DE10321532A1 - Sand mold box machine has workstations to fill the boxes with sand and compress the sand filling, without recirculating or reciprocating filling frames to shorten cycle times and increase sand filling times - Google Patents

Abstract

To produce sand mold boxes a model unit (4.02) is shrouded and moved vertically in a telescopic action by a sliding model filling frame (4.03), to take the mold box (4.01) on its upper surface to take the loose sand. In the lower position, the model filling frame rests on the laying surface (4.39) of the model unit. At the workstation (A),the filling frame is raised by the lifting table (2.01) at the rolling path (2.03) for the filling zone (2.39) to be charged with sand during a time span of 60% of the total cycle. At the next workstation (B), the sand is compressed by a tamping frame (3.14).

Description

The invention relates to a method and a molding machine for manufacturing box-bound sand molds using one of the upper box and lower box model existing pair of model plates, the upper and lower box shapes in succession are produced and the individual steps for producing a shape in Stations of a molding machine lying in a straight line one behind the other and working in parallel be performed.

Molding machines of this type are from the documents WO 95/31302 and EP-0995521 known. These two designs initially have in common that they have two straight lines have consecutive workstations, being in the first station (Sand filling station) Mold box and model plate are put together and filled with molding sand and in the second station (compression station) compression and demolding he follows. Furthermore, these two types have in common that together with the Mold box transport of the molding line the molding unit filled with molding sand from the Sand filling station is transported to the compaction station while at the same time on a lower one Level the model plate lowered in the compaction station back to the sand filling station is transported.

In WO / 9531302, two filling frames are in circulation, one of the two filling frames in the sand filling station is picked up and up on an upper level a lower mold box transport level as part of the with molding sand filled molding unit (model plate, molding box, filling frame) together with Mold box transport of the molding line is transported from the sand filling station to the compression station. The other filling frame is in the compaction station after compaction on the top Layer separated from the molding box and at this level at the same time as the Mold box transport from the compaction station to the sand filling station. Especially the extremely large vertical distance between Mold box transport path and the working positions when compacting and sand filling in the Flask. Driving through these extremely long paths takes time and thereby lengthens it Cycle time of the molding machine and also limits the time for that Pour sand into the mold box. A particular disadvantage is that the still on the Model plate lying on top, compressed form can be lowered over an extremely long way before the mold box is placed on the roller conveyor for demolding. By Acceleration and deceleration processes can inevitable dynamic forces lead to the tearing off of sensitive shaped bales.

In EP-0995521 five filling frames are in circulation, the filling frames in front of each Sand filling station are placed on the molding box and after going through the Sand filling station and the compaction station behind the compaction station again from Molding box can be removed. The filling frames are returned on the back of the Molding machine, whereby for the filling frame transport from and to the rear of the molding machine Corresponding transport trolleys are provided. One is advantageous here significantly shorter cycle time and that for the molding box with the filling frame on top result in only very slight vertical lifting movements in the work stations and thereby immediately after the compression the demolding process without intermediate stroke and so that it can be introduced without dynamic forces acting on the mold. On Another advantage is that by dividing the work steps accordingly sufficient time for a time-extended and finely metered sand filling in the Mold box is available. The disadvantage is the high level of effort required for the Filling frame return transport and for the additional stations for placing and removing the Filling frame, resulting in a four-station molding machine with a corresponding disadvantage Overall length results.

Before the two aforementioned molding machines according to WO95 / 31302 and EP-0995521 a two-station molding machine with one was already known on the market Sand filling station and a compression station known, but only one filling frame having. Apart from the number of filling frames and the filling frame return has this molding machine has the same features as the molding machine according to WO95 / 31302. The only filling frame used and resting on a transport track is in the Sand filling station taken from the molding box, the one on the model plate the mold box lying on it is lifted approx. 100 mm from its roller conveyor. After this The molding unit consisting of model plate, molding box and filling frame is filled with sand moved together with the mold box transport to the compression station, whereby Simultaneously on a lower level the other model from the compression station to Sand filling station is driven back. After the compaction, the filling frame becomes after a small lowering stroke of approx. 10 mm on a transport track, after which the Form box is placed on its roller conveyor after another approx. 100 mm and what that Demolding begins. With the start of demolding, the filling frame is spaced approx. 100 mm above the molding box transported back to the sand filling station and there, as before described, again taken up by the next molding box. The distance of approx. 100 mm between the filling frame and the molding box is required to be stripped off to prevent molding sand protruding from the molding box. This state of the art has the disadvantage that the use of a single filler frame by the Time constraint of the filling frame return a corresponding expenditure of function time requires what leads to a correspondingly long cycle time of the molding machine and also the Sand filling time in the mold box is significantly reduced. Another disadvantage is that before demoulding the distance of approx. 100 mm with acceleration and deceleration Loss of time must be driven through.

The object of the present invention is to avoid the ones described above Disadvantages and while maintaining the advantages described above for EP-0995521 Propose method and a molding machine, with what further use a sand filling station and then the following compaction station (two stations Molding machine) but without a circumferential or returnable filling frame Reduction of cycle times and at the same time an extension of the sand filling time in the molding box is, due to the extended sand filling time in layers and to the model contour adapted molding sand filling in the molding box is made possible.

With regard to the filling frame function, the object is achieved according to the invention by by the filling frame function in two steps, on the one hand a telescopic and vertically displaceable filling frame on the model carrier frame and on the other one on the Compression station arranged telescopically and vertically displaceable filling frame is assigned. The following is the one arranged on the model carrier frame Filling frame "Model filling frame" and the filling frame arranged at the compression station Called "compression filling frame". The model filling frame with the lowered one Model plate and with the molding box placed on it form the filling space for the loose molding sand that is filled in the sand filling station. In the compression station the compression filling frame is placed on the molding box and the model plate is raised within the model filling frame up to the mold box support surface, whereby the displaced loose molding sand is shifted into the compaction filling frame. The Compaction filling frame now has the usual filling frame function in the Mold compaction.

With regard to the sand filling in the molding box, the task is performed by a Mobile sand filling device with a sand guide funnel attached to the sand discharge solved, with which the molding sand in the time made available through a back and forth The running movement is applied in layers to the model or in the Mold box is filled. The sand guide funnel, the lower edge of which is at a short distance is moved to the surface of the molding box, has a rectangular horizontal Inner cross section, with the long side lying transverse to the direction of movement Covered inside of the molding box and the short side lying in the direction of movement approx. 1/4 of the inside of the molding box. The sand guide funnel is inside a sand protection frame that can be placed on the molding box, causing splashing out of the molding sand is prevented. The model-dependent amount of molding sand is from height-adjustable slides determined in sections at the outlet of the molding sand container through the sand guide funnels are arranged and also during of the molding sand discharge are adjustable for partial adjustment of the amount of molding sand. Due to the time-stretched and layer-by-layer sand filling into the molding box, one becomes gradually increasing and homogeneous filling of molding sand in all model sections, in particular the narrow and deep model pockets enables what an optimal shape compression is of particular importance. Optimal compression is dependent on the quality of the Form sand filling decisively influenced, so that the sand filling in the Molding box and the compaction of the same ranking manufacturing sections for manufacturing represent a shape.

The model filling frame telescopically encloses the from the model carrier frame and Model plate existing model unit and it is dimensionally accurate compared to the model unit guided and vertically movable. When the model fill frame is lowered its surface is level with the model plate surface. In the raised state of the Model fill frame is its surface compared to the model plate surface around required, from the height of the loose sand fill and an empty space height between Sand fill and molding box surface resulting filling frame height increased. The The vertical displacement of the model filling frame is based on these two levels mechanically limited. The surface of the model filling frame is the contact surface for the Mold box and the model filling frame is corresponding with the usual Provide centering elements. In the sand filling station, the model unit with the bottom existing model filling frame raised from a lifting device to the sand filling position, whereby the model filling frame picks up the molding box and slightly from it Roller conveyor takes off. Then a roller conveyor holding the model filling frame pivoted, after which the lifting device is lowered again. The Model filling frame placed on the swiveled roller conveyor while the still on the Lifting device exciting model unit up to a mechanical, in the outer area of the Model filling frame and the limit attached to the model unit further lowered and the lifting device then moves empty to the lower end position. The molding box lies now at a slight distance from its roller conveyor on the model filling frame and the model plate surface is around the dimension of the required filler frame height below the mold box support surface. The molding sand is now layered and filled evenly. The sand filling is to a certain extent below the Mold box surface performed so that between the surface of the loose Sand fill and the surface of the molding box leave an empty space and thus during transport no molding sand leading to contamination is stripped off to the compression station.

With the mold box transport of the molding line, the molding unit filled with molding sand becomes transported from the sand filling station to the compaction station. Here it becomes vertical movable compression filling frame lowered and placed on the molding box. The Compaction filling frame telescopically surrounds the compression unit and it is by means of Guide rods and lifting cylinders attached to it. Simultaneously with the lowering of the Compaction filling frame, the compression lifting table is raised, which after Passing through an idle stroke through the area of the lower of the model transport device Holds the model carrier frame and this with the model plate resting on it pushes up until the model plate surface matches the surface of the model fill frame is the same level and the model filling frame is also slightly different from its Roller conveyor is lifted off so that it can swing out for demolding. On The corresponding proportion of the loosely poured molding sand is up in the on Form box placed compression filling frame has been pushed, which is now the usual Filling frame function takes over during compression. It is the well-known Formkawmer which have been put together by the model plate surface, by the inner walls of the Molding box and the compression filling frame as well as from the bottom of the Compression unit is enclosed. At the contact areas between Compression filling frame and compression unit, between compression filling frame and molding box as well gaskets are arranged between the model filling frame and the molding box in order to Seal the mold chamber to the outside. Various can be used for compaction Compression processes such as air impulses, expansion presses, airflow presses, air impulses can be used with presses etc.

This method according to the invention enables a further method according to the invention Advantage for compacting the molding sand. The compression lifting table is increasing Passing through the idle stroke at its full stroke speed, the model unit also being the Model unit and thus the loose poured molding sand is suddenly accelerated, whereby the molding sand settles and inhomogeneous filling points are reduced. in the the air in the molding chamber is further increased by pushing up the molding sand compressed. The compressed air can be removed via model plate nozzles, which leads to fluidization of the molding sand. As soon as the compression lifting table is completely is raised, the compression process begins during the still effective fluidization. The fluidization can be additionally increased in the time parallel to Pushing up the molding sand still compressed air is blown into the molding chamber. On A particular advantage is that the fluidization of the molding material without additional Time spent lifting the model unit or pushing up the Molding sand takes place, so that the cycle time of the molding machine through the fluidization is not extended. This is not the case with the prior art. If none or only a few model plate nozzles can be used, but the compressed air can can also be used as the first preliminary stage of compression, after which the The main compression process follows. In addition, the displaced air can also via a valve free atmosphere can be dissipated. These different uses can be selected depending on the model requirements. In the further This advantage according to the invention can be used in all the compression methods mentioned above be applied.

