DE1152215B - Schmiermittel fuer die spanabhebende und spanlose Bearbeitung von Metallen - Google Patents
Schmiermittel fuer die spanabhebende und spanlose Bearbeitung von MetallenInfo
- Publication number
- DE1152215B DE1152215B DEST16509A DEST016509A DE1152215B DE 1152215 B DE1152215 B DE 1152215B DE ST16509 A DEST16509 A DE ST16509A DE ST016509 A DEST016509 A DE ST016509A DE 1152215 B DE1152215 B DE 1152215B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- sulfur
- lubricant
- fatty acid
- cutting
- tall oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0239—Lubricating
- B21B45/0242—Lubricants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
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- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
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- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/243—Cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2080/00—Special pretreatment of the material to be lubricated, e.g. phosphatising or chromatising of a metal
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schmiermittel zur Verwendung als z. B. Schneidöl, Ziehöl, Walzöl bei
spanloser und spanabhebender Bearbeitung von Metallen, insbesondere beim Ziehen und Walzen von
Rohren, beispielsweise bei stufenweisen Walzen nach dem Pilgerschrittverfahren.
Es ist bereits bekannt, eine Mischung von Wollfettsäure und Kalk in Trichloräthylen oder Perchloräthylen
als Zieh- und Preßöl sowie als Schmiermittel bei stufenweisem Walzen zu benutzen. Dieses Schmiermittel
hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß es sich nur sehr schwer entfernen läßt, insbesondere weil die durch
die Fettsäure und den Kalk gebildeten Kalkseifen sehr fest an der Metalloberfläche haften. Dieser
Nachteil bedeutet hohe Unkosten für das Entfetten und, falls die Entfettung nicht einwandfrei vorgenommen
wird, ein Aufkohlen des Metalls nach der Bearbeitung durch Glühen und dadurch eintretende
Verschlechterung der Eigenschaften des Metalls, besonders wenn es sich um rostfreien Stahl handelt.
Diese Nachteile entfallen bei Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittels.
Das erfindungsgemäße Schmieröl für spanabhebende oder spanlose Bearbeitung von Metall, besonders als
Ziehöl beim Ziehen und stufenweisen Walzen von Rohren, besteht aus einer Mischung der folgenden
Komponenten:
A. Ester mehrwertiger Alkohole und Tallöl,
B. Ester zwischen mehrwertigen Alkoholen und Fettsäuren von Pflanzenfetten und/oder Fisch- und/
oder sonstigen Tierfetten,
C. einem oder mehreren an sich bekannten schutzfilmbildenden
Zusatzmitteln aus der Gruppe der chlorhaltigen Verbindungen, wie chloriertes Paraffin,
Pentachlorphenol; der schwefelhaltigen Verbindungen, wie Schwefel, Schwefelchlorid,
Schwefeloxychlorid, organische Schwefelverbindungen, wie Dialkylsulfide, z. B. Diäthylsulfid,
oder Oxyalkylsulfide, z. B. Dioxyäthylsulfid, oder Oxyalkylsulfide, z. B. Dioxyäthylsulfid, Merkaptobenzothiazol,
Natriummerkaptobenzothiazol; der phosphorhaltigen Verbindungen wie Trikresylphosphat.
Ein vorteilhaftes Schmiermittel nach der Erfindung enthält neben dem Bestandteil C 10 bis 90 Gewichtsprozent
des Bestandteils A und 90 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent des Bestandteils B. Die günstigste Zusammensetzung
enthält 30 bis 70% von A und 70 bis 30% von B.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Schmiermittel kann bestehen aus 5 bis 90 Gewichtsprozent von A, 90 bis
Schmiermittel für die spanabhebende
und spanlose Bearbeitung von Metallen
und spanlose Bearbeitung von Metallen
Anmelder:
Tore Per Gustav Stedt,
Näsbypark (Schweden)
Näsbypark (Schweden)
Vertreter: Dr.-Ing. A. v. Kreisler,
Dr.-Ing. K. Schönwald und Dr.-Ing. Th. Meyer,
Patentanwälte, Köln 1, Deichmannhaus
Beanspruchte Priorität:
Schweden vom 22. Mai 1959 (Nr. 4885)
Schweden vom 22. Mai 1959 (Nr. 4885)
Tore Per Gustav Stedt, Näsbypark (Schweden),
ist als Erfinder genannt worden
ist als Erfinder genannt worden
5 Gewichtsprozent von B und 5 bis 50 Gewichtsprozent Zusatzmittel C. Die günstigste Mischung enthält 15
bis 50% von A und 15 bis 50% von B sowie 10 bis 30% von C.
