DE1544914A1 - Process for the production of threads, fibers and foils from acrylonitrile polymers with improved mechanical properties - Google Patents

Process for the production of threads, fibers and foils from acrylonitrile polymers with improved mechanical properties

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Publication number
DE1544914A1
DE1544914A1 DE19651544914 DE1544914A DE1544914A1 DE 1544914 A1 DE1544914 A1 DE 1544914A1 DE 19651544914 DE19651544914 DE 19651544914 DE 1544914 A DE1544914 A DE 1544914A DE 1544914 A1 DE1544914 A1 DE 1544914A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fibers
threads
foils
production
acrylonitrile polymers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19651544914
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1544914B2 (en
Inventor
Nogaj Dr Alfred
Reichle Dr Alfred
Reichardt Dr Helmut
Marzolph Dr Herbert
Wandel Dr Martin
Brenschede Dr Wilhelm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
Original Assignee
Bayer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Publication of DE1544914A1 publication Critical patent/DE1544914A1/en
Publication of DE1544914B2 publication Critical patent/DE1544914B2/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/10Esters; Ether-esters
    • C08K5/12Esters; Ether-esters of cyclic polycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/36Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K5/41Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
    • C08K5/42Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L33/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L33/18Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles
    • C08L33/20Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fäden, Fasern und Folien aus Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten mit verbesserten mechanischen Eigenschaften.Process for the production of threads, fibers and foils from acrylonitrile polymers with improved mechanical properties.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fäden, Fasern und Folien aus Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten, bei dem durch Zusatz von weichmacherähnlichen Substanzen die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Fäden, Fasern und Folien verbessert werden. Es sind schon zahlreiche Verbindungen vorgeschlagen worden, die als Weichmacher für Polyacrylnitril geeignet sein wurden. So wurden beispielsweise Cyanoalkylsulfonamide, Dioxanone, Phthalsäureester, Polynitrilverbindungen, Phosphinverbindungen als Weichmacher für Polyacrylnitril beschrieben. Derartige Weichmacher werden je nach Verwendungszweck des Polymerisates von 1-50 % zugesetzt, wobei sie als permanente oder temporäre Weichmacher wirken können.The invention relates to a process for the production of threads, Fibers and foils made from acrylonitrile polymers, with the addition of plasticizer-like Substances improve the mechanical properties of threads, fibers and foils will. Numerous compounds have been proposed to act as plasticizers would be suitable for polyacrylonitrile. For example, cyanoalkyl sulfonamides, Dioxanones, phthalic acid esters, polynitrile compounds, phosphine compounds as plasticizers for polyacrylonitrile. Such plasticizers are used depending on the intended use of the polymer of 1-50% added, with them as permanent or temporary Plasticizers can act.

Bei der Herstellung von Fäden, Fasern und Folien können weichmacherähnliche Substanzen nur in einem bestimmten Konzentrationsbereich zugesetzt werden, der vom jeweiligen Zusatz und vom Substrat abhängt. Setzt man zuviel der weichmacherähnlichen Substanz zu, werden die mechanischen und thermischen Werte ungünstig beeinflußt. Setzt man dagegen zuwenig zu, so tritt die gewünschte Erhöhug der Dauereigenschaften, die Dauerbiegezahl, Knickscheuerzahl usw. nicht ein. Die fUr den jeweiligen Zusatz optimale Konzentration kann durch Versuche leicht bestimmt werden.In the production of threads, fibers and foils, plasticizer-like materials can be used Substances are only added in a certain concentration range from respective additive and depends on the substrate. If you put too much of the plasticizer-like Substance, the mechanical and thermal values are adversely affected. If, on the other hand, one does too little, so the desired increase occurs Long-term properties, the number of flexures, buckling abrasion, etc. are not included. The for the particular additive optimal concentration can easily be determined by experiments will.

Es wurde nunmehr ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fäden, Fasern und Folien aus Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten mit verbesserten mechanischen Eigenschaften gefunden, wenn man den Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten in Mengen von 1-20 % eine Mischung, bestehend aus niederen Alkylphthalaten und polymeren Adipaten, zusetzt und anschließend die Polymerisate zu Fäden, Fasern und Folien verformt. Als niedere Alkylphthalate wurden solche eingesetzt, deren Alkylgruppen 1 bis 4 C-Atome haben, vorzugsweise Dimethylphthalat. Als polymere Adipate können verwendet werden polymere Ester aus Adipinsäure und aliphatischen Diolen der C-Atomzahl 2-8 bevorzugt Butasdiol und Hexandiol. Die Molekulargewichte der polymeren Adipate sollen zwischen 1000 und 3500 liegen.There has now been a method of making threads, fibers and Acrylonitrile polymer films with improved mechanical properties found when you mix the acrylonitrile polymers in amounts of 1-20%, consisting of lower alkyl phthalates and polymeric adipates, added and then the polymers are shaped into threads, fibers and foils. As lower alkyl phthalates those whose alkyl groups have 1 to 4 carbon atoms were used, preferably Dimethyl phthalate. Polymeric esters can be used as polymeric adipates Adipic acid and aliphatic diols with a carbon number of 2-8, preferably butadiol and Hexanediol. The molecular weights of the polymeric adipates should be between 1000 and 3500 lie.

