DE1578052A1 - Shooting device for converting the combustion energy of an explosive into mechanical energy - Google Patents

Description

Dipl.-Ing. G. Schliebs 61 Darmstadt Ludwig-BUchner-Strasse

Patent attorney phone (06151) 70928

Postal checking account: Frankfurt a. M. 111157 Bank details: Deutsche Bank AG., Darmstadt Telegrams: Inventron

To the

German Patent Office

IiMnchen 2
Zwertickenstr. 12th

Your sign Your letter My sign B 073 Day 7 December 1967

Subject: patent and. Hi If α g τ "br mi ohamu α t or anm? Idling Applicant: I'rensurvey Holding Company Inc., Panama HP ₀

eino Spr narrowly of f es in me chanis ehe, jjiner gi e ^^

The invention relates to a shooting device for converting the combustion energy of an explosive into mechanical energy Energy and especially kinetic energy.

Countless devices of this type are already known for the most varied of purposes, in particular all types of firearms, rockets, bolt-firing devices, etc. All of these devices convert the energy provided by the combustion of an explosive or a mixture of fuel and oxygen carrier into kinetic energy. As is well known, the efficiency of this transformation is relatively low, namely often below 20 <$> and rarely above 30 $. Efficiency is understood here to mean the ratio of the energy absorbed in the form of mechanical energy to the total energy released by the explosion

109130/0012

7 12/1967 page 2 Dipl.-Ing. Q. Schlteb

the German Patent Office, Lunchen patent attorney

here more specifically understood the kinetic energy, which is picked up e.g. by projectiles that are shot down by shooting devices »

The main aim of the invention is to achieve this conversion efficiency to improve, in particular with regard to the ballistic efficiency of Launching devices for ballistic projectiles or those with their own propellant, such as grenades, rockets, Torpedoes, spacecraft, etc. If it is more specifically ballistic shooting, it allows Invention of considerably increasing the initial velocity of the projectiles and thus their range, all other quantities, e.g. the propellant charge, remain constant.

The shooting device according to the invention for converting the Combustion energy of an explosive in mechanical Energy is characterized by a cylindrical container, which is the apparent volume of the explosive completely fills and which is hermetically sealed by an axial stopper, the container due to the combustion pressure generated during the combustion of the explosive, it cannot be radially deformed and the plug initially offers resistance to the energy developed by the combustion, which defines a time-limited pressure peak of such a height that that of the yield point of the container metal corresponding pressure is significantly exceeded.

This device can be used in practice in various ways be realized by shooting equipment, such as grenade launchers, Rocket launchers, grenades, projectiles with their own propellant, bolt guns, etc., and in general in liilen areas of mechanics, hydraulics, pneumatics,

109830/0012

7c 12. 1967 sheet 3 Dlpl.-lng. Q.Schileb

dca DeutGehe Patent Office, Lliüiohen Patent Attorney

üllek tr ο mechanik, Iiagiietomechanik, with a place everywhere where the released from the burning of an explosive Energy is to be converted into mechanical energy and where, as a result of this conversion, very high pressure peaks in to achieve extremely short times

it may be gene Pig . 1 and 2 Pig . 3 and 4th Pig . 5

The drawing represents purely schematatiscii and only "exemplary several embodiments tailored to the shooting technique of the shooting device according to the invention darj

in axial sections two sections, jev / eils with grenade I.

In axial sections, two guns for grenades with their own propellant charge; g in axial partial section another embodiment of a grenade with its own propellant charge and their launcher j

Pig. 6 in a Pig. 5 corresponding representation the grenade after leaving the launcher and

Pig. 7 shows in a diagram the dependence of the pressure on the time during a shooting attempt with a launcher according to Pig. 1

With the device in Pig. 1 is a shooting device made by a grenade launcher and its grenade is formed. The grenade launcher has an IJuff e 1, the s.Β »part of a not shown mount with SciilagiMincuaechaiiisnus is, v / still a tube 2, its üehieiSkain ^ er ^ a screwed into the outer end of the iluffe is, a smart eye 5> which is guided sliding in the liuffe 1 and under the action of a

109830/0012

December 7, 1967 page 4 Dipl.-Ing. Q. Schltete

the German Patent Office, Minchen Patent Attorney

Striker spring 4 stands, and finally a T-shaped one Solilagliammer 5> which sits movably in the drilled bottom of the firing chamber 2a and its in the axial Bore of the shooting chamber fitted handle from the end of the striking rod 3 is actuated when the mainspring 4 is released from a trigger, not shown.