When compacting, the molding box lies approx. 6 mm above its roller conveyor, so that Immediately after compaction begin to slowly lower the compaction lift table can, whereby the compression pressure is reduced and then after 6 mm Lowering stroke the demolding begins. The compression filling frame is raised to the extent that the molding box with the protruding molding sand is free under the Compression fill frame can extend. The model filling frame remains in the lower one when demolding Position, d. H. the surface of the model fill frame and the surface of the model plate remain at the same level. As previously described, the model unit is only in the Sand filling station lowered compared to the model filling frame.

Below is an embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings described. With regard to the classification of reference symbols, the list of reference symbols directed. The figures show:

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the molding machine with the sand filling station "A" and with the compression station "B", the compressed air pulse compression being shown as the compression method.

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the Sandeinfüllstation "A" according to section line AA, Fig. 1

Fig. 3 shows a cross section through the compression station "B", wherein the compressed air pulse compression is shown as a compression method. according to section line BB, FIG. 1

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the compression filling frame

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the model plate circulation

Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the pattern carrier unit according to section line CC, Fig. 8

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section through the pattern carrier unit according to section line DD, Fig. 8

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the model carrier unit

Fig. 9 shows a longitudinal section through the compression station "B", wherein the compression method and the expansion pressing and the airflow pressing is shown.

Fig. 1 shows the molding machine in a longitudinal section with the sand filling station A and the compression station B, wherein as a pair belongs together in A an upper box model and in B a lower box model. The top box model is shown with a raised model contour and the bottom box model with a recessed model contour. In addition, FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the sand filling station A and FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the compression station B. The model unit 4.02 shown in these figures has a telescopically and vertically displaceable model filling frame 4.03 on which the mold box 4.01 is received and which with the necessary centering elements 4.21 and 4.22 is provided. Model unit 4.02 and model filling frame 4.03 are described in detail elsewhere. The sand filling station A has a movable molding sand filling device 2.14 with a sand guide funnel 2.15 , with which the molding sand can be filled into the molding unit 4.05 in layers. In addition, the sand filling station A has a sand protection frame 2.11 which can be placed on the molding box 4.01 and into which the sand guide funnel 2.15 / 2.16 protrudes, which prevents the molding sand from spraying out when the molding sand is poured in layers. The sand filling station A also has a lifting table 2.01 for lifting the model / filling frame unit 4.04 (model unit 4.02 / model filling frame 4.03 ), a horizontally extendable roller conveyor 2.03 for transporting the molding unit 4.05 (model unit 4.02 , model filling frame 4.03 , molding box 4.01 ) from station A to station B and a lifting device 5.01 for the model change. The compression station B has the compression unit 3.14 with the compression filling frame 3.22 arranged telescopically thereon; which is guided vertically via the four guide rods 3.23 ( Fig. 3, 4) and which is vertically movable via the two cylinders 3.24 ( Fig. 3, 4). Furthermore, the compression station B has a lifting table 3.01 , with which the molding unit 4.05 is received for the compression process and with which the demolding or lowering of the model / filling frame unit 4.04 is carried out after the compression process. The compression station B also has a horizontally extendable roller conveyor 3.03 for transporting the molding unit 4.05 from station A to station B and a lifting device 5.02 for the model change.Finally , the compression station B also has a push-off device 3.12 , with which the model filling frame 4.03 is pressed down during demolding , so that the release of the model filling frame from the molded box 4.01 centered on it does not only depend on the weight of the model filling frame. The outside dimension 3.11 is determined by the adjacent dimension chain, which characterizes the height structure.

The individual devices of stations A and B are integrated in a machine frame, which consists of the head frame 1.02 , the base frame 1.01 and the column frames 1.03 . The roller conveyor 1.04 fastened to the column frames 1.03 runs through the machine frame for the transport of the molding boxes 4.01 , which are transported by the molding machine in intervals of one molding box division in the direction of arrow 1.08 after the work cycles carried out in stations A and B. The mold boxes lie against each other via their wear-resistant push pins 4.38, whereby the model filling frame 4.03 with the attached model unit 4.02 is carried on the upper model roller conveyors 2.03 and 303 on the molding box lying on the front of the model filling frame 4.03 . After the molding box has been transported, the molding boxes are fixed in the stations A1 and B1 by the centering devices 1.10 , so that the molding boxes located in the stations A and B have a slight play to one another and are therefore vertically movable. The roller conveyor 1.05, likewise fastened to the column frames 1.03 , for the return transport 1.09 of the model / filling frame unit 4.04 runs from the station B to the station A through the machine frame. In the present exemplary embodiment, the compressed air pulse method is shown for the compression. However, other compression methods can also be used, which will be discussed in detail elsewhere.

In FIG. 1, the output position of the mold machine is shown at the beginning of a working cycle. There is an upper box molding unit 4.05 (model unit 4.02 , model filling frame 4.03 , molding box 4.01 ) filled with loose molding sand in station A and a lower box with a finished mold in station B. In station A, the model filling frame 4.03 with its track 4.30 ( Fig. 2) stands on the indented upper model roller conveyor 2.03 , whereby the molding box 4.01 resting on the model filling frame 4.03 is 2.06 (approx. 3 mm) above its roller conveyor 1.04 . The model unit 4.02 is lowered within the model filling frame 4.03 and rests with the supporting bolts 4.23 ( Fig. 7) on the storage discs 4.24 made of impact-resistant plastic of the model filling frame 4.03 , which results in a filling space with the height 2.07 ( 3.07 , 4.07 . ) Between the model plate surface and the upper edge of the model filling frame ) results. The molding unit is filled with loose molding sand and the loose molding sand surface is 2.08 below the surface of the molding box, which prevents the molding sand from being stripped off during the transport of the molding box. Furthermore, in the starting position, the lifting table 2.01 is lowered, the sand protection frame 2.11 is raised and the molding sand filling device 2.14 is in the right-hand starting position 235 . In station B, the molded molding box 4.01 is set down on its roller conveyor 1.04 , the upper model roller conveyor 3.03 is engaged and the compression filling frame 3.22 has been lifted from the molded molding box to such an extent that the molding sand protruding from the top of the molding box is prevented from being stripped off during transport (dimension 3.09 ). The excess molding sand is cut off from below after turning the molding box within the molding line. Furthermore, the mold box centering devices 1.10 are open, the lifting table 3.01 is lowered and the model unit 4.02 with the model filling frame 4.03 lowered on it is placed on the lower model roller conveyor 1.05 . During a longer downtime e.g. B. at rest, the molding sand filling device 2.14 is sand-free so that it is filled again before a restart.

From the starting position described above according to FIG. 1, a new work cycle begins with the molding box transport of the molding line, the molding boxes 4.01 being shifted by one division in the direction of the arrow 1.08 . The model filling frame 4.03 with the model unit 4.02 is carried on the upper model roller conveyor 2.03 / 3.03 . Then the molding unit 4.05 filled with loose molding sand is located in station B and an empty molding box in station A. Simultaneously with the molding box transport, the model unit 4.02 located below in station B with the model filling frame 4.03 lowered on it is removed from the station on the lower model roller conveyor 1.05 B returned to station A. After the mold box and model plate transport has been carried out, the mold boxes in A1 and B1 are fixed by closing the centering devices 1.10 and at the same time the upper model roller conveyor 2.03 is opened in station A. Furthermore, the two lifting tables 2.01 and 3.01 are raised and the compression filling frame 3.22 and the sand protection frame 2.11 are placed on the respective mold boxes below. When raising the lifting table is 3:01 on the control side to ensure that the Verdichtungsfüllrahmen 3:22 comes on the molding box 4:01 to the support before the lifting table 3:01 detects the model unit 4.02 and pushes up the displaced loose mold sand in the Verdichtungsfüllrahmen 3.22.

The lifting table 2.01 , which is moving up in station A, lifts the model unit 4.02 with the model filling frame 4.03 still lowered on it under the empty molded box 4.01 , which has been moved into station A, and lifts it about 6 mm (dimension 2.05 , Fig. 2) from its roller conveyor 1.04 . In this position, the model roller conveyor 2:03 to about 3 mm game is inserted under the scrollbar 4.30 of Modellfüllrahmens 4:03 (dimension 2.04 Fig. 2), after which the lifting table 2:01 lowers again and the Modellfüllrahmen 4:03 on the inserted model roller conveyor 2:03 deposited (Fig. 2 ). The molding box lying on the model filling frame 4.03 then has a distance of approximately 3 mm (dimension 2.06 , FIG. 2) from its roller conveyor 1.04 . The lying still on the lifting table 2:01 model unit 4:02 is moved with the lowering lift table 2:01 within the Modellfüllrahmens 4:03 down until it is held by the support bolt 4:23 (Fig. 7) on the Modellfüllrahmen, whereby the distance adjusts 2:07 (Fig. 2) , while the lifting table 2.01 lowers further down. Electromagnets 2.02 are arranged in the lifting table 2.01 , which exert an adhesive force on the model unit 4.02 during the downward movement in the area 2.07 , so that the model unit's own weight and the additional adhesive force ensure that the model unit is safely lowered within the model filling frame. For example, an electromagnet with a diameter of 150 mm and a height of 50 mm has an adhesive force of 5000 N with an air gap of 1 mm.

Once the lifting table has two one model unit lifted 4:02 with the lowered still waiting Modellfüllrahmen 4:03 under the molding box 4.01, and the sand protection frame was placed 2.11 on the molding box, the Sandeinfüllen begins in the form of unit 4:05, for which a period of about 60% of the total cycle time for Available. As shown in Fig. 1, the molding sand here, is preferably filled by an on the rails 24/02 between the two positions 2:35 and 2:36 back and forth movable Formsandeinfüllvorrichtung 2.14 a Sandleittrichter 2:15 in multiple layers in two layers in the molding unit 4:05. During a first time phase of molding sand filling, e.g. B. during the filling of the first layer 2.38 ( FIG. 2), the model unit 4.02 is lowered within the model filling frame 4.03 with the lifting table 2.01 by the dimension 2.07 , whereby the filling space 2.39 is formed. In this position, the model unit 4.02 is held by the support bolts 4.23 ( Fig. 7) on the model filling frame 4.03 , but the lifting table 2.01 is further lowered to the lower end position. To loosen the molding sand, two aerators (spiked rollers) 2.19 are arranged in the sand guide 2.15 , which run in the opposite direction of rotation. Because of the possibility of installing the aerators, the sand guide funnel 2.15 is divided into segments 2.16 and 2.17 in the lower area. Since the manufacturing tolerances can result in protrusions at the segment transitions that lead to the caking of molding sand, the sand guide funnel segments 2.16 and 2.17 are extended downwards to prevent caking of the molding sand ( Fig. 1 and 2).

