DE2156680A1 - Device for demolding castings - Google Patents

Description

4690 Herne, ⁸ *> Μ Munich ί3,

Frelligrathstrasse 19 _n -. ■ η u R _α h r ' ^E ' ^E - ^{nacher straßf3 17}

P.O. Box 140 U-ipi.-ing. Π. Π. Your Pat. Appl. Betzier

Pal.-App. Herrmann-Trentepohl ΠϊηΙ D hire Prlnarrl Rat7lpr Telephone: 398011

Telephone: 51013 Uipi. - KHVS. COliard ΒΘΙΖΙβΓ _Μ , ₁₂

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⁵¹⁰¹⁴ Dipi.-ing. W. Herrmann-Trentepoh! ^ ⁸⁰¹³

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SOCIETE DES PONDERIES DE P0NT-A-M0USS0N ■ 91, avenue de "la Liberation, 54 Nancy. / France

Device for demolding castings

The invention relates to a device for demolding of castings cast in sand molds without a frame.

Usually, after the casting process, the sand molds are placed on a vibrating grate for plastering. Such Grates are used to free the castings from their sand layers and to separate the sand from the castings. With this type of demoulding, the cast cleaning is very a lot of dust and steam released due to the heat of the castings. The cleaned castings must be gripped by hand so that they can be placed on a conveyor or attached to a suspension conveyor. This manual change ..

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Positioning is cumbersome and harmful to the health of the operating personnel. There is also the risk of that the demolded and still warm castings receive markings or damage on the vibrating grate will.

The invention is based on the object of creating a mechanical device for demolding in which the Vibration of the molds used for casting cleaning and manual actuation in the vicinity of the molds are avoided while at the same time providing the ability to demold the castings and take them to the finishing station to transport.

The mechanical demolding device according to the invention is applicable to sand molds that have at least

Q.
at the time of demolding) have a frame, ie,

which consist of simple blocks of sand. This device, which has a floating conveyor is characterized according to the invention in that the suspension conveyor is provided with hooks which each cooperate being demolded w casting to penetrate successively with a guide cam and a Gußansatz a about the associated sand mold, the To take casting approach and pull the casting out of the sand mold and carry out.

The device according to the invention is particularly applicable to molding lines equipped in a long row where the pouring channels and the sprues are always in the same place on the molds and where the molds always take up the same space on the molding lines. the Hooks then tear open the sand molds and grab them

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Castings on their casting approaches This demoulding process leads to a minimal displacement of the sand, so that, compared to the known method of the Cast plastering using vibrations, considerably less dust and steam is released. About that In addition, the device according to the invention can be controlled remotely, with the operating personnel in the Protection of a cabin can work. Finally, there is a considerable time saving, since the demolded Castings no longer have to be manually attached to a conveyor.

Further features and advantages essential to the invention emerge from the following description in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are based on the enclosed Drawing will be explained. The drawing shows in:

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of an arrangement with a single molding line and with a device according to the invention;

2 shows a schematic side view with a section through a sand mold, with a first embodiment is shown according to the invention applied to a single molding line, in one position before the start of the demolding process;

5 to 5 corresponding partial views, with different Phases of the demolding process are shown;

6 shows a perspective partial view of an individual part of the device;

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Fig. 7 is a plan view corresponding to that of Pig. 1, although an arrangement with two combined, parallel, adjacent molding lines as well as is shown with two demolding devices according to the invention, namely one of the devices assigned to one of the molding lines;

8 to 11 side views corresponding to those according to FIGS. 2 to 4, but of a second embodiment according to the invention, which in particular together can be used with the first embodiment as applied to an arrangement with two combined Forming lines according to Fig. 7

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 6 the invention is applied to a single forming line 1, which extends in the direction of the arrow fl (Fig. 1) emotional. The device according to the invention is used for Demolding of castings 2 (Fig. 2 to 5) that have been poured into sand molds -J5. Make the sand molds simple rectangular sand blocks without a frame. If frames are provided, these are previously from the Shapes have been removed.

According to FIG. 2, the sand molds each have a pouring funnel 4, a sprue 5 and a pouring channel on, and these are filled with a casting approach 7 (Fig. 4,5). The sprue is in one piece with the casting 2 and plays an essential role in the context of the invention. The sand molds JJ are on plates on the only molding line. Fig. 2 shows of

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this molding line also rolls 9 and rails lo. .

