DE1759726A1 - Construction elements for hydraulic engineering made of reinforced bitumen - Google Patents

Description

DR. ELISABETH JUNG, DR. VOLKER VOSS! ÜS7 DIPL.-INU. UtHHAHD ÜÜLDEWEY

PATENT Attorneys A rj r Q rj λ λ

8 MONKS 23. SIEGESSTRASSE 26 · TELEFON 3450 87 ■ TELEGRAM ADDRESS: INVEN T / MDNCHEN

u.z .: D 322 (Fi / j / eb) 30, MaM968

BITUTiARIN HV
Zaltbommel, Netherlands

"Structural elements for hydraulic engineering reinforced ßitumen masses"

Priority; June 1, 1967, Hiederlande Registration no. 6707673

The invention relates to structural elements for hydraulic engineering reinforced bitumen masses or asphalt, which serve as water-impermeable or protective layers, and in particular such Components made from prefabricated sheets. "

In the above description and the λ claims, asphalt is understood to mean mixtures of bitumina with sand and / or rock flour and / or grit and / or filler, which can be processed into relatively thin layers in the heat. Such Gemieohe including so-called asphalt mastic are often used for Sohutz dos Grundes and sum cladding of embankments, beoken and waterways. Asphalt masses or layers can be applied directly, but this requires special precautions and means, for example a boiler of the type described in Dutch patent specification 100 337,

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the old man veraehan a drain with a narrowed mouth let. If such a device is not available, ao let ea provide, the Aaphaltnaeae is not available in place Use but at another location «especially in the form of prefabricated sheets». These prefabricated sheets can be rolled up into the water and transported to the place where they are laid out and connected to one another.

The prefabrication of tracks au · Aaphaltnaaaen let inebeaondere advantageous if the manufacturing conditions can be regulated more specifically, ala in the case of manufacturing at place of use.

When the bottom of the water and the lining of the waves against currents and waves are respected, are also billed in general separate amounts. The lower side of the cladding can be exposed to a hydroatatic pressure which, for example, is necessary after perforations in the cladding Be careful to avoid the plumbing “sew the disguise aaohiohtan eo strong, so that thea are also restaurant-like Oründen unapproachable let · currents, wave action and gravity exert pulling forces on the cladding au ·, dia on a no longer sustainable deformation of the asphalt maeee being able to lead. Aue the reasons and in view of the required tranport of the prefabricated tracks the Aaphaltmaeeen usually reinforced, wosu so far always a fabric or a Rets aua metal wire or rope

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embedded in a layer of asphalt mastic. Such a reinforcement has further advantages that the prefabricated Sheets can be attached to the embankment with it.

In practice, however, peat making sheets is what counts Asphalt masses in general and from marketed railways in the particular difficulties. One of the disadvantages is the inclination of the tracks, despite all precautionary measures to adhere to the work surface on which they are made. Another try is picking up the proportions flexible web and then letting go of the webs after they have been placed in their final place of use have been. The reinforcement and its application offer further problems o The reinforcement must withstand the tensile forces. However, rigid materials cannot be used for reinforcement as their properties do not match those of asphalt mastic, making it a material for reinforcement must be used in which a low elongation under the action of tension is paired with high flexibility. this has led to the fact that a lookeres reinforcement network is used in practice. This network, which is often made up of wires is made, is often difficult to keep in the correct position during the manufacture of the webs. About that In addition, it has been shown time and again in practice that tensile stress peaks occur at certain points in the asphalt mastic layer, through which the wires simply pull out of the Fascine drawn.

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The invention relates to structural elements for hydraulic engineering (with water-retaining or Schutewirkimg) made of armored Bitumen mas8s, characterized in that the reinforcing elements are sealed from a strip made of strips Braid.

With the help of such reinforcements, sheets of asphalt must be made. In these webs according to the invention can The reinforcement elements are embedded in the usual way, but the special advantages of this reinforcement come into their own when the reinforcement is only coated with the asphalt compound on one side.

Draw the reinforcement elements used according to the invention are particularly characterized by the fact that, on the one hand, they do not allow coarse sand to pass through and are sufficient for asphalt masses impermeable, but on the other hand are water-permeable. The practical impermeability of the reinforcing elements used according to the invention to sand is particular then an advantageous property when the asphalt mastic sheets have to be provided with passages to compensate for the hydrostatic pressure that is below easily build up the applied protective layer. The indurability for sand is still important, when waterproofing subterranean reservoirs, waterways or swimming pools embedded in the ground should be produced. In these cases, initially the reinforcement element can be designed to be flexible enough to match the shape of the surfaces to be clad

