DE10358296B4 - Clamping and / or spreading tool - Google Patents

Abstract

prestressed and / or spreading tool with a drive for shifting a thrust or drawbar (3, 103) with a fixed jaw fixed thereto relative to a support holding a fixed jaw (5, 105) in the longitudinal direction comprising a torsion spring (23, 123) and with the torsion spring (23, 123) 123) rotatably driven drive wheel (25, 135) connected to the Push or pull rod (3, 103) for their displacement in torque transmitting Intervention can be brought.

Description

The The invention relates to a clamping and / or spreading tool for displacement a push or pull rod with a permanently attached movable Jaw relative to a stationary jaw holding carrier in the longitudinal direction the push or pull rod.

It is known, in particular to provide clamping and / or spreading tools with a step gear, with which both the movable jaw for stationary jaw is gradually approached as well as the tension jaws to be created between the jaws can be applied. Such a clamping and / or spreading tool is from the DE 3917473 A1 known, which has a stepping gear with a sufficiently large pitch per actuation stroke of a drive arm of the indexer, wherein with relatively low operating force clamping forces can be caused during clamping of a gripped between the jaws object. Such a clamping and / or spreading tool has proven very successful in everyday use.

The US Pat. No. 6,568,667 B1 discloses a tensioning and / or spreading tool with identical step gear and an additional quick-closing drive, the on actuation a reverse lock, which a displacement of the push or pull rod against the feed direction the step gear prevents a closing of the jaws, so one Movement of the movable jaw towards the stationary jaw operates. The prime mover of the quick-closing drive is a helical compression spring formed between support points acts on a side facing away from the movable jaw of the carrier. A disadvantage of this quick-closing mechanism is that a high Space is required to the quick-closing mechanism the necessary way to develop the stored driving force provide. Furthermore, goes with the coil spring a non-linear power delivery, i. at the beginning of the closing movement occur high pressure forces on, gradually while the closing movement lose weight. The well-known drive involves a risk of injury the explosive closing movable cheek in itself. Furthermore calls for the duck feather arrangement a long drive path for the deployment of the driving force, so that such Clamping and / or spreading tools have a large axial extent and are very difficult, what the handle of the clamping and / or spreading tool difficult.

Out US 4,770,401 A is a motorized C-clamping tool is known in which a battery-powered drive system realizes a shift of the push or pull rod. The drive system includes a drive gear that drives a drive gear rotatably supported about the push rod and engaged with a radially inner drive shaft with an outer thread of the push rod.

It object of the invention, the disadvantages of the prior art to overcome, in particular a drive for a clamping and / or spreading tool for continuous particular Relocate a push or pull rod provide, with low spatial Dimensions and a lower weight for the clamping and spreading tool are provided and a uniform closing movement ensured in particular a uniform closing force is.

These The object is solved by the features of claim 1. After that a rotationally drivable transmission element is provided, which is connected to the thrust or pull rod cooperates to their displacement. The rotary drivable Transmission element does not require a drive path extending in a longitudinal direction, whereby the axial extent of the clamping and / or spreading tool according to the invention considerably opposite the known clamping and / or spreading tools with appropriate Functionality is reduced. These dimensions do not only cause a reduction in weight, but also improve the handling ability with the clamping and / or spreading tool to the effect that no more than the carrier projecting push or pull rod sections, an operation of the tensioning and / or spreading tool, in particular of the step transmission hinder. Especially in confined spaces, in which clamping or spreading forces are introduced and the handle of the step transmission is restricted, If the clamping device according to the invention and / or spreading tool much easier than the known operated become. While the well-known quick release mechanism with helical compression spring also a risk of injury to the operator to the effect that body parts between the spiral turns can be pinched and the driving forces delivered explosively, has the drive according to the invention such danger potentials not on.

According to the invention the transmission element is operatively coupled to a rotary motor. Of the Rotary engine is as a mechanical engine with mechanical energy storage a torsion spring. The mechanical engine is opposite the electric one Alternative advantageous in that they are of electrical energy supply is independent.

