DE102022115264A1 - Device for loading and positioning prefabricated roof elements - Google Patents

Abstract

A device (10) for loading and positioning prefabricated roof surface elements (12) has two longitudinal beams (18, 20, 36), along which several batten grippers (42) are arranged, which can be moved along the longitudinal beams (18, 20, 36). can be fixed in different positions along the longitudinal beams (18, 20, 36). Furthermore, the device (10) has two cross members (22, 24), via which the longitudinal members (18, 20, 36) are connected to one another, with at least one of the cross members (22, 24) being at a distance (A) from the ends of the Longitudinal beam (18, 20, 36) is arranged.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the invention

The invention relates to a device for loading and positioning prefabricated roof elements.

2. Description of the prior art

For several years now, the requirements for the execution of various trades in the area of house and building construction have been increasing. At the same time, the construction industry is struggling with a shortage of skilled workers and rapidly rising costs. Therefore, it is gradually becoming clear that the prefabrication of components has great potential for increasing quality while simultaneously reducing costs. In addition, prefabrication allows work planning to be carried out independently of the construction progress of a construction site.

That's how it is from the DE 197 03 560 C2 The applicant is aware of a system with which carpentry shops are able to prefabricate roof surface elements of a roof structure in their own production halls. Essentially, rafters are locked in a device according to a roof truss plan and provided with crossbars. Insulating layers or other construction elements can also be attached, resulting in one or more prefabricated roof elements.

These prefabricated roof elements are then placed on the building using a crane on site and connected to form a complete roof. The prince purlin and the middle purlins as well as the chair thresholds are often placed as continuous beams on existing supporting elements, such as the masonry, as a supporting structure. The prefabricated roof surface elements are then placed on this support structure using a crane and then fixed, for example by nailing and/or screwing. Ideally, with a small roof, a single roof surface element could be sufficient for each side of the roof structure.

In this way, a roof structure can be built on site in a very short time and the roofer can immediately start covering the roof with tiles, for example.

In principle, it is possible to attach the prefabricated roof elements directly to a crane hook of the crane using support straps. However, this has various disadvantages. For example, the straps must be threaded by hand onto the crossbars or other places on the prefabricated roof surface element. This requires effort and, if carried out improperly, can lead to damage to the roof surface element. Positioning the roof surface element on the support structure is also difficult when the roof surface element is suspended in this way.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a device for loading and positioning prefabricated roof surface elements, which securely supports the prefabricated roof surface element.

1. a) zwei Längsträgern, entlang welcher jeweils mehrere Lattungsgreifer angeordnet sind, die entlang der Längsträger verschiebbar und in unterschiedlichen Positionen entlang der Längsträger fixierbar sind,
2. b) zwei Querträgern, über welche die Längsträger miteinander verbunden sind, wobei
3. c) zumindest einer der Querträger unter einem Abstand zu den Enden der Längsträger angeordnet ist.

This is achieved according to the invention by a device for loading and positioning prefabricated roof elements

1. a) two longitudinal beams, along which several batten grippers are arranged, which can be moved along the longitudinal beams and fixed in different positions along the longitudinal beams,
2. b) two cross members, via which the longitudinal members are connected to one another, where
3. c) at least one of the cross members is arranged at a distance from the ends of the longitudinal members.

The inventors have recognized that a prefabricated roof surface element usually has a cross batten on one side (often also called roof battens), which runs transversely with respect to the rafters of a roof surface element and on which the roof tiles are usually mounted. This cross batten has a different batten grid depending on the roof construction and the type of tile that is to be attached to the cross batten, so that a device for loading and positioning prefabricated roof elements should take the different batten grids into account.

The inventors have therefore further recognized that the prefabricated roof element can be hung on a device for loading and positioning using movable batten grippers, which are designed to work together with the cross battens of the prefabricated roof surface element, in particular to reach behind them.

Such a device can be used, for example, to move the roof element prefabricated in the halls of a carpentry workshop over the Grab the crossbars and load them onto a truck. The same device can then be used on site at the construction site to unload the prefabricated roof elements from the truck and to position the prefabricated roof element using the crane suspended from the device.

The inventors have also recognized that a construction with a simple frame made of longitudinal beams and cross beams does not have sufficient stability to support larger roof elements. It has been shown that by moving at least one of the two cross members from the end of the longitudinal members into the interior of the structure, greater stability along the longitudinal members could be achieved. The load distribution across the batten grippers is improved by the indented cross member. In particular, CE certification can also be achieved for larger load-bearing profiles.

It is preferably provided that both cross members are arranged at a distance from the respective ends of the longitudinal members.

Compared to a device in which only one of the two cross members is spaced from the ends of the longitudinal members, this measure further improves the bending strength of the device.

It is preferably provided that the two longitudinal beams have a length between approximately 200 cm and 400 cm, preferably between 260 cm and 350 cm, in particular between 290 and 320 cm.

Longitudinal beams with a length in these ranges have proven to be a good compromise with regard to the transportability of the prefabricated roof elements and the maximum possible rafter length of the roof elements.

It is preferably provided that the distance between the cross members and the ends of the longitudinal members is between 45 cm and 60 cm, preferably between 47 cm and 55 cm.