The molding sand filling device 2.14 consists of a chassis 2.22 provided with rollers 2.23 and a cylinder drive 2.25 , which can be moved back and forth on the rails 2.24 and in which a conveyor belt 2.20 , a metering vessel 2.21 with at least three discharge slides 2.26 and the sand guide funnel 2.15 with the aerators 2.19 is arranged. Furthermore, the sand protection frame 2.11 belongs to the molding sand filling device, which can be deposited on the molding box by means of the short stroke cylinders 2.12 via a spherical cap connection 2.13 and which prevents molding sand from splashing out during the sand filling. The internal dimensions of the sand protection frame 2.11 are slightly smaller than the internal dimensions of the molding box in order to avoid sand deposits on the molding box by the dimension 2.10 ( FIG. 2). The sand guide funnel 2.15 / 2.16 , which is located a short distance 2.09 above the molding box, has a horizontal inner cross section ( Fig. 1, Fig. 2) in the horizontal direction, the long side lying transversely to the direction of movement ( Fig. 2) covering the inner region of the Molded box covered and the short side 2.40 lying in the direction of movement corresponds to about 1/3 to 1/6, preferably 1/4 of the inside of the mold box, which enables the sand to be filled in layers. The available time as a constant is fully used for the sand filling in the form unit 4.05 . The amount of molding sand to be filled into the molding unit is determined by the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 2.20 and by the position 2.30 of the discharge slide 2.26 . As the top and bottom box models shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show as examples and schematically, the partial molding sand requirement for the individual model can be very different. The discharge slides 2.26 are therefore also adjustable during the molding sand filling or during the movement of the molding sand filling device 2.14 in order to adapt the amount of molding sand to the partial need. The molding sand is filled into the molding unit 4.05 in at least three sections 2.18 a ( FIG. 2) and accordingly, each discharge slide 2.26 in the sand guide funnel 2.15 is assigned a shaft 2.18 ( FIG. 2) through which the amount of molding sand discharged at the discharge slide is directed into the molding unit. This prevents mixing of the individual strands of sand within the sand guide funnel and ensures the partially necessary allocation of the amount of molding sand. The number of discharge slides 2.26 and the associated shafts 2.18 in the sand guide funnel depends on the inside dimension of the molding box to be covered, although at least three discharge slides or three shafts are required. A control element 2.28 monitoring the molding sand flow is attached to each outlet slide , a plate suspended vertically by gravity being lifted by the molding sand flow and thereby actuating a sensor 2.29 . In the further mounted a flap 02/31 in each well 2.18 a in a continuous and cylindrical actuated shaft 2:33, which is open during the Formsandeinfüllung in the mold unit 4:05 and which is pressed during the standstill of the conveyor belt 20.2 with its rubber lip 2:32 against the conveyor belt 2.20 to to prevent the embankment sand from trickling off the conveyor belt onto the model / filling frame unit 4.04 arriving at station A on the roller conveyor 1.05 . The dosing vessel 2.21 is filled by a stationary storage bunker 2.37 , the level in the dosing vessel 2.21 being monitored by sand probes. The functional height 2.07 ( 3.07 , 4.07 ) of the model filling frame 4.03 is designed so that the loose molding material surface of the finished molding sand filling is approx. 30 mm (dimension 2.08 ) below the surface of the molding box, which prevents molding sand from being stripped off during transport of the molding unit 4.05 from A to B. and thereby keeping the molding machine clean and free of hold-up sand. The layered and partially adapted molding sand filling enables an almost flat and even surface of the loose molding material.

In order to enable a partially different molding sand filling into the molding unit depending on the model, the individual drive elements 2.27 of the discharge slide 2.26 and the drive cylinder 2.25 of the sand filling device 2.14 each have a position measuring system. In a data record that is permanently assigned to the respective model, a certain opening position 2.30 of the individual discharge slides 2.26 is assigned to each distance measuring point of the drive cylinder 2.25 . The path measurement is carried out in a continuously linear manner in digital or analog form, the path measurement points of the drive cylinder 2.25 being conveniently tapped in small grids of, for example, 1 mm for the assignment of the discharge slide position. As a rule, the opening positions for the forward and return of the drive cylinder 2.25 or the sand filling device 2.14 are the same at the respectively assigned measuring points. However, it is also possible for the opening positions at the respectively assigned measuring points to have a different value for the advance than for the return. The setpoint values from the respective data record are processed in a corresponding electronic control device and the discharge slide 2.26 is output as a control command to the drive elements 2.27 . A record is stored in the electronic control device for each individual model, the record being changeable online for the purpose of optimization. The data record, which in addition to the data for molding sand filling can also contain other data such as compaction data, casting data, etc., is permanently assigned to the model ID number. The model ID number, which has an upper and lower edge identifier, is attached to the model unit in coded form. When a model is inserted into the molding machine, the model ID number, including the upper or lower box identifier, is automatically read out, which gives immediate access to the data record, so that the new parameters are immediately available and the molding machine can be set to it without delay. The setpoints stored in the data record for the individual discharge heights 2.30 and for the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 2.20 are based on a standard molding sand moisture. In the event of deviations from this standard mold sand moisture, these setpoints are automatically adapted to the mold sand moisture measured in each case.

After the mold box transport 1.08 and the model return transport 1.09 there is an empty mold box 4.01 in station A and a mold unit 4.05 filled with loose molding sand in station B and in both stations A and B the two lifting tables 2.01 and 3.01 are raised. When lifting the lifting table 3.01 in station B, the compression filling frame 3.22 is simultaneously placed on the molding box. In this case, the control side ensures that the Verdichtungsfüllrahmen 3:22 comes on the mold box to the support before the lifting table 3:01 detects the model unit 4.02 and the loose moving up molding sand in the Verdichtungsfüllrahmen 3.22. The lifting table 3.01 , moving up in station B, picks up the model unit 4.02 at its full lifting speed after passing through the lower idle stroke 3.21 and pushes it upwards within the model filling frame 4.03 with the loose molding sand, the model filling frame opening along path 3.07 ( Fig. 3) the support surface 4.39 of the model unit 4.02 comes to rest and the model plate surface and the surface of the model fill frame 4.03 are at the same level or the dimension 3.07 is zero. The lifting table 3.01 lifts the model unit 4.02 with the model filling frame 4.03 another approx. 3 mm (dimension 3.04 , Fig. 3) so that the model roller conveyor 3.03 can extend. In this position, the lifting table 3.01 has reached its uppermost end position for the compression and the molding chamber 3.13 is closed. An internal offset 4.40 ( FIG. 2, FIG. 6) from the model filling frame to the molding box prevents a sand jam edge at the transition between the model filling frame and the molding box when the molding sand is pushed up. The molding chamber 3.13 ( FIG. 3, left half section) is formed vertically by the inner walls of the molding box 4.01 and the compression filling frame 4.03 , and horizontally by the model surface and the underside of the compression unit 3.14 or 3.18 . Since the molding box lying on the model filling frame 4.03 has already been lifted approx. 3 mm from its roller conveyor 1.04 in station A, the molding box is now approx. 6 mm (dimension 3.05 , Fig. 3) above its roller conveyor. The lifting table 3.01 is fixed in this position against the compression pressure. This can be done by a mechanical lock or by a correspondingly high preload pressure in the hydraulic lifting cylinders 3.02 , which are moved to the inner end stop. The compression filling frame 3.22 placed on the molding box is pressed onto the molding box via the cylinders 3.24 with a force which is greater than the force which results from the compression pressure and the area of the circumferential gap 3.26 , so that the compression filling frame 3.22 does not lift off during compression can. The molding chamber 3.13 , in which the compression pressure is brought to bear , is sealed off from the outside atmosphere by the elastic seals 3.28 , 3.29 and 4.33 . The seal 3.29 between the compression unit 3.14 and the compression filling frame 3.22 is clamped to the compression unit with a clamping strip 3.30 and it has an elastic projection 3.31 which, due to a slight play, has no contact with the inner wall of the compression filling frame 3.22 . The seal is made by pressing the peripheral flange 3.25 of the compression filling frame onto the elastic sealing protrusion 3.31 . During the compression, the contact pressure or closing pressure on the seal 3.29 is increased even further by the compression pressure in the molding chamber. The sealing between the compression unit 3.14 or 3.18 and the compression filling frame 3.22 can also be carried out as shown in FIG. 9. Here, a circumferential profile groove 3.33 is milled into the compression unit, into which a seal 3.32 , which is embedded in the compression filling frame 3.22 and can be activated with compressed air, is pressed. The groove profile has a bead 3.34 in the middle, with which the inflated or activated seal 3.32 is secured against vertical displacement by the pressure in the molding chamber 3.13 . When not activated, the seal 3.32 retracts due to its elasticity so that it has no contact with the compression unit.

The compression takes place as soon as the molding chamber 3.13 is closed and sealed and as soon as the lifting table 3.01 is fixed against the compression pressure. In Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is an air pulse-compression unit 14.3 is shown. The air pulse compression takes place by sudden opening of the closely arranged pulse nozzles 3.16 , whereby the compressed air suddenly shoots out of the storage container 3.15 into the molding chamber 3.13 and acts as a pressure wave on the molding sand. An internal offset 3.10 ( FIG. 3) from the compression filling frame 3.22 to the molding box 4.01 avoids a sand jam edge at the transition between the compression filling frame and molding box during pulse compression. The bulkheads 3.17 are arranged below the compression unit 3.14 , as a result of which the pressure wave during the compression section 3.08 ( FIG. 3) is divided into two areas. As a result, a higher compression energy can be supplied to the outer area through enlarged outer nozzles in order to overcome the molding sand friction at the edge of the molding box. After compression section 3.08 , the pressure waves then unite. After compression has taken place, the compression pressure is reduced in a controlled manner via valves 3.35 and demolding is initiated. The lifting table 3.01 with model unit 4.02 and model filling frame 4.03 is first slowly lowered, whereby the molding box sits on its roller conveyor after approx. 6 mm (dimension 3.05 ) and then the model is slowly moved out of the mold. As soon as the model is completely free of shape, the lifting table 3.01 with model unit 4.02 and model filling frame 4.03 is lowered in rapid traverse, whereby the model unit 4.02 with model filling frame 4.03 resting on it is placed on the lower model roller conveyor 1.05 . During the rapid traverse lowering of the lifting table 3.01 , the compression filling frame 3.22 is lifted from the molding box by the distance 3.09 ( FIG. 1) and the model roller conveyor 3.03 is pushed in to take up a molding unit 4.05 again . During demolding, the model filling frame 4.03 is pressed down on its pressure plates 4.32 by the push-off device 3.12 for a short distance, so that the release of the model filling frame 4.03 from the molding box 4.01 centered on it is not only dependent on the weight of the model filling frame.