Die verfahrensgemäß hergestellten Fäden, Fasern und Folien aus Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten zeichnen sich vor den Folien oder Materialien aus Polyacrylnitril, die diese Zusätze im angegebenen Konzentrationsbereich nicht enthalten, dadurch aus, daß sie bedeutend höhere Dauereigenschaften (Biege-und Scheuerzahlen) besitzen, wobei die übrigen technologischen Daten nicht oder nur andeutungsweise verändert sind. So ist die Reißfestigkeit überraschenderwiese nicht herabgesetzt, im Gegenteil bei Folien meist sogar heraufgesetzt. Die Reißdehnung ist nicht nur unbedeutend erhöht. Bei Folien kann die enorme Sprödigkeit und SpleiBfreudigkeit einer Polyacrylnitrilfolie ohne Zusätze oftmals eine Erhöhung der ReiBdehnung vortäuschen. Auch das Erweichungsgebiet der Fäden, Fasern und Folien wird durch den Zusatz unter den Bedingungen dieser Anmeldung nicht geändert. Bemerkenswert ist ferner, daB besonders bei den Folien, aber auch bei den Fäden oder Fasern bei der vorliegenden Erfindung die Neigung zum Aufspleißen und Fibrillieren stark herabgesetzt ist.The threads, fibers and films made of acrylonitrile polymers according to the process stand out from the films or materials made of polyacrylonitrile that contain these additives Not included in the specified concentration range, because they are significant have higher long-term properties (flexural and abrasion values), with the rest technological data have not been changed, or only hinted at. So is the Surprisingly, tear resistance is not reduced, on the contrary in the case of films mostly even raised. The elongation at break is not only slightly increased. With foils can reduce the enormous brittleness and splicing properties of a polyacrylonitrile film without Additions often simulate an increase in elongation at break. Also the softening area the filaments, fibers and foils is made by the addition under the conditions of this Registration not changed. It is also noteworthy that especially with foils, but also with the threads or fibers in the present invention, the tendency to Splicing and fibrillation is greatly reduced.

Um Fäden, Fasern oder Folien aus Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten unter Zusatz der weiehmacherartigen Mischung herzustellen, kann man so vorgehen, daB man den zur Herstellung der Fäden, Fasern oder Folien dienenden Lösungen von Polyacrylnitril. in Dimethylformamid, Dimethylacetamid, Dimethylsulfon usw. die Mischung aus niederen aliphatischen Alkylphthalaten und polymeren Adipaten zusetzt und anschließend die Lösungen in Ublicher Weise zu Folien, Fäden oder Fasern verarbeitet.Around threads, fibers or foils made of acrylonitrile polymers with additives To produce the adulteration-like mixture, one can proceed in such a way that one solutions of polyacrylonitrile used for the production of threads, fibers or foils. in dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfone, etc., the mixture of lower aliphatic alkyl phthalates and polymeric adipates added and then the Solutions processed in the usual way into foils, threads or fibers.

Ebenso kann man das Acrylnitrilpolymerisat vor dem Auflösen mit den weichmacherähnlichen Zusätzen anteigen. Unter Fäden, Fasern oder Folien aus Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten sind im vorliegenden Falle auch solche Gebilde zu verstehen, die aus Copolymerisaten des Acrylnitrils mit anderen polymerisierbaren Monomeren oder aus Mischungen von derartigen Copolymerisaten oder von Polyacrylnitril mit anderen Polymerisaten bestehen, sofern der Acrylnitrilanteil mindestens 80 % beträgt.You can also use the acrylonitrile polymer before dissolving paste with plasticizer-like additives. Under threads, fibers or films made from acrylonitrile polymers In the present case, those structures are also to be understood which are composed of copolymers of acrylonitrile with other polymerizable monomers or mixtures of such copolymers or of polyacrylonitrile with other polymers exist, provided that the acrylonitrile content is at least 80%.