According to the invention, the rotationally driven transmission element is a drive wheel. The drive wheel can be brought into rotationally transmitting engagement with the push or pull rod. Preferably, the drive wheel is arranged directly Berühr rend with the push or pull bar particularly for a frictional or frictional engagement. The drive wheel is associated with the push or pull rod, that the rotational movement of the drive wheel can be converted into a translational movement for the push or pull rod operatively. In this embodiment of the transmission element as a drive wheel, a torsion spring can be used as a motor, which in particular has a single rotational drive direction. In order to ensure a displacement of the push or pull rod in both longitudinal directions of the push or pull rod, a corresponding gear arrangement between the torsion spring and the rotational movement in a translational motion converting component is interposed. When using an electric motor, the displacement in both longitudinal directions of the push or pull rod can be realized simply by reversing the direction of rotation by reversing the polarity of the electric motor.

at a preferred embodiment of the drive according to the invention In particular with a torsion spring motor is a mechanism for changing the Displacement direction of the thrust or Drawbar provided. The change can be from a closing shift in an opening shift and / or vice versa. Preferably, the mechanism a direction of rotation changer, which is designed to be the Push or pull rod of the transmission element notified torque reverse. When the electric motor, the direction of rotation changer than Umpoler executed which automatically, for example, when detecting a on the tool manually applied force or activated by an actuator is.

at a special design the direction of rotation changer, in particular in the case of a torsion spring motor, is a transmission component for converting a rotational movement in one translational movement between the transmission element and the thrust or pull rod arranged. The particular rotationally drivable transmission component is in and out of a torque transferable engagement with the Gear element brought. In the transmission configuration for a torque transferable Intervention is a shift of the push or pull rod in one Direction possible, while in a releasing engagement with the transmission element position of Transmission member provided an opposite direction of displacement is. The change of the transmission component from an active position for converting the Drehbe movement in a translational movement in a passive, Drehbewegungsumsetzfreie position and vice versa, can be performed manually by the operator.

at a special design the mechanism for changing the displacement direction is an intermediate transmission element provided, with the transmission element and the transmission component operationally coupled is. This coupling is mutually exclusive. For example, drives in a first transmission configuration for a first displacement direction the transmission element, the transmission component via the intermediate transmission element at. In a second transmission configuration, the transmission element drives the transmission component directly without the interposition of the transmission element at.

Preferably is the intermediate transmission element with the transmission element and / or the transmission component in positive or non-positive engagement can be brought. there can a friction contact or a toothed connection used become.

at a development of the invention is the mechanism for changing the direction of displacement with a particular of the clamping and / or Manually operating spreading tool on the operating person Circuit for dialing provided the displacement direction. The circuit can in particular formed in an electric motor configuration by a shift lever be. In the case of a trained as a torsion spring engine is the Circuit as an actuator formed, which activates and / or deactivates the direction of rotation changer.

Especially in a clamping and / or spreading tool of known design with step gear and Return lock to prevent displacement of the push or pull rod the feed direction of the step transmission can according to the invention, the Rückdrücksperre as an actuator of Circuit can be used.

The actuator comprises one in particular unconfirmed Locking position to prevent a shift of the push or pull rod in closing and / or opening direction. In the execution of the actuating element through the backpressure lock a step transmission is the blocking position by an unactuated position the Rückdrücksperre formed. For one, a shift of the push or pull rod is functional against the feed direction of the indexer, so to open the Jaws, blocked.

The actuating element may have a first release position for releasing a rotational movement for a first displacement direction. In particular, in the reverse lock as an actuating element, this first release position can be realized in that the lever of the reverse lock is easily operated, especially in one Intermediate position, so that the blocking function is canceled and a shift of the push or pull rod against the feed direction of the stepper is possible.

Of further, the actuating element a second release position, in particular an end or stop position, for releasing a rotational movement for a second displacement direction. In particular, at the Rückdrücksperre as actuator This second release position can be achieved by the lever the backpressure lock Completely actuated is, so up to a stop, which, for example, a reverser is activatable, so that a Displacement of the push or pull rod opposite to the first Displacement direction, so for example, to open the jaws realized is.