In addition to the compressed air pulse compression described above, all standard sealing methods (such as normal pressing, airflow presses, expansion presses, vacuum presses, model presses from below, etc.) can be used in work station B. FIG. 9 shows, for example, a combined compression unit 3.18 for pneumatic airflow pressing and for pneumatic expansion pressing, the pneumatic expansion pressing being known from EP-1155761-A1. The multi-airpress system is also known from EP-1155761-A1, which can also be used here. The compression unit 3.18 shown in FIG. 9 also enables compression by "model pressing", the molding sand being supported on the extended pressing dies 3.19 and the model being pressed into the molding sand from below. The press ram cylinders 3.20 can be set to the full compression pressure, whereby they can compensate accordingly during the compression of the model contour. The press ram cylinders 3.20 can, however, also be set with a lower pressure, so that after reaching this pressure, all of the correspondingly slightly compressed molding sand is pressed upwards and the final compression is then carried out with a correspondingly high pressure from above by lowering the press ram. The upper machine frame 1.02 is suitable for the installation of the compression systems described. When using the airflow press, the airflow to be blown in from above can already be initiated when the lifting table 3.01 detects the model unit 4.02 for pushing up. When the expansion press is used, the air flow to be blown in from below is initiated when the mold chamber 3.13 is completely closed, i.e. when the lifting table 3.01 has also raised the model unit 4.02 to such an extent that the contact surface 4.39 grips the model filling frame 4.03 and the seal 4.34 becomes effective.

The invention has another significant advantage for compression. After passing through the lower idle stroke 3.21 at its full lifting speed, the compression lifting table 3.01 picks up the model unit 4.02 , which, and thus the loosely filled molding sand, is suddenly accelerated, as a result of which the molding sand settles and inhomogeneous filling points are reduced. Acoustically, this sudden pick-up of the 4.02 model unit by the 3.01 lift table only causes a dull, non-distracting impact. Furthermore, the mold chamber 3.13 is closed and sealed when the model unit 4.02 is lifted within the model filling frame 4.03 or when the molding sand is pushed up into the compression filling frame 3.22 . By pushing up the molding sand, the molding chamber is reduced and the air inside is compressed when the valves 3.35 and 3.36 are closed. The compressed air is discharged via the model plate nozzles 4.06 and via the edge slot 4.14 , as a result of which the loosely poured molding sand is fluidized. The fluidization can optionally be further increased by additionally blowing compressed air into the molding chamber 3.13 via the valves 3.36 and via the openings 3.27 ( FIGS. 1, 3). The pressure to be applied at pressure valve 3.37 and the amount of compressed air to be blown at valves 3.36 can be adjusted. The blowing in takes place when the loosely poured molding sand is pushed up.

It can start at the earliest if the model filling frame 3.22 has been placed on the molding box 4.01 . The blowing in ends when the loose molding material surface has reached the lower edge of the bulkhead walls 3.17 , because afterwards the inflowing compressed air can no longer reach the inner area of the bulkhead walls. If the blowing is switched off later, the fluidizing air flow flows out more through the edge slot 4.14 , which can also be advantageous. Due to the fluidization, which follows the compression process immediately and without gaps, there is no extension of the molding machine cycle time. If fluidization is not required for certain models, the air displaced when the molding sand is pushed up can be discharged to the free atmosphere via the open valves 3.35 without compression.

FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show the model unit with the 4:02 Modellfüllrahmen 4.03 that is presented in a reduced scale in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section showing the guidance and centering of the model filling frame to the model unit. FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal section showing the suspension of the model unit 4.02 in the model filling frame 4.03 . Fig. 8 shows a plan view of Modellfüllrahmen and model unit. The model unit 4.02 has a base frame 4.08 with the height 4.25 , which can accommodate a positive model 4.10 ( FIG. 1, station A) or a negative model 4.12 ( FIG. 1, station B). The models are equipped with model plate nozzles 4.06 according to the requirements, whereby the fluidizing air flow and the displaced compression air can escape or whereby compressed air can be blown into the molding chamber 3.13 from below during expansion pressing. The base frame has the openings 4.26 for discharging the air of the fluidization stream and for blowing in the compressed air for the expansion pressing; which are congruent with corresponding openings in the lifting table 3.01 . In the case of a positive model 4.10 , an intermediate frame 4.09 is used, which is inserted between the model plate 4.11 and the base frame 4.08 and which centers the model plate 4.11 to the base frame 4.08 via the centering elements 4.15 . In the case of a negative model 4.12 , the use of an intermediate frame depends on the model depth . When using a negative model with an intermediate frame, the centering of the model 4.12 to the base frame 4.08 also takes place via the previously described centering elements 4.15 . When using a negative model without an intermediate frame, the centering takes place directly between model 4.12 and the base frame 4.08 via the centering elements 4.16 . The base frame 4.08 further has the centering and guide pins 4.17 ; with which the model filling frame 4.03 is centered on the base frame 4.08 via its centering and guide bushes 4.20 and with which the model filling frame is guided during vertical displacement. The centering and guide pins 4.17 have a narrow-tolerance fine centering in the lower area 4.18 for precise adjustment during molding; while the rest of the area 4.19 has a precise but smoother guidance. On the model filling frame 4.03 , the centering and guide pins 4.17 are immersed in an enclosed space 4.27 , so that they are protected against contamination. A thin layer of graphite can be applied to the center of the encapsulated space to dry-lubricate the centering and guide pins. All centering elements have, on the one hand, a round pin / round hole and, on the other hand, a flat pin / flat hole version because of the tolerances on the internal dimension and, if necessary, different thermal expansion. The model plate 4.11 or the model 4.12 has a circumferential fitting strip 4.13 , which consists of a wear-resistant and slidable plastic or of a wear-resistant and slidable metal material. The fitting strip 4.13 has the function of the molding sand seal between the model plate 4.11 or model 4.12 and the model filling frame 4.03 and it has a slight play of, for example, 0.2 mm to the inner wall of the model filling frame. The edge slot 4.14 created by the clearance allows the air to flow through during fluidization and during expansion pressing, so that the arrangement of model plate nozzles (0.3 mm slot width) in the edge area can be dispensed with. The vertical displacement of the model unit 4.02 within the model fill frame 4.03 is limited on the one hand by the support of the model fill frame on the support surface 4.39 of the base frame 4.08 and on the other hand by the support bolts 4.23 shown in FIG. 7 and fastened to the base frame. In the lowered state, the model unit with the support bolts hangs on the model filling frame, the support bolts resting on the washers 4.24 made of impact-resistant plastic. The support bolt has a greater clearance for drilling the window 4.24 and the hole below it in the flange 4.29 of the model filling frame, so that it can be moved through these holes without contact. On the model filling frame 4.03 , the support bolts 4.23 are immersed in an enclosed space 4.28 so that they are protected against contamination. The surface of the model filling frame 4.03 is the support surface for the molded box 4.01 and accordingly the model filling frame has the centering elements 4.21 for the upper box and 4.22 for the lower box shown in FIG. 1 with the usual round hole / round pin or flat hole / flat pin version. The position of the different centering elements and the position of the supporting bolts are shown in FIG. 8 with the top view of the model unit and model filling frame. The top of the model filling frame 4.03 has a seal 4.33 , with which the mold chamber 3.13 is sealed together with the other seals 3.28 and 3.29 to the outside atmosphere. Furthermore, the model filling frame has a seal 4.34 on the underside, which seals the interior of the model unit 4.02 during the expansion pressing to the outside atmosphere. This seal is necessary because during expansion pressing, compressed air is blown into the molding chamber 3.13 via the holes 4.26 and the model plate nozzles 4.06 . Seal 4.34 is not required for the other types of compression. The model filling frame has the surrounding flanges 4.29 and 4.30 with an inclined roof 4.31 above it, the sloping roof preventing sand deposits on the flanges 4.29 and 4.30 . The surrounding flanges cover the bearing surface 4.39 of the base frame 4.08 , so that it is protected from direct sandfall. Air sand occasionally falling in small quantities can be easily removed by automatic blowing. The flange 4.29 contains the centering and guide bushes 4.20 for centering and guiding the model filling frame and the washers 4.24 for supporting the support bolts 4.23 . The flange 4.30 ( Fig. 2 and 3) serves as a track for the model filling frame 4.03 , whereby the model filling frame with the model unit 4.02 can be transported on the model roller conveyors 2.03 and 3.03 . The base frame 4.08 also has the cleaning brushes 4.35 for cleaning the lifting tables 2.01 and 3.01 and the centering bolts 4.36 for centering the base frame on the lifting tables 2.01 and 3.01 . The surface of the model plate 4.11 or the model 4.12 is slightly lower than the surface of the model filling frame 4.03 by the dimension 4.37 ( FIG. 6) (maximum 1 mm). As a result, the mold parting surface has a corresponding projection over the mold box surface, as a result of which the joined mold halves come to lie on one another with their mold parting surfaces and the mold box parting surfaces have a corresponding play with one another, thereby preventing the formation of burrs and fried iron. For a given requirement, the surfaces of the model plate 4.11 or model 4.12 can also be exactly level with the surface of the model fill frame 4.03 . The inside dimension of the model filling frame 4.03 is slightly smaller than the inside box dimension to avoid a sand jam edge when pushing up the molding sand by the dimension 4.40 ( Fig. 2, Fig. 6). To reduce the compressed air consumption during expansion presses, in which compressed air is blown from below through openings 4.26 and model plate nozzles 4.06 into the mold chamber 3.13 as the first function stage, the cavities of model unit 4.02 are filled with wooden or plastic blocks 4.41 .

