DE10230054A1 - Device for processing side edges of sheet-shaped substrates - Google Patents

Abstract

Device for processing in one cutting plane (9) the side edges (3) of a stack of sheets of printed material (1) moved in one processing direction (5) comprises a rotating tool head (20) with a fixed axis of rotation (12). Circular notch elements (36) for roughening the side edges are arranged on the tool head. Cutting elements (32) for trimming the edges are arranged around the notch elements. The axis of rotation forms an acute angle (alpha) relative to the vertical (7) on the cutting plane so that the cutting elements are in contact with the side edges only on one side of the tool head. Preferred Features: The angle is adjusted so that the notch elements are dipped twice into the cutting plane and the cutting elements are dipped only once.

Description

The invention relates to a device for processing side edges of sheet-shaped substrates, according to the generic term of claim 1, in particular for processing side edges of sheet-shaped printing materials arranged in stacks, to prepare a perfect binding.

For Books or brochures in short runs is common to connect the individual sheets one Perfect binding used. Adhesive binding is particularly useful for further processing of digital prints and copies, because they are particularly low Requirements, e.g. be made from just one copy.

For making a perfect binding become the leaf-shaped Printing materials that make up the finished bound book or brochure are collected first and aligned with each other in a stack. This stack of sheet-like substrates is clamped in such a way that the individual sheet-shaped printing materials slip in the stack if possible is excluded. Then one side of the stack of sheet-like substrates is first face-milled and then coated with a suitable adhesive. Come as an adhesive various hot glues or cold glues, so-called dispersion glues in question. The type of Adhesive is for however, the present invention is irrelevant. Will the side edges the leaf-shaped Substrates only milled off before the adhesive is applied, the adhesive in usually only a small contact area with the sheet-like substrate, which should be fixed since the adhesive can only be fixed with a straight line Side edge of each leaf-shaped Can connect substrates. This leads to a low pull-out strength the leaf-shaped Substrates in the finished bound product.

The quality of the perfect binding can be improved be by the surface the side edge and thus the contact surface between the adhesive and in sheet Substrate is enlarged.

Another improvement in perfect binding can be achieved by wetting the side edge of the leaf-shaped Printing material is improved by adhesive. For example thereby done by the paper fibers of the side edge of the sheet-like printing material that is ultimately exposed for the mechanical anchoring of the sheet-like substrate in the Take care of adhesives. This is particularly the case with coated papers an important requirement, since only the fiber content is used for these contributes to strength, however, the proportion of lines here makes up half of the material can. Therefore, in many devices for processing side edges of leaf-shaped An additional one in preparation for a perfect binding Notching tool or other roughening tool used to the paper fiber to expose and anchor between paper and adhesive to improve. In addition to roughening the side edges of the sheet-shaped substrates in the stack it is additional necessary, the surface to be glued first to equalize what is typically done with a milling tool in a first step is achieved. The step of milling off the side to be glued is mandatory of the stack in the perfect binding of signatures, since here the Rückenfalze are to be cut off.

Such a device is described, for example, in the Swiss patent CH 30 36 78 disclosed. Cutting tools for leveling a spine are attached in a first outer ring, and notching tools are provided for roughening the spine in an inner ring. A book block that is passed is thereby leveled first by the cutting tools and then provided by the notching tools with arched, mutually intersecting notches on the back.

Another generic device is in the German patent DE 19 29 901 C3 disclosed. In this device, a cutter disc rotates on a drive shaft, the cutter disc carrying cutting teeth along its circumference to trim the back edge of a stack of paper being passed over it. Furthermore, one or more upwardly directed cutting teeth are attached to the cutter disc in such a way that they can be positioned vertically. This allows the cutting depth of the cutting teeth pointing upwards to be changed.

Another generic device, which combines the leveling or roughening of a book or brochure block before applying adhesive in a tool head, is described in the German patent application DE 100 22 836 A1 disclosed. In this device, a rotation-driven tool head is provided with circumferentially distributed external tools for machining the block back, such as milling or trimming, and with tools arranged within the external tools for reworking the block back, such as notches and roughening. The device provides a gradual height adjustment between the first tools and the second tools in order to change the cutting depth of the second tools. In a special embodiment, brushes are also provided on the tool head, which remove the dust which arises during the processing of the book block spine as well as loose paper particles.