Especially at a release position is for a mechanism for changing the displacement direction with transmission component and intermediate gear member provided an actuator which either the transmission component or the intermediate transmission element provides such that one of both in or out of a positive or non-positive engagement with is brought to the transmission element.

Further The invention relates to a clamping or spreading tool with a drive according to the invention.

Further Advantages, features and characteristics of the invention are achieved by the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying Drawings clearly showing:

1a a side view of an embodiment of a clamping and / or spreading tool according to the invention with an open jaw position;

1b a cross-sectional view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 1a along the section line AA;

2 a side view of a further embodiment according to the invention of a clamping and / or spreading tool with open jaw position, wherein an inventive drive is shown in its drive mode for opening the jaws;

3 a side view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 2 wherein the drive according to the invention is shown in its drive operation for closing the jaws;

4 a side view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 2 with a deactivated drive, wherein a mechanism according to the invention for charging drive energy during a closing movement of the jaws is shown;

5 a side view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 2 with a deactivated drive, wherein the mechanism according to the invention for charging drive energy during an opening movement of the clamping jaws is shown;

6a a side view of another embodiment of a clamping and / or spreading tool according to the invention with clamping jaws in chucking state;

6b an end view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 6a ;

7a a side view of the inventive embodiment of the clamping and / or spreading according to 6a . 6b with an open jaw configuration;

7b a cross-sectional view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 7a along the section line BB;

8a a side view of the clamping and / or spreading tool according to the 6a to 7b in an operation mode of closing the jaws;

8b an end view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 8a ;

9a a side view of another embodiment of a clamping and / or spreading tool according to the invention with an open jaw configuration;

9b a plan view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 9a ;

9c an enlarged detail view of the area C according to 9b ;

9d an end view of the clamping and / or spreading according to 9a ,

The in the 1a and 1b illustrated preferred embodiment of a clamping and / or spreading tool 1 includes a push or pull rod 3 attached to a carrier 5 is movably mounted in the longitudinal direction. The carrier 5 includes a closed housing 7 , being on a tension side 9 the push or pull rod 3 a fixed jaw 11 is provided, that of a movable jaw 13 diametrically opposed, which at one end 14 the push or pull rod 3 is releasably attached.

In 1a is the Spannbetriebsmodus the clamping and / or spreading tool 1 shown. Is the moving cheek 13 at the opposite end 16 the push or pull rod 3 attached, has the clamping and / or spreading tool 1 a spread mode of operation.

On the tension side 9 opposite actuating side 15 the pull or push rod 3 is on the carrier 5 a handle 17 to hold the clamping and / or spreading tool with one hand in one piece. In addition, on the carrier 5 a step transmission 19 stored, which will be explained in detail later. The housing 7 of the carrier 5 includes and protects a drive according to the invention 21 by a torsion spring 23 having an axis of rotation, and a rotatably mounted drive wheel 25 is formed, whose axis of rotation with the axis of rotation of the torsion spring 23 coincides.

The drive wheel 25 is force transmitting with a longitudinal edge 27 the push or pull rod 3 engaged. In 1a is the torque-transmitting engagement by frictional engagement between the drive wheel 5 and push or pull rod 3 educated.

The drive wheel 25 is so on the carrier 5 stored, that in each displacement position of the push or pull rod 3 an engagement of the drive wheel 25 with the push or pull rod 3 is guaranteed. The drive wheel 25 is formed of a rubber-containing material, wherein the push or pull rod 3 to the drive wheel 25 such is that a bias force generating a normal force between the two components acts.

With this embodiment of a rotationally driven transmission element in the form of a drive wheel 25 and a torsion spring 23 as a motor and energy storage is the push or pull rod 3 in each of its displacement positions, a driving force for closing the jaws 11 . 13 communicated, so a driving force to move the push or pull rod 3 from right to left, as in 1a indicated by the arrow S, such as closing direction.

Due to the constant engagement of the drive wheel 25 with the push or pull rod 3 is further ensured that during an opening movement of the clamping jaw 13 , ie during a movement of the push or pull rod 3 from left to right, the torsion spring 23 is tensioned to the subsequent opening operation sufficient potential energy to re-open the clamping and / or spreading tool 1 provide.