The adjustment between the molding box 4.01 and the model 4.10 / 4.11 / 4.12 takes place via the non-moving centering elements 4.15 / 4.16 and furthermore via the moving centering elements 4.17 / 4.18 / 4.20 and 4.21 / 4.22 , whereby the offset between the molding box and the model is made by appropriate selection the fits can be limited. For example, a fit selection for 4.15 / 4.16 with H7 / h6, for 4.17 / 4.18 / 4.20 with H7 / g6 and for 4.21 / 4.22 with H7 / e8 results in an offset of 0.072 mm to 0.178 mm.

FIG. 5 shows the model change device, which can be carried out without loss of time within the mold machine cycle time, a model change or a permanent model circulation. The model changing device initially has the lifting devices 5.01 (station A) and 5.02 (station B) shown in FIGS . 1, 2, 3 and 5, which are provided with non-driven rollers. Furthermore , the model changing device has the two driven roller conveyors 5.09 (axis A) and 5.10 (axis B) and a shuttle carriage 5.11 which can be moved on the floor run and is provided with a driven roller conveyor. During normal form of machine operation with an upper / lower model pair the two lifting 5.01 / 5.02 shall be lowered and the return of the of the model unit 4.02 and the Modellfüllrahmen 4:03 existing model / Füllrahmeneinheit 4:04 takes place on the lower model roller conveyor 1:05. On the model change roller conveyor 5.09 (axis A) there is a UK model / filling frame unit 4.04 and on the shuttle car 5.11 in axis A there is an OK model / filling frame unit 4.04 for changing. When changing models or during constant model circulation, the two lifting devices 5.01 and 5.02 are raised, whereby in station A lifting table 2.01 lifts a model / filling frame unit 4.04 from the rollers of lifting device 5.01 and in station B lifting table 3.01 a model / filling frame unit 4.04 puts down the rollers of the lifting device 5.02 . The lifting and lowering of the two lifting devices 5.01 and 5.02 basically only takes place when the two lifting tables 2.01 and 3.01 are raised, i.e. when the model roller conveyor 1.05 is free in the two stations A and B, so that the two lifting devices 5.01 and 5.02 are only empty be moved up and down. Each of the two lifting devices 5.01 and 5.02 is moved vertically by four cylinders 5.03 , the cylinders having continuous piston rods 5.04 for guidance, so that no further guide rods are required. Since the lifting devices 5.01 and 5.02 are only moved up and down empty, an approximate synchronization of the four cylinders 5.03 is sufficient, which can be achieved with simple throttle check valves . Dome fasteners 5.05 between the piston rod and the lifting device prevent lateral forces on the piston rods. For reasons of space, the lifting devices 5.01 and 5.02 have no driven rollers. Cylinders 5.06 and 5.08 are provided to drive the model / filling frame unit 4.04 on the non-driven rollers. With the cylinder 5.08 , the model / filling frame unit 4.04 is pushed off the lifting device 5.02 until it reaches the driven roller conveyor 5.10 . The cylinder 5.06 , which has an electromagnet 5.07 that can be switched on and off, takes over the incoming model / filling frame unit 4.04 before it leaves the driven roller conveyor 5.09 and pulls it continuously into the end position on the electromagnet 5.07 . When changing the model, which takes place at the same time as the mold box transport 1.08 , the UK model / filling frame unit 4.04 available on the roller conveyor 5.09 is moved into station A and the UK model / filling frame unit 4.04 lowered in station B onto the rollers of the lifting device 5.02 extended onto the roller conveyor 5.10 . Simultaneously with the insertion of the UK model / filling frame unit 4.04 into station A, the OK model / filling frame unit 4.04 available on the shuttle carriage 5.11 in axis A is moved onto the roller conveyor 5.09 . The shuttle car 5.11 then travels to the roller conveyor 5.10 (axis B), takes over the UK model / filling frame unit 4.04 there and returns to the roller conveyor 5.09 (axis A). With the next mold box transport, the OK model / filling frame unit 4.04 that has arrived on the roller conveyor 5.09 is moved into the station A and the OK model / filling frame unit 4.04 , which has meanwhile been lowered onto the rollers of the lifting device 5.02 in the station B, is extended onto the roller conveyor 5.10 . Simultaneously with the entry of the OK model / filling frame unit 4.04 into station A, the UK model / filling frame unit 4.04, which is available on the shuttle carriage 5.11 in axis A, is moved onto the roller conveyor 5.09 . The shuttle 5.11 then travels to the roller conveyor 5.10 (axis B), takes over the OK model / filling frame unit 4.04 there and returns to the roller conveyor 5.09 (axis A). The model change is now complete and the replaced model / filling frame units 4.04 on the roller conveyor 5.09 and the shuttle car 5.11 can be converted for the next model change. However, there is also the option of exchanging the pair of model / filler frame units for another pair on parking path 5.12 .

The molding machine can also be operated with two pairs of models in a constant model cycle. The process is the same as described above for the model change and there is a model change practically every molding machine cycle. This operating mode is indicated if the models have to be treated before molding, for example by setting cooling irons and / or exothermic feeders. For this, the models for handling 5.13 are freely accessible. The dwell time for the model treatment is specified by the molding machine cycle time and is sufficient for a normal model treatment. For models that take a longer treatment time, the dwell time for the model treatment without increasing the cycle time can be achieved by taking a pair of models without treatment need at least twice in succession, while the other model pair is treated in the meantime and then into a single molding process Forming machine is replaced and then this 2: 1 cycle or 3: 1 cycle is repeated according to the lot size. By extending the roller conveyors 5.09 and 5.10 , a constant model circulation with three model pairs would also be possible.

The molding machine according to the invention is a high-performance molding machine with extreme short cycle time. In addition, a further increase in performance is approximate It is possible to double the output by using the molding machine as Twin molding machine with two molding sand filling devices in station A and two Compaction units are carried out in station B, which means two forms within the cycle time be produced at the same time. A pair of models (OK / UK) is included in station A. the molding boxes put together and filled with molding sand and in station B At the same time, another pair of models (upper / lower) is compressed and demolded. When molding box transport the mold boxes are moved by two mold box divisions, one at the same time finished pair of molds consisting of upper box and lower box from station B der Molding machine is pulled out, an upper box / lower box filled with molding sand Molding unit is moved from station A to station B and an empty, from top and Existing mold box pair is moved into station A below the box. If the Molding surface of the molding box, as in the previously described embodiment, a Rectangular cross-section, the molding box is usefully transversely to the longitudinal axis of the molding box in order to transport a double molding box partition shorten. The double molding sand filling device is on the head frame Move the molding machine transversely to the direction of the mold box so that it works in layers Filling in sand as with the single version described above is also an advantage via the longitudinal axis of the molding box.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1. Molding machine frame

1:01

 base frame

1:02

 head frame

1:03

 column frame

1:04

 Molding box roller conveyor

1:05

 Model roller conveyor

1:06

 Traverse for model roller conveyor

2:03

 and

3:03

1:07

 Crossbeam for cylinders

5:06

 and

5:08

1:08

 Molding box transport direction

1:09

 Model transport from B to A

1.10

 Formkastenzentrierung

2. Sand filling station A

2:01

 Lift table

2:02

 electromagnets

2:03

 horizontally movable model roller conveyor

2:04

 Distance track bar

4.30

 to the model roller conveyor

2:03

 (if lifting table

2:01

 is at the top)

2:05

 Distance from the molding box to the molding box roller conveyor

1:04

 (if lifting table

2:01

 is at the top)

2:06

 Distance from molding box to FK roller conveyor

1:04

 (if scroll bar

4.30

 on roller conveyor

2:03

 rests)

2:07

 Distance model filling frame

4:03

 to the model

4.10

/

11

/

12

 (Functional height model filling frame)

2:08

 Distance of loose molding sand surface to molding box surface

2:09

 Distance of sand guide funnel to molding box

2.10

 Internal offset sand protection frame / molding box

2.11

 Sand protective frame

2.11

a Cleaning brush on the sand protection frame

2.11

2.12

 Short stroke cylinder to the sand protection frame

2.13

 Dome fastening short stroke cylinder to the sand protection frame

2.14

 Formsandeinfülleinrichtung

2.15

 Sandleittrichter

2.16

 lower segment to the sand guide funnel

2.17

 middle segment to the sand guide funnel

2.18

 Shafts in the sand guide funnel

2.18

a Sections for the molding sand discharge

2.19

 aerators

2.20

 conveyor belt

2.21

 metering

2.22

 Chassis for molding sand filling device

2.23

 Rollers to the chassis

2.24

 Running rails for molding sand filling device

2.25

 Drive cylinder for molding sand filling device

2.26

 Discharge slide for the amount of molding sand

2.27

 Drive for discharge slide

2.28

 Control element for molding sand flow

2.29

 Control element sensor

2.30

 Discharge height of the molding sand at the discharge slide

2.31

 Closing flap in the sand guide funnel

2:32

 Rubber lip on the flap

2:33

 Drive shaft for the shutters

2:34

 Cylinder for drive shaft / locking flap

2:35

 Starting position for layer-by-layer sand filling

2:36

 Reverse position for sand filling in layers

2:37

 storage bunker

2:38

 Partial filling of the molding sand (e.g. one layer)

2:39

 Filling room Model filling frame / molding box for the loose molding sand

2:40

 Discharge width of the sand guide funnel

2.15

3. Compression station B

3:01

 Lift table

3:02

 Lift cylinder to the lift table

3:01

3:03

 horizontally movable roller conveyor

3:04

 Distance track bar

4.30

 to the model roller conveyor

3:03

 (if lifting table

3:01

 is at the top)

3:05

 Distance from the molding box to the molding box roller conveyor

1:04

 (if lifting table

3:01

 is at the top)

3:06

 Distance from molding box to FK roller conveyor

1:04

 (if scroll bar

4.30

 on roller conveyor

3:03

 rests)

3:07

 Distance model filling frame

4:03

 to the model

4.10

/

4.12

 (Functional height model filling frame)

3:08

 Distance of loose molding sand surface to the lower edge of the bulkhead

3.17

 (if

3:01

 is at the top)

3:09

 Distance compression filling frame

3.22

 to the mold box during mold box transport

3.10

 Internal offset compression filling frame / molding box

3.11

 Outer dimension (model from the mold)

3.12

 Push-off device for model filling frames

3.13

 forming chamber

3.14

 Compression unit for compressed air pulse

3.15

 Compressed air storage for compressed air pulse

3.16

 pulse jet

3.17

 Bulkheads under the compression aggregate

3.14

3.18

 Compression unit for airflow presses and expansion presses

3.19

 Press stamp too

3.18

3.20

 Press cylinder too

3.19

3.21

 Empty stroke of the lifting table

3:01

 until the admission of the model unit

4:02

3.22

 Verdichtungsfüllrahmen

3.23

 Guide rods to the compression filling frame

3.24

 Cylinder for the compression filling frame

3.25

 circumferential board surface on the compression filling frame

3.26

 circumferential gap between the compression filling frame and the compression unit

