DE1660768A1 - Process for the production of textile surface structures, in particular needled paper machine felts, without a base fabric or reinforcing inserts - Google Patents

Process for the production of textile surface structures, in particular needled paper machine felts, without a base fabric or reinforcing inserts

Info

Publication number
DE1660768A1
DE1660768A1 DE19651660768 DE1660768A DE1660768A1 DE 1660768 A1 DE1660768 A1 DE 1660768A1 DE 19651660768 DE19651660768 DE 19651660768 DE 1660768 A DE1660768 A DE 1660768A DE 1660768 A1 DE1660768 A1 DE 1660768A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fibers
adhesive
felt
nonwovens
needled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19651660768
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wilhelm Schuster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Filztuchverwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Filztuchverwaltungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Filztuchverwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Filztuchverwaltungs GmbH
Publication of DE1660768A1 publication Critical patent/DE1660768A1/en
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/488—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with bonding agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/655—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions characterised by the apparatus for applying bonding agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • D21F7/083—Multi-layer felts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24124—Fibers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2481—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including layer of mechanically interengaged strands, strand-portions or strand-like strips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24826—Spot bonds connect components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

GR/lta - 7/65 LZ_X* ■*-*·***UIm j 11 ο Februar 1965GR / lta - 7/65 L Z_ X * ■ * - * · *** UIm j 11 ο February 1965

Verfahren zur Herstellung textiler Flächengebilde, insbesondere genadelte Papiermaschinenfilze, ohne Grundgewebe oder verstärkende Einlagen Process for the production of textile fabrics, in particular needled paper machine felts, without a base fabric or reinforcing inserts

Es ist bekannt, sogenannte synthetische Filze herzustellen, bei denen Faservliese aus verschiedenen Faserarten miteinander vernadelt werden, wonach das so entstandene Vlies zwecks Verfestigung einem Schrumpfungsprozess unterworfen wird. It is known to produce so-called synthetic felts, in which fiber fleeces made of different types of fibers are needled together, after which the fleece formed in this way is subjected to a shrinkage process for the purpose of consolidation.

Es ist ferner bekannt, die Fasern von auf Krempeln oder aerodynamisch hergestellten Faservliesen mittels Latex, aufgedüster Klebertröpfchen, Anlösen der Oberfläche mit Lösungsmitteln, Schmelzfasern oder Kleberfäden miteinander zu verbinden.It is also known that the fibers of carded or aerodynamically produced nonwovens by means of latex, thickened adhesive droplets, loosening of the surface with Solvents, melt fibers or glue threads to connect with each other.

109829/0343109829/0343

Nach einem anderen Verfahren wird ein genadeltes Vlies einer Schrumpfungsbehandlung unterworfen, anschließend mit einer Bindemittellösung getränkt, vor der Verflüchtigung des Lösungsmittels mit Wasser behandelt und danach getrocknet.Another method is a needled fleece subjected to a shrinkage treatment, then soaked with a binder solution, before volatilization the solvent treated with water and then dried.

Nach diesen und ähnlichen Verfahren hergestellte non wovens (ungewebte Stoffe) werden in der Textilindustrie verwendet oder weiterverarbeitet, z.Bo zu Kunstleder durch Aufbringen einer Kunststoffschicht ο Die Bemühungen, aus ihnen z.B, Papiermaschinenfilze herzustellen, waren bisher erfolglos, da non wovens eine nur geringe Reißfestigkeit und eine viel zu große Dehnung haben»Non-wovens (non-woven fabrics) produced using these and similar processes are used in the textile industry used or further processed, e.g. into artificial leather by applying a plastic layer ο The efforts to produce paper machine felts from them, for example have been unsuccessful so far, since non-wovens have only a low tear resistance and a lot too to have great stretch "

