DE1775603A1 - Procedure for determining the presence and the local position of objects laid underground - Google Patents

Description

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Gordon H. Allen, 504 Illinois Drive, Carol Stream, Wheaton, Illinois (V. St. A.)

Procedure for determining the presence of objects laid underground

The invention relates to a method to determine the presence and location of objects laid underground, such as lines or structural elements, alt the aim of damage to such objects during subsequent excavation, grave * and drilling * work su Prevent.

From U.S. Patent 3,115,861 issued to the same Inventor you go back, is such a method your he * facilitate the determination of the presence of objects or structural elements laid underground, such as Wires, cables, liquid pipes, sewer pipes and sewage connections, valves and similar components, known where a trench was dug or

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an excavation is carried out in the earth, the object or structural element in question is laid ”, it is easy to do so destructible, colored body, the coffin of which stands out from that of the surrounding soil, brought in and then the trench or excavation is filled with earth · BIe important practical advantages of such a method are explained in the above-mentioned patent specification «and the principles disclosed in this and the teaching on technical action given therein have since been published in largely used. In the ÜSA patent pen 3 232 057 is the special use of colored Plastic panels. Panels, ribbons or strips »both

for example made of polyethylene, which has some designs

beschriebejl men colored frangible bodies represent>"aie _t if, for example, od means of a mechanical excavator. like. are sucked in Auohubarbeiten upward tear will have in practical komeeraiellen building codes' such colored panels" panels "or strip as such colored. destructible bodies used. '

Although such colored plastic articles are scope and with success in the patent

Scriptures described were used «around the Location of objects laid underground and construction »

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θlementen to identify and occasional destruction and To report damage that always occurs if such bodies are encountered suddenly and unexpectedly while excavating, there are certain disadvantages when using such plastic articles as Boards or ribbons which so far could not be removed with satisfactory results.

An essential naphthel of the use of colored Plastic sheets or strips, for example Io U.S. Patent 3,232,057 the fact that their presence underground was not made possible by any search instruments operated by the day, but rather is only detectable during digging and excavation work. This is of particular importance Problem in those cases in which lines or components are made of non-metallic material, So for example with clay, ceramic, concrete or "

Plastic pipes and lines, because in these cases cannot determine the presence of such lines or components with metal-responsive suca devices will.

There are various suggestions for eliminating this

Problem has been solved by these suggestions

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ORIGINAL

for example, in the plastic sheets, foils or odet To draw tapes electromagnetically, if possible, with electronic search devices that can be operated over the day determine underground lines or structural elements . These and various other goalscoring strokes based on the same or similar basic ideas, or those who try to solve the problem in other ways have proven impractical, and, as far as the applicant is aware, none of these goal strokes has prevailed in practice.

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From British patent specification 410 900 it is also known to carry out underground installations, by digging a trench, laying a pipe or a component, for example a cable, and the trench

<BUBQhtseatenden is filled, being several inches above theΤΚοβΙ

or other object as reinforcement a steel strip or a plate is inserted, by means of which it can be damaged during later excavation or the like Work is prevented. Such a procedure has with the task on which the invention is based, to do nothing and would also not lead to the desired effect according to the invention.

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The invention creates a practical, effective and economical Solution to the problem discussed above. Se has been shown that a destructible, flexible metal foil in the form of a leaf, sheet or ribbon, the color of which differs from that of the surrounding soil stands out in such a way that the colors can be easily distinguished from one another by visual appearance, and that against moisture and oxidation as well as other things that occur when it is sunk into the ground Destruction is protected, can be used effectively and that its presence and its general Location readily using conventional types of electronic and similar metal detectors for the Operation during the day can be determined. So before any work or development work is carried out, you can the presence and general location of the sheet, web or band of metal foil and thus the presence and the local position of the non-metallic line or the other non-metallic line Component detected and the person who operates the digging or excavation lifting device warned in good time will. Some search devices that can be used are, for example, the Suoh devices that are listed under the designations P-44-0 Motrotech Pipe and Cable Looator or 220-A Metrotech Valve Box Looator are sold,

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or a normal "dipping needle" (loading! probe) · devices of this or other type work about Sag according to the principles of induction and conductivity and provide powerful signals that indicate the presence and general location of the underlying material show metallic lines.

As mentioned above, the subject of the invention is on most useful where the lines or components whose detection is sought »aas non-metallic Materials are made.

It is true that a wide variety of metal foils can be used, their presence and location by electronic or similar search devices are detectable, for example Swab, aluminum, livestock and so-called tin foil, however, it has proven to be particularly beneficial proved to use foils made of steel and in particular tinned steel foil. Let the thick tier metal foil although somewhat variable, in general 1st te desirable, a foil, with a thickness ranging from between approx. 0.0125 to approx. 0.1 mm (approx. 0.0005 to approx. 0.004 inches) to use; excellent results will however with foils of a thickness of the above. $ 0.02 to 0.050mm (0.001 to 0.002 inches) thickness achieved by further

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Cold rolling of conventional tinned cold rolled Steels of the thickness usually obtained in the rolling mill were manufactured. In the interest of the wide long beeter In general, the steel foil should not be annealed because of the risk of annealing the highly desirable flexibility of the steel foil is impaired.

