DE1241803B - Shut-off device for automatic, periodic desludging of filter candles by backwashing - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

BOId

German class: 12d-27

Number: 1241803

File number: M 57618 VII b / 12 d

Filing date: July 24, 1963

Open date: June 8, 1967

The invention relates to a shut-off device for the automatic, periodic desludging of Filter candles by backwashing the filtrate with a piston that can be moved in a cylinder and for backwashing the uncleaned liquid is applied, its inflow to the liquid to be desludged Filter candles meanwhile by a fast acting, controlled by the piston Changeover switch which is coupled to at least one valve, the valve alternately one releases the upper opening and thereby closes the lower one or the upper one closes and the lower one releases, is interrupted, while at the same time the discharge of the dissolved out of the filter candles Impurities from the filter chambers takes place, with a constant outflow of filtrate to the point of use given is.

In a known embodiment of this type (French patent specification 1296 708) takes place Backwashing of the respective filter by a cylinder arranged outside the filter chamber with a free piston, the cylinder being monitored on the inlet and outlet side by slides that can be switched so that either two adjacent filter candles with the as to be filtered Liquid are acted upon, the cylinder being acted upon on the outlet side by the filtrate, or that only one filter candle and the cylinder is fed with the liquid to be cleaned on the inlet side, whereby the liquid to be cleaned, through the intermediary of the free piston, transfers the filtrate into the other filter candle presses, whereby it is cleaned. In a variant of this embodiment, the application takes place of the cylinder only from the filtrate side, with the piston movement for backwashing through a preloaded spring takes place over a piston rod. This piston rod also controls a fast acting switch coupled to a valve, the valve alternating releases an upper opening for the supply of the liquid to be cleaned to the filter candles and a lower opening for the discharge of the backwashed sludge closes or the upper one The opening closes and the lower one releases.

In another known embodiment (French patent specification 1 299 511) a device is provided for alternately switching on and switching off two filters, the filter that is currently out of operation being able to be backwashed by means of filtrate. The device consists of switching plugs, which are each assigned to a filter chamber and shut off by means of levers or gears for automatic,
periodic desludging of filter candles
by backwashing

Applicant:

Jacques Muller, La Garenne-Colombes

(France)

Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. H. v. Schumann, patent attorney,

Munich 22, Widenmayerstr. 5

Claimed priority:

France of March 4, 1963 (926 651)

are connected. Switching is done by hand, with backwashing by an inflatable Sack is effected, which is provided in a dome on the filter chamber. Because of this embodiment it is also known to switch the plug in the supply line for the liquid to be cleaned to train so that a discharge of the backwashed sludge in a sludge collecting tank is possible in which a cylinder with a sieve bottom is arranged to separate the sludge is. Although this filter arrangement can only be switched by hand, the coupling makes the individual Switching plug required a relatively large amount of effort. Also are for each level of work several steps required, so that the operation is cumbersome.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a shut-off device for automatic periodic To create desludging of filter candles by backwashing, which is simple in structure and is reliable in its mode of operation and enables pressure equalization to occur when switching over to prevent caused disturbances of the filtrate flow. In addition, the switchover to the backwashing process should be performed be adjustable in a simple manner as a function of the purified liquid, whereby they manages without separate electrical or electronic program controls.

This is achieved according to the invention in a shut-off device of the type described at the outset reaches that the cylinder at its one end