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BADORIGtNAL

to snuggle up to, and on the other hand stiff enough to remain in the form once it has been adopted. The required watertightness is achieved by covering the reinforcing elements with bitumen or a bitumen compound, for example by spraying or coating with a blown bitumen or a suitable mixture of bitumen and filler. Machines coated with bitumen or bitumen compounds in this way can also be prefabricated and transported, for example, rolled up into rolls «

The particular advantages of those used according to the invention Reinforcement elements are clearly evident in the production of asphalt sheets that are reinforced on one side. First one can, if one uses the reinforcement used according to the invention on the outside of the web, the reinforcement element can be used as a work surface, and secondly one can due to the impermeability of the reinforcement elements

For Aephaltmasscn the thus reinforced tracks for trem sport stand out without the experience has shown that because of the stickiness of such prefabricated tracks made of asphalt compounds giving difficulties arise. A significant advantage of webs reinforced in this way is that they can be lifted up by the reinforcement elements. Furthermore, in these coated fascines, the asphalt mass does not detach from the reinforcement element, since the above-mentioned points with increased tensile stress do not occur with them.

To prepare the calibration erfindungsgemüßen webs, it is recommended to let the reinforcing elements protrude beyond the edges of the web also. This measure enables

to anchor the sheets in a simple V / eise to the embankment. The protruding edge of the reinforcement element can be covered with a thinner or a tapered layer of asphalt, whereby an appropriate fit of the adjacent tracks can be achieved without the need for special connection structures «

If the membranes have to be permeable to water, then part or the entire layer of the asphalt mass can be made water-permeable instead of providing holes or perforations at regular intervals as was previously the case. This method, To achieve the required water permeability, has not been used so far, as this is the case with the previously used Reinforcement elements embedded in the sheet was not useful. If the reinforcement element on the If the underside of the web is attached, filters can also be placed on the reinforcement element before the asphalt mass is applied. These filters can also consist of other things Material than consist of asphalt lakes.

The webs of the invention, particularly water-permeable ones Lanes, are preferably combined with a layer of a sand-bitumen mixture, which is made of a soft Bitumen, which contains a special road oil, is made. This sand-bitumen mixture is used as a water-permeable, Deformable and slightly whale-resistant layer with a fairly high resistance to currents and waves Applied to the embankment to be protected or the bed of water to be protected and forms an ideal base

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for the prefabricated webs of the invention. If such a Sanä-bitumen mixture as a base for reinforced When using webs, the webs can be made quite thin. The layer of the sand-bitumen mixture prevents that sand migrates directly below the cladding.

Those used according to the invention as reinforcing elements Braids can consist of solid or tightly woven strips. A metal or a plastic can be used as the material and, if tightly woven strips are used also fiber optics. However, strips are preferred made of solid material>

The width and thickness of the strips can vary within wide limits. ”When choosing these dimensions, you should consider the desired flexibility, the stability of the finished reinforcement element and its required tensile strength and elongation, which in turn can vary depending on the intended use, are the decisive ones Viewpoints. The reinforcement elements of structural elements of the invention, which are to be used for cladding embankments or inclined surfaces, must for example consist of strips that have a higher tensile strength than strips for reinforcing elements for cladding a horizontal surface

Case reinforcement elements of structural elements of the invention consist of metal strips, the material of these strips should preferably be a corrosion-resistant metal. aluminum

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eats particularly suitable. When using the band values in highly corrosive water, 8.B. in lake water, it is It is advantageous to cover the metal strips with a corrosion protection layer EU, e.g. with a thin layer of bitumen

For reinforcement elements of components made of plastic, temperature-resistant plastics are preferred, those used when applying the Asphaltmastixsfhirth +. «To be able to withstand the rise in temperature without suffering an inadmissibly high loss of tensile strength. Plastics with a softening temperature of 135 ^° C. or more, such as polypropylene, polyamides and polyacetals, are suitable.

Of the polypropylenes, those with a limit visco si tat (LVH) of 1 »6, in particular from 2.5 to 3.5» and with a content of 60 to 95 1 » is ο tactical units are preferred. A particularly favorable material is stretched polypropylene with a degree of stretching from 1 «5 to It15, in particular Itθ to It10.

The examples illustrate the invention. example 1

A tightly woven mat 30 meters long and 12 meters wide 4 cm wide and 0.02 approx thick aluminum strip is coated with a 10 cm thick asphalt · mastic layer. The asphalt mastic consists of 10 % By weight * bitumen of the type 80/100, 50% by weight limestone gravel with a grain size of 8 to 16 mm, 30.5 wt .-? 6 sand

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aue 2/3 Xalkateineand with a grain size of 1 to 5 mm and 1/5 dune sand, as well as 9.5 Qew.H * filler (Kalketein flour). D * sr bituminous is applied at a temperature of 120 ⁰ C. After the asphalt mastic has cooled down, the finished sheet is lifted at lifting points located below the reinforcement element. Leg lifting is ■ to determine that the web does not stick to the support, ATTF is because · Yerst & was designed rkungselsaant and verifiable DAFL the Aaphaltaiaatireohiuht not detach from the gain.