3.27

 Openings in the compression filling frame (for blowing compressed air into the molding chamber)

3.28

 Gasket compression filling frame / molding box

3.29

 Gasket compression filling frame / compression unit

3.30

 Clamping strip for seal

3.29

3.31

 elastic protrusion of the seal

3.29

3:32

 alternative seal compression filling frame / compression unit

3:33

 Profile groove for seal

3:32

3:34

 Bead in the profile groove

3:33

3:35

 Bleed valves for the molding chamber

3:36

 Injection valves for the molding chamber

3:37

 Pressure valve for injection pressure

4. Model unit and molding box

4:01

 molding box

4:02

 model unit

4:03

 Modellfüllrahmen

4:04

 Model / Füllrahmeneinheit

4:05

 molding unit

4:06

 Model plate nozzle

4:07

 Distance model filling frame

4:03

 to the model

4.10

/

4.12

 (Functional height model filling frame)

4:08

 base frame

4:09

 intermediate frame

4.10

 positive model

4.11

 Model plate for positive model

4.12

 negative model

4.13

 Molding bar model / model filling frame

4.14

 Edge slot between the fitting strip and the inner wall of the model filling frame

4.15

 Centering elements intermediate frame / base frame / model plate

4.16

 Centering elements negative model / base frame

4.17

 Centering and guide pin base frame / model filling frame

4.18

 Fine guidance area too

4.17

4.19

 Easy guidance area too

4.17

4.20

 Centering and guide bushing base frame / model filling frame

4.21

 Centering bushes molded box / model filling frame (upper box)

4.22

 Centering pins molded box / model filling frame (lower box)

4.23

 support bolts

4.24

 Plastic washer for safety pin support

4.25

 Base frame height

4.26

 Openings in the base frame for air passage

4.26

a Openings in the lifting table

3:01

, congruent to

4.26

4.27

 encapsulated space for guide pins

4.17

4.28

 encapsulated space for catch bolts

4.23

4.29

 Cross flange on the model filling frame

4.29

a Width of the cross flange

4.29

4.30

 Longitudinal flange and running rail on the model filling frame

4.30

a Width of the longitudinal flange

4.30

4.31

 Sand protection roof on the model filling frame

4:32

 Pressure plates for the push-off device

3.12

4:33

 Gasket model filling frame / molding box

4:34

 Gasket model filling frame / base frame

4:35

 Cleaning brushes for the lifting tables

2:01

 and

3:01

4:36

 Centering pencil base frame

1

 Lifting tables

2:01

 and

3:01

4:37

 Offset surface of the model fill frame to the model surface

4:38

 Flask shock bolt

4:39

 Contact surface of the model filling frame

4:02

 on the base frame

4:08

4:40

 Internal offset model filling frame / molding box

4:41

 Cavity filling in model unit

4:02

5. Model changing device

5:01

 Lifting device in station A

5:02

 Lifting device in station B

5:03

 Cylinders for the lifting devices

5:01

 and

5:02

5:04

 through piston rods

5:03

5:05

 Dome fastening piston rod / lifting device

5:06

 Feed cylinder in station A

5:07

 Electromagnet on the feed cylinder

5:08

 Push cylinder in station B

5:09

 driven roller conveyor in axis A

5.10

 driven roller conveyor in axis B

5.11

 shuttle cars

5.12

 parking orbit

5.13

 Handling operating personnel

Claims (27)