Als mehrwertige Alkohole eignen sich vorzugsweise Polyalkylenglykole, wie z. B. Polyäthylenglykol
oder Polypropylenglykol, jedoch besonders Polyäthylenglykol mit einem Molekulargewicht zwisehen
500 und 1500.
Das Tallöl besteht vorzugsweise aus raffiniertem Tallöl, sogenannter Tallfettsäure, mit einem Harzsäuregehalt
von höchstens 20 Gewichtsprozent. Es ist auch möglich, gewöhnliches Tallöl, raffiniertes
Tallöl oder Wollfettsäure zu benutzen, die polymerisiert oder kondensiert wurden.
Da das Tallöl preislich der billigste Bestandteil ist, wird es als vorwiegender Bestandteil in entsprechend
großer Menge in der Schmierölmischung benutzt.
Die Ester des Tallöls mit den Alkoholen dienen hierbei als Dispergiermittel für die in Fettsäureestern
meist enthaltenen großen Mengen an unverseifbaren Stoffen. Wollfettsäure hat beispielsweise einen Gehalt
von 16 bis 24% unverseifbaren Stoffen. Das Tallöl enthält dagegen nur etwa 3 bis 5% unverseifbare
Bestandteile. Die unverseifbaren Stoffe müssen völlig dispergiert sein, damit eine einwandfreie Schmierung
möglich wird.
Die in der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung vorhandenen veresterten Fettsäuren können auch aus einzelnen reinen Fettsäuren bestehen, z. B. aus einer oder mehreren der Säuren: Laurin-, Myristin-,
Die in der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung vorhandenen veresterten Fettsäuren können auch aus einzelnen reinen Fettsäuren bestehen, z. B. aus einer oder mehreren der Säuren: Laurin-, Myristin-,
309 649/260
Palmitin-, Stearin-, Arachinsäure und andere gesättigte Säuren oder Öl-, Elaidin-, Linol-, Linolensäure und
andere ungesättigte Säuren. Insbesondere werden jedoch aus Naturerzeugnissen erhaltene Mischungen
oder raffinierte Mischungen aus Fettsäuren benutzt, z. B. aus Schweinefett, Talg, Bienenwachs, Wollfett,
Lanolin und aus anderen Tierfetten. Die Pflanzenöle, die als Rohstoff bei der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen
Schmiermittels verwendet werden oder verwendbar sind, haben meist einen niedrigen Gehalt
an unverseifbaren Stoffen und können bestehen aus z. B. Oliven-, Sesam-, Sojabohnen-, Baumwollsamen-,
Palmöl, Kokosfett und anderen Pflanzenfetten. Besonders können Rapsfett-Ölfett-Säuren verwendet
werden. Die im Tallöl enthaltenen Harzsäuren können mit reiner Abietinsäure oder natürlichem Kolophonium
ergänzt werden.
Die zwei- und/oder mehrwertigen höheren Alkohole können aus Glykolen oder Glyzerinen, aber auch aus
vier-, fünf- oder sechswertigen Alkoholen bestehen. Beispielsweise eignen sich Äthylenglykol, Diäthylenglykol,
Triäthylenglykol und die schon erwähnten Polyäthylenglykole, entsprechende Propylenglykole,
ein- oder mehrwertige Glyzerine, Pentaerythrit, Sorbit, Trioxymethylpropan.
Um auf dem geschmierten und bearbeiteten Metall eine Schutzschicht zu erhalten, wird das Schmiermittel
mit einem bekannten Zusatzmittel versehen, welches am Metall bindet. Das Zusatzmittel wählt man aus
einem oder mehreren Stoffen der Gruppen: chlorhaltige Mittel, wie chloriertes Paraffin oder Pentachlorphenol;
schwefelhaltige Mittel, wie Schwefelchlorid, Schwefeloxychlorid; organische Schwefelverbindungen,
wie Dialkylsulfide, z. B. Diäthylsulfid; Oxyalkylsulfide, wie Dioxyäthylsulfid, Merkaptobenzothiazol,
Natriummerkaptobenzothiazol; oder phosphorhaltige Zusatzmittel, wie beispielsweise Trikresylphosphat.
