IL30615A - Locating elements of construction beneath the surface of earth soils - Google Patents
Locating elements of construction beneath the surface of earth soilsInfo
- Publication number
- IL30615A IL30615A IL30615A IL3061568A IL30615A IL 30615 A IL30615 A IL 30615A IL 30615 A IL30615 A IL 30615A IL 3061568 A IL3061568 A IL 3061568A IL 30615 A IL30615 A IL 30615A
- Authority
- IL
- Israel
- Prior art keywords
- earth
- soil
- trench
- metal foil
- line
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182714 Excavatin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012939 laminating adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
- F16L1/024—Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground
- F16L1/06—Accessories therefor, e.g. anchors
- F16L1/11—Accessories therefor, e.g. anchors for the detection or protection of pipes in the ground
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
- F16L9/125—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement electrically conducting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G9/00—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
- H02G9/02—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water laid directly in or on the ground, river-bed or sea-bottom; Coverings therefor, e.g. tile
- H02G9/025—Coverings therefor, e.g. tile
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S116/00—Signals and indicators
- Y10S116/14—Tapes as carriers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Description
ypnpn ?3s^ nnna naao m n^ ηιη'κ Locating elements of construction beneath the surface of earth soils QORDON H. ALLEN LOCATING ELEMENTS OP CONSTRUCTION BENEATH THE SURFACE OF EARTH SOILS Abstract of tho Disclosure Locating of lines or elements of construction, such as telephone cables, gas mains, sewer lines, water mains and "electric service lines burled beneath the surface of the earth, by disposing above said lines or elements of construction and below the surface of the earth a colored, flexible metal foil product, particularly a steel foil in sheet or tape form and protected against corrosion, the presence and general location of said meta-L foil being detectable from above the surface of the earth by electronic or like detecting devices.
This invention relates to facilitating determining the presence. and location of lines or elements of construction disposed beneath the surface of earth soils in order to avoid damagin said lines or elements of construction when subsequently excavatin or digging into the earth.
It has heretofore been known, as disclosed in my U. S. Patent No. 3,115,8βΐ, to facilitate the location, beneath the surface of earth soils and the like, of elements of construction, such as wires,, cables, conduit, sewer pipes and sewer connections valves and like elements of construction, by digging a trench or providing an excavation" in the earth, placing or locatin an element of construction therein, then placing thereabove a readily frangible colored body the color of which contrasts with the surrounding earth soil, and then filling or backfilling said trench or excavation with earth. The important, practical advantages of such procedures are disclosed in my aforesaid patent, and the principles disclosed and taught therein have gone into widespread use. In U. S. Patent No. 3,282,057, the employment, specifically! of colored plastic sheets or tapes, such as those made of pol ethylene, is shown, which is an embodiment of a colored frangible] body, being adapted to be torn when pulled up, for instance, by a mechanical digger or the like in connection with an excavation operation. In actual commercial operations, said colored sheets or tapes have been used as the embodiment of said colored frangible bodies.
Although such colored plastic sheets or tapes have been widely and successfully used, in the manner described in the aforesaid patents, to facilitate the location of elements of construction beneath the surface of earth soils and to avoid accidental destruction and damage which commonly occur when such elements are inadvertently and unknowingly encountered .when diggiji beneath the surface of the earth, there are, nevertheless, certain shortcomings in the use of said plastic sheets and tapes which the art has not succeeded in satisfactorily overcoming.
A major shortcoming of the use of colored plastic sheets or tapes, in the manner described, for instance, in U. S. Patent No. 3,282,057, is the fact that its presence beneath the earth surface cannot be ascertained by any detecting instruments operated from above the surface of earth and is revealed only in connection with a digging operation. The problem is particularly acute in those instances where' the lines or elements of construction are nonmetallic, as in the case of clay, ceramic, concrete or plastic pipe and conduit, for, in such cases, electronic or like metal detectors fail to reveal the presence of such lines or elements of construction.
Various suggestions have been made to attempt to meet this problem. One of such suggestions, for instance, has been to mark the plastic sheet or' tape electromagnetically so that it would be possible to locate and trace the buried lines or elemental of construction 'with electronic detecting devices operating from above the surface of the earth. This, and various other sugges-tions involving the same or similar concepts, and also involving other approaches, have not proved to be practical and none of such suggestions, so far as .1 am aware, has come into any use.