A torsion spring 23 as an engine is advantageous in that it provides for a substantially continuous torque supply, so that a continuous closing operation is provided with a uniform closing force and closing speed.

The frictional force used to transmit the torque from the drive wheel 25 on the push or pull rod 3 is necessary to adjust in such a way in particular by choosing a high coefficient of friction, that it is at a standstill of the push or pull rod 3 not to spin the drive wheel 25 comes. In this way it is ensured that the potential energy of the torsion spring 23 not independently by slipping of the drive wheel 25 solves.

The execution according to the 2 and 3 represents a clamping and / or spreading tool, which is essentially of the clamping and / or spreading according to 1a and 1b differs in that an alternative embodiment of a drive according to the invention is provided for the clamping and / or spreading tool. For better readability of the figure description are for identical and similar components for execution according to the 1a and 1b uses identical reference numerals, which are increased by 100, wherein it does not need a re-explanation of the operation of the components.

The 2 and 3 show two different drive configurations of a transmission of a drive according to the invention. In both configurations, the drive is a release of a latch 131 from a pawl toothing 133 activated.

In the transmission configuration according to 2 will open the jaws 111 and 113 realized. The opening direction of the displacement of the push and / or pull rod 103 is indicated by O.

The drive according to the invention 121 comprises a rotatably drivable transmission element, which serves as a drive wheel 135 over a torsion spring 123 is driven. The torsion spring 123 is mounted such that a rotation of the drive wheel 135 is effected in a clockwise direction.

One with the drive wheel 135 torque transmitting coupled intermediate gear 137 turns counterclockwise through the drive wheel 135 rotated, the Zwischengetrieberad 137 torque transmitting a trained as a transmission component for converting a rotational movement in a translational movement driven wheel 139 drives. The driven wheel 139 comes with the operating side 115 facing edge 127 the push or pull rod 103 force transmitting into engagement. Because the output gear 139 is driven in a clockwise rotary motion, the thrust or drawbar 103 communicated a translational tensile force, which the movable jaw 113 in the opening direction O from the stationary jaw 111 remove.

All torque transfers can either by friction or by positive engagement in Form of gears or realized by a combination of both become.

Subsequently, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be explained, which includes a mechanism for changing the displacement direction of an opening displacement, as in 2 is shown in a closing displacement and vice versa, which operating mode in 3 is shown.

The mechanism for changing the direction of displacement has a circuit which is actuated by a Rückdrücksperre. The reverse lock represents a blockade against the displacement of the push or pull rod against the feed direction of the indexer, which is indicated by the arrow V. The blocking effect of the non-return is by tilting a passage area of a release lever 141 with the push or pull rod 103 accomplished.

So should the push or pull rod 103 in the opening direction O ( 2 ), the feed direction V of the step transmission 119 is opposite, to be relocated, so is the release lever 141 to operate to the acting in the opening direction O blocking effect of the release lever 141 due to the canting of the release lever 141 with the push or pull rod 103 exists to solve. The operation of the release lever 141 is in 2 not shown in detail. It is enough a slight tilting of the release lever 141 to cancel the blocking effect in the opening direction O.

If now the direction of displacement is to be changed from O to S, the release lever is 141 to push so hard ( 3 ), that a switching device is activated by a displaceable in its longitudinal direction pressure rod 143 is formed on a warehouse 145 for the output gear 139 suppressed. The warehouse 145 ensures a shift of the driven gear 139 in the longitudinal direction, namely in the closing direction S, the push or pull rod 103 , A bias, not shown, in particular a compression spring, for the bearing presses the driven wheel 139 in the in 2 shown position, in the output gear 139 with the intermediate gear 137 engaged.

When pressing the push rod 143 That is, when the circuit is activated, the bearing becomes 145 the output gear 139 moved so that the output gear 139 from the intermediate gear 137 comes free and in an immediate torque-transmitting contact with the drive wheel 135 arrives. With this structural design, a rotation direction changer is integrated in the drive, which changes the direction of rotation of the output gear 139 realized. In the switched state ( 3 ) drives the rotational movement of the torsion spring 123 driven drive wheel 135 the output gear 139 counterclockwise, causing the push or pull rod 103 is moved continuously in the closing direction S.