If the device according to the invention is to function correctly, the sand molds 5 must always have the occupy the same place on the plates 8. The castings 2 and their casting approaches 7 should always be the same Place in the sand molds 3. In other words, this means that the manufacture of the sand molds and their placement on Pormstrasse should take place automatically.

The demolding device according to the invention consists essentially from:

1) a suspension conveyor 11 of known design;

2) from hooks 12 for demolding and conveying, these "hooks" being suspended from the suspension conveyor;

j5) and from a device 13 for guiding and actuating ' the hook.

The suspension conveyor 11 is only shown schematically. It consists of a stationary rail 14, which the demolding station for the castings with the finishing station for the molded castings, and from a segment or rail section 15, which is in the direction of the molding line 1 can lower into the position designated by 15a (FIG. 2), and can be raised again / and under the action of a screw winch, cable winch or the like. Which is indicated schematically in FIG. 2 by its line of action 16. The winch works in combination

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tion with end stops and end contacts not shown. Furthermore, the suspension conveyor has trolleys or equivalent Chain links 17, which are depending on the rail 14 and the rail section 15 in the direction of the arrow f2 of FIG. 2 can run. Each of the chain links known per se can be automatically couple to or connect to two adjacent chain links and uncouple or detach them from them. Suitable pins 18 and jaws 19, which are also known per se, are used for this purpose. On every chain link 17, the length of which corresponds at most to that of the rail section 15, is via a toggle joint 2o one of the hooks 12 attached for demolding and conveying.

Each hook 12 consists of a stable rod, which is suspended by means of a hanging iron 21 on the toggle joint 2o. There is a rigid connection between the rod and the hanging iron. The rod ends in a lower fork head 22 with the two actual hook arms 2j5 (see in particular FIG. 6). Furthermore, the rod carries at around the center one of the guide serving transverse pin 24 which extends perpendicular to the rod and cooperating with the unique device I3 for longitudinal guiding and actuating the hooks 12th

The facility IJ consists of a guide ramp 25, which runs in a straight line in the present embodiment, and two guide grooves 26 for the transverse pin 24 of each hook 12, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 6. . Furthermore is a stationary holder 27 is provided with which the guide ramp 25 is pivotable about a horizontal axis 28 in Connection. A lifting device 29 is used to

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slide the guide ramp to. to approach the hook 12 of the sand mold 3 or to remove it from it Lifting device 29 is oriented transversely, i.e. it extends perpendicular to the forming line 1. The The lower part of the guide ramp 25 is at the end of the piston rod the lifting device 29 attached, namely pivotable around a horizontal axis Jo. The means known per se for actuating the lifting device are not further shown.

Fig. 2 shows two successive hooks. One of these two is downstream in relation to the direction of displacement the chain links 17 in the direction of arrow f2. This hook is from the rail section 15 and is shown in two positions. The raised position has the reference numeral 12 and is drawn in dash-dotted lines. The other position with the reference number 12a, which is fully extended is drawn, represents an intermediate layer during the lowering process. The rail section 15 is located is already at the height indicated by 15a, and the hook has been gripped by the guide ramp 25. However, the hook is still in a retracted position with respect to the sand mold>. He will held within the demolding station.

the

The other two hooks shown in Fig. 2 also carry the reference numeral 12 and is drawn in full lines. He lies upstream and hangs in a ready position on the rail 14.

When operating the device, the following work steps are carried out:

1) Approach process according to Flg. 2 The forming line 1 is brought to a standstill in such a way that

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a sand mold 3 with an already finished casting 2 below the device I according to the invention (Fig. 1) is located. The one provided with the reference numeral 12 in FIG. 2 and drawn in dot-dash lines The hook is attached to the rail section 15 while this is still in its raised position. At the same time, the next following, also provided with the reference number 12 and in full Lines drawn hooks set on the rail 14 where it waits for the rail section 15 to arrive »

The guide ramp 25 takes an inclined, withdrawn Position in which its upper section is ready, the transverse pin 24 of the hanging on the rail section I5 Hook 12 to include. The rail part then moves downwards, with the hook lowering at the same time. At a certain point in time, the transverse pin 24 engages in the guide grooves 26 of the guide ramp 25 a. Due to its inclined position, the guide ramp 25 pivots the hook into a position in which it is spread apart from the sand mold 3. As soon as the rail part I5 is in the position indicated by 15a rach Fig. 2 has taken, the hook in the m-it the reference number 12a indicated, held in solid lines position shown.