It has also heretofore been known, as shown in British Patent No. 410,900, to provide underground installations wherein a trench is excavated, a line or element of construction, such as a cable, is placed therein, and the trench is backfilled, a steel tape or sheet being positioned several inches above the cable to protect it, said steel tape or sheet functioning as an armor whereby damage to the cable is prevented by any digging or similar operations after the underground installation has been made. Such procedure is unrelated to the. objectives of my present] invention and is ineffective to achieve the results of my invention. invention results in a practical, effective and economical solution to the problem discussed above. I have found that a frangible, flexible metal foil, in the form of a sheet or tape, carrying a color to contrast with the color of the earth, soil adjacent the lines or elements of construction so that said colors are readily visually distinguishable from each other, and wherein said metal foil is protected against moisture and oxidation or other deterioration when buried in the earth soil, can effectively be utilized and its presence and general location can readily be determined by means of conventional types of electronic or like metal detection devices operating from the surface of the earth. Thus, before any digging or excavation is performed, the presence and general location of the metal foil sheet or tape and, hence, the presence and location of the nonmetallic line or element of construction, can be ascertained, and the operator of the digging or excavation equipment forewarned. Various detectors which can be used are, for ^instance, the detector sold under the trade designation Metrotech Pipe and Cable Locator and the 220-A etrotech Valve Box Locator, or a standard Dipping Needle. Equipment of such and other types operate, above the surface of the earth, on inductive and conductive principles to provide strong signals indicating the presence and general location of metallic lines beneath the surface of the earth.
The present invention finds its greatest utility, as has been indicated above, in those environments where the lines or elements of construction which may be sought to be located are made of nonmetallic materials.
While various metal foils can be utilized the presence and location of which can be determined by electronic or like detecting devices, as, for instance, copper foil, aluminum foil, nickel foil and so-called tin foil, I have- found it to be especiall advantageous to employ foils made from steels, particularly a tin-coated steel foil. The thickness of the metal foil is somewhat variable but, in general, it is desirable to use a foil having a thickness in the range of about 0.0005 to about 0.004 inches, excellent results being obtained with an approximately 0.001 to 0.002 inch thick foil made b further cold rolling a conventional tin-coated mill gauge cold rolled steel. Generally speaking, for best results, the steel foil should not be annealed since annealing tends to adversely affect the fully desired flexibility of the steel foil. .
It is important that the metal foil, and particularly the steel foil, be protected against moisture and oxidation or other attack and also that it be provided with a coloring which contrasts with the color of. the earth soil surrounding or adjacent to the buried lines or elements of construction. To this end, the steel foil, for instance, can be painted on at least one side and,bette still, on both sides with a long-lasting moisture- and oxidation-resistant polyester paint. If desired, the resulting painted foil can be imprinted with any desired indicia such as, for instance, are now commercially used on polyethylene tapes employed in the manner disclosed pursuant to the teachings of the aforementioned patents. Steel foils, as rolled, commonly have an oil coating. Care should be taken that said oil coating does not interfere with the proper adherence of paint or othe coatings to the steel foil. Thus, for instance, generally speaking, the oil level should no exceed about 1 gram per base box. Where the oil coating interferes with the application and adherence of the paint or synthetic plastic .coating, it should be removed by washing and then drying. In any event, the painted metal ■ foil,I imprinted or not, is then advantageously coated or covered on at least one side and, better still, on both sides, by extrusion, laminating or other coating techniques, with a thin film, for inst|a of a thickness of about 0.0005 to 0.003 inch, especially about 0. 001 inch, of a substantially transparent plastic which is resistant to deterioration in contact with- moisture and other materials present in the earth soil, polyethylene being particularl desirable. The polyethylene or like plastic film serves as further protectant of the steel foil and it also serves as a. protectant for the paint, when applied over the paint, against any possible deterioration or breakdown thereof when disposed in contact with the earth soil. No novelty is claimed in the compositions of the paints, numerous ormulations being available for this purpose. The term "paints," as used herein and in the claims, is intended to cover coating compositions broadly which are colored with pigments or dyes, as the case ma be, and encompasses not onljy paints proper but, also, lacquers, varnishes and similar coating compositions. An illustrative coating which has been found to be very satisfactory is a ' thermosetting vinyl coating sold under the designation S-2770 (Mobil Chemical Company) which