DE1245014B - Insulating oil - Google Patents
Insulating oilInfo
- Publication number
- DE1245014B DE1245014B DEG38629A DEG0038629A DE1245014B DE 1245014 B DE1245014 B DE 1245014B DE G38629 A DEG38629 A DE G38629A DE G0038629 A DEG0038629 A DE G0038629A DE 1245014 B DE1245014 B DE 1245014B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- insulating oil
- epoxyethyl
- hydrogen chloride
- epo
- curve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- OECTYKWYRCHAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1CC2OC2CC1 OECTYKWYRCHAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- GBDZXPJXOMHESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl GBDZXPJXOMHESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBHIUNHSNSQJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-3-(2-methyloxiran-2-yl)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane Chemical compound C1CC2(C)OC2CC1C1(C)CO1 RBHIUNHSNSQJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 Pentachlorophenyl Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical group C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007073 chemical hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- CRHIAMBJMSSNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenylstannane Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CRHIAMBJMSSNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/20—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils
- H01B3/24—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils containing halogen in the molecules, e.g. halogenated oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/04—Compounds containing oxirane rings containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring oxygen atoms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/002—Details
- H01G4/018—Dielectrics
- H01G4/20—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06
- H01G4/22—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06 impregnated
- H01G4/221—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06 impregnated characterised by the composition of the impregnant
- H01G4/222—Dielectrics using combinations of dielectrics from more than one of groups H01G4/02 - H01G4/06 impregnated characterised by the composition of the impregnant halogenated
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHESGERMAN
PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE
Int. Cl-: CIW in Int. Cl-: CIW in
Deutsche Kl.: 23 c - 4German class: 23 c - 4
Nummer: 1245014Number: 1245014
Aktenzeichen: G 38629 IV c/23 cFile number: G 38629 IV c / 23 c
Anmeldetag: 6. September 1963Filing date: September 6, 1963
Auslegetag: 20. Juli 1967Opened on: July 20, 1967
Halogenierte aromatische Verbindungen und insbesondere chlorierte Diphenylverbindungen sind bisher als Dielektrika für elektrische Geräte, z. B. Transformatoren und Kondensatoren für Kühlzwecke und als Isolatoren, vielfach verwendet worden. Diese Verbindungen haben den Vorteil vor vielen nichtleitenden Mineralölen, daß sie nicht entflammen. Eine Schwierigkeit, die bei der Verwendung von chlorierten aromatischen Verbindungen für diese Zwecke auftritt, ist, daß die elektrischen Entladungen im Gerät oder eine chemische Hydrolyse die chlorierte Verbindung zersetzen können, so daß sich vorzugsweise Chlorwasserstoff bildet, der die Eigenschaften des Dielektrikums nachteilig beeinflußt und zur Korrosion der Metallteile des Gerätes und zur Abschwächung anderer isolierender Teile führt. Um diese Schwierigkeit zu überwinden, wurden der dielektrischen Flüssigkeit sogenannte Getter zugesetzt, um die Wirkung des Chlorwasserstoffes oder anderer Zersetzungsprodukte zu neutralisieren oder aufzuheben. Die bisher verwendeten Getter besaßen indessen einige Nachteile, z. B. reagierten sie zu langsam auf die Zersetzungsprodukte oder waren besonders kostspielig oder beeinflußten die Eigenschaften der dielektrischen Flüssigkeit in unerwünschter Weise.Halogenated aromatic compounds and in particular chlorinated diphenyl compounds have been used as dielectrics for electrical equipment, e.g. B. Transformers and capacitors for cooling purposes and as insulators, have been widely used. These connections have the advantage over many non-conductive mineral oils that they do not ignite. A problem, which occurs when using chlorinated aromatic compounds for these purposes is, that the electrical discharges in the device or a chemical hydrolysis decompose the chlorinated compound can, so that hydrogen chloride is preferably formed, which has the properties of the dielectric adversely affects and corrosion of the metal parts of the device and the weakening of others insulating parts. In order to overcome this difficulty, dielectric liquids were used So-called getter is added to the effect of the hydrogen chloride or other decomposition products to neutralize or cancel. The getters used up to now had, however, some disadvantages, z. B. did they react too slowly to the decomposition products or were particularly expensive or undesirably affected the properties of the dielectric fluid.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß Isolieröle auf der Basis von chlorierten Aromaten diese Nachteile nicht besitzen, wenn sie 0,001 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent 1-Epoxyäthyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexan enthalten. 1-Epoxyäthyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexan besitzt die FormelIt has now been found that insulating oils based on chlorinated aromatics do not have these disadvantages, if they are 0.001 to 10 percent by weight of 1-epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane contain. 1-epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane owns the formula
IsolierölInsulating oil
Anmelder:Applicant:
General Electric Company,General Electric Company,
Schenectady, N. Y. (V. St. A.)Schenectady, N. Y. (V. St. A.)
