e -k e n n n z e i c h n e t that cooling devices are provided on the outside of the two sheets, which preferably also one Perform pre-cooling. llo) Method according to claim 1 to lo, since d u r c h g e -k e n n z It is true that insulating intermediate layers are melted by a preheating current and are pushed away laterally under the pressure of the electrode or the like, and so on Contact of the two sheets is achieved 0