Example 2

A tightly woven tomcat, 30 meters long and 12 wide

Mat with vertically overlapping aluminum strips

old ice width tone 4 and a thickness ron 0.02 ca becomes old a 20 ob strong layer of a water-permeable

Asphalt aasse coated. The Asphal cup is as follows

■ usaosengeeetiti

4 Oew.-Ji Bituaen of type ΘΟΛΟΟ; 4 Osw.-ίί Tülls toff (IaIketeinashl) f 12 Gew.-J * grain graded tape and 80 Gew .- ^ Grit old of a lörnung τοη 5-Θ approx.

laoh dee cooling IKSt eioh the web produced in this way without Difficulties stand out from the work surface.

Example 3

The winds and the orund of a swimming pool dug out of the ground with a base area of 830 m ² and a depth of 0.5 to 3.0 m are covered with a densely woven fabric.

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Braid is clad in vertically overlapping aluminum strips with a width of 4 and a thickness of 0.02 approx. This aluminum strip braid is applied in the form of 4 meter roast mats, which are laid out on the floor or attached to the walls so that they overlap somewhat. The floor of the swimming pool is then finished by applying a 3 µm thick layer of hot asphalt maaaee (50% by weight to 5 pounds of bitumen and 50% by weight of -4 PiUIbtoff (limestone powder)) to the aluminum mesh. A 2 mm thick layer of blown bitumen of the type R 85/100 is sprayed onto the walls.

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Claims (1)

Patent application 1 «Construction elements for hydraulic engineering made of reinforced bitumen areas, characterized in that the reinforcing elements consist of a dense mesh made of strips. 2. Components according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing elements are made from solid strips. 3. Components according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in ₉ that the reinforcing elements consist of a braid made of aluminum strips. 4. Components according to claim 3> characterized in that that the reinforcing elements made of a dense braid of 0.02 to 0.04 cm thick and 3 to 5 cm wide Consist of aluminum strips 5 · Components according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that that the aluminum strips that make up the reinforcement elements with a corrosion inhibitor Are coated. 6. Components according to claim 5, characterized in that that the aluminum strips that make up the reinforcing elementβ 109827/0291 consist, m: i.i; UitumeJi eis Xorrorior.anchutzmittol coated are. 7,? E} 'Qtär3iuti _o 3Qlement0 according to Awvvvi + 1 and 2, thereby ßökennaelehnet, clafl the reinforcement line aue a dense ^ eiie AiZ ffo ;? Plastic atre *>? Pn consist. 8, components according to claim 7, characterized in that c: - S & ÖIE VeretärkungeeliiBj n + .e eue Folypropylcnetreifen \ - <r are!. 9, Bnuelements according to claim G, characterized in that diiß die VerstH. ^: iWif-3rlfrüeni; e made of polypropylene with a (r: 'Gn ?, viscosity of 1-6 and an isotactic content Units from 80 to 95 f 'exist. jfl. Structural elements according to Claim 9, characterized in that that the reinforcement elements made of polypropylene with a Border viscosities from 2.5 to 5.5 exist- 11. Components according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that the reinforcement elements aue with a degree of stretching consist of Ij5 bio 1:15 stretched polypropylene. 12. Components according to claim 11, characterized gekenneelehnet, that the Veret ^ rkungselemente from one with a Beckgrad consist of 1i8 to 1:10 stretched polypropylene. Vj "components according to one of the Aiiaprü.ehe 1-12, thereby ge. 109Η2 7 / Π291 BAD ORIGINAL A3 · ■ indicates that ax mil; blown bitumen waa «erdich \; are made " l \ o construction elements according to one of the A? - '. i>..> .. ha 1-12 _P thereby g 3kQiin.selft that they are only pre-gor'erti / j'can' lanes "on one side with the bituminous compound" Joined insurance elements existed. Reinforcement elements smelled Anop ^ u-ih Ii, dadtuch marked that the Böochichttins ϋ.ο? Vorstarkkanjisolemonte consists of an asphaltnitiötlx. 16, components NaOH to claim 14 and 15, characterized in that webs are either üXe ateilonweioe or completely wasserdurchläasig " 17 »Components naoh Anap.cuoh 16, marked by., that the coating in the water-resistant places the track consists of water-permeable Aaphaitmaase. BATH 109827/0291