Vertreter:Representative:
Dipl.-Ing. M. Licht, Dr. R. Schmidt,Dipl.-Ing. M. Licht, Dr. R. Schmidt,
Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. A. HansmannDipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. A. Hansmann
und Dipl.-Phys. S. Hermann, Patentanwälte,and Dipl.-Phys. S. Hermann, patent attorneys,
München 2, Theresienstr. 33Munich 2, Theresienstr. 33
Als Erfinder benannt:Named as inventor:
Henry Michael Stahr, Columbia, S. C;Henry Michael Stahr, Columbia, S. C;
Richard Graham jun.,Richard Graham Jr.,
South Glens Falls, N. Y. (V. St. A.)South Glens Falls, N.Y. (V. St. A.)
Beanspruchte Priorität:
V. St. v. Amerika vom 14. September 1962
(223 691)Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America September 14, 1962
(223 691)
O ( O (
CH CH2 CH CH 2
Diese Verbindung ist im Handel erhältlich. Diese Verbindung ist bei gewöhnlichen Temperaturen flüssig und besitzt ein Molekulargewicht von 140 und einen Siedepunkt von 2270C bei einem Druck von 760 mm Quecksilbersäule. Diese Verbindung bringt eine Verbesserung für den Schutz elektrischer Geräte gegen die Einwirkungen der Zersetzungsprodukte der halogenierten Arylverbindungen, die als Dielektrikum verwendet werden. Insbesondere wird die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit mit den entstandenen Zersetzungsprodukten, ζ. Β. Chlorwasserstoff stark erhöht.This compound is commercially available. This compound is liquid at normal temperatures and has a molecular weight of 140 and a boiling point of 227 ° C. at a pressure of 760 mm of mercury. This connection brings an improvement for the protection of electrical equipment against the effects of the decomposition products of the halogenated aryl compounds, which are used as dielectric. In particular, the rate of reaction with the resulting decomposition products, ζ. Β. Strongly increased hydrogen chloride.
In der Figur werden die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten mit Chlorwasserstoff mit einer Reihe von Gettern miteinander verglichen. In der Figur ist der zur Reaktion gebrachte Prozentsatz an Chlorwasserstoff gegen die Reaktionszeit (in Minuten) bei Zimmertemperatur aufgetragen. Die Kurven stellen die ver-In the figure, the reaction rates with hydrogen chloride are shown with a number of getters compared to each other. In the figure is the percentage of hydrogen chloride reacted plotted against the reaction time (in minutes) at room temperature. The curves represent the
schiedenen Gettermittel in stöchiometrisch äquivalenten Mengen dar, mit Ausnahme von 1-Epoxyäthyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexan, das in der doppelten äquivalenten Menge zugesetzt wurde, und Zinntetraphenyl, das als Hälfte der äquivalenten Menge einverleibt wurde, da eine größere Menge nicht löslich ist: Kurve A = l-Epoxyäthyl-3,4-epoxycyc!ohexan;different getter agents in stoichiometrically equivalent amounts, with the exception of 1-epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane, which was added in twice the equivalent amount, and tin tetraphenyl, which was incorporated as half of the equivalent amount, since a larger amount is not soluble: Curve A = 1-epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane;
Kurve B — Phenoxypropylenoxyd und 0,02% Tri-Curve B - phenoxypropylene oxide and 0.02% tri-
benzylamin;benzylamine;
Kurve C =■ Dipentendioxyd;
Kurve D — Zinntetraphenyl;
Kurve E = Phenoxypropylenoxyd;
Kurve F — Dicyclopentadiendioxyd.Curve C = ■ dipentene dioxide;
Curve D - tin tetraphenyl;
Curve E = phenoxypropylene oxide;
Curve F - dicyclopentadiene dioxide.
Wie sich aus der Figur ablesen läßt, übertrifft das l-Epoxyäthyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexan als Gettermittel alle anderen in seiner Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit mit Chlorwasserstoff.As can be seen from the figure, the l-epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane surpasses the gettering agent all others in their reaction rate with hydrogen chloride.