709 589/312

3 4

Via an inflow opening with a controlled by and controlled by this and the piston with adjustable needle screw variable cross-section of its smaller end face in a cylindrical and a non-return distributor chamber that opens in the outflow direction runs, which during the downward valve with the filtrate side of the filter candles in stroke of the piston is through an opening with the binding and at its other end interchangeable 5 interior space of a filter candle is connected and wise with a discharge line to the memory for the upstroke by means of a liquid to be cleaned by the piston and the inflow opening for controlled switching device and twisted is connected to the coming from the pump to be cleaned another filter candle, and that liquid can be connected by means of a switch-operated differential piston on its valve during the downward stroke, which is connected to the valve for the io larger face surface with the filtrate feed filter candle n is mechanically coupled and channel connected at the same time, is subject to a switchover on its with this channel during the upstroke, which is briefly ring surface side with this channel in connection before the respective dead center of the piston. In this embodiment of the invention, the valves are operated in such a way that the decludging position of the valve pair takes place in the moderate shut-off device during the piston movement of the filter candles, one after the other, from the dead center on the filtrate side to the given sequence, with the remaining filter dead center remain fully active on the side of the liquid to be cleaned,
the valve the drainage opening from the filter chamber It is advisable to close a sludge collecting container with the sludge collecting container and to provide an inflow and an outflow opening, an inflow opening for the liquid to be cleaned in the one in a cylinder with an open end the valve chamber and the valve the Inflow displaceable and closed by a spring in its upper opening for the liquid to be cleaned in the end position above the inflow opening and having the outflow opening in the piston, a cylinder with a protective grille in the pipeline to the storage for the canvas bag to be provided Cylinder surrounds to release cleaning liquid, while in the 25 the other position of the valve pair from the desludging of the filter candles to hold back the duration of the resulting impurities, the piston stroke reverses the valve's inflow - the cylinder at its upper end with the opening for the closed cleaning liquid closes in the supply line for uncleaned liquid to the filter-filter chamber and the discharge opening device is in communication, which releases the piston from the filter chamber to the sludge collecting container 30 after the sludge removal period of the filter candles, and the valve moves the discharge opening from the downward and the in the sludge collecting cylinder in the pipeline to the reservoir for the liquid from the outflow-cleaning liquid present to be contained and presses the inflow opening into the line to the storage container for the opening for the liquid to be cleaned into the liquid to be cleaned. Depending on the cylinder releases and that in the filter chamber, with 35 demands made, the piston in which the cylinder is connected, a pressure cylinder can only be shifted by the action of the heavy storage to compensate for the force caused by the switching.

caused disturbances of the filtrate flow arranged. The invention is based on the illustrated is. With this device according to the invention, embodiments are described in more detail. It shows in a surprisingly simple manner that 40 F i g. 1 and 2 a section through a first an automatically triggered and periodically re-embodiment in two operating positions,
recurring cleaning phase for a filter. F i g. 3 to 7 in section of a modified design, whereby a pressure accumulator disturbances in the form of approximation with different individual representations of the filtrate outflow from the filter, caused by the shut-off and switching device,
Switching the liquid flows, compensates. 45 Fig. 8 a section through a further embodiment instead of a mechanically coupled ventilation form, in which the desludging process can take place one after the other according to a further one in the individual candles,
Feature of the invention a rotary valve Fig. 9 a pressurized sludge switch, whose central bore on the one hand with the collecting container,

The inlet for the liquid to be cleaned is connected 50 Fig. 10 one under the action of gravity, on the other hand with the filter chamber or the standing sludge collecting container and
Cylinder can be connected, with a spring-loaded Fig. 11 an overall arrangement of a filter and sliding bushing the tight connection between the rotary slide of a pressurized sludge collecting slide and the connection openings to the filter container.

chamber or cylinder ensures, and the 55 The in the F i g. 1 and 2 embodiment shown has a channel for connecting the cylinder is intended for continuous operation with the storage tank for the fluid filter device to be cleaned, which automatically and periodically sigkeit in the filter position of the slide and one in adjustable time segments depending on the channel to Connection of the filter chamber with the use of the device and the sludge collecting container to be filtered in the desludging point- 60 liquid is desludged,
ment of the slide. This embodiment has the filter has an increased strength in a plurality of chambers and is split housing 97 in view of the fact. In the chamber 98 the wear are advantageous. According to a further feature of the invention, the filter candles 1, 2 which open into the upper chamber 99 , which can be provided on the filtrate side of the filter candles with a differential 65 an opening 100 for the drainage of the cleaned rential piston, are made according to a further feature of the invention Fluid via valves and an upper chamber 101 of which can be reversed, the switching of the valves having cylinder 102. The piston 103, which occurs at the top or bottom dead center of the piston, is arranged displaceably in the cylinder 102.

5 6

The valves 104 and 105 are in a fast upper chamber 99, so that the filter candles are arranged in the counteracting reversing device 106, the sludge is removed from the flow, with the loosened impurities with a telescopic guide 108 via the pipe 116 in the rod 107 shown is connected, wherein the rod sludge collecting container are discharged.
107 in the hollow piston rod 109 of the piston 103 5 It is thus shown that there is a guide during this process. The lower part of the chamber 99 as well as the cleaned liquid continues to flow out without interrupting the operation of the cylinder space located below the piston and that as a result of the compensation 110, the position of the valves to which the non-cleaned liquid flows can be changed alternately with the opening 111, through sationsbalgens 119 Decrease in the amount of purified liquid opens and closes which in the extension of the io causes.