Another device for making notches in the side edges of sheet-shaped substrates in a stack in preparation for Perfect binding is used in the UK patent application GB 20 96 945 A disclosed. In this device, notch knives are mounted on a rotating disk, over which a stack of sheet-shaped printing materials is passed. The axis of rotation of the tool head is slightly inclined with respect to the perpendicular to the direction of movement of the stack of sheet-like substrates, so that the serration teeth come into contact with the stack of sheet-like substrates only on one side of the tool head.

Another device for roughening a book block spine formed from compressed individual printed sheets is described in the European patent specification EP 799 718 B1 disclosed. Here, the processing plane of the roughening tool has a flat angle of attack α with respect to the spine of the book block, such that the roughening tool forms markings as it passes through the sections trailing in the direction of travel, the depth of which is different from the markings formed in the direction of travel ahead.

Another generic device is in the German patent application DE 196 50 851 A1 disclosed. This device has two tool heads driven in opposite directions, each carrying a plurality of machining tools, the tool heads being arranged rotating about a common axis. This arrangement enables lateral forces occurring when trimming the side edges to be compensated.

As from the listed prior art too recognize, there is a need for devices for processing Side edges of leaf-shaped Substrates, especially to prepare a perfect binding and particularly on devices that level and roughen combine the side edges in a single tool head. It is hence the object of the present invention, an improved device for processing side edges of sheet-shaped substrates.

This task is accomplished with the help of device according to the invention solved with the features mentioned in claim 1. There are further characteristics from the drawings and the subclaims.

Accordingly, it is the device according to the invention around a device for machining along a direction of movement moving side edges of sheet-shaped printing materials arranged in a stack in a sectional plane, this being a rotation-driven one Tool head with a fixed axis of rotation, wherein on the Tool head essentially circular notch elements for roughening the side edges of the leaf-shaped Printing materials are arranged and arranged around the substantially circular Notch elements cutting elements for the edge trimming more leaf-shaped Substrates are arranged, the axis of rotation relative to the vertical forms an acute angle α on the cutting plane, so that the cutting elements only on one side of the tool head in contact with the side edges the leaf-shaped Substrates. This is the side of the Tool head especially around the one leading in the direction of movement Page.

Because the cutting elements only on one side in contact with the side edges of the sheet-shaped substrates can reach the cutting forces that occur during machining are reduced, resulting in a higher one Performance of the cutting tool. By reducing the cutting forces, the Stacks of sheet-like substrates while processing can be prevented.

Another advantage arises from the inclination of the axis of rotation, making unavoidable manufacturing and Assembly tolerances that cause the tool head to wobble to lead, by large enough Choice of the angle α compensated can be.

By arranging notch elements and cutting elements on the same tool head, the roughening depth of the notch elements can be influenced very favorably. The roughening depth, which indicates the penetration of the notch elements above the cutting plane, is an important factor that affects the properties of a finished perfect binding. A low roughening depth means that the adhesive applied to the processed side edges of the sheet-like printing materials arranged in the stack can only penetrate slightly laterally into the stack of sheet-like printing materials. A low penetration depth of the adhesive is typically associated with a low pull-out strength of the sheet-like printing materials from the stack, but an advantageous impact behavior of the bound stack of sheet-like printing materials. Conversely, a large roughening depth and thus an increased penetration of the adhesive into the side of the stack of sheet-like printing materials typically leads to a high pull-out strength of the sheet-like printing materials from the stack, but a poor impact behavior of the bound stack. In order to achieve a good impact behavior of the bound stack of sheet-like printing materials and a high tear-out resistance, it is therefore necessary to set the roughening depth as optimally as possible. This optimal roughening depth can be different for different types of sheet-shaped substrates, depending on the quality of the sheet-like substrates, paper weight, material, etc. By arranging notch elements and cutting elements on the same tool head, this predetermined roughening depth can be adjusted in the tenths of a millimeter range by a single adjustment of the posi tion of the notch elements can be made comparatively easily. An adjustment of two individual processing stations to each other in the tenth of a millimeter range is not necessary.