It is important to use the metal foil, especially the steel foil, to protect against moisture and oxidation or against any other attack and also with a coloring see below, which are surrounded by the coloration of the dee or the underground lines or structural elements on the adjacent floor. This can be done by happen that the steel foil, for example, at least on one, but better on both sides with a paint from a permanent moisture and oxidation resistant Polyester paint is provided. If wanted, the film provided with the color application can be provided with any desired imprints, such as, for example on polyethylene tapes or strips for the Use in accordance with the teaching of the above-mentioned patents can be used commercially. Steel foils in the only rolled state they generally have an oily eye. ik care should be taken to ensure that

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the oil overspill the perfect adhesion yes larbtiberzuges or any other coating on the steel foil. For example, the oil broker should 50 mg / m (a Ig per 20.232 m = * 1 gram per base box) do not exceed. If the oil coating does not finish the order or the adhesion of the paint or the plastic coating ^ impaired, it should be by vaschen and thenee Drying can be eliminated. In any case, will then the painted metal foil in the printed or unprinted state, advantageously on at least one Side and preferably on both sides by extrusion, lamination or another »process for the production of a coating with a thin film, for example from a thickness of about 0.0125 to 0.075 (0.0005 to 0.003 inches), especially about 0.025 (0.001 inches) of an essentially transparent art fabric covered or laminated that comes into contact with moisture and with existing in the ground Materials is protected against attack, with polyethylene being particularly preferred. The PiIm made of polyethylene or a similar plastic serves as a further barrier to the steel foil or when applied to the paint is to protect the paint against possible spoilage and shrinkage on contact with the ground. There is no novelty protection for the composition of the colors.

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■■> ■. ■? ■ * ■■■ * ■■ ■ * $ «

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claimed as numerous compositions for this Purpose are available. The term "colors" is intended to be used in the In the present description and in the claims, coating compounds denote »the IM in the broadest sense, depending on requirements are colored with pigments or dyes, and includes not only actual colors, but also lacquers, Lacquer paints and similar coating compounds. An example of a coating that has been found to be very satisfactory, is a yinyl thermosetting coating sold under the designation 3-2770 (Mobil Chemical Company) is available 1st and in a variety of colors. Bs can It should also be pointed out that if the metal foil itself has a color that corresponds to the color of the surrounding or neighboring Srdfeiche contrasts in the it is embedded, there is no need to apply your own paint application. In the normal case, however, it shows as desirable, the metal foil duroh application of a paint application or a colored plastic film in the f to give the catfish described above a coloring. on

in any case, the terms "color, color", if not expressly stated otherwise, generally also include the color of the metal foil, if this per se stands out from the color of the soil and is easily distinguishable from it with the naked eye.

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To color AnBtatt the steel foil or other metal foil through an application of paint, the metal foil can be on one or two page ^»1 with a colored or pigmented plastic νcn any color", for example, yellow, red, orange or green, überaogen or be included in this. For example, a polyethylene or polypropylene film of the thickness mentioned above can be applied and then the plastic11 ", if desired, printed. Instead, a film of dyed polyethylene or polypropylene may be pre-printed on the order of about 0.001 to 0.002 inches thick and then on opposite sides of steel foil about 0.001 to 0.002 inches thick On the order of 0.025 to 0.05 an (0.001 to 0.002 inch) can be laminated. If lamination processes are used, they should be carried out using a lamination adhesive by. many of which are commercially available. A particularly satisfactory polyethylene for use in adhesive lamination is that commercially available under the trade mark M-3208 (Union Carbide Corporation). Particularly satisfactory polyethylenes for use in extrusion or hot plastic application are those available under the trade names Copolymer BQBA 2500 (Union Carbide Corporation) and ZEXAfIH Copolymer QI-3623-17 (Dow Chemical Company). Other plastics

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and protective coatings that are resistant to moisture and weakening in the soil can of course be used, and these include polyvinylidene chloride (Saran), polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate butyrate, polystyrene and acrylonitrile, e.g. B. daa under the trade name 50 S 351 PiIm Ho. 2O3-334-36-H (Vistron Corporation), as well as glass and ceramic types Uppers.

In use, the metal foil described above is in in the form of sheets, webs or ribbons in the same catfish introduced and used as this in the above-mentioned patents 1st. Depending on the type of lines or components, metal foil products can be used of varying widths, generally in the range of between about 3 inches to about 300 mm (1 foot) or above. The sheet metal product can be from 100 to 300 mm (4 to 12 inches) and above this to a depth of several EuB below the surface of the earth and at a suitable height above the underground Lines or components, as described, for example, in the above-mentioned OSA patent documents, be introduced. After the metal foil is in its final position above the lines or components and the trench or excavation is backfilled and is necessary for whatever reason

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is to tear open the ground again, for example, to the lines or components, accessible se brooks, can their presence and general locality In can easily be determined beforehand by means of electronic or similar metal lighting devices of a known type. Then digging or excavation can begin and the colored metal foil product will then take effect following the same general principles used in the above-mentioned patents are described · Ss can It should also be noted that, although the possibility, the presence and general local position of the colored Metal foil products to be determined beforehand by electronic or similar search devices, consists and of this can also be used to advantage if there is no need to tone this, because the installation has the double advantage of making searching easier on the one hand, but also in accordance with the principles of the above-mentioned patent specifications to offer protection if Gde & AuffIndene with the possibility electronic means are not used.