Opening 111 located holes 112 and 113 The further in the F i g. 3 and 4 shown execution

get connected. shape is of a construction similar to the one above

Valves 104 and 105 provide alternately described apparatus, i.e., the filter for the opening and closing of the cavities 114 and continuous operation is provided and that 115. The cavity 114 is periodically under 15 the desludging of the filter candles via an intermediate switched pipeline 116 with a polluting pressure of the liquid to be cleaned, In this further exemplary embodiment, the

bound, while the cavity 115 is replaced by a rotary valve 124 via the valves, the Intermediate pipeline 117 with one of a quick-acting control device 125 Storage container for the liquid to be cleaned in FIG. 20 (FIG. 5) of the same construction as in the first connection stands. A partition 118 separates the said embodiment from being actuated. This new pre-chamber 98 from the lower part 110 of the cylinder. direction has increased strength and is in

In the upper chamber 99 there is an advantage in terms of wear. A sliding compensation bellows 119 or a cylinder and a sleeve 126 (Fig. 6), which under the action of a Free piston, which is in the form of filling and pressure 25 spring 126, ensures the necessary stored energy during the very short time-tightness.

section of the valve reversal is restored, so the normal filter operation does not yet flow

that a pressure drop is prevented. purified liquid through mouth 127

The upper part 101 of the cylinder has a valve (Fig. 4) through the center 128 of the rotary valve and 120 and a needle screw 121, with which 3 <> Via the channel 129 into the chamber 130, in which the inlet of the cleaned liquid in the filter candles 1, 2 are arranged. Under pressure Cylinder is adjustable. the purified liquid as well as due to the

In addition, the needle screw 131 can loosen the adjustable opening according to the filter use dung and the density of the liquid to be cleaned rod 133 and its telescopic guide 134, a covering 122 is arranged around the filter housing 35 as soon as the piston 132 is in the lower position, so that in the chamber formed by one is reached, the reversing device 125, so that Liquid for the purpose of temperature equalization of the rotary valve, access to channel 135 (Fig. 7) can circulate. releases and the lower part of the cylinder 136

The filter device described operates in which is accessible, while the chamber 130 with the following way: The liquid to be cleaned, the 40 opening 137 for discharging the sludge deposits through the opening 111 flows in under pressure. This opening is connected to the device through the opened mouth 112 in the sludge collecting container via an intermediate pipeline 138 during normal operation.
Chamber 98, while cavity 114 is closed when under the pressure of not cleaned

is. At the same time, the valve 105 holds the piston 132 in its upper position as a result of the liquid Position of the reversing device 106 the opening is moved, the reversing device is again 113 closed, and since the access 125 is actuated as a result, which moves the rotary valve into its position shown in FIG. 3 is open to the cavity 115, flows back to the position, not shown, so that the cleaning purified liquid, which in the cylinder space under the liquid again takes place in a normal way Piston is located in the storage container by 5 °.

the pipeline 117, since the piston 103 mediates in the same way as in the first-mentioned example

Cylinder moved downwards. Accordingly, valve 139 passes through the cleaned due to the pressure, a certain, already cleaned liquid in countercurrent through the filter candles, Amount of liquid through the opening 123, while the piston 132 moves upwards, so Width is determined by the needle screw in the 55 that the desludging is brought about, wherein upper part of the cylinder and thus causes a compensation bellows 140 to move downwards at the given time of the piston 103rd point prevents the pressure loss, which

At the end of this movement, the piston releases the reduced output of purified liquid Reversing device 106 off, so that the result could have while the direction of the Change the positions of valves 104 and 105. In the 60 rotary valve 124 is changed. Also can The position of the valves shown in FIG. 2 flows around the device having a casing 141 pressurized, non-purified liquid, if necessary, to a temperature equalization through the opening 111, passes through the received.

Mouth 113 in the lower part 110 of the cylinder The further in F i g. 8 shown embodiment

and causes the upward movement of the piston 65 also applies to continuous operation 103. The upward movement defines the filtering device, but it pushes the desludging the filter candles located in the upper part of the cylinder, one after the other in purified liquid is effected through the valve 120 in the predetermined order.

