DE1455299A1 - System for displaying the derailment of rail vehicles with an automatically responding emergency braking device and associated monitoring device - Google Patents

Description

System for displaying the derailment of railway vehicles, with automatically responding IJotbreins device and associated monitoring device

The invention relates to a system for displaying the derailment of railway vehicles, with automatically responding hot braking device and associated monitoring device, in particular the 3rfindung relates to a system which automatically blows the compressed air out of the brake lines of the railway vehicles in order to brake them in the event of derailment.

When one or more railroad cars of a moving passenger or freight train derail for any reason, the train runs frequently

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continue without the derailment when the derailed Y / agen are in in the middle of the train, by the engine driver, brakeman or train driver "is noticed. In this case, the wagon wheels lifted from the tracks often roll over a float switch or other devices, who make the derailed wagons overturn. As a result, wagons that are not de-iced are also generally affected are, so that the damage caused by the derailment is even greater will.

It is therefore desirable that any car derailed of a railroad train, the train is automatically braked so that it comes to a standstill after a short run and the train crew derailed can determine.

When rail cars derail, they usually roll on top of the Sleepers or in the gravel bed further and are considerable exposed to vertical accelerations due to vibrations or shocks. These are accelerations caused by the derailment much higher than with normal driving, and these accelerations can be used according to the invention to indicate derailments.

The invention primarily provides a safety device specified, which automatically bleeds a brake line of the train's braking system, so that the train should derail one or more Wagons of the train is stopped. Furthermore, a safety device of the type mentioned is specified, which the brake system after a '

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Bremevorganf automatically operational again for further braking maoht. The said safety device is also intended for the railroad influence.

The features of the invention mentioned and furthermore are described in the the following description of certain embodiments of the invention} the but do not limit the invention, explained in detail in the Associated drawings, the same or equivalent parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

The figures have the following meanings!

FIG. II a schematic representation of a braking system with the safety device according to the invention; FIG.

Fig. 2 «Vertical section through a first embodiment of the invention!

51 vertical section through a second embodiment of the invention f

Fig. 4ι Vertikalsohnitt through a third embodiment of the invention and

Fig. 5 * vertical section through a fourth embodiment of the invention.

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In Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an Iremaaystem for lisentahawaggone, "in which the safety device according to the invention eats built. With 1 here is a brake line in the usual Sreaasystem for railway wagons designated. Brake line 1 goes a life line 2, which airs in a tuft of pressure pulp β 5, the an 8 expensive rent il beeitat, an air tank and a Breaaajrlinder (not darfeetellt), as ea an aich is known.

The safety device according to the invention can be arranged in the brake line 1 or the life line 2, as indicated by A, A or B is indicated, in any case as close as possible to the axes

Xs fig * 2 is «tat AuafuJurum« *? · ** of the erflnduagageafteaen safety device soaped, here »it is connected to brake line 1 5 η of the aieherheiteeinrichtung S ₁ leads.

The safety device has a cylindrical housing C and open a fieokel S, which is screwed 6 on the housing C. "Id" it is done by a piece of ear 4a through the establishment · * Old of the gate valve 5 is connected. lii breakable disc t made of a brittle but solid material, for example made of glass, lies feat «between the housing C and the cover S, surrounded by τοπ a filoht & ng 8 $ the disk closes the interior 9 of the housing C against da · lohretüok 4a ab · you washer? is eo thick that she is under the effect of the air pressure prevailing in the lohretück 4a is not • Can vomit «Ser tree 9 inside the housing C stands through

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the vents Io in connection with the atmosphere j in the room 9 is at atmospheric pressure.

In the housing C a weight 11 is housed on the side walls The weight of the housing can slide in a vertical seal has a tapered projection 12 on its upper side, which points in the direction of the breakable base 7. The weight will be 11 by a helical compression spring 15 against the bottom of the housing C pressed ι the spring lies between the top of the weight 11 and the top wall of the housing C, and its force is chosen so that the weight 11 from vibrations or shocks, as they are with normal Can occur during the course of the train, cannot lift. The weight 11 is held between the side walls of the housing G and can only slide in the vertical direction within the guidance provided by the housing walls.