A sleeve 6 completely filled with explosives is arranged in the bottom of the firing chamber 2a. Of the Explosives 7 extends to a metal plug 8 which is rolled into the mouth of the sleeve and this Hermetically seals the mouth. The explosive 7 can preferably consist of finely granulated powder, which is pressed by the stopper 8 against an igniter (not shown) »against the metal stopper 8 lies a metal piston 9 fitted into the tube 2 by suction. Against the piston 9 is the end of a Rod 10 which is screwed into the bottom 11a of a grenade 11 which is provided with guide vanes 12 is. In the mouth of the tube 2, a stop ring 13 with a thread is screwed inside, which for this purpose serves to hold back the piston 9 in the tube when fired and to guide the rod 10 in the pipe bore, which is firmly connected to the grenade to be fired.

The shooting device works as follows: The in the Shooting chamber 2a fitted sleeve 6 forms a container which, due to this fitting, is radially non-deformable is due to the pressure that arises during the combustion of the explosive 7, its apparent volume completely fills the sleeve. The one inserted into the sleeve axial stopper 8, against which the piston 9 fitted in suction into the tube 2 and above it support the rod 10 firmly connected to the grenade, together with the piston and the

109830/0012 bad or; ο

December 7, 1967 sheet 5

the German Patent Office, Munich

Dlpl.-Ing. G. Sehliebs

Patent attorney

At the moment of the charge explosion, the grenade has an initial resistance which, in an extremely short period of time, e.g. ₀ in the order of milliseconds, causes a pressure peak which, without causing any significant permanent deformation of the case 6 and the firing chamber 2a, the yield point of the case metal noticeably exceeds; This momentary initial resistance absorbs most of the total energy released by the combustion of the charge in the form of kinetic energy (acceleration of the grenade) and mechanical energy (recoil effect on the fixed or movable mount).

Shooting tests were carried out with a shooting device as just described. Its properties and the results of three shooting attempts are exemplified below.

attempt attempt attempt number 1 No. 2 No. ₀ 3 Bullet weight 690 gr. 949 gr. 2,000 gr. Pipe length 116 mm 116 mm 116 mm Pipe drilling 16 mm 16 mm 24 mm Powder (nato) 3.37 gr. 3.37 gr. 7.5 gr. Calories 3,104 3,104 6,907 mkp 1,324 1,324 2,947 Inside diameter the case mouth 14.5 mm 14.5 mm ζ 2.5 mm Thickness of the pasted Plugging 4 mm 4 mm 4 mm Length of the sucking one fitted piston 25 mm 25 mm 25 mm

109130/0012

ι * ¹

850 niep 1. 91 3 mkp Y ° 840 m o4 5 XiI 64.2 ύ 64 , "J

7 · 12. I 967 sheet 6 Dipl.-Ing. Q. Schileb »

the German Patent Office, Lunchen patent attorney

. Maximum pressure 8,140 kp / cm 8 _o 820 kp / cia ^J 7 ο 740 kp /

Initial speed of the projectile 166 m / s 133 m / s 136 m / s Absorbed kinetic energy 970 mkp
Range 95Om

Y / efficiency 73.4 °
Average wall thickness of the
Firing chamber 5.5 mm 5.5 mm 6.5 mm

The steel Böhler VON - 150 tempered was used.

The course of the pressure as a function of time is shown by the solid curve in Pig. 7 shown.

Purely by way of example and for comparison, the dashed curve in this Pigur shows the pressure curve in dependence from the time for a conventional attempt at shooting. The maximum pressure reached in a at least 10 times barely 5ο 000 kp / cm for such a long time.

The yield point of the steel for the shooting chamber in tests 1 and 2, which is the maximum allowable pressure for this firing chamber is 3 x 740 kp / cm.

