DE1895486U - DRIVE DEVICE FOR UNDERWATER BOATS, IN PARTICULAR SMALL SUBMARINE. - Google Patents

Description

Propulsion for submarines, especially small submarines

Small-scale submarines, especially small submarines, which are intended for only one person, for example, are used primarily for research and scientific purposes, but are also used for sporty underwater rides. They are therefore required to be on the Easily transportable overland, so light in weight and not bulky and have few vulnerable external parts to have. In addition, they should be able to be operated without complicated manipulation and controlled in a simple and targeted manner so that the inmate can focus on the tasks assigned to him. After all, she has to The boat can be put into operation in just a few simple steps, as can the partial dismantling of the boat and stowage for land transport with no manual difficulties to essential necessities heard.

These demands are made by the well-known small submarines only insufficiently fulfilled.

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The new submarine, which is expediently made of fiberglass is constructed, does not require rudder, elevator or stabilization surfaces, i.e. boat elements, which a small submarine to be transported is easily vulnerable and make it difficult to load · The only parts lying outside the hull are the driving iDeile in the boat according to the invention, but these are easily solved and separately for an overland trip can be promoted. In addition, the boat is easy to handle.

The fire is on a submarine drive, directed and marked especially for small submarines preferably symmetrically mounted on both sides of the boat and independently controllable from the inside, Drive units consisting of a motor, e.g. an electric motor and a visual hood, their longitudinal axes (visual shafts) in the vertical plane are pivotable.

The fire is also characterized by special features Training in control, service and security elements, which are explained in detail in the following description with reference to the drawing. The drawing represents in examples for the control:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the submarine with the top shell partially removed;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the middle part of the boat j

Fig. 3a and 3b a top view of the automatic release for the detection weights in the scheme,

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The submarine is propelled by both sides of the boat lying drive units 5, which consist of a watertight encapsulated electric motor with pressure screw 4 ". These units 5 are preferably attached symmetrically. The essence of the fire consists in the fact that the drive units 5 µm horizontal "preferably through the center of gravity of the drive unit, the transverse axes can be swiveled i.e. that the longitudinal axes of the two teardrop-shaped drive housings are in the vertical plane Can be pivoted, Is it is advisable that these pivotings are uniform and necessarily run in the same direction go before see. The concurrent Tertikaisehwenken the Drive units 5 take place, for example, through the rotation of a common axis 6, brought about from the inside, at its outer ends the units 5 are firmly attached. The axis of rotation is e.g. mounted in the boat walls, as shown in Fig. 1 shows. Fig. 1 also gives an example of the operating mechanism for uniform pivoting of the drive units 5 by means of a handle 7.

Bs can be seen that with this device ever sew inclination of the propeller axles an up and down movement of the boat can be achieved. In a 90 ° offset pivot, namely when the drive units 5 have been brought into a position perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the boat, in which the pressure screw 4 is at the bottom and the boat prints close to the top, you have the option of component-free propulsion let it work on the boat. This position is indicated by dashed lines in Fig. Small swings out of the! Most formal Position a out (below 90 °) results in a more or less effective depending on the angle of inclination and direction of deflection Height or depth control. You regulate the rotation the axis β so that the drive units 180 ° to

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Hormalstelliang are pivoted, so you can do that in Pahrt "Brake the current boat or let it run backwards.

^ The side steering of the boat is carried out by a different speed control of the drive propellers 4 or

. but also because one or the other propeller temporarily stops. The electric drive enables: it, the sense of rotation of one or the other Mo tor or also to change that of both engines. In this way the boat can be turned on the spot or it can (without 180 ° - Visual pivoting of the propeller axes) braked or reversed be moved.

Both steering movements necessary for the operation of the submarine, namely the height and depth control on the one hand and the rudder control, on the other hand, can be equipped with a control element in the manner of an airplane stick control; be performed. The control stick could, for example, start with its lower end at right angles to the (continuous) axis of rotation 6 be pre-connected so that it can be moved in a vertical plane lying in the longitudinal axis of the boat. With this movement, the axis 6 taken along (rotated) and thus pivoted the drive units 5 and ultimately the vertical and vertical movement caused by the boat. Independently of this, the same control element (stick) could also be swiveled sideways, whereby, depending on the electrical path, the: to carry out the lateral control different Speed graduation of the drive propeller 4 set or the shutdown of one or the other propeller could be caused.

The energy for the internal drive of the electric motors is, as usual _# taken from batteries, which are naturally located in the deepest part of the boat. In order to

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In order to bypass the supply lines to the external motors in the boat wall, it is advisable to see the Form the axis of rotation (6) as a hollow tube, which opens watertight at both ends in the unit housing (5) and in the the cables are housed. The axle tube (6) can also be used for control cables for the motors or for take up other purposes or ultimately for guidance; a linkage for any mechanical releases in the or on the unit housing (5).