can be obtained in various colors. It may also be noted that, where the metal foil inherently has a coloration which would contrast with the color of surrounding or adjacent earth soil in which it would be embedded, then the application of a separate coloratio thereto is not necessary. However, in the usual case, it will be found to be desirable actually to provide a coloration to the metal foil through the medium of a paint or a colored plastic film, as described herein. In any event, the term "coloring" is used generically, except as may other-wise specifically be stated, to j encompass the color of the metal foil where it contrasts with I earth soil so as to be readily visually distinguishable therefrom Instead of painting the steel foil, -or other metal foil, with a paint, the metal foil can be coated on both sides or encased in a colored or pigmented synthetic plastic of any desired color, for instance, yellow, red, orange or green, for instance, a film, of the thickness set forth above, of polyethylene or polypropylene, and then said plastic film may be imprinted if desired, Alternatively, a film of colored polyethylene or polypropylene, having a thickness of the order of about 0.001 to 0.002 inch, can initially be imprinted and then laminated onto opposite sides of a steel foil of a thickness of the order of 0.001 to 0.002 inch. VJhere laminating procedures are' used, such should be done employin a laminating adhesive, of which many are available commercially. A particularly satis actory polyethylene for use in the adhesive laminating procedure is that sold commercially under the trade designation DA-3203 (Union Carbide Corporation) . Particularly satis actory polyethylenes for use in the extrusion or hot plastic: procedure are those sold u.nder the .trade designations Copolymer DQDA 2300 (Union Carbide Corporation) and ΖΞ ΑΡΙΝ Copolymer QX-3023-17 (Dow Chemical Company). Other synthetic plastics and protective coatings which are resistant to moisture and deterioration in earth soils can, of course, be used, among wh ch -may be mentioned polyvinylidene chloride. (Saran) , polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate-butyrate, polystyrene; and acrylonitrile, for instance, that sold under the trade designation 50 S 331 Film - ^- 6-1^ Vistron Cor oration and lass or ceramic t e In use, the metal foil product described above, in the form of sheets or tapes, is applied in the same manner and utilizing the principles disclosed in the aforementioned patents. Depending upon the nature of the lines or elements of construction; variable widths of the metal foil product can be used, these generally ranging from about 3 inches in width to a foot or more in width. The metal foil product may be buried from to 12 or more inches, o several feet beneath the surface of the earth and at an appropriate height above the lines or elements of construction, as described, for instance, in the aforementioned U. S. patents. After the metal foil proauct is installed in position overlying the lines or elements of construction and the trench or excavation backfilled, if, for any reason, it is necessary thereafter to dig into the earth, say to reach the lines or elements of construction, their presence and general location can first be ascertained very simply by means of known types of electronic or like metal detection devices. Then, the digging or excavation can be begun and the colored metal foil product will function in accordance with the same broad principles disclosed in the aforementioned patents . It may also be noted that, although the presence and general location of the colored metal foil products can and advantageously is first ascertained by electronic or like detection devices, it is not necessary that this be done because the installation affords the dual purposes of detectability and also the protective function following the principles of said aforementioned patents where electronic detectability is not utilized.
The terms . "frangible, " "tearable" and "rupturable" are used interchangeably herein and in the claims to mean that the strength of the metal foil is such that, in conventional digging into the soil, in connection, for instance, with excavating, laying lines or elements of constructions or cutting into the earth for an other reasons, by means of mechanical or similar digging or excavating equipment, such as backhoes and trenchers, if the metal foil is struck and pulled up by such equipment, the teeth or the like on such equipment v/ill shear, sever or break the metal foil and said foil will be ripped from the earth and be pulled loose for several feet along its length. The terras "lines" and "elements of construction" are used herein in the same sense in .which they have bee as set forth in the aforementioned U. S. Patents Nos. 3,282,057 and 3,115,861, respectively. 30615/2
Claims (18)
1. In a method of facilitating the determination of the presence and the location of an element of construction disposed beneath the surface of the earth which inoludes the steps of digging a trench in the earth* providing a element of construction therein, placing a frangible colored body in said trench and overlying said element o construction and In which said frangible body has a coloring thereon whioh contrasts with the color of the surrounding earth soil, the improvement in which said frangible colored body comprises a sheet or tape of a flexible metal foil having a thickness in the range of about 0.0005 ϋσ about 0.004 inch and carrying an adherent moisture- and soil-resistant coating on at least one surface thereof.