Bei einem Papiermaschinenfilz hat das Grundgewebe die Aufgabe, den Flor zu tragen und dem Filz Formstabilität und Festigkeit vor allem gegenüber der Zugbeanspruchung zu verleihen. In vieler Hinsicht ist das Grundgewebe jedoch störend, z.B. wenn der Filz, der als endliches Stück hergestellt wird, zu einer endlosen Bahn zusammengefügt werden muß. Hier nimmt das Einziehen jedes einzelnen Grundgewebefadens des einen Filztuchendes in das gegenüberliegende Ende sehr viel Zeit in Anspruch.In the case of a paper machine felt, the basic fabric has the task of supporting the pile and providing the felt with dimensional stability and to give strength above all to tensile stress. In many ways, this is the basic fabric however disturbing, e.g. when the felt, which is produced as a finite piece, is joined together to form an endless web must become. Here the pulling in of each individual base fabric thread takes on one end of the felt cloth the opposite end takes a long time to complete.

Auch in anderer Hinsicht stellt das Grundgewebe einen Kompromiß dar. Um der bei der Papierherstellung auftretenden Zugbeanspruchung zu widerstehen, müssen die Kettfäden entsprechend fest und dick sein. Der auf das Grundgewebe aufgebrachte Flor muß zumindest so dick sein, daß sich das Grundgewebe nicht durchdrückt und auf der Papierbahn markiert. The base fabric also represents a compromise in other respects. In order to withstand the tensile stresses occurring in paper manufacture, the warp threads must be correspondingly strong and thick. The pile applied to the base fabric must be at least so thick that the base fabric does not penetrate and mark on the paper web.

109829/0343109829/0343

Seit langer Zeit sucht man deshalb ein Grundmaterial, das keine nachteiligen Eigenschaften hat«, So wird nach einem neuen Verfahren anstelle eines Grundgewebes eine große Anzahl von parallelen Fäden verwendet, auf die ein Faserflor genadelt wird. Aber auch dieses Verfahren befriedigt nicht völlig.For a long time, people have been looking for a base material that does not have any disadvantageous properties «, So will after a new method instead of a backing fabric uses a large number of parallel threads on the a fiber pile is needled. But this process is not entirely satisfactory either.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren, durch welches die beschriebenen Mängel vermieden werden.The present invention relates to a method by means of which the deficiencies described are avoided.

So wurde nun gefunden, daß man einen ausreichend festen und maßstabilen Filz ohne Grundgewebe oder verstärkende oder verfestigende Einlagen herstellen kann, indem man mehrere Faservliese mit gerichteten Fasern so übereinanderlegt, daß die Fasern von Vlies zu Vlies vorzugsweise im rechten Winkel zueinander liegen. Besonders gut eignen sich hierfür Vliese mit einem Flächengewicht von 20 bis 150 g/m . Die Bahn aus mehreren Faservliesen wird von einer oder von beiden Seiten mittels einer Nadelmaschine genadelt. Die verwendete Nadelart, der Vorschub, die Einstichtiefe der Nadeln und die Zahl der Einstiche pro Quadratzentimeter sind von Faserdicke, Vliesdicke und gewünschtem Zustand des fertigen Nadelfilzes abhängig.So it has now been found that you can have a sufficiently strong and dimensionally stable felt without a backing or reinforcing or can produce strengthening inserts by laying several nonwovens with oriented fibers on top of one another in such a way that that the fibers of fleece to fleece are preferably at right angles to each other. Particularly Nonwovens with a weight per unit area of 20 to 150 g / m 2 are well suited for this. The web made of several fiber fleeces is needled from one or both sides using a needle machine. The type of needle used, the Feed, the penetration depth of the needles and the number of Punctures per square centimeter depend on the fiber thickness, fleece thickness and the desired condition of the finished needle felt addicted.