Another advantage arises in the arrangement of notch elements and cutting elements on the same tool head due to the small space required, whereby compact perfect binder with advantageous performance data realized can be.

In an advantageous embodiment the device according to the invention is the angle α set in such a way so that the notch elements twice in the cutting plane of the sheet-shaped substrates immerse the cutting elements only once. On the one hand leave it can be achieved in that the notch elements in two different Notch the side edges of the sheet-shaped printing materials. The fact that the notch elements in the second immersion in less Notch the side edges, there is less cutting force. Becomes in this area, however, the stack of sheet-shaped printing materials easily fanned, so lead the lower cutting forces to an advantageous dedusting of the cutting plane. A thorough one Dust removal from the processed side edge of the sheet-shaped substrates is important because the paper and dust particles that are otherwise on the machining surface that affect the wetting of the side edges with adhesive.

In an advantageous further training the device according to the invention the notch depth of the notch elements is infinitely adjustable. This is especially beneficial for machining the side edges the leaf-shaped Adapt substrates to the properties of the stack, e.g. B. Number of leaf-shaped Printing materials in the stack, type of sheet-shaped printing materials, whether and like the sheet-shaped substrates are printed, especially in the area of the side edge to be processed etc. The stepless adjustment of the notch depth can for example achieved by a stepless adjustability of the angle α become. On the other hand, you can the notch elements can be arranged on a notch ring, which means a left-hand thread and with a corresponding device for Fixation in a desired Position regarding the cutting edge or the cutting plane of the cutting elements adjustable in height is.

In a further advantageous embodiment the device according to the invention the notch elements are arranged on a notch ring and the cutting elements arranged on a cutting ring, with notch ring and cutting ring separately detachable on the tool head be attached. This enables the final assembly of the tool head be made easier and the entirety of the cutting elements on light Way to be replaced. This is especially true of Advantage if, for example, the cutting elements all at first attached to the cutting ring, then together in their final shape to be sanded. This way it is possible to cut all the edges individual cutting elements on the cutting ring with very little Bring tolerances into the same cutting plane. The the same applies to the production of a notch ring and the corresponding notch elements. alternative Is it possible to provide a fastening between the cutting ring and notch ring, so that no adjustment between the cutting ring and notch ring is required is. Also an arrangement of notch elements on the cutting ring between the individual cutting elements or at least some cutting elements is also within the scope of the device according to the invention. In the last Fall can be caused by the displacement of the notch elements between the cutting elements a larger radius the circular Arrangement of the notch elements can be achieved, so that a larger number of notch elements on the tool head. In this The case would also be the speed at which the notched elements enter the milled side of the stack more leaf-shaped What the substrate increases due to the larger radius leads to an improvement in the load on the notch elements.

In a further embodiment of the inventive device is on the sheet-shaped substrates facing away from the notch ring attached at least one notch element. This is particularly advantageous if the installation of the turned notch ring in the tool head a second preferred Notch depth can be reached. In this way, the roughening depth can be adjusted between two preferred roughening depths can be achieved in a simple manner.

In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention the roughening depth is adjusted by placing the notch ring under it. there depending on what you want Roughening depth, a suitable washer between notch ring and tool head inserted. This backing can optionally be in addition to a stepless one Height adjustment, in combination with a stepless height adjustment or instead a stepless height adjustment the roughening depth of the notch elements are used. Also lies it within the scope of the invention that the desired roughening depth by combination multiple washers achieved between notch ring and tool head becomes. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that instead of washers other suitable backing means can also be used.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the cutting elements are soldered to the cutting ring, in particular before the cutting elements are ground into their final shape. This makes it difficult to replace individual cutting elements on the cutting ring, but no further adjustment of the individual cutting elements is required Lich. In particular, all assembly tolerances of the cutting elements are eliminated in this way. Alternative, non-releasable connection methods for connecting two metal parts can also be used according to the invention.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention a cleaning brush is integrated on the tool head. The cleaning brush is on the surface of the tool head in the area within the arrangement of the cutting elements lies, attached and serves to improve the dedusting the machined area of the stack more leaf-shaped Substrates.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention the rotation of the tool head creates a negative pressure in the Area of the tool head that is generated during machining evacuates dust and paper particles. For example can be achieved by having a fan coil in the center of the milling disc is provided, which is comparable to the principle of action of a hair dryer by the rotation of the milling disc an air flow away from the processed surface of the stack of sheet-like substrates generated. This allows an advantageous suction directly at the point of origin the dust and paper particles are reached, which in turn the Dedusting promotes and thus by improving the wetting of the side edges of the sheet-shaped substrates quality through the adhesive the perfect binding improved.