The shooting device in Figo 2 differs from the one in Pig. 1 only in that the mouth of the tube 2 is open and does not have a stop ring and that the sucking Pistons 19 fitted in the tube are connected to the rod 20 forms, which is firmly connected to the base of the grenade 11 and a larger diameter al3 the rod 10 of the embodiment in Pig. 1 has 30 that she

109830/0012

7. 12. IS6? Sheet 7

dan German Patent Office, Lrünclien Patent Attorney

dire., t can be guided in pipe 2. All other parts α it grenade launcher and its grenade, as well as mode of action and ballistic impact rating are identical to those of the device in Figo 1

3 and 4 are both intended for projectiles with their own propellant charge, ie they are firing devices in which the propellant charge is located in the projectile itself The rear end of the tube carries guide vanes 32 as well as an inner stop ring 33. In Boüeu der DChießka; .Jiier 22a an ijchlag anvil 23 is attached, for example by an adhesive connection, against which a sleeve 26 with its detonator rests, which contains the explosive, its apparent volume completely fills the sleeve, namely a Uetallstopfen 28, the manure in the Lain of the sleeve is to be rolled. as in the embodiments of "sodium 1 and 2 may be in the explosives preferably a powder with a fine granulation act that from plug 28 is pressed against the (not shown) igniter. A Letoll piston 29 rests against the stopper, which is fitted into the tube 22 with suction is represented by a spring 24 and acts directly or indirectly on the impact and guide rod.

The mode of operation of the device in Fig. 3 is as follows: The triggering of the withdrawal of the odilagündmechaiii sinus of the mount drives the rod 30 against the piston 29, which in turn the sleeve 26 strikes against the striking anvil 25. The powder 27 is ignited and exploded, whereby it the

10 * 830/0012

December 7, 1967 sheet 8

the German Patent Office, Minchen Patent Attorney

IJetallstopfen 28 and the piston 29 to the rear against drives the end of the rod 30, which remains in the fixed mount. The plug 28 offers together Effect on the one hand with the piston 29 fitted into the tube by suction and on the other hand with the grenade and her tube at the moment of the explosion of the charge has a resistance that is a push tip in extreme a short time. Under the effect of this pressure spike the pipe firmly connected to the grenade is driven forward in the direction of arrow F, namely through the sleeve 26, which acts via its base on the striking anvil 23 and the bottom of the firing chamber 22a, wherein the piston with the stopper is held back in the rear end of the tube by the stop ring 33, when the tube leaves the guide rod 30 »The The length of the tube is dimensioned such that the acceleration of the projectile relative to the piston is practically finished when the tube leaves the rod ο The acceleration curve corresponds to a practically complete combustion of the propellant charge.

The shooting device in Fig. 4 differs from the previous one only in that the mouth of the tube 22 fixedly connected to the head 21 is open and none Bears stop ring and that the suction fitted into the bore of this tube piston 29 is a part with the Impact and guide rod 40 forms the diameter is chosen such that the tube 22 is guided directly on it instead of the stop ring 33 (Fig. 3) to be guided »All other parts of the shooting device in Fig. 4 are identical to the corresponding ones Parts of the device in Fig. 3> and the mode of operation and the ballistic efficiency of both shooting ranges are equal »

109830/0012

7 ο 12. 1967 sheet 9

the German Patent Office, Munich Patent Attorney

The shooting device in Pig. 5 and 6 is again a shooting device for projectiles with its own propellant charge, which has the same characteristic mode of operation as the device in Figo 3, but in which the radially non-deformable container of the propellant charge from the shooting chamber of the barrel itself and the axial plug, which provides the initial resistance , are formed by the piston itself. This shooting device carries a projectile with a head 41 which is screwed onto the externally threaded shooting chamber 42a of a tube 42, the rear end of which carries guide vanes 52 and an inner stop ring 53 As in the previous examples) an explosive charge 47, which is pressed in by a metal piston 49, which is introduced under pressure into the firing chamber before the stop ring is screwed in. The press-in pressure of the piston is advantageously 400 to 500 kp / cm ² . The apparent size of the propellant charge (taking into account the spaces between the powder grains) completely fills the space between the bottom of the firing chamber and the piston. In the axis of the piston there is a small-diameter bore into which an impact spindle 43 is fitted with suction _r whose front end touches a capsule 45 which contains an igniter and is accommodated in a recess in the front face of the piston. The rear end of the impact spindle protrudes slightly over the outer face of the piston. The projectile with its own propellant charge is lifted for launch with its barrel 42 on a guide and striking rod 50, which is part of an unablillngi-en mount with achlaazünd.jiechiinlatius Mlüet, v / elche aehomatioch by oirie sleep odoi -i'i