Nach dem Nadeln der endlosen Faserbahn wird diese je nach Faserart sehr kräftig gereckt, um einen großen Teil der ineinander verschlungenen Fasern in einen gespannten Zustand zu bringen. Zur weiteren Verfestigung werden die Filzfasern der einen oder beider Seiten mittels eines wasserunlöslichen elastischen Klebers, z.B. Butadien-Acrylnitril oder 2-Chlorbutadien gegebenenfalls so miteinander verbunden, daß Wasser noch ungehindert durch den Filz dringen kann.After the endless fiber web has been needled, it is stretched very vigorously, depending on the type of fiber, around a large one To bring part of the intertwined fibers into a tensioned state. For further consolidation the felt fibers on one or both sides are attached using a water-insoluble elastic adhesive, e.g. butadiene-acrylonitrile or 2-chlorobutadiene possibly combined with one another in such a way that water is still unhindered can penetrate the felt.

109829/0343109829/0343

Für das Aufbringen des Klebers eignen sich die bisher bekannten Verfahren nicht. Entweder dringt der Kleber nicht genügend tief in den Filz ein, wie beim Auftragen mit Sprühdüsen, oder er wird unkontrolliert tief in den Filz aufgesogen, wie beim Tauch- oder Tränkverfahren„ Daher muß, sofern der erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Filz als Papiermaschinenfilz verwendet werden soll, dieser nur von einer Seite mit einer gleichmäßig dicken Schicht eines wasserunlöslichen elastischen Klebstoffes versehen, darauf zusammengepreßt und anschließend auf der mit Klebstoff beschichteten Seite mit einem scharfen Preßluftstrahl behandelt werden. Hierbei verteilt sich der das organische Lösungsmittel noch enthaltende Klebstoff unter Zerreißung der gegebenenfalls gebildeten Klebstoffhäutchen derart in dem Filz, daß der Klebstoff sich nach Aufhebung des Preßdrucks und nach der Behandlung mit der Preßluft nur noch an den einzelnen Fasern und besonders an deren Punkten ihrer gegenseitigen Berührung befindet.The previously known methods are not suitable for applying the adhesive. Either the glue won't penetrate Sufficiently deep into the felt, as when applying with spray nozzles, or it gets deep into the felt in an uncontrolled manner absorbed, as in the dipping or soaking process “Hence if the felt produced according to the invention is to be used as a paper machine felt, this only has to be done provided on one side with an evenly thick layer of a water-insoluble elastic adhesive, then pressed together and then on the side coated with adhesive with a sharp one Compressed air jet are treated. The organic solvent still containing the organic solvent is distributed here Adhesive with tearing of the adhesive skin which may have formed in such a way in the felt that the adhesive after releasing the pressure and after treatment with the compressed air only on the individual fibers and especially at their points of mutual contact.

Das Aufbringen des Klebstoffes z.B. auf den Papiermaschinenfilz kann in beliebiger Weise, z.B. durch Sprühdüsen, durch einen Rakel oder durch mit dem Klebstoff versehene Walzen geschehen. Das mechanische Zusammenpressen des Filzes kann ebenfalls beliebig durchgeführt werden, z.B. durch zwei sich gegenläufig drehende Walzen.The application of the adhesive e.g. to the paper machine felt can be done in any way, e.g. by spray nozzles, by a squeegee or by using the adhesive provided rollers happen. The mechanical compression of the felt can also be arbitrary carried out, e.g. by two counter-rotating rollers.

Um ein beschleunigtes Trocknen des mit dem Klebstoff ausgerüsteten Filzes zu erreichen, kann man zweckmäßig Preßluft mit leicht erhöhter Temperatur verwenden.In order to achieve accelerated drying of the felt equipped with the adhesive, one can expediently Use compressed air at a slightly higher temperature.