Preferred embodiment of the devices according to the invention are detailed below with reference to the drawings described in more detail. In a schematic representation:

1 a symmetrical view of the tool head of the device according to the invention;

2 a side view in section of the tool head of the device according to the invention;

3 a diagram to illustrate the mode of operation of the device according to the invention with respect to height changes;

4 the inclination of the axis of rotation of the tool head in the device according to the invention.

As in 1 shown is the tool head 20 from a tool carrier 21 with a cutting ring on the surface 30 and a notch ring 40 are attached. The tool head 20 is on a wave 10 (Comp. 4 ) appropriate. The wave 10 is rotationally driven. Further, generally known and necessary for operating the device drive and / or fastening means as well as cams and controls are only shown schematically or are only described in general form.

The tool head 20 rotates around the one with the reference symbol when processing a stack of sheet-like substrates 12 in 2 marked axis of rotation in a direction that in the figures with the reference numeral 14 marked arrow is indicated. As in 1 can be seen, the cutting ring 30 a number of cutting elements on the circumference 32 on. The cutting elements 32 are in the direction of rotation 14 inclined forward on the cutting ring 30 attached. The cutting elements 32 have cutting segments 34 on the cut through the sheet-shaped substrates 1 cause. The cutting segments are those in the direction of movement 14 leading outer edges of the cutting elements 32 , The cut through the sheet-like printing material essentially takes place at the cutting corner 37 instead, which is the top end of the cutting segments 34 represents. The cutting segment 34 has a typical undercut. The cutting elements 32 can on the one hand on the cutting rings 30 be attached releasably attached, for example by screwing, on the other hand, the cutting elements 32 also on the cutting rings 30 be permanently attached, e.g. B. by soldering.

With the cutting elements 32 is it z. B. diamond-ground carbide flakes, another option are ground steel flakes that are hardened afterwards, for. B. by ion implantation. The latter method has the advantage that the grinder tool for producing the cutting segments 34 or cutting corner 37 less worn out. This will make the cutting elements 32 less expensive to manufacture.

Inside the cutting ring 30 is on the surface of the carrier 21 a notch ring 40 attached to the notch elements 36 are attached. The notch elements 36 it can also be diamond-ground carbide flakes or ground steel flakes that have been hardened afterwards, e.g. B. by ion implantation. The notch elements 36 also have an upper corner 39 on, which significantly determines the roughening depth of the device according to the invention. The roughening depth of the notch elements 36 or the upper corner 39 the notch elements 36 results from the height offset between the upper corner 39 the notch elements 36 and the top corner 37 of the cutting segments 34 ,

As in 1 shown, the cutting elements and the notch elements are arranged essentially on a circle. However, this is not necessarily the case. In an alternative embodiment, not shown, the notch elements 36 Be offset in the radial direction to alternative notch patterns in the milled side of the stack of sheet-like substrates 1 to achieve. It is also conceivable to have two or more notch rings 40 on the tool head 20 To provide, for example, only a smaller number of notch elements 36 per notch ring 40 exhibit.

In an alternative, not shown embodiment of the device according to the invention, the cutting ring is provided 30 and the ring 40 to be provided with individual drives and cutting ring 30 and Kerbring 40 to rotate at a relative speed to each other, especially in opposite directions. When rotating the notch ring in opposite directions 30 and cutting ring 40 the trimming or notching can be improved by the opposing forces that occur. Also fanning out stacks of sheet-like substrates 1 reduced by the opposing forces.