109830/0012

December 7, 1967 Sheet 10 Dlpl.-lng. Q. Schlteb

άε-s German Patent Office, Lunchen Patent Attorney

is shown and acts directly or indirectly on the rod 50 ₀

The mode of action of this shooting device3 is analogous to that of the in.Pig. The device shown in Fig. 3 takes the various organs in the position shown in Fig. The triggering of the trigger of the barrel drives the rod 50 against the piston 49, which actuates the hammer spindle 43, which strikes the detonator 45 and causes the charge 47 to explode a resistance that causes a pressure spike in an extremely short time (see Fig. 7). Under the action of this pressure spike, the tube 42, which is firmly connected to the head 41, is thrown forward in the direction of the arrow F while the piston is pressed against the end of the guide rod v / ird. When the tube leaves this rod (Fig. 6), the piston is retained by the stop ring 53 in the rear end of the tube. The length of the tube is determined in such a way that the acceleration of the projectile relative to the piston is practically terminated when the tube leaves the rod. This acceleration curve corresponds to a practically complete combustion of the propellant charge. With a projectile weighing 960 grams and a propellant charge of 3.37 grams made of liato powder, which has 3 · 104 calories, the length of the tube with a 16 mm bore is advantageously 100 to 120 mm. The mean ballistic properties of this shooting device are the same as or better than those of the device described above according to FIG. 10

109830/0012

Y. '\ 2, 1j67 sheet 11 Dlpl.-Ing. G. Schllebe

you;:; Deutjc ^ ü Pateiltai.lt, Lunchen patent attorney

Lei m11g: i purely scientifically represented devices itst the pressure peak which is at the moment of the explosion of the propellant charge by the initial resistance and is determined by the unified Y / irkiuv, the i'eile with axial evasion ■ (stopper, piston, projectile) is generated so high and limited in time that the shooting accuracy no long guidance of the projectile required; this allows length and space requirements to be reduced Reduce shooting devices considerably »

Of course, the device according to the invention can not only be used as a shooting device, but it can also be used in other ways, e.g. for devices in which the mechanical energy is not absorbed by one bullet, but, for example, by others that are in the can be used in a wide variety of areas, such as pressing, punching, extruding, sintering of Y / Erk st open and the use of extremely high pressures for crystal production, furthermore for explosive pumps, etc. ₀

The 'resistance of the axial plugging of the container, which determines the initial pressure peak, can be through a resistance to friction, magnetic or electrical forces, on your Resistance to the displacement of a liquid by a piston, on the action of the combustion gases itself, and with or without the aid of an external fluid, is based.

The explosive used for the device described is preferably one

BATH

109830/0012

7 ο 12 «1967 to« 12 Dipl.-Ing. Q. Schileb

the German Patent Office, Min oh en patent attorney

slow-burning explosive, the ignition of which was carried out a detonator takes place. During numerous shooting attempts, some of which were carried out in the laboratory for measurement the pressures, partly on the shooting range to the Hessunj's ranges, were different types of powder used, namely hato powder for infantry and grenade launcher muni ti oiio The types of powder used partly tubular and partly spherical grains, were lacquered to slow down the burning rate, or not lacquered, with different grains, uniform or mixed, e.g. from 50 to 400 λιει and more or less compressed, with the true volume is $ 60 to $ 90 of the apparent volume but of course the apparent volume of the powder reached the radially non-deformable container always completely filled up to the stopper that hermetically seals the container in the shooting karamer fitted case or a shooting chamber used without a sleeve. The sealing plug offers The energy developed by the combustion of the powder always has an initial resistance, which can be seen in can change to a certain extent, but should advantageously be set to at least 400 kp / cm. You can hit such a resistance at the moment Ignite the explosive with ease a pressure spike achieve, the height of which reaches twice the pressure corresponding to the yield strength of the sleeve material or even significantly exceeds ο The pressure corresponding to the yield point is the maximum permissible static pressure for the cylinder wall of the container. For comparison it should be stated that in the case of a PN rifle with caliber 7 »t>,:, its shooting chamber has a yield strength of 3,875 kp / cin * ", the Explosion of a ball cartridge developed a maximum pressure of about L \ yOO kp / cm.