B e i s p i e 1 1 Einer Polyacrylnitril-Spinnlösung in Dimethylformamid mit einem Gehalt an Polymeren von 25 %, welches aus einem Copolymerisat aus 95 % Acrylnitril und 5 % Acrylsäuremethylester besteht, wurde eine Mischung aus 8 % eines Polyadipates und 8 % Dimethylphthalat, berechnet auf Polymerisat, zugesetzt. B e i s p i e 1 1 A polyacrylonitrile spinning solution in dimethylformamide with a polymer content of 25%, which consists of a copolymer of 95% Acrylonitrile and 5% methyl acrylate, was a mixture of 8% one Polyadipates and 8% dimethyl phthalate, calculated on the polymer, were added.

Das Polyadipat hatte ein mittleres Molekulargewicht zwischen 2000 und 2500 und war hergestellt aus 66 Teilen Adipinsäure, 32 Teilen Hexandiol und 22 Teilen 1,3-Butandiol.The polyadipate had an average molecular weight between 2000 and 2500 and was made from 66 parts of adipic acid, 32 parts of hexanediol and 22 parts of 1,3-butanediol.

Die Lösung wurde in üblicher Weise nach dem Trockenspinnverfahren verRponnen, verstreckt und fixiert. Der Einzeltiter der fertigen Faser lag bei 15 den, der Restdimethylformamidgehalt bei ca. 1, 5 %. Zum Vergleich wurde die gleiche Lösung ohne Zusatz der weichmacherähnlichen Mischung auf gleiche Weise versponnen und nachbehandelt.The solution was made in the usual manner by the dry spinning process spun, drawn and fixed. The single titer of the finished fiber was 15 den, the residual dimethylformamide content at about 1, 5%. For comparison it was the same Solution spun in the same way without the addition of the plasticizer-like mixture and treated.

Die Festatellung der Dauerbiegezahl (Knickbruchzahl) wurde auf einem"Zweigle"-Dauerbiegeprüfer durchgeführt. Dieser war auf 10 MeBstellen vergrößert und die Biegekante dem Prüftiter von 15 den angepaßt. Die Belastung des Fadens betrug 10 % der ReiBlast. Die Drahtscheuerzahl wurde nach Grunewald beatimmt (Chemiefaserz 1963, S. 853 ff) bei 1g Belastung. Zur Bestimmung des-Erweichungsgebietea wurde die thermische Beanspruchung auf Zug bei einer Belastung von 1,0 p/tex bei einer Temperaturerhöhung von 1°C pro Minute herangezogen. Der PrUfug der übrigen technologischen Daten wurden die DI-Vorschriften zugrunde gelegt.} Faser mit Zusatz Faser ohne von 8 % Dimethyl-Zusatz phthalat und 8 % Polyadipat mittlereDauerbiegezahl (Doppelbiegungen) 21 300 6 200 mittlere Drahtscheuer- zahl (Doppelhübe) 7 200 3 200 Reißfestigkeit p/den 0, 90 1, 27 ReiBdehnung % 113 91 rel.Schlingenfestig- keit % 87 92 Anfangs-E-Modul Kp/mm2 162 260 Elastizitätsgrad bei 5 % Debn. (3 Min. belastet- 3 Min. erholt) 65 67 Erwebhungsgebiet 88-91° 94-96° The determination of the bending fatigue life (number of buckling fractures) was carried out on a "Zweigle" bending fatigue tester. This was enlarged to 10 measuring points and the bending edge adapted to the test titer of 15 den. The load on the thread was 10% of the ReiBlast. The wire abrasion index was measured according to Grunewald (Chemiefaserz 1963, p. 853 ff) with 1 g load. To determine the softening areas a, the thermal stress on tension at a load of 1.0 p / tex with a temperature increase of 1 ° C. per minute was used. The testing of the other technological data was based on the DI regulations.} Fiber with added fiber without of 8% dimethyl addition phthalate and 8% Polyadipate mean number of bending cycles (Double bends) 21 300 6 200 medium wire abrasion number (double strokes) 7 200 3 200 Tear strength p / den 0, 90 1, 27 Elongation at break% 113 91 relative loop tightening speed% 87 92 Initial modulus of elasticity Kp / mm2 162 260 Degree of elasticity at 5% Debn. (3 min. Loaded- 3 min. Recovered) 65 67 Elevation area 88-91 ° 94-96 °

Claims (2)

