DE1619713A1 - Device for vacuum and short path distillation - Google Patents

Description

1fil071q

E. LEYBOLD'S SUCCESSORS ' ^IJ

Cologne

File 5065

Device for vacuum and short path distillation

The invention relates to a device for vacuum and short-path distillation, wherein a feed material spread out in a thin layer on an evaporator surface by distributor elements evaporates and is condensed on a cooled condensation surface and with rotating splash guard elements being arranged within the evaporation space in the vicinity of the condensation surface, that the evaporator surface is optically hidden from the condensation surface.

Vacuum distillation is a generally used operating method in the chemical industry today, and for its implementation a wide variety of apparatuses are known. It is particularly important for distillations in the fine and high vacuum range been recognized as advantageous, the charge in a thin layer, d. H. to guide as a film over the evaporator surface. At a Such evaporation from thin layers results in condensation the vaporized substance on an opposite condensation surface. The product film is usually made up of distribution elements, with the use of wipers, brushes, rollers and the like is known, generated on the evaporator surface. It has proven to be advantageous to use this method of distillation not only in the high vacuum range, but can also be used in fine and rough vacuum. This occurs especially when products are very different Vapor pressures are used for distillation, usually Bubble formation, which leads to splashing on the evaporator surface and thus to contamination of the distillate.

In order to report this disadvantage, it has been proposed to arrange splash protection elements rotating with the distributor elements between the evaporator and the condensation surface, which

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visually conceal both surfaces against each other and through gap-shaped Gaps only allow the vapors to pass to the condensation surface. In this embodiment the spray portion is thrown back onto the evaporator surface by the centrifugal force. This arrangement has the advantage / that the product splashes from the evaporator surface onto the splash protection elements no longer affect the condensation surface meet, however, the disadvantage that with large columns with a large diameter and great height, a considerable technical effort must be driven to cope with the problems posed by the rotating mass.

The invention has set itself the task of avoiding the disadvantages outlined in the field of vacuum and short-path distillation. According to the invention it is proposed that on fixed, profile-shaped, one behind the other arranged splash protection elements at least one collecting channel for collecting the spray material is attached, which has at least one outlet, which the collected spray material into a arranged on the rotating distributor device, or open to the evaporator surface perforated channel leads from which the spray material returns to the evaporator surface due to the effect of centrifugal force. the The channel on the rotating distributor device can be a horizontal ring or a ring inclined to the evaporator surface consist of a box-shaped perforated or semicircular annular groove.

In order to enable the assembly of the rotating distributor device, it is advantageous to make the outlet of the collecting channel pivotable. In the case of several collecting channels arranged above or below one another on the spray protection elements, the movement of the outlets can be carried out uniformly by a corresponding device. It can also be advantageous to make the outlet of the collecting channel unfoldable. To prevent "that enter the collection channels collected product play in the evaporator and interior naoh drain down, it is advantageous

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the outlet of the gutter against the latter in itself known Sealing catfish using any suitable sealing material.

In the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically reproduced; show it:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a distillation device according to the invention

FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a distillation device according to FIG. 1 along the line II / II

FIG. 3 partial views of various embodiments of the The outlet of the Aullangrinne and partial views of the various training options for the gutter on the rotating distributor device

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a distillation column according to the invention. Between the evaporator surface 1 and the condensation surface 2, in the evaporator interior 11 on the rotor Z >> which is driven via the shaft 31, distributor elements 52 are arranged on corresponding suspension devices 33. In addition, there are angular spray protection elements 4 arranged one behind the other in the interior of the evaporator. On the spray protection elements 4, three collecting channels 41, each with an outlet 42, are arranged above or below one another. Below the outlet 42 is the trough 43 * attached to the rotating distributor device 3, which absorbs the product fractions collected in the collecting trough 41 via the outlet 42 and throws it back onto the evaporator surface due to the effect of centrifugal force. The product inlet takes place via the inlet opening 5 * from where the product reaches the evaporator surface via the rotating distributor plate 51, the evaporator interior 11 is evacuated via the nozzle 6 via an evacuation device not shown in the drawing.

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The cross-section through the distillation device shown in FIG. 2 along the line II / II in FIG. 1 shows the splash guard elements 4 arranged at an angle one behind the other. The spout 42 is pivoted laterally in Figure 3a, in FIG jjb formed folded in the longitudinal direction and in Fig J> c. In addition, various designs of the channel 43 attached to the rotating distributor device 3 are shown, the channel 43 being open towards the evaporator surface in FIG. 3a. In FIG. 3b, the channel 43 consists of a box which is perforated towards the evaporator surface, while the channel 43 in FIG. 3c is designed as a semicircular ring channel. The examples given are by no means an exhaustive list of the options for designing the outlets 42 of the collecting channels 41 to be movable or for the design of the channel 43.

009851/1667

Claims (5)

- 5 - 5065 PATENT CLAIMS 1) Device for vacuum and short-path distillation, one in a thin layer on an evaporator surface through distribution elements expanded feed is evaporated and condensed on a cooled condensation surface, and wherein rotating splash guard elements are arranged within the evaporation space in the vicinity of the condensation surface, that the evaporator surface is optically hidden from the condensation surface, characterized in that on fixed, profile-shaped splash protection elements arranged one behind the other (4) at least one collecting channel (41) for collecting the spray material is attached, which at least one Has an outlet (42) which transfers the collected spray material to a rotating distribution device (3) for Evaporator surface (1) leads open or perforated channel (43), from which the spray material returns to the evaporator surface (1) due to the effect of centrifugal force. 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet (42) of the collecting channel (41) is designed to be pivotable. 3) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the The outlet (42) of the collecting channel (41) is designed to be displaceable in its longitudinal direction. 4) Device according to claim 3 *, characterized in that the 'outlet (42) of the collecting channel (41) is designed to be foldable. 5) Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet (42) of the collecting channel (41) g can be sealed against the latter in a manner known per se. 009851/1667