In both in the 2 and 3 shown gear configurations are driven wheel, Zwischengetrieberad and driven gear at their torque transfer points biased such that a sufficient normal force is generated to form the required frictional force for torque transmission. The required pressure force of the driven wheel 139 against the push or pull rod 103 is in the opening mechanism according to 2 due to the preload of the bearing 143 ensured, with the required pressure force in the closing mechanism according to 3 through the pressure rod 143 at the release lever 141 notified actuation force is ensured.

In the 4 and 5 is a clamping and / or spreading tool 101 shown in terms of the structural design of the clamping and / or spreading tool according to the 2 and 3 is essentially identical. For better readability of the figure description, identical reference numerals are used for identical or similar components. A new explanation of the identical or similar components is not required.

The clamping and / or spreading tool 101 according to the 4 and 5 differs in the operating state of the drive relative to the clamping and / or spreading tool according to the 2 and 3 , The drive is in fact by the pawl 131 disabled, in one on the drive wheel 135 radially external toothing 133 is engaged and thus the release of the torsion spring 123 stored rotary drive energy blocked.

In this mode of operation, the torsion spring 123 fed the necessary for closing and opening rotary drive energy. By moving the push or pull rod 103 is about that between the push or pull rod 103 and the torsion spring 123 arranged gear rotation to the drive wheel 135 induced counterclockwise, causing the torsion spring 123 is tense.

With the aid of the mechanism for changing the direction of displacement described above, the clamping operation can be independent of a particular displacement direction of the push or pull rod will be realized.

In 4 the loading mechanism is shown in an operating constellation in which a tensioning of the torsion spring 123 by closing the jaws 111 . 113 is realized. When moving the push or pull rod 103 from right to left, ie in the closing direction S, the output wheel 139 induced a counterclockwise rotation, wherein the Zwischengetrieberad 137 a rotation is communicated in the clockwise direction. By turning the drive wheel 135 counterclockwise becomes the torsion spring 123 tightened or pulled counterclockwise.

Since anyway for opening the jaws, ie for a movement of the push or pull rod from left to right, the back pressure lock by the release lever 141 must be pressed, is at full actuation of the release lever 141 automatically ensured that over the push rod 143 the direction of rotation changer is activated and the driven wheel 139 is released from engagement with the intermediate gear.

On This way it is possible with the drive according to the invention, a Charging potential energy into the drive storage energy supply, wherein a charging operation is both in opening and closing feasible. So if the movable jaw on the stationary jaw by means of Stepping gear is moved automatically, the torsion spring of the drive curious; excited. Charging by moving the push or pull back and forth Drawbar is possible.

In the 6a . 6b . 7a . 7b . 8a and 8b a further embodiment of a clamping and / or spreading tool according to the invention with an alternative embodiment of a drive for the continuous displacement of a push or pull rod is shown. For better readability, identical or similar components to the above embodiments are provided with the same reference numeral, which is increased by 100 or 200. A new explanation of the identical or similar components as their operation does not need.

The execution according to the 6a to 8b differs from the above statements in the design of the drive. A device for pulling the push or pull rod from an open position as shown in Figs 7a is shown in a closed position, as in 6a is shown is provided. The traction device is in the execution according to the 6a to 8b through a torsion spring 223 formed with a windable strand 245 is coupled. The windable strand 245 is at its free end to the push or pull rod 203 attached. For this purpose, a fastening device 247 provided, which via a release button 248 from the push or pull rod 203 is releasable to the fastening device 247 of the windable strand 245 along the push or pull rod 203 to implement. For example, in clamping and / or spreading tools for particularly wide objects 249 is a very long push or pull rod (not shown here) provided. In order not to have to use an equally long pulling device, the fastening device 247 closer to the carrier 205 be moved.

