DE1801852A1 - Ventilation or air conditioning - Google Patents

Description

1801852 Patent attorney DipL-Ing. J. F. WoAlnger

■ * ■ **** »« »October 8, 1963

Dipl.Ing. Paul OdeIga in Vienna (Austria)

Ventilation or air conditioning

The invention relates to a ventilation or Air conditioning.

The desire for such facilities is increasing from year to year because of the increasing mechanization of the feud are gaining additional heat source in rooms use and due to the high base prices and construction costs, the available air space per person is shrinking, therefore, ₀ Man builds such equipment not only in such buildings "where strong people accumulations take place, for example in department stores, restaurants» coffee houses, cinemas, theaters, lecture halls, etc. _s but increasingly AUOH in pure office buildings and there is also the desire

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to provide such systems for mixed office and residential buildings as well as for purely residential buildings. However, this is countered by the fact that the cost of installing such systems is very high in the known constructions. The3 also applies »if such a system is to be built into» an existing building », since this is usually only possible with very large modifications. In addition, such a system requires a relatively large amount of space ₉ which is not always and everywhere available «

In addition, the problem arises in new buildings that the external cooling load can be easily determined and cannot change over time, but the internal cooling load can often not be precisely determined during the planning, since at this point in time the use of the individual The room of the building is still completely unclear »Even if the future user of the building has already been determined ₉ , the servant is often not able to say how many people, machines, etc. ₀ should be accommodated in the individual hems Apparatus such as the computerized system are out of the question, the internal cooling loads for rooms of the same size and facing in the same direction can differ by 100%. These differences must of course be taken into account when planning an air conditioning system *

If, in the course of use, rooms differ from the original to be used in a planned manner or to dream by taking it out

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increases of partitions or .werden reduced by putting up partitions' / can perfect puncture the originally planned air conditioning was not _β are expected order again ensure proper air-conditioning more, moves and changes to the existing air ducts or installation of additional new air ducts are necessary, "Both requires considerable structural work and also causes long-term operational disruptions and considerable costs.

The most commonly built type \ sees on air conditioners * EIIW central air conditioning before _s 3ie either in the basement or the attic is housed and a vertical air duct or in the case of using a Hoohdruck two-channel system, two vertical air supply channels (one for hot and one for Warm air), with horizontal floor distributions being connected to the air supply duct or ducts. Usually, a vertical exhaust air duct is also provided, which returns part of the extracted air to the air conditioning system (circulating air) and discharges the remainder into the open air as exhaust air. This exhaust air duct can also <> ntf all, if the system works as an overpressure system or with an internal circulating air supply. Because of the vertical air supply duct at each floor, the floor branches branch _B must taper of the cross section of the Zuluftkanalee from top to bottom stepped itich to approximately uniform Oruckverhältnl / .se for all branch sieitungen manufacture. If there is now an additional

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branch line connected or the cross-section of a branch line changed or a branch line shut down ^ so naturally the pressure conditions and the Air speeds so high that the system can no longer function properly

It must also be noted that the air shaft for the intake and the exhaust duct Due to the necessarily relatively large cross-section acts like a chimney · Moreover, through the openings of the inlet and exhaust air duct on each floor the risk of carryover van fire from one floor to other given. Both are extremely undesirable, especially in buildings with a high number of visitors.

The object of the invention is to report the difficulties and disadvantages outlined above. The invention works from a ventilation - or air conditioning system with at least a channel system, which has a horizontal main channel, ν connected to the at least twelfth vertical distribution channels are. On the basis of this, the invention essentially consists in the fact that each of the vertical distribution channels has the same transverse string cones over its entire length and in several ways Floors, preferably in each floor, is provided with a lockable Einbiegeb or Absaugeuffnung whose Cross-section size of that of the respectively assigned vertical Distribution channel is the same, so that the geaatate air volume of the Channel stars optionally sur Qänte one, several or all Floors assigned «can be grounded · This allows a system