10 9 8 29/034310 9 8 29/0343

Nach der Preßluftbehandlung, bevor der Klebstoff getrocknet ist, kann der Filz nochmals einem Preßdruck, z.B. mittels zweier Walzen, unterworfen werden, damit die mit dem Klebstoff überzogenen Fasern an zusätzlichen Berührungsstellen verklebt werden»After the compressed air treatment before the adhesive dried is, the felt can be subjected to a pressure again, e.g. by means of two rollers, so that the fibers coated with the adhesive are bonded to additional points of contact »

Beispielsweise wird ein genadelter Filz durch zwei rotierende Metallwalzen, auf deren untere mittels eines Rakels eine gleichmäßig dicke Kleberschicht aufgetragen ist, zusammengepreßt, wodurch der Kleber in die unteren Faserschichten eindringt und die Fasern umhüllt. Venn der Filz die Walzen verlassen hat, springen die Fasern wieder in ihre ursprüngliche voluminöse Lage zurück. Mittels scharfer Preßluftstrahlen werden die zwischen vielen Fasern noch vorhandenen Kleberhäutchen zerrissen, so daß sich der Kleber vornehmlich an Berührungs- und Kreuzungspunkten der Fasern anlagert. For example, a needled felt is produced by two rotating metal rollers, on the lower one by means of a doctor blade an evenly thick adhesive layer is applied, pressed together, whereby the adhesive penetrates into the lower fiber layers and envelops the fibers. Venn the felt has left the rollers, the fibers spring back to their original voluminous position. By means of sharp Jets of compressed air tore the adhesive membranes that are still present between many fibers, so that the adhesive primarily attaches to the points of contact and intersection of the fibers.

Nach dem Verlassen der Auftragswalzen kann der Filz, bevor der Kleber ausgetrocknet ist, durch zwei rotierende Walzen nochmals so stark zusammengepreßt werden, daß die mit Kleber überzogenen Fasern sich an zusätzlichen Stellen berühren und auch dort miteinander verklebt werdenAfter leaving the application rollers, the felt, before the glue has dried out, are pressed together again so strongly by two rotating rollers that the fibers coated with glue touch each other at additional points and are also glued to one another there

Auf diese Weise hergestellte Naßfilze sind wesentlich reißfester als herkömmliche Naßfilze gleichen Flächengewichtes und erleiden während ihres Einsatzes z.B. in der Papiermaschine praktisch keinen Faserverlust. Bin Markieren ist hierbei durch das Fehlen des Grundgewebes ausgeschlossen. Solche Filze haben eine mehrfach längere Gesamtlaufzeit als herkömmliche Papiermaschinenfilze.Wet felts produced in this way are significantly more tear-resistant than conventional wet felts of the same weight per unit area and suffer practically no fiber loss during their use, e.g. in the paper machine. Am Marking is excluded here due to the lack of the base fabric. Such felts are several times longer Total running time than conventional paper machine felts.

109829/0343109829/0343

Auf vielen Anwendungsgebieten in der Papierherstellung hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, Natur- und Synthesefasern zu vermischen, um die guten Eigenschaften beider Faserarten zu kombinieren. Nach der vorliegenden Erfindung können Vliese verschiedener Faserarten wie beschrieben übereinandergelegt oder Vliese aus Fasermischungen verwendet werden» Im ersteren Falle ist es zweckmäßig, die Vliese mit den stärkeren Fasern in Richtung der Zugbeanspruchung zu orientieren.In many fields of application in papermaking It has proven to be useful to mix natural and synthetic fibers in order to achieve the good properties of both Combine fiber types. According to the present invention, nonwovens of various types of fibers can be used as described laid one on top of the other or nonwovens made of fiber blends are used »In the former case it is advisable to to orient the nonwovens with the stronger fibers in the direction of the tensile stress.

109829/0343109829/0343

Claims (1)

