DE1544914B2 - Thread, fibers and foils with improved mechanical properties made from acrylonitrile polymers - Google Patents

Description

Grünewald determined (man-made fibers 1963, p. 853 ff.) At 1 g load. To determine the thermal stress on the Erweichungsgebietes train at a load of 1.0 ^ p / tex was used at a temperature rise of I ⁰ C per minute.

The testing of the other technological data was based on the DIN regulations.

fiber

with the addition of 8% dimethyl phthalate and 8% polyadipate

Fiber without additives

Average number of permanent bends (double bends) ....

Average wire abrasion index (double strokes)

Tear strength, p / den

Elongation at break,%

Relative loop strength,%

Initial modulus of elasticity, kp / mm ²

Degree of elasticity at 5% elongation (3 minutes loaded - 3 minutes recovered)

Softening area

21300

7 200

0.90 113

87 162

65 to 91 ^c

6200

3200

1.27 91

92 260

C.

67 to 96 ° C

Claims (2)

1 2 Molecular weights of the polymeric adipates should be between 1000 and 3500. The threads, fibers and foils according to the invention, threads, fibers and foils with improved acrylonitrile polymers are distinguished from the mechanical properties, consisting of: S foils or materials made of polyacrylonitrile, which these "". ,. "ΛΛ., ·. », ·, ·, Additives in the specified concentration range not A. 80 to 99 percent by weight of an acrylonitrile because they contain significantly higher homo- or mixed polymer with mm long-term properties (bending the technical data are not changed e.g. 1 to 20 percent by weight of a soft 10 or only hinted at. So, surprisingly, the powerful mixture of tear strength is not reduced, 1. Alkyl phthalates, whose alkyl groups 1 on the contrary, in the case of foils mostly even increased, have up to 4 carbon atoms, the elongation at break is insignificant or insignificant 2. Polyester made from adipic acid and alipha- increased. In the case of foils, the enormous brittleness and table diols with 2 to 8 carbon atoms 15 ease of splicing of a polyacrylonitrile film without and a molecular weight of 1000 to 3500. Sentences often simulate an increase in the elongation at break. The softening area of the threads, fibers and foils is also increased by the addition under the Terms of this registration not changed. Loading It is also noteworthy that especially with the foils, but also with the threads or fibers of the present The invention relates to threads, fibers and films. made of acrylonitrile polymers, the mechanical properties of which are greatly reduced. properties due to a content of plasticizers to make threads, fibers or films made of acrylonitrile similar substances are improved. 25 polymers with the addition of plasticizer-like Numerous compounds have already been proposed to produce a mixture. one can proceed in such a way that Gen been used as a plasticizer for polyacrylonitrile to produce the threads, fibers or would be suitable. For example, solutions of polyacrylonitrile in cyano films were used alkylsulfonamides, dioxanones, phthalic acid esters, poly- dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsul- nitrile compounds, phosphine compounds as soft hair dryers, etc. the mixture of lower aliphatic Makers for polyacrylonitrile described. Such alkyl phthalates and polymeric adipates are added Depending on the intended use of the plasticizers and then the solutions in the "usual way" Polymerisates from 1 to 50% added, processed as films, threads or fibers. Likewise can permanent or temporary plasticizers act on the acrylonitrile polymer before it dissolves can. 35 with the plasticizer-like additives. In the production of threads, fibers and foils under threads, fibers or foils made of acrylonitrile Plasticizer-like substances can only be found in polymers in the present case a certain concentration range added to understand structures made from copolymers of the that of the respective additive and the substrate acrylonitrile with other polymerizable mono- depends. If too much of the plasticizer-like 40 mers or mixtures of such copoly- Substance too, are the mechanical and thermal merisates or of polyacrylonitrile with others Values adversely affected. If, on the other hand, there are polymers, provided that the acrylonitrile content little too, the desired increase in the duration is at least 80%, properties, the number of flexures, buckling abrasion, example 1 etc. not a. The optimal 45 for the respective addition: - ' Concentration can easily be determined by experiments A polyacrylonitrile spinning solution in dimethyl form- will. amide with a polymer content of 25%, The invention relates to threads, fibers and which are made from a copolymer of 95% acrylic Films with improved mechanical properties, composed of nitrile and 5%, methyl acrylate, have been made consisting of 5 ° a mixture of 8% of a polyadipate and 8% , - ",." ._.,. . ,. ., Dimethyl phthalate, calculated on polymer, tensile A. 80 to 99 percent by weight of an acrylonitrile _{set. The polyadipate had a medium} molecular homo-. or mixed polymer with at least _{icht between 2000 and} 2500 and was produced _Ώ f ^ percent by weight acrylonitrile and | _{us 66 parts of adipic acid and 32 parts of} hexanediol B. 1 to 20 percent by weight of a plasticizer _{55 22} parts 1 3-butanediol acting mixture of _{The solution was in the usual way according to the} 1. Alkyl phthalates, whose alkyl groups 1 to dry spinning process spun, drawn and Have 4 carbon atoms fixed. The single titer of the finished fiber was 15 den 2. Polyester from adipic acid and aliphatic the residual dimethylformamide content at about 1.5%. Diols with 2 to 8 carbon atoms and a ^{6o. For} comparison, the same solution without the addition of a molecular weight of 1000 to 3500 was the same as the plasticizer-like mixture Wise spun and post-treated. The lower alkyl phthalates were used. sets, the alkyl groups of which have 1 to 4 carbon atoms, number) was tested on a "Zweigle" flexure tester preferably dimethyl phthalate. Carried out as polymeric Adi- 65. This was set to ten measuring points pate can be used polymer esters from larger and the bending edge the test titer of 15 den Adipic acid and aliphatic diols adapted to the carbon atom. The load on the thread was 10% number 2 to 8, preferably butanediol and hexanediol. That of the tear load. The wire chafing number was after