1. A method for producing box-bound sand molds using a pair of model plates consisting of an upper and lower box model, the models having ventilation or ventilation nozzles referred to as model plate nozzles, the upper and lower box molds being produced in succession and the steps for producing a mold in two work stations that are arranged in a straight line and work in parallel are distributed,
with a first work station A for assembling the molding unit consisting of molding box and model and for filling the molding sand into the molding unit, the molding unit being assembled via a lifting table 2.01 ,
with a second work station B for compacting the mold and for separating the compacted mold from the model, a lifting table 3.01 lifting the molding unit under the compacting unit 3.14 / 3.18 and separating the model from the mold after compacting,
with a molded box transport device 1.04 , in which the two work stations A and B are arranged one behind the other,
with two swiveling roller conveyors 2.03 and 3.03 arranged below the mold box transport device 1.04 , whereupon the model unit is carried along by the mold box resting on it during the mold box transport from work station A to work station B,
with a roller conveyor 1.05 arranged below the two swiveling roller conveyors 2.03 and 3.03 for model return from work station B to work station A
and with a model changing device for changing the models without increasing the cycle time,
characterized by
that the model unit 4.02, consisting of a model and a model carrier frame, has a model filling frame 4.03 , which surrounds the model unit 4.02 telescopically and can be moved vertically, with the seals 4.33 and 4.34 , on the surface of which the molding box 4.01 can be placed and centered via the centering elements 4.21 / 4.22 , the model filling frame 4.03 with a vertical shift 2.07 / 4.07 compared to the model unit 4.02 and with the molded box 4.01 forms the molding unit 4.05 and the filling space 2.39 for the loose molding sand,
that the model filling frame 4.03 rests in its lowered position on the support surface 4.39 of the model unit 4.02 , the surface of the model filling frame 4.03 being level with the surface of the model plate 4.11 or with the surface of the model 4.12 and the displacement 2.07 / 4.07 of the model unit 4.02 to the model filling frame 4.03 can be mechanically limited,
that in workstation A the model unit 4.02 with the model filling frame 4.03 resting on its support surface 4.39 can be raised by the lifting table 2.01 with the model roller conveyor 2.03 open, the model filling frame 4.03 accommodating the molded box 4.01 , then the model roller conveyor 2.03 closes and then the model filling frame 4.03 by the lowering one lift table 2.01 is the model roller conveyor 2:03 deductible and the further lowering lift table 2.01 the model unit 4:02 up to the mechanically limited distance 2.07 / carries in Modellfüllrahmen 4:03 4:07 and then the lift table until the end position is lowered,
that the work station A has a molding sand filling device , with which the molding sand can be filled into the filling space 2.39 in a time- stretched manner within the time interval between the molding box receptacle by the model filling frame 4.03 and the molding box transport, about 60% of the total molding machine cycle time being available for this time interval,
that the compression unit 3.14 ( Fig. 1/3) or 3.18 ( Fig. 9) arranged in the work station B has a compression filling frame 3.22 with the seals 3.28 and 3.29 , which surrounds the compression unit telescopically and is vertically displaceable, which is resting on the model filling frame 4.03 Mold box 4.01 can be placed, whereby the mold chamber 3.13 ( FIG. 3), which is sealed by the seals 3.28 , 3.29 and 4.33 , is formed for the mold compression,
that in work station B, the model unit 4.02 can be moved vertically upwards within the model filling frame 4.03 by means of the lifting table 3.01 , the distance 3.07 / 4.07 between model unit 4.02 and model filling frame 4.03 becoming zero ( FIG. 3) and the displaced, yet uncompressed molding sand is moved to the Verdichtungsfüllrahmen 3.22 and 3.22 Verdichtungsfüllrahmen then the Füllrahmenfunktion the subsequent compacting takes
that after the compacting and opening of the model roller conveyor 3.03, the lifting table 3.01 lowers and after a slight lowering stroke 3.05 ( FIG. 3) the demolding and lowering of the pushed together model / filling frame unit 4.04 ( FIG. I, B) takes place on the model roller conveyor 1.05
and that the compression filling frame 3.22 can be lifted from the molding box 4.01 simultaneously with the lowering of the model / filling frame unit 4.04 by the distance 3.09 2. The method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the molding sand filling device 2.14 arranged in the work station A with a sand guiding funnel 2.15 arranged thereon can be moved back and forth between the end positions 2.35 and 2.36 by means of a drive 2.25 , whereby the molding sand due to the narrow discharge width 2.40 of the sand guiding funnel 2.15 and due to the movement of the molding sand fine filling device 2.14 or can be filled into the filling space 2.39 in two or more layers, preferably in two layers,
that the available time interval can be used as a constant for the layered molding sand filling and the model-dependent amount of molding sand can be determined with constant sand filling time by the speed of the conveyor belt 2.20 and by the adjustable discharge heights 2.30 ( Fig. 1/2) on the dosing vessel 2.21 ,
that the model-dependent amount of molding sand can be partially adapted to the model contour
that the molding sand is filled in for partial adaptation to the model contours in at least three sections 2.18 a ( Fig. 2), with each section being assigned an adjustable discharge slide 2.26 for setting the discharge height 2.30 and a corresponding shaft 2.18 in the sand guide funnel 2.15 , the up to that Dosing vessel 2.21 sufficient shafts 2.18 prevent mixing of the individual molding sand streams,
that the discharge slides 2.26 and thus the discharge heights 2.30 can be adjusted during the layer-by-layer molding sand filling or during the travel movement of the molding sand filling device 2.14 to partially adapt the amount of molding sand to the model contour, the parameters discharge height 2.30 to the route position 2.25 from a data record assigned to the respective model Control device are transferable
and that the sand guide funnel 2.15 with the shafts 2.18 has at least one aerator axis 2.19 for loosening the molding sand. 3. The method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the lifting table 3.01 arranged in the work station B picks up the model unit 4.02 with its full lifting speed after the idle stroke 3.21 and thereby suddenly accelerates the model unit 4.02 and thus the loosely poured molding sand, whereby the molding sand settles and inhomogeneous filling points can be reduced,
that the lift table 3.01 The recorded model unit 4:02 within the Modellfüllrahmens 4:03 moves upward, whereby the extruded, still uncompacted molding sand is moved to the Verdichtungsfüllrahmen 3:22 and thereby compressed in the mold chamber 3:13 air has a flowing via the model plate nozzles 4:06 and over the edge of slot 14.04 fluidising air flow produced in the molding sand, which is followed completely by the compression of the mold
and that the fluidization air flow can be additionally amplified by still blowing compressed air into the molding chamber 3.13 parallel to the displacement of the molding sand into the compression filling frame 3.22 . 4. The method according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that in the work station B all common compression methods (such as compressed air pulse compression, normal pressing, airflow presses, expansion presses, vacuum presses, model presses from below, etc.) in connection with the compression filling frame 3.22 and the model / filling frame unit 4.04 can be used. 5. Device for carrying out the method according to claims 1, 3 and 4 with a model and a model carrier unit,
characterized,
that the model unit 4.02 has a base frame 4.08 with the height 4.25 , on which a negative model 4.12 can be placed with or without an intermediate frame, or a positive model 4.10 can be placed on it with or without an intermediate frame 4.09 and a model plate 4.11 and centered via the centering elements 4.15 / 4.16 ,
that the model unit 4.02 has a model filling frame 4.03 which telescopically encloses the model unit 4.02 and is vertically displaceable, with the centering and guide bushes 4.20 and with the seals 4.33 and 4.34 , the seal 4.34 being required only in the compression method of expansion presses and vacuum presses ,
that the base frame 4.08 has the centering and guide pins 4.17 , with which the model fill frame 4.03 can be precisely guided and centered to the base frame 4.08 via its centering and guide bushes 4.20 ,
that the model plate 4:11 or model 12.4 has a circumferential, formsandabdichtende and consisting of a wear-resistant and slidable plastic or metal fitting strip 4.13 the play rests on the pattern plate 11.4 and the model 4:12 and 4:03 a slight to the inner wall of the Modellfüllrahmen, sandabdichtendes Has play of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably of approximately 0.2 mm, which forms an airflow-permeable edge slot 4.14 , which makes the usual model plate nozzles on the model or molding box edge unnecessary,
that the Modellfüllrahmen 4:03 with respect to the model unit 4.02 is vertically displaceable by the distance 4:07, said distance or displacement on the one hand limited by the support of the Modellfüllrahmens 4:03 on the support surface 4:39 and on the other hand by the supporting bolts 4.23 wherein the screwed into the base frame 4:08 supporting bolt 4:23 rest on the impact and wear-resistant plastic panes 4.24 ( Fig. 7) of the model filling frame 4.03 ,
that the support bolts 4.23 can be moved contact-free through the holes in the washers 4.24 and the holes in the flange 4.29 with corresponding clearance and that the molding box 4.01 can be placed on the surface of the model filling frame 4.03 and centered on the model filling frame 4.03 via the centering elements 4.21 or 4.22 , 6. The device according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the centering and guide pins 4.17 have a narrow-tolerance fine centering in the lower area 4.18 (preferably e.g. H7 / g6) and an accurate but smooth guidance (preferably e.g. H7 / e8) in the upper area 4.19 ,
and that the adjustment between the molding box and the model via the non-moving centering elements 4.15 / 4.16 with a tight fit (preferably e.g. H7 / h6) and further via the moving centering elements 4.17 / 4.18 / 4.20 with a tight sliding fit (preferably e.g. H7 / g6) and 4.21 / 4.22 with a wide sliding fit (preferably e.g. H7 / e8), whereby a total deviation of 0.072 mm to 0.178 mm can be realized between the molding box and the model. 7. Device according to claims 5 and 6,
characterized,
that the model filling frame 4.03 has a circumferential flange 4.29 / 4.30 , which largely covers the support surface 4.39 for the model filling frame 4.03 by the dimension 4.29 a / 4.30 a and protects against sand or dirt deposits, that the circumferential flange 4.29 / 4.30 has a sloping roof 4.31 , whereby sand or dirt deposits on the circumferential flange can be avoided,
that the flange 4.30 can be used as a runner of the model filling frame 4.03 on the roller conveyors 2.03 and 3.03 and the flange 4.29 accommodates the centering and guide bushes 4.20 and the storage discs 4.24 for the support bolts 4.23 ,
that the model filling frame 4.03 has the encapsulated chambers 4.27 , whereby the centering elements 4.17 / 4.20 are protected against contamination
and that the model filling frame 4.03 has the encapsulated chambers 4.28 , as a result of which the support disks 4.24 for the supporting bolts 4.23 are protected against contamination. 8. Device according to claims 1, 3, 4 and 5,
characterized,
that the models 4.10 / 4.11 / 4.12 have model plate nozzles 4.06 and a peripheral edge slot 4.14 ,
that the base frame 4.08 of the model unit 4.02 has the openings 4.26 and the lifting table 3.01 are congruent with the openings 4.26 a,
whereby the fluidizing air flow can be removed or the compressed air can be supplied for the expansion pressing. 9. Device according to claims 1, 3, 4 and 5,
characterized,
that the surface of the model filling frame 4.03 is level with the surface of the model 4.11 / 4.12 or has an offset 4.37 of at most 1 mm (preferably 0.5 mm) when the model filling frame 4.03 rests on the contact surface 4.39
and that there is a slight offset 4.40 between the inner walls of the molding box 4.01 and the inner walls of the model filling frame 4.03 in order to avoid a sand jam edge when pushing up the molding sand. 10. Device according to claims 1 to 7,
characterized,
that in work station A the model unit 4.02 with the model filling frame 4.03 resting on its support surface 4.39 can be lifted by the lifting table 2.01 with the model roller conveyor 2.03 open, the model filling frame 4.03 accommodating the molded box 4.01 , after which the model roller conveyor 2.03 closes and then the model filling frame 4.03 with its track 4:30 is by the lowering lift table 2.01 to the model roller conveyor 2:03 deductible and the further lowering lift table 2.01 the model unit 4.02 / carries in Modellfüllrahmen 4:03 to mechanically limited by the supporting pin 23.4 distance 2:07 4:07 and the lifting table then further to the end position lowers,
that the model roller conveyor 2.03 has a distance 2.04 ( FIG. 2) of 1 mm to 10 mm, preferably 3 mm to the running bar 4.30 for closing,
that the molding box 4.01 resting on the model filling frame 4.03 has a distance 2.06 / 3.06 of 1 mm to 10 mm, preferably 3 mm, to its roller conveyor 1.04 when the model filling frame 4.03 with its track bar 4.30 lies on the model roller conveyor 2.03 / 3.03
and that the lifting table 2.01 has the electromagnets 2.02 that can be switched on and that exert an adhesive force between the lifting table 2.01 and the base frame 4.08 in the area 2.07 / 4.07 during the lowering or carrying of the model unit 4.02 , so that the lowering of the model unit 4.02 from the model filling frame 4.03 does not only depends on the weight of the model unit. 11. An apparatus for performing the method according to claims 1, 3, 4 and 5
characterized
that the compression unit 3.14 has a compression filling frame 3.22 which surrounds the compression unit 3.14 telescopically and can be displaced vertically, with the seals 3.28 and 3.29 , the seal 3.28 sealing the compression filling frame to the molding box 4.01 and the seal 3.29 sealing the compression filling frame to the compression unit 3.14 ,
that the compression filling frame 3.22 is guided vertically via the guide rods 3.23 and can be displaced vertically via the cylinders 3.24 and can be placed and pressed onto the molding box 4.01 to close the molding chamber 3.13 and can be lifted by the distance 3.09 from the molding box 4.01 for the molding box transport 1.08 ,
that the guide rods 3.23 and the cylinders 3.24 can be attached to the compression unit 3.14 or to the head frame 1.02 . 12. The device according to claim 11,
characterized,
that the seal 3.29 is fastened to the compression unit by means of a clamping strip 3.30 and has a protrusion 3.31 from the compression unit, the seal 3.29 having a slight play with the inner wall of the compression filling frame 3.22 and thus having no contact with the inner wall of the compression filling frame ,
that the compression filling frame 3.22 has a peripheral flange 3.25 which can be pressed onto the seal 3.29 for the sealing function ,