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achieve that "mergelte at any time near the η · α" nt can be adapted to the requirements, on the other hand, the risk of fire is significantly reduced. The latter advantage results from the fact that the large cross-section of the vertical climatic construction, which is necessary in the known constructions, does not apply to the construction according to the invention If heat exciters are relocated, any vertical distribution duct that is in operation can be closed and another can be opened for it. When a higher cold "or heat demand in a room can be just another channel that is not currently used on this floor duroh removal of the airtight closure" be opened "The ability ₉ air conditioning adapt all within the usual needs requirements occurring, is therefore given without any structural difficulty and without the need to install additional duct cross-sections. It is only necessary when planning a building to base the floor plan on the needs of the system. Blows! It is advantageous that in the ftahmon of the invention, the vertical distribution channels are formed from plastic hollow profiles known per se, which have a jacket made of fire-proof material, for example

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are made of concrete. Bs consists in running the invention Näalioh the possibility of using the vertical distribution channels in prefabricated wall panels made of a fireproof material, 3 · Β · Concrete to embed · In this jacket made of fireproof material the usual concrete irons can be inserted without further ado, so that the concrete area with the vertical distribution channels also load-bearing functions, e.g. for the ceilings of the building can take over,

There is a significant space saving in that the large amount of space required for the currently common systems There is no vertical air conditioning shaft, the one 60 to 100% larger 1st than the already very large cross-section of the air duct · · This is due to the fact that in the vertical shafts 41 « Possibility of assembly and access to certain parts « must be preserved. In the case of the system according to the invention, there are no these requirements · The space requirement of the system according to the invention is therefore not even as large as the necessary Canal cross section. Depending on the chosen fora the channels is for

2 2

A duct cross-section of 0.17 α to 0.294 m requires additional space of 0.18 m over the wall thickness required for bulging, i.e. in most cases less than the free duct cross-section. In 6 - 7 stuffy buildings, which are to be seen as the rule nowadays, _p the gain in usable space is at least i - 2% of the total usable area with constant external dimensions of the building «

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Another important advantage of the inventive construction is the Gewioüteeraparnfco are sheet-metal ducts from 25 to SO t in a central building in the known air conditioners today quite usual The erfindungsgeaäßen art "material channels weigh, however, for the same cross-section despite larger found strength only about 21% of the same size sheet metal duct e _s dhj that in a channel weight of 25 t sheet the same channels in plastic only 5,5-weigh-6T. This weight reduction also has a lowering effect on construction costs.

According to a development of the invention, the cross section is each vertical distribution channel is the same over its entire length, the cross-sections of the individual vertical distribution channels preferably also matching one another, Daduroh there is a normalization of the channel cross sonittes, so that With a single channel profile that can be sufficient «This can further reduce the costs of the system.

In the case of systems with exhaust air ducting, it is expedient for the purposes of the invention to proceed as follows; that two identical systems are provided, one of which leads the supply air _p the other the exhaust air. Just as it is possible for the supply air to continuously adapt the system to varying conditions, this is also possible for the exhaust air duct, so that supply air and / or exhaust air can be assigned to one, several or all floors, including the distribution of the exhaust air can be changed on the individual floors.

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Of course, the system according to the invention is with regard to the supply air for both binaries and for Zweikaiial systems applicable, in which latter cold «and Warm air can be guided in different channels. With regard to the exhaust air routing, circulating air routing is of course just as possible as an exhaust air system or combinations thereof.

This results in further advantages; that nioht-utilized vertical distribution channels can be utilized for special purposes, for example for the control of installation lines _e for itauohabzugszweoke, Klosettbelüftung etc.

In the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown sohematiech. FIG. I shows a vertical section through a multi-storey building which is provided with an air conditioning system according to the invention. FIG. 1 is a section along the line II - II in FIG. 1. FIGS. which can be used for the vertical distribution channels, Fig. 8 to 10 show, in a side view or top view or in a section along the line XX in FIG shows in the vertical son such a β connection piece to βinta Fermbauetein according to Fig. 6 ·

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The air conditioning system naoh FIGS. 1 and 2 has an air supply system 1 (Fig · 2) and an exhaust air system 2 on «, the supply air system is fed by a central air treatment system 3, to which the air from the exhaust air system 2 is at least partially fed back · In the exemplary embodiment shown, the air treatment system is located in the basement of the building, however, it can just as well be arranged in the attic.