The safety device described above must be in a vertical position be attached to the railroad car. It can be arranged on the car floor and connected to the brake line or directly on the brake line without any further attachment.

With such a structure and the described arrangement of the safety device the shocks that occur during normal operation and vibrations do not cause the weight 11 to move vertically within the housing C. But if only one pair of wheels is one Railway wagons derailed and run over thresholds or otherwise

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half of the track is running, a very high vertical acceleration is exerted on the derailed wagon) as a result, the weight 11 can overcome the pressure of the spring 13 and slide upwards. The pointed end of the projection 12 at the top of the weight 11 hits the underside of the breakable disc J and presses it in. If a small fracture point has arisen, the air pressure in the tube 4a increases the fracture, so that the tube is vented to the atmosphere through the broken disk, the space 9 and the openings Io. As a result, the air pressure in the brake line 1 is lowered, whereby the braking device 3 comes into operation and brakes the train in a known manner.

After the train is brought to a standstill by the braking, can the braking system by simply closing the gate valve 5 from Can be made ready for use again. The breakable disc 7 can be easily exchanged. It can be seen, that the braking system including the safety device can easily be returned to the original state can be restored.

If the "braking system, as mentioned above, is under reduced air pressure is in the brake line, all wagons, including those that have not jumped off the rails, are braked. The train therefore comes automatically and quick to stop even if only one pair of wheels is in the middle of the Train running wagons derailed. The derailment therefore does not lead to the train overturning. Since the sudden decrease in pressure in the brake line 1 and the sudden slowing down of the train can easily be noticed by the engine driver and the rest of the train crew

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can, the appropriate measures could also be taken. ·

A further embodiment of the safety device is shown in FIG. 3 shown. Aue * the safety device 8- is connected to the brake line 1 via the I «itong 4 aagesehloseeni« ie has a housing C old The cover S has the shape of a cylinder with an upper land 2o, which is an opening 21 is, as well as a lower wall 22 "with opening 23" therein Opening 21 denotes the SoKr 4 low upper and lower wall 2o se *. 22 and the side walls of Saokils S achlieseen a tree 24. Of the Lid D also has an outer flange 25 »which protrudes from an outer flange 27 on the upper edge dt are screwed together by a seal lying behind the door with cuts 26 on the underside of the opening 23 in The wall 22 is formed in an annular projection 28, which lengthens as suffered for a sighting, as will be explained below.

A weight 29 Tertikai is slidably housed in the housing C | at on its upper side there is an Ansats 3o old one on top Sighting 31 · Bine helical compression spring 32, which between the Weight and the bottom of the housing C is arranged, the weight 29 pushes upwards, so that the sighting 31 is always sealing on the approach 3o rests against the projection 2Θ and thereby rereo flows into the opening 23.

The compressive force of the spring 32 holding the bottom 29 in its upper X * age is selected so that it is somewhat smaller than the sum of the downward force there? on dan Aasati 5o through the opening 25

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. compressed air that is loaded through it, the heavy or force and a downward force caused by accelerations The weight arises when the wagon derails.

The inner roughness 33 of the housing C above the weight 29 protrudes a restricted vent 34 in communication with the atmosphere. The interior 35 of the housing below the weight is through the Opening 3 ^ connected to the atmosphere.

When the wagon is running normally, the compressed air in the space 24 cannot flow out to the outside air because the seal 31 on top of the extension 3o seals the site 26 and thereby closes the opening 23. When derailment and the Vertikalbesohleunigungen occurring the weight 29 is moved downward and thus lifts the seal 31 from the seat 28. · If the seal 31 only vat a small amount from the bit 28 from "etrömt the compressed air aue the space 24 in the lid D in the lap 53 above the weight 29 increases the air pressure in this space, and then flows through the opening 34 ^{of Law} outside air. The air pressure in the tree 33 is lower than that in the room 24 but higher than the outside air pressure, because the opening 34 has a constriction and hinders the outflow of air.

This air pressure in the space 33 acts on the entire upper side of the weight 29, which is flatly larger than the cross-section of the opening 231, resulting in a downward force which is sufficient does the spring 52 compress. Therefore, the chamber 24 remains when

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the weight 29 was first moved downwards, in constant communication with the outside air, and the compressed air in the brake line 1 flows continuously to the atmosphere, whereby the brake system is in action is reacted.