For the wound strand 245 is a coil 251 provided on which the windable strand 245 when tightening the jaw 213 is windable. The winding strand 245 extends from the coil 251 over one near the coil towards the movable jaw 213 staggered leadership 253 , which the winding strand 245 into a depression 255 the push or pull rod 203 passes. From the leadership 253 the winding strand is running 245 along the push or pull rod 203 in their deepening 255 to the fastening device 247 ,

The winding strand 245 may be formed as a thread or as a metallic reinforced Stoffaden. Also nylon cords with a small cross section can be used as a winding strand.

The push or pull rod 203 with the recess 255 for receiving the winding strand 245 is how in 7b can be seen as I-beam with two lateral recesses 255 executed. The recesses are dimensioned such that the winding strand without contact with respect to the housing 207 of the carrier 205 can slide along.

A particular inventive measure is the rotatably mounted coil 251 that with the torsion spring 223 coupled rotationally driving, a damping device 257 assign that in the schematic 6a . 7a and 8a is indicated.

The damping device 257 is designed by the pulling force of the pulling device on the movable jaw 213 dampening acting force such that a controllable closing speed of the movable jaw 213 is guaranteed. The desired closing speed depends on the wishes of the clamping and / or spreading tool 201 using people. The damping device 257 may be based on a friction loss or pantotransfer principle of a working fluid.

The damping device 257 is particularly advantageous, a torsion spring should be used, which bie a non-linear power supply tet. The damping device 257 may be tuned to the torsion spring, that a linear power transmission is achieved.

In the in the 6a to 8b shown drive according to the invention is a mechanism for storing and charging of energy realized by the torsion spring. The lowest level value in the memory contains the torsion spring 223 then when the jaws 211 and 213 are closed. By pulling away the clamping jaw 213 from the fixed cheek 211 with slight actuation of the release lever 241 the non-return lock for releasing the clamping and / or spreading tool is the torsion spring 223 over the winding strand 245 curious; excited. When the release lever is released 241 spend feathers 259 and 261 the release lever 241 in one opposite the push or pull rod 203 tilted position. The friction and tilting forces occurring in the tilted position are so great that an independent closing of the clamping jaw 213 by the drawbar is not possible. The required friction or canting force on the release lever 241 Can take into account the spring constant of the springs 259 and 261 be set.

If the operator activates the release lever 241 , so the friction or tilting forces are released on the push or pull rod, whereby the rotational drive energy in the torsion spring 223 is released and the movable jaw on the winding strand 245 for fixed cheek 211 pulled out. The operating state of the closing is in the 8a and 8b shown. The drawbar acts until the object 249 from the cheeks 211 . 213 is taken ( 6a . 6b ) and the tensile force of the torsion spring 223 is no longer sufficient, another shift the push or pull rod 203 to effect in the closing direction S.

After terminating the quick-closing operation by the traction device according to the invention can via the indexer 219 the object 249 high clamping forces are communicated which stepping gear small step size will be described in more detail later.

In the 9a to 9d another clamping and / or spreading tool according to the invention is shown, for better legibility of the figure description for identical or similar components, the same reference numerals are used, which are increased by 100, 200 or 300, wherein it does not re-explanation of identical or similar components requirement.

The execution of the clamping and / or spreading tool 301 according to the 9a to 9d differs from the execution of the clamping and / or spreading tool according to the 6a to 8b in that the means for pulling the movable jaw 313 on the fixed cheek 311 exclusively with a torsion spring 323 is accomplished, ie without the use of a winding strand, which the torsion spring with the push or pull rod 303 or the movable jaw 313 combines.

The torsion spring 323 according to the execution of 9a to 9d is a spiral spring, which rotates in the housing 207 of the carrier 205 is stored. To store the rotational drive energy, the spiral belt spring can be unwound, wherein the unwound section 365 in the depression 355 the push or pull rod is added. The base 367 the spiral belt spring is for winding up the unwound spiral belt section 365 rotatable on the carrier 305 stored. The free end of the unwindable spiral band section 365 is at the push or pull rod 303 or on the moving jaw 313 attached. The necessary fastening device (not shown here) for the spiral belt section 365 is detachable, wherein the fastening device along the push or pull rod 303 can be implemented, especially in large to exciting objects (not shown here) not to cause excessive unwinding of the spiral spring.