Das Schmiermittel kann ferner noch an sich bekannte Schmierstoffe, wie Mineralschweröle oder
synthetische Schmieröle, enthalten.
Durch Untersuchungen wurde festgestellt, daß reine Woüfettsäureester, auch wenn sie mit den obigen Zusatzmitteln
versetzt sind, nicht die beabsichtigte Wirkung haben. Hierbei treten nämlich Schwierigkeiten
auf, wenn man das Metall völlig von Schmiermittelresten reinigen will. Diese Schwierigkeit entfällt jedoch,
wenn man erfindungsgemäß eine Mischung von Fettsäureester und Tallölester benutzt, was zum großen
Teil darauf beruht, daß die Tallfettester als Dispergiermittel für die in den meisten Fetten, besonders in
tierischen Fetten, enthaltenen großen Mengen unverseifbarer Bestandteile wirken. Andernfalls würden
diese unverseifbaren Stoffe ausgeschieden werden und am Metall haftenbleiben, wonach es schwierig ist, sie
von dort wieder zu entfernen. Die Tallölester wirken auch für die obenerwähnten Zusatzmittel als Dispergiermittel.
Die Verwendung von Fettsäureestern auch von Tallölestern mehrwertiger Alkohole in Schmiermitteln
ist bekannt, führt aber bei der spanabhebenden und spanlosen Bearbeitung von Metallen nur zu ungenügenden
Ergebnissen, wie die Versuche Nr. 1 der folgenden Tabellen zeigen.
Nachstehend folgen drei Beispiele von erfindungsgemäßen Mischungen und Angaben über damit durchgeführte
Versuche an Pilgerschrittwalzwerken, wobei die Beurteilung durch Zensuren ausgedrückt wird, und
zwar durch die Zahlen 0 bis 10, wobei in bezug auf die Oberflächengüte des Walzgutes die Zensur 0 die
schlechteste und die Zensur 10 die beste ist. Hierbei werden die innere und die äußere Oberflächengüte der
gewalzten Rohre einzeln bewertet. Besonders bei Rohren für die Lebensmittel- und Arzneimittelindustrie
ist die innere Oberflächengüte (Glätte) von größter Bedeutung.
Schmiermittel
Nr.
Nr.
Zusammensetzung Gewichtsprozent
Oberflächengüte
außen I innen
außen I innen
1
2
2
Tallfettsäurepolyäthylenglykolester
Tallfettsäurepolyäthylenglykolester Trikresylphosphat
Tallfettsäurepolyäthylenglykolester Wollfettsäurepolyäthylenglykolester
Trikresylphosphat
Mischung aus Wollfett und Kalk 100
90
10
10
80
10
10
10
10
10
10
2 ! 1
Aus obigen Versuchsergebnissen ist ersichtlich, daß das erfindungsgemäße Schmierfett Nr. 3 den bekannten
Schmierfetten Nr. 1, 2 und 4 in bezug auf Oberflächengüte von im Pilgerschrittverfahren und
nachbehandelten gewalzten Röhren überlegen ist.
Nachstehend folgen die Ergebnisse von Walzversuchen mit verschiedenen Schmiermitteln dreierlei Art,
nämlich erstens Schmiermittel, die nur den Bestandteil A (hier Tallfettsäurepolyglykolester) enthalten,
zweitens Schmiermittel, die sowohl diesen Bestandteil wie auch Bestandteil B (Wollfettsäurepolyglykolester)
enthalten, und drittens Schmiermittel, die ebenfalls beide Bestandteile A und B, aber außerdem ein chlorhaltiges
oder chlor- und schwefelhaltiges Zusatzmittel C enthalten.