The rudderless steering assumes that the submarine is carefully balanced, i.e. with additional weights is placed in a limbo state. This trimming is usually done by water ballast, which during underwater travel to the surface is reduced by compressed air. Trimming can also be done using weights take place on the outside of the boat, for example on both sides of the axis of rotation between the ship's side and the motor housing (5) (Position 8 in Fig. 1).

If the immersion tank or tanks fail, e.g. due to damage, there is a risk that the buoyancy of the pressure-resistant Cabin body is insufficient and the boat cannot be thawed. In this case of danger the already mentioned buoyancy of the drive units pivoted by 90 ° can already be sufficient to pushing the boat up. But about this buoyancy to enlarge and to achieve an additional security, the iErimmgewiehte can also be used, which - now superfluous as such - are discarded in the aforementioned hazard.

These weights are expediently thrown off automatically, at the moment when the two-sided propeller drive has been brought into the pressure position (position b in Fig. 2).

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The ATaTa * 3 gives an example of the automatic release. On a drive sleeve between the side wall edge (5) lying piece of the axis of rotation - it's in ATdTd. 1 with 8 marked - a disc (12) with a rabbit (11) lying on its edge is firmly attached. She turns see that is, concurrently with the swiveling of the units (5) The Seheibe (12) can be applied circular and centric, but it can also prove to be useful that it has an oval shape and / or is eccentric on the Axis (6) is mounted. The weight (9) is over the edge of the disc (12), in the same arrangement on both sides. hung with the help of a hook-shaped hanging device (10), the upper part of which is adapted to the curvature of the disc (12). This second part of the hook is like that dimensioned so that its free Inde abuts against the driver nose (11) so that when the axis is rotated in the direction of the arrow (and pivoting of the housing 5 into the buoyancy position) Taken the hook and - since it is burdened by the weight (9) - finally pushed down and with the Weight is thrown off. In order to ensure that the hook slides off safely, it would be, as already mentioned, appropriate to make the disc oval and maybe also to mount it eccentrically. The detachment of the The hook is thereby significantly accelerated.

The automatic dropping system has other solutions. So it could take place in electromagnetic ways. But also manual dropping in a mechanical way, e.g. by a rod guided in the hollow axle (6), or by an electro-magnetic acting gate direction would be possible.

With these facilities, the submarine is given a high degree of security, is easy to operate and is capable of doing well its non-obstructive structure and its inviolability

Claims (6)

- Sheet 7 - can be easily transported. It is therefore ideally suited for use as a small submarine with its diverse tasks. S c h u t ζ a η s ρ r ü e h e 1. Drive for submarine, in particular for small submarine, characterized by beidse / ts of the boat (1), preferably symmetrically broke / Oe, and from the inside independently controllable J motor, for example, electric engine and propeller (4) l / estehenäe drive units (5) j whose longitudinal axes (propeller axes) can be pivoted in the vertical plane. 2. Drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical pivoting of the Aiprisbs units (5) serving for height and depth control is caused by the rotation of a common axis (6) mounted in the hull (J)) from the inside. , at the outer ends of the .Aggregate (5) are firmly attached, inevitably takes place in the same direction. 3. Drive according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the side control of the submarine by means of a different speed and direction of rotation control of the drive propeller (4) that can be set by imafen or by shutting down one of the both propellers (4) takes place, 4. Drive according to claims 1 to 3> characterized in / that both the height and depth control of the / submarine as well as its side control UXLfGh a control member in the manner of a - ο - L3U / 23 * 13.5,64 Protection claims 1. Propulsion device for underwater boats, in particular Small submarine, characterized by the · / ν ο η er on both sides Boat (1) preferably symmetrically attached yvon Inside, independently controllable, consisting of a motor, e.g. an electric motor, and a propeller (4) Drive units (5) whose longitudinal axes (propeller axes) can be pivoted in the vertical plane. 2. Drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height and! Depth control Serving vertical pivoting of the drive units (5) by the rotation effected from the inside a common axle (6) mounted in the hull (1), at the outer ends of which the units (5) are firmly attached, inevitably takes place concurrently. 3. Drive device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a both in the in the longitudinal axis of the boat lying Tertikaebene and laterally pivotable control member Kind of a plug stuff stick control is provided. 4. Drive device according to claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the axis of rotation (6) which has the units (5) at its outer ends carries, designed as a hollow tube, through which the electrical supply and control cables for the drive motors and possibly also mechanical operating rods are guided. 5. Drive device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on both sides of the Bootes (1) removable counterweights (9) are attached. - Page 2 - 6. Drive device according to claim 5, characterized in that that on a piece lying mainly between the boat wall and the drive units (φ. Fig. 1) the axis of rotation (6) a round or oval disc (12) with a rabbit (11) centrally or is fixed eccentrically and that on the periphery of this disc (12) each one G-ewgt (9) is suspended with the help of a stiff band (10) in the form of a hook in such a way that the nose (11) the free upper end of the hook (10) abutting against it during the rotation of the Drive unit (5) by 90 in the Yertical position so far that the hook (10) loosens with the weight (9) from the axis of rotation (6) • and falls off.