The particular advantage of the spiral spring is in a uniform linear driving force of the movable jaw regardless of the distance traveled 313 or the push or pull rod 303 tell.

Consequently Fulfills the spiral belt spring both the task of a traction device as also that of a damping device for generating uniform closing speeds.

To accommodate the with the spiral band section 365 wound spiral band base 367 can the case 307 have a lateral opening through which the base 367 including wound spiral band section 365 What can happen in the 9b and 9c is shown.

The closing operation mode and the operation of the clamping and / or spreading tool 303 with the spiral belt spring substantially corresponds to the clamping and / or spreading tool 203 that according to the 6a to 8b Is described with the winding device used there with the drawstring.

After caused by the spiral belt spring closing movement of the movable jaw 313 can by means of the step transmission 319 small increment the desired high clamping force between the jaws 311 and 313 being constructed.

In the following, the structure and operation of the stepper is described small increments, which corresponds to stepping gear substantially to that in the German DE 10 335 365 A1 the applicant is given.

The step transmission 19 to 319 is designed to force a power of the clamping and / or spreading tool 1 to 301 to provide, where the push or pull rod 3 to 303 in the feed direction V with small increments is displaced. In this power operation is an effective lever of a drive arm 71 to 371 effective, which effective lever by the distance of a pivot bearing 73 to 373 of the drive arm 71 to 371 and a force entry bolt 75 to 375 is defined. As the operating lever of the drive arm 71 to 371 is far larger than the active lever, clamping forces can be generated which are 10 times higher than those which are possible with the step transmission according to US Patent 6,568,667.

By a in the housing 307 mounted compression spring 77 to 377 becomes a driving slide 79 to 379 always on the force entry bolt 75 to 375 of the drive arm 71 to 371 pressed. Furthermore, the compression spring is used 77 to 377 to the driving slide 79 to 379 in one always opposite the push or pull rod 3 to 303 To bring tilted position. This is achieved in that the pressure force input point of the compression spring 77 to 377 closer to the push or pull rod 3 to 303 lies as the force entry bolt 75 to 375 , whereby the driving slide 79 to 379 around the force entry bolt 75 to 375 is pivoted counterclockwise until the driving slide 79 to 379 with the push or pull rod 3 to 303 canted. This ensures that upon actuation of the drive arm 71 to 371 in a pivoting movement about the pivot bearing 73 to 373 directly a displacement of the push or pull rod is effected, which immediately clamping forces between the jaws 13 . 15 to 313 . 315 can be caused. After a stroke of the drive arm 71 to 371 the latter is to be released by the operator, whereby the compression spring 77 to 377 the Mitnehmerverkantung the driving slide 79 to 379 opposite the push or pull rod 3 to 303 releases and the drive arm 71 to 371 in the in the 9a For example, shown starting position is returned.

The favorable leverage ratios for the stepping gear small increment is realized mainly by the fact that both the pivot bearing 73 to 373 as well as the force entry bolt 375 on the tension side 9 to 309 lie.

The features disclosed in the foregoing description, the figures and the claims may be of importance both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in the various embodiments. For example, it is possible to exchange and combine the different drive mechanisms with each other. For example, it is quite in the inventive concept, the damping device ( 257 ) with torsion spring drives, as in the 1a and 1b or 2 to 5 presented, to combine.