109830/0012

Claims (1)

December 7, 1967 - Sheet 13 Dipl.-Ing. Q. Schileb the German Patent Office, Munich Patent Attorney PATENT DRESSES M J Shooting device for converting the combustion energy of an explosive into mechanical energy, marked by a cylindrical container (6), which the apparent volume of the explosive completely and which is hermetically sealed by an axial stopper (8), the container through the combustion pressure generated during the combustion of the explosive is not radially deformable and the plug initially offers a resistance to the energy developed by the combustion that a time-limited pressure peak of such a height that that of the yield point of the container metal corresponding pressure is significantly exceeded ο 2. Shooting device according to claim 1, characterized by the use of a slowly burning explosive. 3. Shooting device according to claim 2, characterized by an explosive powder with a tubular grain size * 4. Shooting device according to claim 2, characterized by an explosive powder the granulation of which gives a true volume of at least 60 <fo of the apparent volume. 5. Shooting device according to Anspruoh 2, characterized by a sdreng powder with spherical grain with at least two different mesh sizes, ζ “Bo 50-100-200-400 yum. 10 * 830/0012 December 7, 1967. Sheet 14 DIpI-In ₈ . G. Schileb the German patent office, Lunchen patent attorney , 6 "Shooting device according to claim 2, -characterized by a Explosive powder, the grains of which (to slow down the burning rate) are not lacquered. Shooting device according to claim 1 and one of the following, characterized in that the stopper (8) required initial resistance is at least 400 kp / cm. 8. Shooting device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that that the pressure peak is limited in time so that -Its height is at least twice the Pressure reached, which is the yield point of the container everything corresponds to ο 9ο shooting device according to claim 1 and following, characterized in that that the radially non-deformable container is the firing chamber (42a) of a pipe (42) and the plug providing the initial resistance is one that is fitted into it Piston (49) that directly hits the explosive (47) is applied (Pig. 5). 10. Shooting device according to claim 9, characterized in that the resistance offered by the piston is increased by the weight of a bullet resting against the piston is". 11. Shooting device according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that the piston (19) is firmly connected to the projectile (1-1), z.iä. the end a rod (20) firmly connected to the projectile (5 ¹ Ig. 2). 109830/0012 bathroom original 7. ie. 1967 sheet 15 ClLiG German Patent Office, Uinchen patent attorney 12. ο chi eßß er LLt naoli one or more tier claims 1 to o, characterized in that it is "in the radially non-deformable container to the Schießkaiaiiier ( 2c ) a s tube it (2) elt, in dl e one Sleeve (6) is fitted, which is axially closed with an inserted stopper (8) which rests with one end face of the explosive (7) and the middle of the other end face against a piston (9) fitted into the tube. 13, üchieis ^ device according to claim 12, characterized in that the initial resistance geooted by the stopper (8) and the anliogeiideii Ilorben (9) against it is reinforced by the opening of a file firmly connected to a projectile _; is" 14 · lic] device according to claim 12, characterized in that ■.: That the plug inserted in the sleeve a lYu ^ el iat, against whose ku ^ pe a into the pipe epuiiüterÜolosa is present » 15. ucMei ^ erct according to one of the iuispriiche 9 to 14 »ge. oiihseicimet üurch firmly connected with the tube IJitjel (1 ^, 55) ^for stopping uia ces piston on the pipe Io. ochieß_erüt according to claim 1, characterized in that that the beginning offered by 7erschlußstopfen (ö, 2ö, 49) by a Uechaiian ', / resistance due to friction or magnetic, electrical, ir / arauiischer or -meuuuti-jclier forces is reinforced ^109830/0012 7. 12c 1967 instead of 16 Dipl.-Ing. Q.Schileb the German Patent Office, Munich patent attorney 17 · Shooting device according to claim 9> characterized in that the ICoITden (49) in the shooting chamber (42a) against the explosive is injected under pressure » 18. Shooting device according to claim 9 and 17 for projectiles with own propellant charge, characterized in that the firing chamber (42a) is part of an integral part of the projectile (41) connected pipe it is (42) and that the ICo Xb en (49) is provided with an axial bore into which one Impact spindle (43) is fitted, which is against a detonator in contact with the explosive (47) (45) and from an impact and guide rod (50) is actuated, which is part of a fixed, with a gun carriage provided with a percussion firing mechanism (Fig. 5). 19. Shooting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the radially non-deformable container for reduction the heat energy loss is thermally insulated. 109830/0012