Es wurden Rohre aus rostfreiem Stahl im Pilgerschrittverfahren gewalzt. Stahlzusammensetzung nach
schwedischer Industrienorm SIS 2320. Richtwertanalyse: 17% Chrom, 0,08% Kohlenstoff. Walzgutreduzierung:
60%, Rohrdurchmesser 21Z2" und 3V2"-
5 | 1 (A) | — | 6 | Versuch Nr. | 2 (A + B) | — | 4 Mikron | 3 (A + B) | 4 | |
Tallfettsäurepoly- | 80%Tallfettsäure- | Oberfläche in kochender Salpetersäure | 2 Mikron | 20%Tallfettsäure- | 80%Tallfettsäure- | |||||
äthylenglykol- | polyäthylen- | Qulitative Chloridanalyse. | polyäthylen- | polyäth>len- | ||||||
Schmiermittel | ester | glykolester | Starke Kratzer | glykolester | glykolester | |||||
20% Wollfettsäure- | 80% Wollfettsäure- | 20% Kalk | ||||||||
polyäthylen- | polyäthylen- | |||||||||
glykolester | glykolester | |||||||||
Anschweißen des | Wie bei Versuch | Wie bei Versuch | Anschweißen an Dorn | |||||||
Walzguts an | Nr. 1, jedoch in be | Nr. 2 | und Spannzange. | |||||||
Erscheinungen beim | Dorn und Spann | deutend geringerem | Der Kalk ver | |||||||
Walzen | zange (Backen) | Ausmaß | schlechtert die Ober | |||||||
fläche. Es ist nicht | ||||||||||
ausgeschlossen, daß | ||||||||||
Kalk und andere | ||||||||||
Bestandteile in die | ||||||||||
Oberfläche einge | ||||||||||
walzt werden | ||||||||||
Sehr ungleichmä | Gleichmäßigerer | Wie Versuch Nr. 2 | Sehr ungleichmäßi | |||||||
ßiger Vorschub | Vorschub als bei | ger Vorschub | ||||||||
Vorschub | 7 mm/10 Stufen | Versuch Nr. 1 | 7 mm/6 Stufen | |||||||
80 Stufen/Min. | 7 mm/2 Stufen | |||||||||
7 mm/Stufe (Hub) | Sehr leicht zu ent | Sehr leicht zu ent | Wie Versuch Nr. 2 | Der Kalk erschwerte | ||||||
fetten | fetten | das Entfetten | ||||||||
Entfettung | ||||||||||
im Sodalösungsbad | —· | — | ||||||||
(Soda in Wasser) | aufgelöst. | — | ||||||||
Aufkohlungsversuch | ||||||||||
Korrosion | Wie Versuch Nr. 2 | Starke Kratzer | ||||||||
Oberflächenfeinheit | ||||||||||
(Profiltiefe). Äußere | ||||||||||
Rohroberfläche |
(Fortsetzung)
- | Vorschub | 5 | Versuch Nr. | 7 (A + B + C) | |
80 Stufen/Min. | 64 % Tallfettsäurepoly- | 6 (A + B + C) | 64% Tallfettsäurepoly- | ||
Schmiermittel | 7 mm/Stufe (Hub) | äthylenglykolester | 64 % Tallfettsäurepoly- | äthylenglykolester | |
Entfettung | 16% Wollfettsäurepoly- | äthylenglykolester | 16° 0 Wollfettsäurepoly- | ||
im Sodalösungsbad | äthylenglykolester | 16% WoIIf ettsäurepoly- | äthylenglykolester | ||
(Soda in Wasser) | 20% Kalk | äthylenglykolester | 15% Zusatz C | ||
20 7o gechlortes Paraffin | 5 % Merkoptobenzo- | ||||
mit 42% Chlor | thiazol | ||||
Gleichbleibender Vorschub | gehalt (Zusatz C) | Die bei Versuch Nr. 6 | |||
Erscheinungen beim | war durchführbar. In Ein | Walzen ohne Schmiermittel | festgestellte Neigung zum | ||
Walzen | zelfällen Anschweißen am | träger (Kalk od. ä.) war | Verkratzen bei Rohren | ||
Dorn, aber nicht an der | undurchführbar. Bei | über IVa Zoll Durch | |||
Spannzange. | kleineren Walzgutdurch | messer hörte bei Zu- | |||
Ungünstige Wirkung des | messern war kein An | mischung eines schwefel | |||
Kalks wie bei Versuch | schweißen oder Ver- | haltigen Zusatzstoffs auf | |||
Nr. 4 | kratzen feststellbar | ||||
Gleichbleibender Vorschub | Gleichbleibender Vorschub | ||||
7 mm/Stufe | Gleichbleibender Vorschub | 7 mm/Stufe | |||
7 mm/Stufe | |||||
Der Kalk erschwerte das | Sehr leicht zu entfetten | ||||
Entfetten | Sehr leicht zu entfetten | ||||
(Fortsetzung)
5 | 6 Mikron 3 Mikron |
Versuch Nr. | 7 (A + B + C) | |
— | 6 (A + B + C) | Keine Anzeichen von Auf kohlung |
||
Aufkohlungsversuch | Keine Anzeichen von Auf kohlung |
Keine Chloridspuren feststellbar |
||
Korrosion | Keine Chloridspuren feststellbar |
2 Mikron 0,8 Mikron |
||
Oberflächenfeinheit (Profiltiefe). Äußere Rohroberfläche |
2 Mikron 0,8 Mikron |
|||
Aus den Weiten über die Oberflächeneinheit geht hervor, daß man erstklassige Ergebnisse nur mit
Schmiermitteln erzielen kann, welche alle drei Bestandteile A, B und C zusammen enthalten. Daß auch
die Komponente B für sich allein als Schmiermittel für spanabhebende und spanlose Bearbeitung von Metallen
nur schlecht geeignet ist, ergibt sich aus dem nachstehenden Vergleichsversuch, bei dem Wollfettsäurepolyäthylenglykolester
verwendet und im übrigen wie bei den voranstehenden Beispielen gearbeitet wurde. Es wurde festgestellt, daß das Walzgut beim
Walzen sich am Dorn und an der Spannzange (an den Backen) anschweißt.