The air intake system 1 has an output connected to the Luitaufbereitvugsanlage 3 horizontal main "barrel?" Sanunelkanal 4 on ,, the more vertical Verteilkaaäle 5 joined Aage are "The vertical distribution channels 5 are made of a smooth as possible material low to the roaming air resistance as possible to Offer. Each of these sQkkrsonten Ver "tisilkaiiä'le 5 is on each floor with an airtight seal, the injection hole 6 provided dia airtight by means of a suitable cap 7 can be closed vi ground ,, The cross section of each injection hole 6 of the cross-sectional area of the respectively associated vertical Verteilkanales 5 same as that the total discharged from the collecting channel 4 air "quantitative optionally a ,, several or all Stockuerken can be assigned to" the Einblaseöffnungen 6 aind appropriate β in each floor between the top 8 and the suspended ceiling 9 _s placed wherein the Aüsblaseöffnungen any of SiOH known expander , Blowers or distribution lines connected «#in kttiuMD ·

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BADORiGfNAl

λΟ

The exhaust air unit 2 is essentially the supply air system 1 identically designed. The horizontal Saame1kanal is 10 " the vertical channels with 11 and the dispensing openings with 12 and their closure caps are denoted by 13.

By the plurality of vertical channels 5 or "11 of the cross-section of each vertical channels, minibar so small _s that the use of plastic pipes is possible" In order to fire regulations with regard to the fire safety of the air ducts to match, are provided, these plastic tubes with a concrete jacket. In terms of design, there are two possibilities: Either the plastic pipe system is first built, then completely shuttered and poured over with concrete in each storey, or factory-made prefabricated wall sections are used in which the air ducts are already provided. Such wall pieces are shown in cross section in FIGS. 3 to 7. These wall pieces are produced in different lengths in order to be able to build up the floor heights in question.

Each Waiidstück is plate-shaped and has several plastic pipes or plastic hollow profiles £ 4, which limit the vertical distribution channels ^. The concrete shell is denoted by 15. The choice of the cross-section depends on the purpose of the building. The cross-sections according to FIGS. ₀ to 5 are mainly suitable for large-scale buildings, such as department stores, restaurants, etc., while the cross-sections according to FIGS

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a large number of small fencing should be air-conditioned .

It is convenient to the blowing or _B from suction openings 6 or "12 provides to provide directly to the wall pieces, S0jidk £ 'n liiefür separated from the Wandsttickea Abswei ^ pieces 16 (Fig ₁₅ 8 - Ii) to provide" are pieces In these branch the Eiiiblase · = * VIC "Absaugeöffnungen 6 or" 12 also ends "Nässig O pipes ₁ TfOH plastic 17 formed _t the cross" sclir-itt each of these art st of fr eyelets 17 the cross section of the vertical distribution duct 5 forming Kunstetoffrohres 14 is equivalent to·

The concrete shell 15, both of the wall pieces and the waste z \ - / gstüoiEe can in a conventional manner distribute reinforcements have to be ₈ so that this wall or ₀ laterals well as supporting elements ζ.B ₀ for floor slabs ₈ ".

The invention also provides the ability _$ multiple air conditioners vai'schiedener systems in a building on common inlet _B AbIaftkanäle, filters etc to join _"t without the additional costs to cause ,,

Claims;

-U-

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BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

atetttaaspröc i _s ventilation or air conditioning; with at least one duct system ₅ , which has a horizontal main _{duct p} to which at least two vertical distribution ducts are connected, characterized in that each of the vertical distribution ducts has the same cross-sectional size over its entire length and is in several floors, preferably in each floor _{s s} is provided with a closable insufflation "or suction orifice whose cross-sectional Gruße that of the respectively associated vertical Verteilkanalee equal to" so that. the entire air volume of the duct system® can optionally be assigned entirely to one, several or all floors «, 2ο plant according to claim i, characterized _e in that the vertical distribution channels are formed "hollow profiles of calibration to known plastic ;, with a coat of fire" * proof material; Z ₀ B. made of concrete. 3. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vertical distribution channels are embedded in prefabricated wall panels made of a fireproof material » ζ _v B _e Betosi ₉ siacl _e 4 · Annex according to one of claims 1 to S ₉ dadrareli ge "indicates ^ that the cross-section £ © ra of every vertical" partial channel "ttbor""in" whole "Länfi® is gltioh edge äaB - 12 - 909822/087 $ wise, the cross-sections of the individual vertical Ver nälö coincide with each other. 5., plant according to one of claims I- to 4 ₉ u :: clureii i.; 7iohnsi _s that two identical systems vorgö-- »are, of which one is the supply air the other * 3ie i3 - 25 _ο 0 _ο β8ο / / rh 909822/0875