Verfahren zur Herstellung textiler Flächengebilde, insbesondere genadelter Papiermaschinenfilze ohne Grundgewebe oder verstärkende Einlagen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Faservliese mit gerichteten Fasern so übereinandergelegt werden, daß die Fasern von Vlies zu Vlies vorzugsweise im rechten Winkel zueinander liegen} worauf die gesamte Faserbahn von einer oder von beiden Seiten mittels einer Nadelmaschine verfestigt, anschließend gereckt und dann auf der einen oder beiden Seiten mit einem wasserunlöslichen elastischen Klebstoff versehen wird.Process for the production of textile fabrics, in particular needled paper machine felts without base fabric or reinforcing inserts, characterized in that several nonwovens with oriented fibers are superimposed so that the fibers from nonwoven to nonwoven are preferably at right angles to one another } whereupon the entire fiber web from one or from solidified on both sides by means of a needle machine, then stretched and then provided with a water-insoluble elastic adhesive on one or both sides. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Faservliese verschiedener Faserarten miteinander kombiniert werden, z.B. Vliese aus synthetischen Fasern mit Vliesen aus Naturfasern»Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that fiber fleeces of different types of fibers are interconnected can be combined, e.g. nonwovens made of synthetic fibers with nonwovens made of natural fibers » 3· Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2S dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei verschiedenartigen Vliesen die Vliese mit der stärkeren Faser in der Richtung der Zugbeanspruchung des Filzes ausgerichtet werden.3. Method according to claims 1 and 2 S, characterized in that, in the case of different types of nonwovens, the nonwovens with the stronger fibers are aligned in the direction of the tensile stress on the felt. k. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelnen Vlieslagen aus Fasermischungen, z.Bo aus Natur- und Synthesefasern, bestehen. k. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual fleece layers consist of fiber blends, e.g. of natural and synthetic fibers. 10 9 829/034310 9 829/0343 5» Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genadelte und gereckte Filz auf einer Seite mit einer gleichmäßig dicken Schicht eines wasserunlöslichen elastischen Klebstoffes versehen, darauf zusammengepreßt und anschließend auf der Klebstoffseite mit einem scharfen Preßluftstrahl behandelt wirds worauf er nochmals, bevor der eingedrückte Klebstoff getrocknet ist, zusammengepreßt werden kann.5 »method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that s is that the needled and stretched felt provided on one side with a uniformly thick layer of a water insoluble elastic adhesive, pressed together, it, and then treated on the adhesive side with a sharp jet of compressed air whereupon it again, before the pressed-in adhesive has dried, can be pressed together. ο Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 5j dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genadelte und gereckte Filz durch zwei rotierende Metallwalzen, auf deren untere mittels eines Rakels eine gleichmäßig dicke Schicht eines wasserunlöslichen elastischen Klebers aufgetragen ists zusammengepreßt und nach dem Verlassen der Walzen mit der mit Klebstoff versehenen Seite der Einwirkung eines scharfen Preßluftstrahles ausgesetzt wird,ο method according to claim 1 to 5j characterized in that that the needled and stretched felt through two rotating metal rollers, on their lower means A squeegee applied an evenly thick layer of a water-insoluble elastic adhesive is pressed together and after leaving the rollers with the adhesive side of the Is exposed to a sharp jet of compressed air, ο Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 6S dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Filz nach der Preßluftbehandlung, bevor der Kleber ausgetrocknet istf nochmals durch zwei rotierende Walzen stark zusammengepreßt wird.ο method according to claim 1 to 6 S characterized in that the felt after the Preßluftbehandlung before the adhesive has dried f is highly compressed again by two rotating rollers. 109829/0343109829/0343
DE19651660768 1965-02-17 1965-02-17 Process for the production of textile surface structures, in particular needled paper machine felts, without a base fabric or reinforcing inserts Granted DE1660768A1 (en)

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AT (1) AT267204B (en)
BE (1) BE676605A (en)
CH (1) CH438756A (en)
DE (1) DE1660768A1 (en)
FI (1) FI45570C (en)
FR (1) FR1455454A (en)
GB (1) GB1069020A (en)
NL (1) NL6601602A (en)
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BE676605A (en) 1966-07-18
GB1069020A (en) 1967-05-17
FR1455454A (en) 1966-04-01
FI45570B (en) 1972-04-04
AT267204B (en) 1968-12-27
US3664905A (en) 1972-05-23
NO135597C (en) 1977-04-27
NO135597B (en) 1977-01-17
NL6601602A (en) 1966-08-18
FI45570C (en) 1972-07-10
CH438756A (en) 1967-06-30
SE310981B (en) 1969-05-19

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