2. In a method for the installation of a line beneath the surface o the earth in which the line is placed within an excavation and subsequently backfilled and wherein there is included in the backfill at a generally predetermined level adjacent the line an indicating means comprising a tearable or rupturable sheet or tape bearing a coloring thereon which contrasts with the color of the surrounding earth soil, the improvement in which the said sheet or tape is made of a flexible metal foil having a thickness in the range of about 0.0005 to about 0.004 inch and carrying an adherent moisture- and soil-resistant coating on both surfaces thereof.
3. A method according to Claim 2,wherein an elongated trench is first excavated, the line is placed longitudinally along and within said trench, the trenoh is partially backfilled, the tearable or rupturable sheet or tape is placed in said 30615/2
4. A method according to Claim 1» in which the metal foil is a steel foil.
5. A method according to Claim 2, in which the metal foil is a non-annealed steel foil having a thickness of about 0.001 to 0,002 inch,
6. A method according to Claim 4, in which the coating is a pigmented paint which, in turn, is ooated with a film of a synthetic plastic,
7. A method according to Claim 5» i which the synthetic plastic film is substantially transparent polyethylene.
8. A method according to Claim 2, in which the Said coating comprises a pigmented paint which, in turn, is coated with a substantially transparent polyethylene.
9. method according to Claim 2, in which the said coating comprises a colored synthetio plastic.
10. method according to Claim 9» in which the synthetic plastic is polyethylene or polypropylene,
11. A method according to Claim 2, in which the line is made of a nonmetallic material.
12. In an area of earth soil which carries beneath the surface thereof at least one element of construction and frangible colored body beneath said surface and located above and overlying said element of construction, said frangible body having a coloring thereon which contrasts with the color of the surrounding earth soil, the improvement in which said readily frangible colored body comprises a sheet or tape of flexible metal foil having a thickness in the range of about 0.0005 to about 0.004 inch and carrying an adherent moisture- and soil-resietant coating on at least one surface thereof. 30615/2 - 12 -
13. In a backfilled trench in the earth having an elongated line adjacent the bottom thereof and, positioned intermediate said line and the surface of the earth, and generally overlying said line, a tearable or rupturable indicating sheet or tape bearing a coloring thereon which contrasts with the color of the surrounding earth soil, the improvement in which the, said sheet or tape is made of a flexible metal foil havin a thickness in the range of about 0.0005 to about 0.004 inch and carrying an adherent moisture-and soil-resistant coatin on both surfaces thereof.
14. A backfilled trench according to Claim 13, in which the metal foil is a non-annealed steel foil having a thickness of about 0.001 to 0.002 inch.
15. A backfilled trench according to Claim 14, in which the coating is a pigmented paint which,, in turn, is coated with a film of a synthetic plastic.