The prints are "fragile *, ^1" zerrelßbar "and" aerstörbar "interchangeably in the present description and In the claims and are intended to refer to the strength of the metal foil arranged to

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it should be that if in conventional digging Ib soil » for example in the course of excavation work, the laying of cables or construction elements or earthmoving work for other purposes by means of mechanical or Similar digging or excavation equipment, for example deep, shovel and trench excavators, the device in question Metal foil hits and it peeks out the teeth od. Like. Of the device in question, shear, tear off or destroy the metal foil and remove the foil from the Earth is torn up and pulled loose along several feet of its length. Bio printouts "Lines" and "Components" are used in the same sense as in U.S. Patents 3,282,057 and 3,115,861.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Procedure sum To facilitate the determination of the presence and location of an underground laid object or structural element »in which a trench is dug in the earth, the object or the building element is laid in it and above the laid object or building element can be removed Body is inserted, the color of which contrasts with that of the surrounding soil ” marked that the sersturbaTCyEorper on one or
Sheet, a sheet / band of metal foil with a thickness in the range of swiseheir / 5.0125 and about 0.1 mm (about 0.0005 and about 0.004 inch) and an adhesive, moisture-resistant to the ground Has coating on at least one surface. 2. Procedure for laying a pipe underground, in which the pipe is laid in a dug up trench or excavated earth, which is then filled up again is and in which when filling in an Im general predetermined depth in the BIh * of the line a display device is inserted, which 209833/0123 -15- from a tearable or tearable foil * - or strip-shaped Consists of material that has a color that contrasts the color of the specified soil, characterized in that the film or strip-shaped Material consists of a flexible metal foil, the thickness of which in the range vco between approx. 0.0125 and approx. 0.1 µm (about 0.0005 and about 0.004 inches) and the bsw. dae on both seldom one against moisture and influences of the soil resistant Obersug wearing. 3. The method according to claim 2, in which a trench of great longitudinal expansion is lifted, the line in The length of the trench is laid in this and the trench is partially filled, because it is marked, that the tearable or tearable sheet, Sheet or tape-like material is placed in the trench above the line and the trench is filled is carried out to the end. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal foil is a steel foil. 5 · The method according to claim 2, characterized in »that the metal foil is a non-annealed steel foil of a thickness of about 0.025 to 0.05 mm (0.001 to 0.002 inches). 209833/0123 _ ₁₆ _ 6 * * 0 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the coating is a pigmented color, which in turn is coated with a plastic piIm. 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the plastic film made of substantially transparent Made of polyethylene. ■ 8. The method according to claim '2, characterized in that the coating consists of a pigmented color »die in turn with essentially transparent polyethylene covered 1st. 9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the coating consists of colored plastic. 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the plastic is polyethylene or polypropylene '. 11. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the line consists of a non-metallic material. 12. Section installed in the ground where underground and above at least one component thereof, and about this lying _t a serstörbaror, colored body 209833/0123 "» D ORS.NAL -17- are which latter? is provided with a coloring, which stands out from the color of the soil indicated, characterized by the fact that the easily destructible Body made of a * sheet, a sheet or a band of flexible metal foil with a thickness of im Range from approx. 0.0125 to approx. 0.1 am (oa. 0.0005 to approx. 0.004 inch) and an adherent coating of moisture and soil influences resistant material on at least one surface. Filled earth trench, which is a duct of great length near the bottom and, between the line and the surface of the earth, generally above the Line lying, a tearable warning device in the form of a sheet, a sheet or a band containing a coloring that differs from the color of the surrounding soil takes off, thereby gekennseichnet that the warning device is made of a flexible metal foil too thick la range of between approx. 0.0125 and approx. 0.1 mm (approx. 0.0005 to approx. 0.004 inches) and both of them have an adhesive against moisture and EiaflUseen des UaJgO hen de η earth are able to withstand Cover wears " 209833/0123 "" ¹⁸ ~ 14 ·· Filled grave according to claim 13, characterized in that the metal foil is a non-annealed one
Steel foil with a thickness of between oa. 0.025 aod 0.05 Mi (approx. 0.001 and 0.002 inch) 1st 15 · Filled trench according to claim 14, characterized in that the overexposure is made of a pigmented color consists, in turn, with a film made of plastic ' is oversaturated. 16. Filled trench according to claim 15t, characterized in that that the plastic is polyethylene. 17 · Filled-in trench according to claim H _1, characterized in that the overhang is made of colored polyethylene
or propylene. w 18. Filled trench naoh claim 13. characterized in that the line is made of non-metallic Material. 209833/0123 BATH ORIGINAL