1, 101, 201, 301

prestressed and / or spreading tool

3, 103, 203, 303

Thrust- or drawbar

5, 105, 205, 305

carrier

7, 107, 207, 307

casing

9 109, 209, 309

clamping side

11 111, 211, 311

firm jaw

13 113, 213, 313

portable jaw

14 114, 214, 314

The End the push or pull rod

15 115, 215, 315

actuating side the push or pull rod

16 116, 216, 316

The End the push or pull rod

17 117, 217, 317

Handle

19 119, 219, 319

step gear

21 121, 221, 321

drive

23 123, 223, 323

torsion spring

25

drive wheel

27 127, 227, 327

longitudinal edge the push or pull rod

41 141, 241, 341

release lever

55, 155, 255, 355

deepening

71, 171, 271, 371

drive arm

73 173, 273, 373

pivot bearing

75, 175, 275, 375

Force input pins

77, 177, 277, 377

compression spring

79, 179, 279, 379

follower

131

pawl

133

pawl teeth

135

drive wheel

137

intermediate gear

139

drive wheel

143

pressure bar

144

camp

245

windable strand

247

fastening device

248

release button

249

einzuspannender object

251

Kitchen sink

253

guide

255 355

deepening

257

attenuator

259

feather

261

feather

365

Spiral belt section

367

Base

O

opening direction

S

closing direction

V

feed direction of the step transmission

Claims (13)

Clamping and / or spreading tool with a drive for displacing a push or pull rod ( 3 . 103 ) with a fixed jaw fixed thereto, relative to a support holding a fixed jaw ( 5 . 105 ) in the longitudinal direction comprising a torsion spring ( 23 . 123 ) and one with the torsion spring ( 23 . 123 ) rotatably driven drive wheel ( 25 . 135 ), with the push or pull rod ( 3 . 103 ) can be brought to their displacement in torque-transmitting engagement. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive wheel ( 25 . 135 ) the push or pull rod ( 3 . 103 ) frictionally or non-positively contacted, preferably on the push or pull rod unrolls such that a rotational movement of the drive wheel in a translational movement of the push or pull rod ( 3 . 103 ) is implemented. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive wheel ( 25 . 135 ) has an axis of rotation, with which a rotational axis of the torsion spring ( 23 . 123 ) coincides. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a mechanism for changing the displacement direction of the push or pull rod ( 103 ) of a closing direction S, in particular for applying clamping or spreading forces, in an opening direction 0 and / or vice versa is provided. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the mechanism has a direction of rotation changer, which is adapted to the on the push or pull rod ( 103 ) by the drive wheel ( 135 ) to reverse acting rotary drive torque. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a gear component ( 139 ) for converting a rotational movement into a translatory movement between the drive wheel ( 135 ) and the push or pull rod ( 103 ), wherein in particular the transmission component ( 139 ) into and out of a torque-transmitted engagement with the drive wheel ( 131 can be brought and / or in particular is movably mounted such that it is in an active position for implementing a rotational movement of the drive wheel ( 139 ) in a translational movement of the push or pull rod ( 103 ) and in a passive, drehbewegungsumsetzfreie position can be brought. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the mechanism for changing the displacement direction, an intermediate transmission element ( 137 ), which with the drive wheel ( 135 ) and the transmission component ( 139 ) is operationally coupled, wherein in particular the drive wheel ( 135 ) in a first transmission configuration for a first displacement direction, the transmission component via the intermediate transmission element ( 137 ) and in a second transmission configuration for a second, opposite displacement direction, the transmission component ( 139 ) drives directly. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the intermediate gear part ( 137 ) with the drive wheel ( 135 ) and / or the transmission component ( 139 ) in positive or non-positive engagement, in particular in a frictional or gearing engagement, can be brought. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the Mechanism a circuit for dialing has the direction of displacement. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 9, characterized in that the circuit is an actuating element ( 141 ), which activates and / or deactivates a rotation direction changer. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 10, characterized in that the actuating element ( 141 ) a barrier against a displacement of the push or pull rod ( 103 ) in an opening direction O, in particular for holding clamping and / or spreading forces between the jaws. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the actuating element ( 141 ) a particular unactuated locking position for preventing a displacement of the push or pull rod in closing (S) - and / or opening direction (O), a first release position for releasing a rotational movement for a ste he displacement direction and a second release position for releasing a rotational movement for a has second displacement direction. Clamping and / or spreading tool according to claim 12, characterized in that in a release position of the actuating element ( 141 ) one Actuator ( 143 ) the transmission component ( 139 ) or the intermediate transmission element ( 137 ), in particular the transmission component ( 139 ) in positive or non-positive engagement with the drive wheel ( 135 ) brings.