As in 2 can be seen, this height offset between the upper corner 39 the notch elements 36 and the top corner 37 of the cutting segments 34 thereby being influenced by washers 60 between the notch ring 40 and the tool carrier 21 be inserted. Since in the illustrated embodiment of the device according to the invention, as in 2 you can see the notch ring 40 on the cutting ring 30 lies, which in turn on the carrier 21 rest, the washers 60 between the notch ring 40 and the tool carrier 21 between the notch ring 40 and the cutting ring 30 be underlaid to achieve a change in the roughening depth. washers 60 can also between tool carriers 21 and cutting ring 30 be inserted to influence the cutting plane 9 to take.

In 3 is the location of the top corners 37 of the cutting segments 34 , or upper corners 39 the notch elements 36 by the influence of a wobbling movement of the tool head 20 shown. From the left is a stack of sheet-like substrates 1 with a side edge 3 along one with the reference number 5 marked arrow moves to the right. The Y position 0 gives the desired cutting plane 9 on. The points marked with the diamonds indicate the position from left to right of the leading top corner 37 of a cutting segment 34 a first cutting element 32 , the top corner 39 a first notch element 36 that on the tool head 20 opposite top corner 39 of a second notch element and the top corner 37 of a cutting segment 34 one on the tool head 20 opposite second cutting elements 32 on. In this advantageous case, the top corner is located 37 of the cutting segment 34 of the first cutting element 32 just below the cutting plane 9 , the top corner 39 of the first notch element 36 just above the cutting plane 9 , which achieves a roughening depth of 200 μm. The top corner 39 of the second notch element 36 that is on the opposite side of the tool head 20 would be arranged with a tool head 20 without a drop far below the cutting plane 9 would lie, as would the top corner 37 of a cutting segment 34 of a second cutting element 32 far below the cutting plane 9 and the actual cutting plane, which is at the top corner 37 of the cutting segment 34 of the first cutting element 32 lies, lie. In this case, it is not provided that the top corners 39 of the first and second notch elements 36 twice in the cutting plane 9 notch.

The points marked with the squares indicate the position of the top corners 37 . 39 when the tool head 20 a maximum value of the vertical runout of the tool head typically caused for manufacturing and assembly tolerances 20 taken into account, and the tool head 20 in a position rotated by 180 ° from the position marked with the diamonds. In this position rotated by 180 °, in particular the position of the first cutting element has changed 32 or first notch element 36 , apart from the pitch, with the location of the second cutting elements 32 or notch elements 36 reversed. As in 3 can be seen is the original inclination of the axis of rotation 12 regarding the vertical 7 on the cutting plane 9 chosen in such a way that even at the maximum assembly or manufacturing tolerances, the top corners are arranged 37 of the cutting segments 34 the cutting elements 32 results, with the leading upper corner 37 still creates an actual cutting plane that is above the position of the trailing top corner 37 lies. It should be noted that the change between the 0 ° position and the 180 ° position is not a change in the angle α, but only the change in height due to the wobbling movement of the tool head 20 around the wave 10 due to the tool head not being attached at right angles 20 on the shaft 10 is caused.

In this case, the leading upper corner results 39 the notch elements 36 with 320 μm a lower roughness level than with the trailing upper corner 36 of about 200 μm. So here is the trimmed side edge 3 the sheet-shaped substrates 1 Notched twice with different roughening depths. The greater roughening depth of the leading notch element 36 in the 180 ° position with respect to the roughening depth of the leading notch element 36 in the 0 ° position, results from geometrical considerations.

Regardless of the height of the tool head 20 can be changed by changing the angle α (cf. 4 ), as shown in the example described above, influence the depth of roughening and whether leading notch elements 36 and lagging notch elements 36 to roughen the side edges 3 the sheet-shaped substrates 1 should lead, or whether only the leading upper corner 39 the notch elements 36 to a notch in the side edge 3 should lead. In any case, it can be guaranteed that the trailing cutting edge lies below the leading cutting edge, so that it is never already open rough side edges 3 through the trailing cutting elements 32 can be removed.