Der Vorschub ist sehr ungleichmäßig (Vorschub 80 Stufen/Min., 7 mm/Stufe [Hub]).
Die Entfettung im Sodalösungsbad (Soda in Wasser) läßt sich sehr leicht durchführen.
Die Oberfläche ist von starken Kratzern bedeckt.
Dieser Vergleichsversuch läßt in Verbindung mit den übrigen Versuchen deutlich den synergistischen
Effekt der beanspruchten Mischung aller drei Kornponenten erkennen.
Claims (6)
1. Schmiermittel für die spanabhebende und spanlose Bearbeitung von Metallen, insbesondere
für das Ziehen und stufenweise Walzen von Rohren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es aus einer Mischung
der folgenden Komponenten besteht:
A. Estern mehrwertiger Alkohole mit Tallöl,
B. Estern mehrwertiger Alkohole mit Fettsäuren von Pflanzenfetten und/oder Fisch- und/oder
sonstigen Tierfetten,
C. einem oder mehreren an sich bekannten, schutzfilmbildenden Zusatzmitteln aus der
Gruppe der chlorhaltigen Verbindungen, wie
45 chloriertes Paraffin, Pentachlorphenol; der schwefelhaltigen Verbindungen, wie Schwefel,
Schwefelchlorid, Schwefeloxychlorid, organische Schwefelverbindungen, wie Dialkylsulfide,
z. B. Diäthylsulfid, oder Oxyalkylsulfide, z. B. Dioxyäthylsulfid, Merkaptobenzothiazol,
Natriummerkaptobenzothiazol; der phosphorhaltigen Verbindungen wie Trikresylphosphat.
2. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mehrwertigen Alkohole
Polyalkylenglykole, wie Polyäthylen- oder PoIypropylenglykol, vorzugsweise Polyäthylenglykol
mit einem Molekulargewicht zwischen 500 und 1500, sind.
3. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Tallöl ein raffiniertes
Tallöl (sogenannte Tallfettsäure) mit einem Harzsäuregehalt von höchstens 20 Gewichtsprozent ist.
4. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Naturfettsäuren aus Wollfett
und/oder Rapsöl und/oder Lanolin erhalten worden sind.
5. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das gegebenenfalls raffinierte
Tallöl und/oder die Wollfettsäure in polymerisierter oder kondensierter Form vorliegen.
6. Schmiermittel nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weiterhin zusätzlich bekannte
Schmiermittel, wie mineralischer und synthetischer Schmieröle, enthält.
In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 626 491;
französische Patentschrift Nr. 997 743.
Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 626 491;
französische Patentschrift Nr. 997 743.