If after stopping the train, as a result of the braking effect, the air pressure has dropped to a fairly low value in the brake line, the air pressure within the space 33 of the housing has also increased C decreased accordingly. Now the effect of the air pressure in the room 33 'which exerts a downward force on the weight 29, exceeded by the compressive force of the spring 32, so that the weight 29 is moved upwards until the seal 31 rests firmly on the seat 28 and thus the opening 23 closes.

In the procedure described above, the one in the lower wall is used of the housing C let in opening 36 to allow the air from the space 35 to let out to the outside air when the weight 29 after moved down} in this way it is prevented that the air in the room is compressed and thereby the downward movement of the weight 29 is prevented 'Opposes resistance.

_{The safety device S?} Described in connection with FIG. 3 "also provides a safeguard in the event of derailments, as does the device according to FIG. just as in the case of the system according to FIG. 2.

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The facility exercises beyond its task as a safety facility according to FIG. 3, a reset function; it allows the weight to return up to its original position as soon as the brake line pressure is applied has decreased significantly because of the venting that occurs. This reset function of the device is very advantageous, because the braking system automatically returns to its original state after the train has stopped and continues to apply the brakes can make any settings without an operator got to.

4 shows a further embodiment of the invention. The safety device here again has a breakable pane j the structure, however, ensures more reliable operation. The safety device S has a housing E with a base plate F, which represents the bottom of the housing. The housing E has a cylindrical shape and has an inner chamber 4o with an upper opening 41 and lying horizontally. a lower opening 42} the upper opening 41 is connected to the brake line 1, not shown.

The base plate F is a relatively strong circular disk with an in the center vent 43 formed, which is in the Axis of the interior 4 ° of the housing E is located.

On top of the base plate F is a breakable disc 44 made of glass or a similar material} the pane covers the upper end of the ventilation opening 43

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in each case an annular block 45 and an inner shoulder 46 on the inner lower edge of the ring block and an outer shoulder 47 on the outer lower edge of the ring block. The ring block 45 is axially aligned with the base plate F, and the outer edge of the breakable sole plate 44 is surrounded by a sighting ring 48 on the inner shoulder 46 dee ring blocks 45 * Another sealing ring lies under the outer shoulder 47 of the ring block 45 *

At its lower edge, the cylindrical housing E has an inner shoulder 50 which extends against the upper ring edge of the block 45 can support. When the housing E is fixed to the base plate F. is connected, the ringblook is 45 »wipe the shoulder 5 °! and the base plate F, and the breakable disk 44 is fixed between the block 45 and 1 of the base plate F. "When the assembly is complete, the seals 48 and 49 provide an airtight seal, and the frangible plate 44 prevents a connection Seeing room 40 and opening 43 *

In room 40 of the housing. S is a weight 51 housed, the constantly pressed upwards by a helical compression spring 52 If the spring 52 lies between the top of the block 45 and a shoulder 53 & n the weight 51 * The weight 5I is displaceable in the vertical direction against the force of the spring 52 and pushes in its highest position against an Absohnitt 54 within the Housing that has a smaller diameter. The weight 5I has vertically directed passages through which the compressed air flows into the

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Can reach area below the weight 51. The weight shows also an extension 56 which protrudes downward and against the breakable disc 44 is directed. The pressing force of the spring 52, which presses the weight 51 upwards, is chosen to be a little is smaller than the sum of the force of gravity acting on the weight 51 and the downward force that occurs in the event of a derailment of the wagon is exerted on the weight as a result of the accelerations.

In the normal driving operation of the railway wagon, the elements of the device S are in the position shown in FIG. 4! the Weight 51 is at rest in its highest position, and that in the lower the weight 51 located part of the space 40 can conduct compressed air due to the presence of the frangible disk 44, does not escape into the atmosphere.

In the case of an integrated track with vertical accelerations on the wagon However, if the weight 5I is driven downwards, so that its downwardly directed extension 56 hits the breakable disk 44 violently hits and destroys them. The compressed air kicks in fun - even if the disc 44 does not "completely" destroy but only cracked to a small extent is so that air can pass through it - from space 40 through the opening 43 into the atmosphere from {this creates a pressure difference between the space above the weight 51 and that below located lukewarm * because of the throttling effect of the passages 55, and that Sevloht is pushed further down and destroys disk 44 Tollltändlf. Once the breakable disc 44 is completely broken

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is flowed a considerable amount of pressurized air from the brake pipe through the upper portion of the ports 55 ^{"to the} lower portion of the space 40 and the vent opening 43 in the Auasenluft from the space 4 °". Now the braking effect occurs.

The fourth embodiment of the safety device shown in FIG (S.) belongs to the type with automatic return, as it is drawn in FIG to let the compressed air escape.

The device has an upper cylindrical housing CJ and a lower cylindrical housing H attached to the upper housing 'in any suitable manner. Located in the upper case G. a substantially horizontally lying inlet chamber 60, a downwardly opening central chamber 61, which is connected to the inlet chamber 60 can be brought into communication, and a vent opening 62, which extends in the horizontal direction from the central chamber 61. At the top Housing G is also a vertical passage 63, which leads from the horizontally lying inlet chamber 60 downwards.

The lower housing H is in the shape of a cup with one that is open at the top Chamber 64 and an L-shaped passage 65 which opens into the bottom of the chamber 64. When the upper and lower cases G and H are put together are, the chamber 61 of the housing G and the chamber 64 of the housing H together form a common space axially through the Arrangement runs, and the passages 63 and 65 together form even-

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if a passage extending from the inlet chamber 60 to the bottom the hammer 64 leads.

In the interior of the arrangement, a weight 66 is arranged, which can move axially along the wall of the interior and which is pressed down by means of a helical compression spring 67; the spring 67 lies between the top wall of the chamber 61 and the top of the weight 66. When the weight 66 is in its lowest position, it closes the opening of the passage 64 airtight by means of a seal 68 attached to the bottom of the weight. On its upper side, the weight 66 has an extension 69j which extends upwards into a bore 70 which forms the connection between the inlet chamber 60 and the central chamber 61 and which has a valve seat 7I on its upper annular edge.

A component 72 in the form of an inverted cup, which has a chamber 73 that opens downwards, engages through the upper wall of the housing G. A valve disk 74 rests on the valve seat 71 and is pressed against the seat by means of a compression spring 75 housed in the chamber 73. The valve plate 74 is against the pressure of the '. Spring 75 along guide pin ″] 6 on component 72 is displaceable in the vertical direction.

At its outer end, the inlet chamber 60 is provided with a not shown The chamber is also connected to the chamber 73 of the component 72 in connection. Since the chamber 61 under

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There is atmospheric pressure and a force is exerted on the top of the valve bar 74 both by the spring 75 and by the compressed air 73 in the chamber 75, the valve disk 74 normally rests on the valve seat "Jl.

The pressure of the spring 67 is chosen so that it is slightly less than the total value of the upwardly directed forces acting against the bottom of the weight 66, namely the pressure of the compressed air in the passage 65, i.e. the weight of the closed passage and the acceleration forces is a derailment case *

In normal operation of the car, the device as is in the in Figure "shown in Figure 5 position}, the valve disc 74 rests diohtend to de» valve seat _t 71 and the air pressure in the inlet chamber 60 and thus also in the Breasleitung has assumed a specific value | No air can escape into the hair. "If the wagon is derailed, the resulting accelerations push the weight 66 upwards." If the weight 66 lifts from the floor of the chamber 64 by even a small amount, it flows the compressed air from the passage 65 into the chamber 64 below the weight 66 and pushes the weight upwards, because the sound of the compressed air from the passage 65 hit surface of the weight is increased so much that the upwardly directed sound of the compressed air out of the Force resulting from passage 65 the effect of gravity on the weight and the force of spring 67 Exceeds.

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When the weight moves upwards, its extension 69 lifts the valve disc 74, so that the compressed air from the brake line through the chambers 6o and 73 »a bore 7o» the chamber 61 and the vent opening 62 flows off. This causes the braking effect.

When the air pressure in the brake line has dropped to a certain low level, the weight will move below the Effect of gravity and the force of the spring 67 down and continues on the floor of chamber 64. " making the connection between the chamber 64 and the passage 65 is interrupted, while the Valve disk 74 returns to its initial position in which it is open the valve seat 7I rests (see. Fig. 5).

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the valve disk 74 can through a breakable pane, for example a pane of glass that rests sealingly on the seat 7I, will be replaced, in this case The breakable disc from the extension 69 during an upward movement of the weight 66 broken and the compressed air discharged.

If there is an electrically operated brake system, you can instead electrical contacts are provided for the breakable disk or the valve arrangement in the device according to the invention, the movement of the It is important to close an electrical braking circuit. In this '' In this case, the electrical braking circuit can simultaneously trigger an alarm

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Trigger the system in the locomotive or on the driver's side.

The above description explains some two-way embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention , but changes and deviations can be made which fall within the scope of protection of the following patent claims.

Patent claims?

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Claims (1)

TT55299 Claims ι (Iy attachment for displaying a derailment of vehicles, with automatically appealing emergency braking device, characterized by a weight movable in the vertical direction and a spring holding the weight in a "certain fixed position, the so is designed that the weight can only be moved in the vertical direction if a strong derailment occurs Acceleration acts on the weight, while normal driving with vibrations and bumps the Gewioht at rest is held, further characterized in that the vertical movement of the weight for venting the brake line with simultaneous Emergency braking of the train is used, 2. System for displaying a derailment according to claim 1 * thereby characterized in that the vertical movement of the weight creates a 'breakable disc which closes a brake line of the brake system, is broken, so that the brake line is vented and an emergency braking of the train is initiated. 3. System for displaying a derailment according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that by the Tertikai movement of the weight a ^! valve device connected to a brake line is opened so that the brake line is vented and the train is emergency braked 909813/0278 is initiated. 4-lioherheitieeinrichtung to display the derailment of a railway wagon and automatic initiation of the emergency braking, characterized by a weight that can be moved in the vertical direction, by springs that support the weight during normal driving hold in its rest position and a vertical movement of the weight under the effect of acceleration forces in the event of derailment allow, and duroh facilitiesι the duroh the vertical movement of the weight in action to the brake line vent suddenly and initiate emergency braking. 5 · Safety device for displaying the derailment of a railway wagon and automatically initiating emergency braking in accordance with Claim 4, characterized in that the duroh the vertical movement of the weight put into action device from a A breakable disc that closes a brake line of the brake system and an auxiliary device for destroying it of the disk, the auxiliary device being operated by the vertical movement of the weight. , 6. Safety device for displaying the derailment of a railroad car and automatic initiation of hot braking in accordance with Claim 4, daduroh characterized in that the duroh the vertical movement of the weight put into action device from a 909813/0276 -2ο- there is a valve assembly connected to a brake line as well as auxiliary devices for opening the valve, whereby the brake line is vented and the Emergency braking of the train is initiated. 7. On a brake line of the air brake system of a railroad car Safety device to be arranged for displaying the Derailment of the wagon and automatic initiation of braking, characterized in that the device is one with the Has brake line connectable housing in which a vertically extending interior space is provided which has a vent opening leading into the atmosphere, further shut-off devices for shutting off the connection between the brake line and the interior space in the normal state that · furthermore, a weight is arranged vertically movable in the interior space is as well as a spring that presses the weight against the upper or lower end of the interior, so that the weight is below normal Driving conditions of the wagon remains in the rest position, but that in the event of derailment of the wagon under the effect of Acceleration forces against, the spring force in the direction of the the end of the interior space opposite the place of its rest position is vertically displaceable, the shut-off device and aas Weight cooperate in such a way that when the weight is moved into the position opposite to the rest position, the shut-off device a connection between the brake line and the Imicr.- 909813/0276 6AD rauia releases, whereby compressed air from the brake line through the Vent opening can flow out into the open and the braking is initiated will. 8. Safety device according to claim 7 »characterized in that that the shut-off device is designed as a breakable disc made of a material which is at the same time brittle and high Stiffness possesses that the disc is attached between the brake line and the interior space and that it is due to the movement of the weight from the Euhelage is destroyed in a vertical direction to the other end of the interior. 9. Safety device according to claim 7 »characterized in that that the shut-off device is designed as a normally closed valve, which is made by the movement of the weight its Euhelage is opened out in the vertical direction to the other end of the interior. 909813/0276