2) Having the sand mold according to FIG. 3 \

The lifting device 29 is acted upon by a pressure fluid and pushed out. Your piston rod spends the guide ramp into the almost vertical position indicated by the reference numeral 25a. It rotates

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the guide ramp around its horizontal axis 28. Under Interposition of the guide ramp, the lifting device 29 also exerts a force on the hook 12 in the direction the sand mold j3 or the sand block. The hook penetrates into the sand mold and tear it open. The sequence of movements of the lifting device 29 is controlled in such a way that that the actual hook arms 25 under the casting approach 7 of the casting 2 arrive so that they can hang up the latter.

3) Gripping and demolding the casting according to FIG. 4

Considering the winch or the like. for the rail section 15 put into operation. The rail section moves upwards and lifts the hook 12 in the process. These Upward movement results in engagement between the hook and the sprue 7 of the casting 2, the latter is raised and progressively freed from the sand mold 3. The hook 12 is in its movement guided by the guide ramp 25.

4) Discharge of the demolded casting according to FIG. 5

The rail section I5 is together with the hook 12 continued to be raised so that the cross pin 24 from the Guide ramp 25 exits. In the meantime, the demolded casting 2 is on the hook 12 via its casting attachment 7 hung up. If the casting has left the sand mold J, it only forms a pile of sand. the Upward movement of the rail section 15 is stopped when the rail section is on Has taken up space in the rail 14 again. then

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the hook is also back in its original position marked with the reference number 12, and it is then moved to the right in Figure 5 towards the finishing station. Simultaneously moves the following hook 12, which is shown in the left part of Fig. 5 in a ready position is to the hook on which the discharged casting is suspended to replace on the rail section 15, in the dash-dotted lines position shown in FIG. 2.

The molding line 1 advances one step and offers the next following sand mold 5 according to FIG. 1. The working cycle can then be repeated kick off.

From the above description it can be seen that the presence of a person in the vicinity of the sand molds is by no means at all is required. The control of the molding line 1, the suspension conveyor with the rail 14 and the rail section 15 can including control of the chain links 17 remotely using means known per se, for example on a Control panel, which is shielded against heat and dust. It can even be controlled automatically.

In addition, the castings demolded in this way 2 through the demolding process. neither with markings provided, nor damaged, otherwise there is a risk of using a vibrating grate.

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T?

^In addition, the sand is only minimally displaced due to the simple tearing open of the sand mold 3 by the hook 12, so that only minimal amounts of dust are released.

Finally, each casting 2 is grasped at the same time as the demolding process and ' \ ^' ^ "^" , due to the combination between the appropriately guided hooks 12 and the casting projections 7 of the castings which are suitably arranged within the sand molds 3 In the known devices for demolding and casting cleaning, which work with the use of vibrations, the casting is initially cleared of its layers of sand and only then, namely a certain time later, is grasped and discharged. In comparison with this, the simultaneous execution of the processes according to the invention leads to a time saving.

The device according to the invention also avoids laborious and strenuous operations, as is the case with known ones Devices are required in which the disordered, demolded castings are manually gripped during discharge must, unless electromagnetic lifting devices or other transport devices are provided.

Fig. 7 shows schematically in plan the. side by side horizontal arrangement of two devices I and II according to the Invention. Such an arrangement can be used to carry out demolding processes when two molding lines 1 and la are combined with one another in parallel and side by side. The sand molds 3 of the molding line 1 are located next to the sand molds ^ a of the molding line la and stir

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these are practical, provided they do not keep a maximum of a small distance.

As seen from FIG. 7, the modified Embodiment II not alone, but in combination used with the above-described embodiment I shown in FIGS.