© 309 649/260 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE488559 | 1959-05-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1152215B true DE1152215B (de) | 1963-08-01 |
Family
ID=20265206
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEST16509A Pending DE1152215B (de) | 1959-05-22 | 1960-05-23 | Schmiermittel fuer die spanabhebende und spanlose Bearbeitung von Metallen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3130159A (de) |
BE (1) | BE591045A (de) |
CH (1) | CH440518A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1152215B (de) |
GB (1) | GB904964A (de) |
NL (1) | NL251813A (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0334130A1 (de) * | 1988-03-23 | 1989-09-27 | Kao Corporation | Öl für die plastische Verarbeitung von Metall |
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US3352781A (en) * | 1965-04-05 | 1967-11-14 | Mobil Oil Corp | Stabilization of silicone fluids |
US3468701A (en) * | 1966-02-09 | 1969-09-23 | Atlas Chem Ind | Method of preventing blocking of aluminum sheet material |
US3526596A (en) * | 1968-06-05 | 1970-09-01 | Quaker Chem Corp | Lubricants for metalworking operations |
US3549533A (en) * | 1968-11-22 | 1970-12-22 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Single phase emulsion inhibitor |
US3657126A (en) * | 1970-04-17 | 1972-04-18 | Aluminum Co Of America | Oil and water-base lubricant: that, as to improvements in oil and water-base lubricants |
US4031019A (en) * | 1972-06-29 | 1977-06-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Alcohol esters of fatty acids as useful metalworking lubricants |
US3919093A (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1975-11-11 | Mobil Oil Corp | Lubricant compositions containing alkylene oxide polymers and sulfur |
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US4080302A (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1978-03-21 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Lubricant compositions containing organic hydroperoxides |
US4152278A (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1979-05-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Wax esters of vegetable oil fatty acids useful as lubricants |
US4250046A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1981-02-10 | Pennwalt Corporation | Diethanol disulfide as an extreme pressure and anti-wear additive in water soluble metalworking fluids |
US4416788A (en) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-11-22 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Metal cutting oil and method for using same |
US4775418A (en) * | 1982-12-29 | 1988-10-04 | Aluminum Company Of America | Parting composition comprising glycerol trioleate and vegetable oil |
FI66899C (fi) * | 1983-02-11 | 1984-12-10 | Kasvisoeljy Vaextolje Ab Oy | Smoerjmedel med triglycerider som huvudkomponent |
US4891161A (en) * | 1985-02-27 | 1990-01-02 | Nisshin Oil Mills, Ltd. | Cold rolling mill lubricant |
US4740322A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1988-04-26 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Sulfur-containing compositions, and additive concentrates, lubricating oils, metal working lubricants and asphalt compositions containing same |
US5009553A (en) * | 1987-07-20 | 1991-04-23 | Nowman William G | Method and apparatus for drilling hardplate |
ATE210175T1 (de) * | 1991-08-09 | 2001-12-15 | Lubrizol Corp | Die verwendung von funktionellen flüssigkeiten mit triglyceriden und verschiedenen additiven als traktorschmieröle |
CN114369492B (zh) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-11-01 | 北京盛鑫和谐润滑油脂有限公司 | 一种螺杆式空压机油组合物及空压机油 |
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DE626491C (de) * | 1931-09-03 | 1936-02-27 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Behandlung von Werkstoffen |
FR997743A (fr) * | 1948-12-23 | 1952-01-09 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Additifs aux huiles lubrifiantes |
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NL43896C (de) * | 1935-12-02 | |||
GB488390A (en) * | 1937-05-04 | 1938-07-06 | Elliott Alfred Evans | Improvements in or relating to lubricating oils |
US2590451A (en) * | 1947-08-09 | 1952-03-25 | Shell Dev | Metalworking lubricant |
US2627514A (en) * | 1948-03-26 | 1953-02-03 | Visco Products Co | Blown tall oil reaction products |
USRE23671E (en) * | 1948-12-15 | 1953-06-23 | Extreme pressure lubricant | |
BE502141A (de) * | 1950-06-21 | |||
US2968999A (en) * | 1957-12-31 | 1961-01-24 | Ernest J Breton | Process for cutting metal employing amorphous silica |
-
0
- NL NL251813D patent/NL251813A/xx unknown
- BE BE591045D patent/BE591045A/xx unknown
-
1960
- 1960-05-16 US US29140A patent/US3130159A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1960-05-18 CH CH571360A patent/CH440518A/de unknown
- 1960-05-18 GB GB17601/60A patent/GB904964A/en not_active Expired
- 1960-05-23 DE DEST16509A patent/DE1152215B/de active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE626491C (de) * | 1931-09-03 | 1936-02-27 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Behandlung von Werkstoffen |
FR997743A (fr) * | 1948-12-23 | 1952-01-09 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Additifs aux huiles lubrifiantes |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0334130A1 (de) * | 1988-03-23 | 1989-09-27 | Kao Corporation | Öl für die plastische Verarbeitung von Metall |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US3130159A (en) | 1964-04-21 |
GB904964A (en) | 1962-09-05 |
BE591045A (de) | |
NL251813A (de) | |
CH440518A (de) | 1967-07-31 |
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