that the Verdichtungsfüllrahmens 3.22 can be pressed with its gasket 3:28 on the molding box 4.01, and with its circumferential lip surface 25.3 on the seal 29.3, with the impression force on, through the model / Füllrahmeneinheit 4:04 supported by the lifting table 3:01 molding box 4:01 (Fig. 3, left half section ) is greater than the upward force resulting from the compression pressure in the molding chamber 3.13 and the circumferential gap 3.26 , so that the compression filling frame 3.22 is secured against lifting when the mold is compressed,
and that the contact pressure of the seal 3.29 on the flange 3.25 is increased by the compression pressure in the mold chamber 3.13 , which results in a higher tightness during the compression of the mold. 13. Device according to claims 11 and 12,
characterized,
that the compression filling frame 3.22 has, as an alternative, a seal 3.32 ( FIG. 9) that can be activated with compressed air, which is embedded in an inner groove of the compression filling frame 3.22 , which in the activated state can be pressed into a profile groove 3.33 / 3.34 on the compression unit and which is not activated in the Pulls the condition out of the profile groove 3.33 / 3.34 due to its elasticity
and that the profile groove 3.33 has a bead 3.34 , with which a displacement of the seal 3.32 by the compression pressure in the molding chamber 3.13 can be avoided. 14. Device according to claims 11 to 13,
characterized,
that the Verdichtungsfüllrahmens 22.03 which, compared to the molding box a 4:01 by the amount of 3.10 (Fig. 3) is slightly smaller inner dimension to a sand accumulation edge during compression to avoid
and that the Verdichtungsfüllrahmen 3.22 The openings 27.3 (Fig. 1/3), which comprises about 3:35 valves of the compression pressure in the mold chamber 13.3 is controlled degradable and thus 3:36 compressed air is blown in via the valves into the molding chamber 3.13. 15. The device according to claims 1 and 3 to 14,
characterized,
that (. 3 Figure) in the Modellfüllrahmen 4:03 lowered by the distance 3.07 / 4:07 model unit receives in the work station B of the lifting table 3:01 after a idle stroke 3:21 4.02 and these then within the Modellfüllrahmens 4:03 up to the mechanical limit 4.39 pushed up, whereby the displaced thereby Molding sand can be moved into the compression filling frame 3.22 placed on the molding box 4.01 , after which the lifting table 3.01 still traverses the distance 3.04 to its uppermost compression position,
that the compression filling frame 3.22 can be placed on the molding box 4.01 before the lifting table 3.01 picks up the model unit 4.02 after the idle stroke 3.21 ,
that the flange 4.30 of the model filling frame 4.03 in the uppermost compression position of the lifting table 3.01 has a distance 3.04 of 1 mm to 10 mm, preferably 3 mm, from the model roller conveyor 3.03 , whereby the model roller conveyor 3.03 can be extended for demolding,
that the molding box 4.01 in the uppermost compression position of the lifting table 3.01 has a distance 3.05 of 1 mm to 15 mm, preferably 6 mm, from its roller conveyor 1.04 , which has to be traversed slowly with the lifting table 3.01 before the model is slowly separated from the mold becomes
and that after complete separation of the model and the shape of the 3.01 lifting table, the 4.02 model unit with the 4.03 model filling frame resting on the support surface 4.39 drops onto the 1.05 model roller conveyor in rapid traverse. 16. The device according to claims 1 and 3 to 15,
characterized,
that the 3.01 lifting table picks up the 4.02 model unit at its full lifting speed, thereby accelerating the 4.02 model unit and the loosely poured molding sand, which means that inhomogeneous filling points in the molding sand can be reduced,
that the molding sand displaced into the compression filling frame 3.22 reduces the size of the molding chamber 3.13 and the compressed air creates a fluidizing air flow flowing out through the model plate nozzles 4.06 and over the edge slots 4.14 , which is followed by the compression of the mold,
that the fluidizing air flow can be amplified by blowing compressed air into the molding chamber 3.13 via the valves 3.36 and via the openings 3.27 , the injection pressure at valve 3.37 and the amount of compressed air at valves 3.36 being adjustable,
that the compressed air is blown in while the model unit 4.02 or molding sand is being pushed up
and that no additional time is required for the entire fluidization process, including blowing in the compressed air. 17. The device according to claims 1, 3 to 16,
characterized,
that the work station B has at least one bead breaker 12.3 on each side of the molding box transport path 1:04, which can be pressed during the removal of the web 4:32 of Modellfüllrahmen 4.03 thereby positively and synchronously with the lifting table 3:01 a the weight of the Modellfüllrahmens 4:03 supporting force for separating the Modellfüllrahmens 4:03 from Mold box 4.01 can be generated. 18. molding sand filling device for performing the method according to claims 1 and 2,
characterized,
that the molding sand filling device 2.14 has a chassis 2.22 with the rollers 2.23 , a conveyor belt 2.20 with a continuously adjustable conveying speed, a metering vessel 2.21 with at least three discharge slides 2.26 / 2.27 , a sand guide funnel 2.15 with at least one aerator 2.19 and a drive cylinder 2.25 with a continuously adjustable driving speed,
that the head frame 1.02 has the running rails 2.24 , whereupon the molding sand filling device 2.14 can be moved back and forth between positions 2.35 and 2.36 for filling the molding sand in layers,
that the molding sand discharge 2.30 takes place from the metering vessel 2.21 in at least three sections 2.18 a ( FIG. 2) and each section has a shaft 2.18 in the sand guide funnel 2.15 ,
that each section 2.18 a has a height-adjustable discharge slide 2.26 / 2.27 attached to the metering vessel 2.21 , with which the discharge height 2.30 of the molding sand is infinitely adjustable,
that the model-dependent amount of molding sand can be determined at a fixed discharge time by the conveyor speed of the conveyor belt 2.20 and by the discharge heights 2.30 ,
that the partial, model-dependent amount of molding sand can be determined by the individual discharge heights 2.30 ,
that the discharge slides 2.26 or the discharge heights 2.30 are adjustable for partial adjustment of the amount of molding sand during the movement of the molding sand filling device 2.14 ,
that the movable molding sand filling device 2.14 has a stationary sand protection frame 2.11 which can be placed on the molding box 4.01 and which surrounds the lower segment 2.16 of the sand guide funnel 2.15 , thus preventing the molding sand from spraying out
and that the metering vessel 2.21 of the molding sand filling device 2.14 can be filled by a stationary storage bunker 2.37 and the filling level of the metering vessel 2.21 is monitored by sand probes. 19. The apparatus according to claim 18,
characterized,
that the drives 2.27 for the discharge slide 2.26 for the automatic and continuous adjustment of the discharge heights 2.30 each have a measuring system,
that the drive cylinder 2.25 has a path measuring system, with which the path of the molding sand filling device 2.14 can be divided into a grid of a minimum of 1 mm to a maximum of 50 mm, preferably 5 mm,
that each discharge slide 2.26 / 2.27 has a model-dependent discharge height 2.30 for each grid point of the route,
that the discharge heights 2.30 in association with the grid points of the route can be called up from a data record assigned to the respective model and transmitted to the control of the drives 2.27 ,
that the model-dependent conveyor speed of the conveyor belt 2.20 can be called up from a data record assigned to the respective model and can be transmitted to the control of the conveyor belt drive,
that the discharge heights 2.30 and / or the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 2.20 have a relation to the molding sand moisture and are automatically adaptable to it and that the data sets can be changed online for optimization. 20. The apparatus according to claim 18,
characterized,
that the sand guide funnel 2.15 has a rectangular inner cross-section for filling the molding sand in layers, the long side lying transverse to the direction of movement covering the inner region of the molding box 4.01 ( FIG. 2) and the short side 2.40 lying in the direction of movement approx. 1/3 to 1/6, preferably 1 / 4 corresponds to the inside dimensions of the molding box,
that the Sandleittrichter 15.2 in the lower part for mounting the aerators way the segments 16.2 and 17.2 having 2.19 wherein the segments 16.2 and 17.2 widen in the downward direction to sand deposit edges excluded
that each shaft 2.18 of the sand guide funnel 2.15 has a closure flap 2.31 with a rubber lip 2.32 , which are fastened to a continuous shaft 2.33 and can be moved into a closed and an open position by a cylinder 2.34 , the closure flap 2.31 moving in when the conveyor belt 2.20 in Is in the closed position and is pressed with the rubber lip 2.32 against the conveyor belt 2.20 to prevent the sand slope from falling onto the model and the molding box
and that each discharge slide 2.26 has a control element 2.28 for the molding sand flow , which consists of a plate suspended vertically by gravity and which is raised by the molding sand flow and activates a sensor 2.29 . 21. Device according to claims 18 and 20,
characterized,
that the inner dimension of the sand protection frame 2.11 is slightly smaller by the dimension 2.10 ( FIG. 2) than the inner dimension of the molding box 4.01 , in order to avoid a sand deposit area on the molding box,
that the sand protection frame 2.11 can be deposited onto the molding box 4.01 by means of the short-stroke cylinders 2.12 for filling the molding sand and can be slightly lifted off the molding box for the transport of the molding box,
that the piston rods of the short-stroke cylinders 2.12 have a spherical cap connection to the sand protection frame 2.11 in order to avoid transverse forces on the piston rods
and that the sand protection frame 2.11 has a cleaning brush 2.11 a, with which the mold box surface is cleaned during the transport of the mold box. 22. Model changing device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the model changing device in work station A has a lifting device 5.01 provided with non-driven rollers and the work station B has a lifting device 5.02 provided with non-driven rollers,
that the lifting devices 5.01 and 5.02 each have four lifting cylinders 5.03 with a continuous piston rod 5.04 as a guide element ,
that the piston rods 5.04 are connected to the lifting table 5.01 or 5.02 via a spherical attachment 5.05 in order to avoid lateral forces on the piston rods,
that the lifting devices 5.01 and 5.02 can only be lifted and lowered empty and load-free when the two lifting tables 2.01 and 3.01 are raised,
that the two lifting devices are for the model change in the raised position 5.01 and 5.02, in the station A, a model / Füllrahmeneinheit 4:04 Mitteis lifting table 2:01 5.01 can be lifted from the rollers of the lifting device and in the station B by means of lifting table 3:01 a model / Füllrahmeneinheit 4:04 can be placed on the rollers of the lifting device 5.02 ,
that the model changing device has a driven roller conveyor 5.09 in axis A and a driven roller conveyor 5.10 in axis B,
and that the model changing device for translating the model / filling frame units 4.04 from the axis B to the axis A has a shuttle carriage 5.11 which can be moved on running rails and is provided with driven rollers. 23. Model changing device according to claim 22,
characterized,
that the work station A has a feed cylinder 5.06 with an electromagnet 5.07 which can be switched on and off, with which the model / filling frame unit 4.04 can be detected before leaving the driven roller conveyor 5.09 and with which the model / filling frame unit 4.04 adhering to the electromagnet adheres to the non-driven rollers of the lifting device 5.01 in the End position of workstation A is retractable
and that the work station B has a push-off cylinder 5.08 , with which the model / filling frame unit 4.04 can be pushed off the non-driven rollers of the lifting device 5.02 onto the driven roller conveyor 5.10 . 24. Model changing device according to claims 22 and 23,
characterized,
that the model change can be carried out without extending the cycle time during the molding box transport 1.08 , a model / filling frame unit 4.04 moving from the driven roller conveyor 5.09 onto the raised lifting device 5.01 of the work station A and a model / filling frame unit 4.04 from the raised lifting device 5.02 of the work station B onto the driven one Roller conveyor 5.10 extends,
that one half of the pair of models can be exchanged in two successive work cycles or mold box transports
and that the model / filling frame units 4.04 can be converted for a later model change in the handling places 5.13 or can be exchanged for another pair on the parking path 5.12 . 25. Model changing device according to claims 22 to 24,
characterized,
that the molding machine operation can be carried out with a constant model change with two model pairs,
that the molding machine operation can be carried out with three or more model pairs in the event of a constant model change and corresponding extension of the driven roller conveyors 5.09 and 5.10 ,
that in the case of molding machine operation with two or more pairs of models, the models at handling stations 5.13 can be handled without increasing the cycle time, e.g. B. the setting of cooling irons and / or exothermic feeders
and that if a model or a pair of models needs longer to be treated, the dwell time at the handling positions 5.13 can be extended by molding a pair of models without any need for treatment two or more times and then changing the model pair with a longer need for treatment to a single impression in the molding machine. 26. Process and molding machine according to claims 1 to 25,
characterized,
that the molding machine can be designed as a twin molding machine with approximately doubling of the output, the work station A having two molding sand filling devices 2.14 which can be moved transversely to the mold box transport direction 1.08, and the work station B having two compression units , each with a compression filling frame 3.22 ,
that in workstation A a model pair consisting of upper and lower box models can be joined together with the corresponding molded boxes 4.01 and filled with molding sand,
that in workstation B a pair of molds consisting of upper and lower box molds can be compressed and removed from the mold
and that with the mold box transport 1.08, the mold boxes 4.01 can be moved by a double division. 27. Use claim according to claims 1 to 26,
characterized,
that all model-specific parameters such as the amount of molding sand, molding sand moisture, settings for the discharge heights 2.30 in association with the grid points of the cylinder path 2.25 , conveyor speed of the conveyor belt 2.20 , compression variants, compression pressure, compression time, pouring funnel position, casting weight etc. for each individual pair of model plates with upper and lower box identification in one Data record can be stored,
that the data record is permanently assigned to the model ID number and can be changed online during operation for the purpose of optimization,
that the model ID number with the upper and lower box identification is attached in coded form as a coding strip to the model / filling frame unit 4.04
and that the model ID number can be automatically read out from the driven roller conveyor 5.09 into the work station A when the model / filling frame unit 4.04 is retracted , and thus the assigned data set or the model-specific parameters are quickly available for the molding machine operation in the event of a model change or permanent changeover operation.