7 8

This device has a lower housing part 142, the opening 149 over the next following filter, on which the opening 143 for the inflow candle moves and is thus located at the next downward direction of the liquid to be cleaned. In this movement this is desludged.
Housing part are also the filter candles 1, 2. The rotational speed of the distributor 148 is arranged, which open into an upper housing part 144, 5 depending on the speed of the piston of the device for automatic Ent- 146, which can be operated without difficulty by means of an in the channel absorbs mud. Needle screw 168 arranged through an opening 145 154 is adjustable. the cleaned liquid leaves the filter device after it has passed through. The automatic desludging device io of the housing 142 is collected in the conical lower part 169 and comes from there, has a differential piston 146 (stepped piston), optionally automatically through an opening 170, which is located in the one of the two chambers 147 in a sludge collecting container,
and 148 formed of different contents. The sludge collecting tank is located between the cylinder. The chamber 148 is rotatable, so the storage and the filter device are arranged and can be used as a distributor for a certain cleaned 15 either with pressure (Fig. 9) or under the amount of liquid for desludging a filter effect of gravity (Fig. 10 ) working candle serves. An orifice 149 is to be used for this purpose device. For example, Figure 11 shows one attached. sludge collecting tank operating under pressure, the inside of the piston 146 are cams through the pipes 116 and 117 with a 150, which is connected to the two filter devices 172 arranged one above the other from the one shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown and connected in two different positions for reversing the construction presented. This container has located valves 151 and 152 connected to a housing 173, as in FIG. 9, so that the direction of the piston moving the housing by a releasable, at its open liquid flow through the channels 153 and 154, end fixedly connected to a cylinder 175 which are arranged in the upper part 155, changed 25 cover 174 closed is. In the cylinder can be can. In addition, the piston is free to move with a piston 176 which is provided below that of a rod 156 which is provided with a step-wise action of a spring 177 which tries to keep the piston in the working advance 157 of the distributor 148 from its upper position. One is exchangeable, the feed device being a bar sack 178 made of canvas or another carrier 158 with a "wolf tooth" 159, a material located between the outer wall of the sleeve 160 and a double spiral-shaped Stei cylinder and a detachable protective screen 179 from with supply 161 is provided, the sheet metal provided at the lower end of the holes or from a wire made of iron hollow rod 162 attached to the manifold, which is attached by the flange 180. This rod 162 is used for guidance is held in the container housing. An opening 181 is connected to the piston rod 156, the driver 158 and the 35 with the pipeline 116 of the filter device, sleeve 160. The driver 158 can move freely around the axis firmly connected to the piston rod 156 while an opening 182 with the pipeline 117 and thus with the container for the 163, not shown. A spring 164 seeks the driver uncleaned fluid is in communication.
158 to constantly press against the sleeve 160. The cylinder 175 is closed with a cover 183. In this embodiment, the non-40 flows, which has an opening 184, the purified liquid under pressure through the opening of the pipeline 185 for the inflow of the non-143 a and is in the filter candles 1, 2 purified, purified liquid via an intermediate whereupon it is then connected to the device through the opening tube 186.

145 leaves, but with a certain amount of cleaned When the desludging of the filter candles

Amount of liquid enters the channel 153, so that 45 under the pressure effect of the piston 103 of the filter

the piston 146 and the cam 150 including device (Fig. 2) completes, the contaminants

the valves 151 and 152 are operated. submissions under pressure through the pipelines 116 in

As shown in the drawing, the liquid can convey the opening 181 of the sludge collecting container

speed through the valves 151 and 152 in the interior of the change and get into the bag 178, in which they

Pistons get when the piston 146 is retained in its 50 while not being cleaned

upper layer, whereupon it moves downward liquid together with the under the piston 103

and the purified liquid contained in the manifold 148 from the filter device (FIG. 1)

Displaced liquid, which thus gets the desludging through the opening 182 into the container,

The piston 176 of the which is currently located under the opening 149 is moving during this time

Filter candle causes. In this position the sludge collecting container closes under the pressure of the spring

Valve 151 the channel 154. 177 in its upper position.

Subsequently, the cams 150, which as soon as the piston 103 of the filter device convey its slight downward movement of the piston, begins downward movement, which closes the valves 151 and 152, so that they valve 104, the pipeline 116 and the pressure of the resulting Cam arrangement to access the 60 non-purified liquid, which shut off from the pipe liquid in the piston and the channel line 185 comes, actuates the piston 176, so that 154 open to the liquid under the piston in the liquid contained in the cylinder 175 verdem pushes cylinder 147 through an opening 165 and presses through the opening 182 into the accumulator. The excess liquid is passed through containers, with a large part of an opening 166 being drained off. A guide rod 65 is used to retain contaminants in the sack. 167 prevents the piston from rotating while the process then begins again
the step-wise working feed device 157 in a further simplified embodiment causes a partial rotation of the distributor 148, so that the sludge collecting container operates as in FIG. 10

i 241

ίο

shown under the action of gravity. The non-purified liquid containing the impurities from the desludging flows in through the opening 187 , is partially cleaned as it passes through the sack 188 and flows through the opening 189 into the storage container. A sieve 190 made of a sheet metal provided with holes, for example, protects the sack 188 against unreliable expansion.

In addition, a in Fig. 11 to Shown control slide 191 can be provided in the pipeline 117 to adjust the mode of operation as desired to control the filter device.