GewichtsteileParts by weight
Hexachlordiphenyl 45,0Hexachlorodiphenyl 45.0
Trichlorbenzol 40,0Trichlorobenzene 40.0
Tetrachlorbenzol 15,0Tetrachlorobenzene 15.0
l-Epoxyäthyl-S^-epoxycydohexan 0,1251-epoxyethyl-S ^ -epoxycydohexane 0.125
709 617/488709 617/488
Triehlordiphenyl Triehlordiphenyl
l-Epo\yalh\l-3.4-epo\veyelolie\anl-Epo \ yalh \ l-3.4-epo \ veyelolie \ an
Pentachloruiphenyl Pentachlorophenyl
l-Epo\yüth\I-3.4-epo\yeyclohe\anl-Epo \ yüth \ I-3.4-epo \ yeyclohe \ an
GcNuchtsteile
... 100.0
0.3Gcnutrition parts ... 100.0
0.3
Gcwichlsteilc
... 100.0
0.3General parts ... 100.0
0.3
Das I -EEpo\yalhyl-3.4-epo\ycyclohe\an ist leicht in flüssigen, halogenierteii aromatischen Verbindungen der genannten Art löslich. Der Anteil des Getteimittels betragt 0.001 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent. bevoizugt 0,05 bis~O.50"u.The I-E-po \ yalhyl-3.4-epo \ ycyclohe \ an is easily soluble in liquid, halogenated aromatic compounds of the type mentioned. The proportion of the gettei is 0.001 to 10 percent by weight. preferred 0.05 to ~ O.50 " u .
Vergleiche tiber die Lebensdauer wurden an zwei Gruppen von je sechs Kondensatoren durchgeführt, wobei die eine Gruppe ein flüssiges Dielektrikum der Zusammensetzung von Beispiel 2 enthielt, während die andere, /um Vergleich dienende Gruppe das gleiche Dielektrikum ohne einen Epoxydstabilisalor enthielt. Die Kondensatoren, die für 3,7 μ und eine Wechselspannung von 330 V ausgelegt waren, wurden bei 85 C und einer Wechselspannung von 880 V auf ihre Lebensdauer geprüft. Bei dieser Prüfung stellte man fest, dali sämtliche Kondensatoren der Vergleichsserie vor Ablauf von 3000 Stunden versagten und eine durchschnittliche Lebensdauer von 1277 Stunden besaßen, während die erfindungsgemäß stabilisierten Kondensatoren bei den Versuchsbedmgungen noch nach 13000 Stunden befriedigend arbeiteten.Life comparisons were made on two Groups of six capacitors each carried out, one group being a liquid dielectric of the Composition of Example 2, while the other / comparative group contained the the same dielectric without an epoxy stabilizer. The capacitors that for 3.7 μ and a AC voltage of 330 V were designed at 85 C and an AC voltage of 880 V checked their service life. During this test it was found that all capacitors in the comparison series failed before 3000 hours had elapsed and one had an average life of 1277 hours, while those stabilized according to the invention Capacitors still worked satisfactorily after 13,000 hours under the test conditions.
Es ist also erwiesen, dali die Criindung eine erhebliche Verbesserung der Lebensdauer von Kondensatoren bewirkt.It has therefore been proven that the formation of the disease is considerable Improving the life of capacitors causes.
Der beschleunigte Enlzug oder \bbau der Zersetzungsprodukte, der mit Hilfe der Erfindung bewirkt wird, führt nicht nur zu einer weit geringeren Korrosion der Metallteile der Gerate, sondern auch zu einer vorteilhaften Verringerung der chemischen Wirkung des gelösten Chlorwasserstoffes auf Papier oder andere /ellulosehaltige Stoffe innerhalb des Gerätes.The accelerated extraction or construction of the decomposition products, which is brought about with the aid of the invention, not only leads to far less corrosion of the metal parts of the devices, but also to an advantageous reduction in the chemical effect of the dissolved hydrogen chloride on paper or other / ellulosic substances within of the device.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22369162A | 1962-09-14 | 1962-09-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1245014B true DE1245014B (en) | 1967-07-20 |
Family
ID=22837609
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEG38629A Pending DE1245014B (en) | 1962-09-14 | 1963-09-06 | Insulating oil |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS4022827B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1245014B (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1370256A (en) |
| GB (2) | GB986950A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE355689B (en) * | 1965-11-18 | 1973-04-30 | Gen Electric |
-
1963
- 1963-08-20 GB GB32931/63A patent/GB986950A/en not_active Expired
- 1963-08-26 JP JP4576363A patent/JPS4022827B1/ja active Pending
- 1963-09-06 DE DEG38629A patent/DE1245014B/en active Pending
- 1963-09-12 FR FR947303A patent/FR1370256A/en not_active Expired
-
1965
- 1965-05-12 GB GB20078/65A patent/GB1089974A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS4022827B1 (en) | 1965-10-08 |
| GB1089974A (en) | 1967-11-08 |
| FR1370256A (en) | 1964-08-21 |
| GB986950A (en) | 1965-03-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 |