16. A backfilled trench according to Claim 15, in which the synthetic plastic is polyethylene,.
17. A backfilled trench according to Claim 14, in which the said coating is a color polyethylene or propylene.
18. A backfilled trench according to Claim 13, in which the line is made of a nonmetalllc material. RS IS:OB
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US66521467A | 1967-09-05 | 1967-09-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| IL30615A0 IL30615A0 (en) | 1968-10-24 |
| IL30615A true IL30615A (en) | 1972-07-26 |
Family
ID=24669197
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL30615A IL30615A (en) | 1967-09-05 | 1968-08-23 | Locating elements of construction beneath the surface of earth soils |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3504503A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE720179A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1775603A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK128589B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1578604A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1220166A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL30615A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6812573A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE347782B (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3908582A (en) * | 1973-08-23 | 1975-09-30 | Griffolyn Company Inc | Warning underground sheathed tape |
| FR2393441A1 (en) * | 1977-06-03 | 1978-12-29 | Lebec Emmanuel | Ground connection for leakage warning system - consists of two interwoven matrixes, one having warning colour |
| US4573829A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-03-04 | Keene Terrell M | Plastic-pipe locator tool |
| US4623282A (en) * | 1984-12-12 | 1986-11-18 | Allen Gordon H | Locating elements of construction beneath the surface of earth soils |
| SE500440C2 (en) * | 1985-12-03 | 1994-06-27 | Reef Ind Inc | Edge sealed marking tape containing a metal foil layer |
| US4699838A (en) * | 1985-12-03 | 1987-10-13 | Reef Industries, Inc. | Reinforced metallic and polymer tape |
| US4988236A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1991-01-29 | Reef Industries, Inc. | Polymeric tape with biocide |
| US5178495A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1993-01-12 | Reef Industries, Inc. | Polymeric film with biocide |
| US4949664A (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1990-08-21 | Thor Enterprises, Inc. | Warning tape for underground lines |
| GB2231448B (en) * | 1989-03-08 | 1992-03-25 | Boddingtons Limited | A detectable warning tape |
| US5122750A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1992-06-16 | Schonstedt Instrument Company | Methods employing permanent magnets for marking, locating, tracing and identifying hidden objects such as buried fiber optic cables |
| US5017873A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1991-05-21 | Schonstedt Instrument Company | Methods and apparatus employing permanent magnets for marking, locating, tracing and identifying hidden objects such as buried fiber optic cables |
| US5006806A (en) * | 1989-03-15 | 1991-04-09 | Schonstedt Instrument Company | Methods and apparatus employing permanent magnets for marking, locating, tracing and identifying hidden objects such as burried fiber optic cables |
| US5051034A (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1991-09-24 | Gas Research Institute | Magnetically detectable plastic pipe |
| US5988227A (en) * | 1998-03-20 | 1999-11-23 | Tuff-N-Nuff Industries | Protective shield for elongated underground utilities |
| US6609855B1 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2003-08-26 | At&T Corp. | Color-pigmented utility conveyance |
| KR102406308B1 (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2022-06-08 | 이에이에스, 아이피, 엘엘씨 | signal tape |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB410900A (en) * | 1932-12-23 | 1934-05-31 | County Of London Electric Supp | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for laying underground cables |
| US2718684A (en) * | 1951-03-05 | 1955-09-27 | Bjorksten Johan | Pipelaying method and machine |
| US3115861A (en) * | 1960-02-29 | 1963-12-31 | J L Tremper | Locating elements of construction beneath the surface of earth soils |
| US3132416A (en) * | 1961-03-14 | 1964-05-12 | Fmc Corp | Method of and apparatus for manufacturing and installing continuous conduit |
| US3282057A (en) * | 1961-07-12 | 1966-11-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Underground line and method of installing same |
| US3193432A (en) * | 1962-03-30 | 1965-07-06 | Alex Sabin Baines | Apparatus for forming tubing from flexible resilient strip material |
| US3327484A (en) * | 1965-01-14 | 1967-06-27 | Tooth H & L Co | Tape laying plow |
| US3339369A (en) * | 1965-10-14 | 1967-09-05 | F B Ryan Mfg Company | Identification tape plow |
-
1967
- 1967-09-05 US US665214A patent/US3504503A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1968
- 1968-08-23 IL IL30615A patent/IL30615A/en unknown
- 1968-08-28 DE DE19681775603 patent/DE1775603A1/en active Pending
- 1968-08-29 FR FR1578604D patent/FR1578604A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-08-30 GB GB41547/68A patent/GB1220166A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-08-30 BE BE720179D patent/BE720179A/xx unknown
- 1968-09-04 SE SE11882/68A patent/SE347782B/xx unknown
- 1968-09-04 NL NL6812573A patent/NL6812573A/xx unknown
- 1968-09-05 DK DK425168AA patent/DK128589B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IL30615A0 (en) | 1968-10-24 |
| BE720179A (en) | 1969-02-03 |
| US3504503A (en) | 1970-04-07 |
| DE1775603A1 (en) | 1972-08-10 |
| FR1578604A (en) | 1969-08-14 |
| NL6812573A (en) | 1969-03-07 |
| SE347782B (en) | 1972-08-14 |
| DK128589B (en) | 1974-05-27 |
| GB1220166A (en) | 1971-01-20 |
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