In this embodiment, the arrangement I according to Figures 1 to 6 is transverse to the molding lines 1 and la provided, specifically near the molding line 1. The second arrangement II is next to the arrangement I and parallel to this. However, the sand of the mold 3 on the molding line 1 hinders the movement of the hook of the Arrangement II. The form 3 was torn open by the arrangement I in the previous work cycle. The sand of this mold is therefore in front of the first mold 3a, which is now to be torn open, on the molding line la. It is for this reason it is necessary to clear a path for the hook of the arrangement II.

For this purpose, the arrangement II is designed as can be seen from FIGS. 8 to 11. This arrangement II can In addition, it is used only in all cases in which "necessary" is to clear away sand in deneries, which allows access hindered the associated hook to a sand mold.

The arrangement II, like the arrangement II ', has a suspension conveyor for hooks 12 for demolding and conveying provided by castings. Also is a device 13 for Guiding and actuating the hooks available. Furthermore

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the arrangement II has a shovel 3 ² which is used to clear away the sand 31 of the previously torn mold 3 on the molding line 1 near the arrangement II. Thus, the hook 12 of the arrangement II is given the opportunity to act on the sand mold 3a of the molding line la.

The Schaufel_32 is flat and vertical as well aligned parallel to the adjacent faces of the sand molds. The area of the blade corresponds to these neighboring ones Surfaces. The shovel sits on a frame 33 * which is attached to the end of the piston rod of a lifting device 34 is. The lifting device is at right angles to the adjacent surfaces of the sand molds, in particular at right angles to the surface of the sand mold 3a that is to be torn open. This means that the lifting device extends transversely to the direction of movement of the molding lines 1 and la. The shovel 32 and the frame 33 act cooperates with the hook 12 to exert a force on the latter in this perpendicular direction. Above the shovel 32, the guide ramp 25 is arranged, and although it is simply seated pivotably about the axis 28 on the holder 27. In the present embodiment, it has the guide ramp has an obtuse-angled shape, the axis 28 being at the apex of this angle. Also carries the guide ramp 2 effective guide surfaces for the Cross pin 24 of the hook 12, namely on the one hand the double inner guide groove 26, and on the other hand an outer guide track 35 * those of the flanges of the guide ramp representing profile is formed. The guide ramp is held by a stop 36 in a position in which they the transverse pin 24 of the lowering hook 12 can accommodate. Another stop 37 serves to

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to hold the guidance ramp in a second position, in which it guides the transverse pin 24 during the upward movement of the hook 12. It should also be mentioned that in the extension the guide groove 26 of the guide ramp 25, and although below this, a guide surface 39 belonging to the frame 33 is provided.

The device according to this embodiment functions as follows. Arrangements I and II work at the same time, being offset from one another by a sand mold on the molding line 1 relative to the molding line la are (Fig. 7).

The mode of operation of the arrangement I corresponds to the description above. The workflow in the arrangement II takes place as follows:

Rest position according to FIG. 8

The hook 12 assumes a raised position above the guide ramp 25. A sand mold 3a is in their demolding position on the molding line la. A sand mold 3 on the molding line 1 has already been emptied and represents nothing more than a pile of sand 3I. The blade 32 rests on a surface of the sand mold 3a and separates them from the pile of sand 31. The lifting device 34 is in its extended position. The guide ramp 25 is supported on the stop 36 and is ready to receive the transverse pin 24 of a hook 12.

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Approach of the hook according to Flg. 9

The lifting device 34 is operated so that it is their The piston rod retracts. The shovel 32 moves in the process backwards to the left and pushes the sand 31 on the plate 8 back so that it moves away from the sand mold 3a and exposes a passage 38. The hook moves down and first engages in the guide groove 26 of the guide ramp 25 a. He is here in the position indicated by dash-dotted lines. Then he bets its downward movement in the free passage 38 near the Sand mold 3a continues, using its vertical surface as a guide can serve. The hook 12 is then in a Position suitable for tearing open the sand mold 3a.

The tearing according to Fig. Io

The lifting device Jk is then operated to push the shovel 32 towards the sand mold 3a ² ^ again. The shovel exerts a force on the hook 12, which tears open the sand mold 3 a and lies under the sprue J of the casting 2.