In 4 is again the basic operating principle of the device according to the invention 100 shown. A stack of sheet-like substrates 1 with a common side edge 3 is along one with the reference number 5 marked direction of movement on a tool head 20 zutransportiert. For this, the stack of sheet-shaped printing materials 1 through pliers 50 prevented from fanning out. The forceps 50 also helps to prevent the sheet-shaped substrates from slipping due to the shear forces that occur 1 arises in the stack. The tool head 20 with cutting elements 32 and notch elements 36 is in the direction of movement of the sheet-shaped substrates 1 , The tool head 20 rotates around an axis of rotation 12 , with the axis of rotation 12 an angle α to the vertical 7 on the cutting plane 9 forms. cutting elements 32 come in the cutting plane 9 with the side edge 3 the sheet-shaped substrates 1 in contact and mill the sheet-shaped substrates 1 to the cutting level 9 from. The top corners 39 the notch elements 36 are like that on the tool head 20 arranged so that at least the leading corners 39 the notch elements 36 across the cutting plane 9 protrude, and thereby the processing side of the stack of sheet-like substrates 1 roughened to a desired degree.

The device according to the invention 100 finds particular use in small glue binders or other devices for the preparation of side edges of sheet-like substrates 1 before side edge gluing, but can in principle also be used for processing other surfaces.

1

sheet-shaped printing material

3

side edge of the leaf-shaped printed material

5

movement direction of the leaf-shaped printed material

7

vertical on the cutting plane of the leaf-shaped printed material

9

cutting plane

10

wave

12

axis of rotation

14

movement direction of the tool head

20

tool head

21

tool carrier

30

cutting ring

32

cutting element

34

cutting segment

36 36 '

notch element

37

upper Corner of the cutting segment

39

upper Corner of the notch segment

40

notched ring

50

tongs

60

washer

100

device according to the invention

α

angle between the vertical on the cutting plane and the axis of rotation

Claims (10)

Device for processing along a direction of movement ( 5 ) moving side edges ( 3 ) of sheet-shaped printing materials arranged in a stack ( 1 ) in a cutting plane ( 9 ), with a rotation-driven tool head ( 20 ) with a fixed axis of rotation ( 12 ), where on the tool head ( 20 ) essentially circular notch elements ( 36 ) for roughening the side edges ( 3 ) of sheet-shaped substrates ( 1 ) are arranged, and around the essentially circularly arranged notch elements ( 36 ) Cutting elements ( 32 ) are arranged for the edge trimming of sheet-shaped printing materials, characterized in that the axis of rotation ( 12 ) relative to the vertical ( 7 ) on the cutting plane ( 9 ) forms an acute angle α, so that the cutting elements ( 32 ) only on one side of the tool head ( 20 ) in contact with the side edges ( 3 ) of sheet-shaped substrates ( 1 ) reach. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle α is set such that the notch elements ( 36 ) twice in the cutting plane ( 9 ) of sheet-shaped substrates ( 1 ) immerse the cutting elements ( 32 ) only once. Device according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the roughening depth of the notch elements ( 36 ) is continuously adjustable. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the notch elements ( 36 ) on a notch ring ( 40 ) are arranged and the cutting elements ( 32 ) on a cutting ring ( 30 ) are arranged, the notch ring ( 40 ) and the cutting ring ( 30 ) on the tool head ( 20 ) are releasably attached. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that on the sheet-shaped printing materials ( 1 ) opposite side of the notch ring ( 40 ) at least one notch element ( 36 ' ) is attached Device according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that an adjustment of the roughening depth by placing the notch ring ( 40 ) he follows. Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the cutting elements ( 32 ) on the cutting ring ( 30 ) are soldered on. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the angle α is adjustable is, in particular to the material properties of the sheet-shaped printing materials can be customized. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that on the tool head ( 20 ) a cleaning brush is integrated. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rotation of the tool head ( 20 ) a negative pressure is specifically created, which sucks off the dust and paper particles created during processing.