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 1. Shut-off device for the automatic, periodic desludging of filter candles by backwashing the filtrate with a piston, which is displaceable in a cylinder and charged with the uncleaned liquid for backwashing, the flow of which to the filter candles to be desludged meanwhile through a fast-acting changeover switch controlled by the piston , which is coupled to at least one valve, whereby the valve alternately releases an upper opening and thereby closes the lower one or closes the upper one and releases the lower one, is interrupted, while at the same time the discharge of the impurities released from the filter candles from the filter chambers takes place, whereby a steady filtrate outflow to the consumer point is given, characterized in that the cylinder (102) at its one end via an inflow opening (123) with a cross-section which can be changed by an adjustable needle screw (121) and a non-return valve opening in the outflow direction (120) communicates with the filtrate side of the filter candles and at its other end alternately with a drain line (117) to the reservoir for the liquid to be cleaned and the inflow opening (111) for the liquid to be cleaned coming from the pump by means of a switch (106) actuated valve (105) can be connected, which is mechanically coupled to the valve (104) for the filter candles and, at the same time, is subject to a switchover that takes place shortly before the respective dead center of the piston (103) , the valves (104; 105) are operated in such a way that in one position of the valve pair during the piston stroke from dead center on the filtrate side to dead center on the side of the liquid to be cleaned, the valve (104) closes the outlet opening from the filter chamber (98) to the sludge collecting container and the inlet opening for the liquid to be cleaned in the filter chamber (98), and the valve (105) closes the inlet opening for the liquid to be cleaned in the cylinder (102) and the outlet opening from the cylinder (102) in the pipe (117) to the memory for the liquid to be cleaned, while in the other position of the valve pair for the duration of the reversed piston stroke, the valve (104) closes the inlet opening for the liquid to be cleaned in the filter chamber (98) and opens the outlet opening from the filter chamber to the sludge collecting container, and the valve (105) the discharge opening from the cylinder into the pipe (117) to the memory for the to r unifying liquid closes and the inlet opening for the liquid to be cleaned in the cylinder (102) opens, and that in the filtrate chamber (99), with which the cylinder (102) is connected, a pressure accumulator (119) to compensate for the switching caused disturbances of the filtrate flow is arranged. 2. Shut-off device according to claim 1, characterized in that the changeover switch (106) instead of a mechanically coupled pair of valves (104; 105 ) switches over a rotary slide valve (124) whose central bore (128) on the one hand with the inlet (127) for the to be cleaned Liquid is connected, on the other hand can be connected to the filter chamber (130) or the cylinder (136) , a spring-loaded sliding bushing (126) ensuring the tight connection between the rotary valve (124) and the connecting openings to the filter chamber or to the cylinder, and the one Has channel for connecting the cylinder (136) with the storage container for the liquid to be cleaned in the filter position of the slide and a channel for connecting the filter chamber (130) with the sludge collecting container in the desludging position of the slide. 3. Shut-off device according to claim 1, characterized in that a differential piston (146) is provided on the filtrate side of the filter candles, which can be reversed via valves (151; 152), the switching of the valves takes place at the top and bottom dead center of the piston and is controlled by this and the piston runs with its smaller end face in a cylindrical distribution chamber (148) which is in communication with the interior of a filter candle during the downward stroke of the piston via an opening (149) and during the upward stroke by means of one of the piston (146) controlled switching device (157) is rotated and connected to another filter candle, and that the differential piston (146) is connected on its larger end face side with the filtrate feed channel (153) during the downstroke, is connected to this channel on its annular surface side during the upward stroke. 4. Shut-off device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a sludge collecting container with an inflow and an outflow opening (181 or 182) is provided, the one in a cylinder (175) with an open end and displaceable by a spring ( 177) has piston ΓΓ76) held in its upper end position above the inflow opening (181) , a canvas sack (178) provided with a protective grille (179) surrounding the cylinder in order to hold back the impurities resulting from the desludging of the filter candles, and that the cylinder (175) communicates at its upper end with the supply line for uncleaned liquid to the filter device, which moves the piston (176) downwards after the desludging period of the filter candles and removes the liquid present in the sludge collecting container from the outflow 709 589/311 opening (182) presses into the line to the storage container for the liquid to be cleaned. 5. Shut-off device according to claim 4, characterized in that the piston (176) in the cylinder (175) is displaced by the action of gravity. Considered publications: German Patent Nos. 369 630, 436 680, 675 493, 715 663, 728 407, 970 683; French patents nos. 1,296,708, 1,299,511. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 709 589/312 5.67 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin