DE133909C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE133909C DE133909C DENDAT133909D DE133909DA DE133909C DE 133909 C DE133909 C DE 133909C DE NDAT133909 D DENDAT133909 D DE NDAT133909D DE 133909D A DE133909D A DE 133909DA DE 133909 C DE133909 C DE 133909C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- anode
- bath
- fluorine
- fluoride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K AlF3 Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H Sodium hexafluoroaluminate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].F[Al-3](F)(F)(F)(F)F REHXRBDMVPYGJX-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 fluorine-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/24—Refining
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
Vorliegendes Verfahren beruht auf der Entdeckung, dafs, wenn unreines Aluminium in geschmolzenem Zustande als Anode in einer elektrolytischen Zelle, besonders in einer solchen, deren Elektrolyt aus geschmolzenem Fluor-Aluminium und dem Fluorid eines elektropositiveren Metalls als Aluminium besteht, benutzt wird, sich beim Hindurchleiten eines elektrischen Stromes reines Aluminium an der Kathode abscheidet. Diese Thatsache findet darin ihre Erklärung, dafs Aluminium in den gewöhnlichen Sorten unreinen Aluminiums das. am leichtesten oxydirbare Element vorstellt, so zwar, dafs, wenn der Strom an der Kathode Aluminium, an der Anode Fluor in Freiheit setzt, das Aluminium gröfsere Verwandtschaft zum Fluor zeigt, als seine gewöhnlichen Verunreinigungen — wie Silicium, Eisen und Kupfer — und somit nur das Aluminium an der Anode vom Fluor angegriffen wird, dagegen seine Verunreinigungen unverändert bleiben.The present process is based on the discovery that when impure aluminum is in molten state as an anode in an electrolytic cell, especially in one their electrolyte of molten fluorine-aluminum and the fluoride of a more electropositive Metal other than aluminum is used when passing a electric current separates pure aluminum at the cathode. This fact finds in it their explanation that aluminum in the common kinds of impure aluminum is. represents the most easily oxidizable element, so that when the current is applied to the cathode Aluminum, at the anode releases fluorine, aluminum is more closely related shows to fluorine than its common impurities - such as silicon, iron and Copper - and thus only the aluminum at the anode is attacked by the fluorine, on the other hand its impurities remain unchanged.
Enthält hingegen die Aluminiumanode Verunreinigungen, wie Magnesium, Natrium oder Kalium, d. h. Metalle, die eine gröfsere Verwandtschaft wie Aluminium zum Fluor besitzen, so werden diese zwar von dem Bad aufgelöst, aber nicht an der Kathode abgeschieden, da ihre Fluoride weniger leicht als Aluminiumfluorid durch den elektrischen Strom zersetzt werden. Durch dieselben würde also höchstens etwas im Bade befindliches Aluminiumfluorid zersetzt.If, on the other hand, the aluminum anode contains impurities such as magnesium, sodium or Potassium, d. H. Metals that are more closely related than aluminum to fluorine, so these are indeed dissolved by the bath, but not deposited on the cathode, there their fluorides decompose less easily than aluminum fluoride by the electric current will. At most, they would only remove some of the aluminum fluoride in the bath decomposed.
Die Wirkung dieser aus unreinem Aluminium bestehenden Anode der elektrolytischen Zelle ist also die, dafs an der Kathode..reines. AIu-.The effect of this anode of the electrolytic cell, made of impure aluminum is therefore that at the cathode ... pure. AIu-.
minium abgeschieden wird, und dafs diejenigen Verunreinigungen der Anode, die geringere Verwandtschaft zu Fluor haben als Aluminium, ungelöst bleiben, während die, welche eine gröfsere Verwandtschaft zu Fluor besitzen, sich im Bade auflösen und darin bleiben. Eine ungefähr gleiche Wirkung findet statt, wenn das Bad Thonerde in Lösung enthält, da in diesem Falle die Aluminiumanode durch den frei werdenden Sauerstoff angegriffen wird. Letzterer findet sich stets in allen Verunreinigungen (Magnesium und Calcium ausgenommen) vor, löst dieselben auf und erhält sie, so lange als noch Thonerde vorhanden ist, in Lösung.minium is deposited, and that those impurities in the anode are less Are related to fluorine as aluminum, remain undissolved, while those which have a be more closely related to fluorine, dissolve in the bath and remain in it. One approximately the same effect takes place if the bath contains clay in solution, since in In this case, the aluminum anode is attacked by the released oxygen. The latter is always found in all impurities (with the exception of magnesium and calcium) dissolves them and keeps them in solution as long as there is still clay.
Diese chemischen Vorgänge bilden die Grundlage vorliegenden Verfahrens zur Läuterung von unreinem Aluminium. Eine zur Ausführung desselben dienende Vorrichtung ist in beiliegender Zeichnung veranschaulicht.These chemical processes form the basis of this purification process of impure aluminum. A device for carrying out the same is shown in illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
In derselben bedeutet 2 einen Tiegel mit einer Kohlenausfütterung 3 zur Aufnahme eines Bades von geschmolzenem Aluminiumnatriumfluorid. An Stelle von Natriumfluorid kann ein anderes Fluorid oder mehrere Fluoride von Metallen, die stärker elektropositiv als Aluminium sind, treten. Ein Kohlengefäfs 5 wird in den Tiegel eingehängt und mit dem positiven Pol der Stromquelle durch einen Leiter 6 verbunden, der von dem Bade durch ein Kohlenrohr oder eine Bekleidung 7 geschützt ist und gleichzeitig als Hänger für das Gefäfs 5 dienen kann. Das Gefäfs wird mit geschmolzenem, unreinem Aluminium 8 beschickt, und ein Strom, der eine Dichte von vorzugsweise 20 bis 30 Ampere pro 625 bis 650 qmm der .Oberfläche: der Aluminiumanode 8 besitzt,In the same, 2 means a crucible with a coal lining 3 for receiving one Bath of molten aluminum sodium fluoride. Instead of sodium fluoride can another fluoride or fluorides of metals that are more electropositive than aluminum are, kick. A charcoal vessel 5 is hung in the crucible and with the positive one Pole of the power source connected by a conductor 6, which is protected from the bath by a carbon tube or a cladding 7 is and at the same time can serve as a hanger for the vessel 5. The vessel is filled with melted, impure aluminum 8 charged, and a current that has a density of preferably 20 to 30 amperes per 625 to 650 square mm of the .Surface: which has 8 aluminum anode,
mehrere Stunden hindurchgeschickt. Hierbei wird das Aluminium sich an der Oberfläche der Tiegelausfütterung, welche die Kathode bildet, absetzen, während die Verunreinigungen in dem Gefäfs 5 als Rückstand verbleiben. Danach kann man an der Kathode Metall von vorzüglicher Reinheit gewinnen. Gleich gute Resultate werden erzielt, wenn sSich Thonerde in dem Doppelfluoridbad gelöst befindet.sent through for several hours. Here the aluminum will be on the surface the crucible lining, which forms the cathode, settle down while the impurities remain in the vessel 5 as a residue. Then you can get metal from the cathode gain excellent purity. Equally good results are achieved if there is clay is dissolved in the double fluoride bath.
Bemerkt wird, dafs die Verwendung eines schmelzflüssigen Bades von Doppelfluoridverbindungen bei der Gewinnung des Aluminiums mittelst des elektrischen Stromes bereits bekannt ist. Gegenstand des Patentes ist daher nur die Verwendung derartiger Bäder zum Reinigen von Aluminium.It is noted that the use of a molten bath of double fluoride compounds already known in the production of aluminum by means of electric current is. The subject of the patent is therefore only the use of such baths for cleaning of aluminum.
Claims (1)
Verfahren zum Reinigen von Aluminium auf elektrolytischem Wege, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dafs bei der Elektrolyse von Doppelfluoridverbindungen von Aluminium und Natrium oder einem anderen Metall, welches stärker elektropositiv ist als Aluminium, das unreine Aluminium in schmelzflüssigem Zustande als Anode verwendet wird.Patent claim:
Process for cleaning aluminum electrolytically, characterized in that in the electrolysis of double fluoride compounds of aluminum and sodium or another metal which is more electropositive than aluminum, the impure aluminum is used in the molten state as an anode.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE133909C true DE133909C (en) |
Family
ID=402073
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT133909D Active DE133909C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE133909C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2445863A1 (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-08-01 | Aluminum Co Of America | ELECTROLYTIC PURIFICATION OF METALS |
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0
- DE DENDAT133909D patent/DE133909C/de active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2445863A1 (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-08-01 | Aluminum Co Of America | ELECTROLYTIC PURIFICATION OF METALS |
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