Gripping and demolding of the casting according to FIG. 11

The paddle 32 continues its thrusting motion and removes the hook 12 from the guide ramp 25. The shovel then moves into its starting position according to FIG. 8. Then the hook 12 moves up again. Its transverse pivot

24 no longer enters the guide groove 26, but is supported against the guide track 35 of the guide ramp

25 and against the stop 36, until the Hook pivoted the guide ramp 25 so that it now rests against the stop 37. In the event of a continuation of

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downward movement removes the hook 12 from the guide ramp 25 and frees the casting 2 completely from the sand, form 3a. He's holding the casting hung up like this shown in broken lines before the casting is discharged. -

Because of the shovel 32 , the two similar arrangements I and II can work simultaneously to empty the molds of the two molding lines 1 and la. So there is a high production output.

It should also be noted that the arrangement II, which has the movable frame 33, with or without a shovel, can be used to sand mold a single Forming line, such as the forming line 1, to empty. Unless a blade 32 is required, a vertical one must Surface 39 (FIG. 8) on the movable frame 33 can be provided in such a way that it exerts a force on the hook 12 able to exercise.

Patent claims :

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Claims (12)

Claims 1. Device for demolding castings that are poured in sand molds without a frame, which are successive be moved in a predetermined direction along at least one molding line, the molding line being a floating conveyor characterized in that the suspension conveyor (14, 17) is provided with hooks (12) is, each in turn with a guide ramp (25) and with a casting approach (7) one to be demolded Cast piece (2) cooperate to penetrate the associated sand mold (3 * ^ a) and tear open the casting approach (7) and take the casting (2) out of the sand mold (^, 3a) to pull out as well as to carry out » 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the suspension conveyor has a chain of automatically detachable chain links (17) which are movable along a rail (14), and that the Rail (14) with the exception of a rail section (15) * whose length is at least the length of a chain link (I7) corresponds, is arranged stationary, wherein the rail section (15) in the vertical direction between a first Position in which it is level with the rail (14) and can be moved to a lowered position (15a), in which the one arranged on a chain link (I7) and from the rail section (15). carried hooks (12) a downward shifted position to interact with the guide ramp (25) occupies. -17 - 209826 / Q596 2) 56680 18 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the substantially Hook (12) designed as a rigid suspension rod has a transverse pin approximately in the middle. (24) to work together with the guide ramp (25). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3> characterized in that the guide ramp (25) has a guide groove (26) for the transverse pin (24) each hook (12). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, thereby g e k e η η ζ eic h η e t that the guide ramp (25) is hinged to a bracket (27) at one point approximately in the middle. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5 * characterized in that the guide ramp (25) is articulated with its lower part at the end of a piston rod of a lifting device (29). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5 * thereby marked. c h η e t that a frame (33) with a flat, vertical blade (32) arranged parallel to the surface of the sand mold (3a) to be torn open is provided, which lies below the guide ramp (25), and that the frame (33) transversely to the conveying direction of the molds (3a) to be torn open one after the other is. "- ' - .18 - 209826/0596 8. The device according to claim J, characterized in that the frame (33) is attached to the end of a piston rod of a lifting device (3 ² O, which is transverse to the conveying direction of the successively torn open sand molds (3a). 9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that that the scoop (32) cooperates successively with each of the hooks (12) in order to make the latter to press against the surface of the sand mold (3a) to be torn open, in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the forms. 10. Device according to one of claims 7 to 9 * characterized in that the guide ramp (25) has the shape of an obtuse angle and is articulated with its tip on the holder (27), being around an axis (28) between two stops (36, 37) is pivotable. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to lo, characterized in that the guide ramp (25) a guide groove (26) and an outer guide track (35) for the arranged on each of the hooks (12) Has transverse pin. ■ 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11 for emptying molds without frames, which are consecutive are moved along a first and a parallel, adjacent second molding line, characterized in that in combination a first Demolding arrangement (I) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 - 19 - ^l 2 0 98 26/0 596. and a second demolding arrangement (II) according to one of claims 7 to 11 are provided, which are arranged side by side and adjacent to the first molding line (I), and that the blade 02) of the second arrangement (II) between the two molding lines (1, la) lies, namely in a space between a sand mold (3a), which is to be torn open on the second conveyor line (la) with the aid of the second arrangement (II), and between the sand (Jl) of a sand mold (J) which is already has been torn open on the first forming line (1) by the first arrangement (I). - 2o - 209826 / 0S96