Patentansprdche : 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Fäden, Fasern und Folien mit verbesserten mechanischen Eigenschaften aus Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten mit einem Gehalt von mindestens 80 % Acrylnitril durch Zusatz von weichmacherähnlichen Substanzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mon dan Acrylnitrilpolymerisaten in Mengen von 1-20 % eine Mischung zusetzt, bestehend aus niederen Alkylphthalaten, deren Alkylgruppen 1-4 C-Atome haben, und polymeren Adipaten.Claims: 1. Process for the production of threads, fibers and Films with improved mechanical properties made from acrylonitrile polymers with a content of at least 80% acrylonitrile due to the addition of plasticizer-like Substances, characterized in that mon dan acrylonitrile polymers in quantities from 1-20% a mixture is added, consisting of lower alkyl phthalates, their Alkyl groups have 1-4 carbon atoms, and polymeric adipates. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polyadipate aus Adipinsäure und aliphatischen Diolen der C-Atomzahl 2-8 bestehen.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the polyadipates consist of adipic acid and aliphatic diols with a carbon number of 2-8.
DE1544914A 1965-09-11 1965-09-11 Thread, fibers and foils with improved mechanical properties made from acrylonitrile polymers Pending DE1544914B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEF0047167 1965-09-11
DEF0047166 1965-09-11
DEF0047165 1965-09-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1544914A1 true DE1544914A1 (en) 1969-07-24
DE1544914B2 DE1544914B2 (en) 1973-11-29

Family

ID=27210456

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1544915A Expired DE1544915C3 (en) 1965-09-11 1965-09-11 Compound for the production of filaments, fibers and films from acrylonitrile polymers with improved mechanical properties
DE19651544916 Pending DE1544916A1 (en) 1965-09-11 1965-09-11 Process for the production of threads, fibers and foils from acrylonitrile polymers with improved mechanical properties
DE1544914A Pending DE1544914B2 (en) 1965-09-11 1965-09-11 Thread, fibers and foils with improved mechanical properties made from acrylonitrile polymers

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1544915A Expired DE1544915C3 (en) 1965-09-11 1965-09-11 Compound for the production of filaments, fibers and films from acrylonitrile polymers with improved mechanical properties
DE19651544916 Pending DE1544916A1 (en) 1965-09-11 1965-09-11 Process for the production of threads, fibers and foils from acrylonitrile polymers with improved mechanical properties

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3535251A (en)
BE (1) BE686694A (en)
CH (1) CH469823A (en)
DE (3) DE1544915C3 (en)
FR (1) FR1513308A (en)
GB (1) GB1111920A (en)
NL (1) NL6612675A (en)
SE (1) SE337922B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3875102A (en) * 1969-09-15 1975-04-01 Chevron Res Polyvinyl chloride plasticized with methyl esters of organic sulfonic acid oligomer
US4244852A (en) * 1978-11-16 1981-01-13 The Standard Oil Company Rubber-modified high nitrile copolymers with improved impact resistance

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2404717A (en) * 1942-06-17 1946-07-23 Du Pont Preparation of solutions
US2426728A (en) * 1944-02-25 1947-09-02 Prophylactic Brush Co Molecularly oriented copolymers of acrylonitrile, a saturated monohydric alcohol ester of an ethylene alpha beta dicarboxylic acid, and acrylic esters or vinyl ethers
US2474350A (en) * 1944-06-24 1949-06-28 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Polysulfone resin plasticized with ester of organic sulfonic acid
US2555062A (en) * 1948-03-24 1951-05-29 Ici Ltd Vinyl chloride polymers plasticized with plyesters
US2503245A (en) * 1948-09-16 1950-04-11 Eastman Kodak Co Solutions of acrylonitrile polymers
US2559172A (en) * 1950-09-19 1951-07-03 American Cyanamid Co Compositions comprising polyacrylonitrile and beta, beta'-iminodipropionitrile
US2613195A (en) * 1950-09-26 1952-10-07 Chemstrand Corp Fiber spinning solutions
US2689862A (en) * 1951-04-20 1954-09-21 Monsanto Chemicals Improvement in color of aryl alkane sulfonates
NL262255A (en) * 1960-03-11
US3328365A (en) * 1964-03-11 1967-06-27 Monsanto Co Acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride 1, 2-dichloroethylene terpolymer and process of preparing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US3535251A (en) 1970-10-20
CH469823A (en) 1969-03-15
GB1111920A (en) 1968-05-01
DE1544914B2 (en) 1973-11-29
FR1513308A (en) 1968-02-16
DE1544915B2 (en) 1974-03-28
SE337922B (en) 1971-08-23
BE686694A (en) 1967-02-15
DE1544916A1 (en) 1969-07-24
DE1544915A1 (en) 1969-07-24
DE1544915C3 (en) 1974-11-14
NL6612675A (en) 1967-03-13

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