Since the crossbars of the prefabricated roof elements can, as already explained, comprise different batten grids, and the movable batten grippers, which are arranged on the longitudinal beams in order to grip the crossbars, must not collide with the crossbeams, the crossbeam must be placed in the specified distance ranges particularly advantageous. This means there is still complete freedom with regard to the usual batten grids. The batten grid (also called the batten width) typically depends on the roof tiles used, with the device according to the invention covering the most important standard batten widths in the range of approximately 31 cm to 43.5 cm. The movable batten grippers can therefore be adjusted to the required batten grid without the batten grippers colliding with the cross beams.

It is preferably provided that a central longitudinal beam is arranged between the two longitudinal beams, which is displaceable along the cross beams and can be fixed in different positions along one of the two cross beams.

Since the prefabricated roof elements can also have different distances between the rafters, a transversely movable central longitudinal beam allows various prefabricated roof elements to be gripped. This is because the batten grippers can typically only grip behind the cross battens of a prefabricated roof surface element in areas between the rafters or a counter batten of the roof surface element that runs in the longitudinal direction.

For this purpose, a clamping device can be provided at the intersection points between the central longitudinal member and the two cross members. This can be provided at both intersections or only at one intersection. Furthermore, the clamping device can exert a clamping force via a screw or a lever. Since the central longitudinal beam fixes itself under load, the clamping device can also be dispensed with.

It is preferably provided that a fixed batten gripper is arranged on at least one of the longitudinal beams and/or the central longitudinal beam, which is immovably fixed along the longitudinal beams or the central longitudinal beam.

The inventors have recognized that it is particularly advantageous to arrange a fixed gripping element on the longitudinal beams. From this fixed batten gripper, the batten grid determines the distances between the other movable batten grippers. The other gripping elements can thus be moved in accordance with the batten grid with respect to this fixed gripping element and then fixed.

Particularly in connection with the spacing of one or both cross beams from the ends of the longitudinal beams, it is advantageous to place the fixed batten gripper along the longitudinal beams between the cross beams and/or to arrange it at least at a distance of at least 80 cm from the ends of the longitudinal beams. The batten grid or the distances of the movable batten grippers can vary on both sides of the fixed batten gripper. This makes it easier to create free space for placing the cross beams in the construction without them colliding with the movable batten grippers.

If, on the other hand, the fixed batten gripper were arranged at the end of the longitudinal beams, the freedom of movement of the movable batten grippers required for the usual batten grids always covers at least one area in which a cross beam would have to be arranged.

The fixed batten gripper can in particular be welded to the longitudinal beam or the central longitudinal beam.

It is preferably provided that the batten grippers protrude on one side of the longitudinal beams and the cross beams are arranged on the side of the longitudinal beams opposite the batten grippers.

The cross member is therefore facing away from the prefabricated roof surface element, in particular from its cross battens, in relation to the longitudinal members. In this way, the cross member can be dimensioned sufficiently large without the cross member colliding with the cross battens of the prefabricated roof surface element. In particular, the cross member can be designed as a hollow profile carrier. For example, a 50 cm by 50 cm rectangle hollow profile, e.g. made of steel, especially stainless steel, can be used.

It is preferably provided that at least one batten gripper, preferably all of the displaceable batten grippers, has a gripping hook and a counter plate, and the gripping hook is connected to the counter plate via a locking means in order to clamp the displaceable batten gripper on the longitudinal beam in a definable position. The gripping hook is for this purpose set up to work together with the crossbars of the prefabricated roof surface element.

The displaceable batten grippers, which can be positioned flexibly along the longitudinal beams, can therefore, on the one hand, include gripping hooks, which grip behind the cross battens of the prefabricated roof surface element, and are arranged on the side of the longitudinal beams facing the roof surface element. On the other hand, a counter plate runs on the side of the longitudinal beams facing away from the roof surface element, which clamps the longitudinal beam between the gripping hook and itself using a locking means such as a screw or an eccentric lever. Since the counter plates of the movable batten grippers in the area of the two cross beams could collide with them, the arrangement of the cross beams as explained above is of particular importance, since all the necessary distances between the movable batten grippers can be achieved in accordance with the usual batten grid.

Preferably, the device can have a safety latch which is designed to secure an inserted cross batten against slipping out of the batten gripper.

If the roof surface element is already positioned on the roof together with the device according to the invention or if the roof surface element rests on the truck, it is necessary that the device does not detach itself from the roof surface element due to its own weight. The safety latch prevents this because a crossbar, which is preferably inserted on the fixed batten gripper, can no longer be freed without releasing the safety latch.

Preferably, at least three, preferably four, crane attachment points can be provided on the device.

The crane attachment points, for example in the form of retaining eyes, are designed to attach at least three retaining ropes and/or chains of a crane to them. For this purpose, the crane attachment points can be arranged at least in a triangle (that is not to say on a line), so that the roof surface element can be positioned by changing the length of the retaining ropes and/or chains.

Preferably, at least one side protection fastening element, in particular a snap hook, can be provided on the device.

For reasons of fall protection, it may make sense to attach side protection to the roof truss, to roof elements that have already been attached or to other elements of the building at the beginning or before the start of fastening work on the roof surface element to a roof truss. The side protection can include railing elements, for example.

For this purpose, one or more side protection fastening elements can be attached to the loading and positioning device. In this way, the device can also serve as fall protection. In some cases, this means that there is no need for scaffolding.

The device can also be used as a means of transport for side protection that is no longer needed. So can on the sides protection fastening elements, side protection that is no longer required can be attached, for example with the help of (disposable) strap slings, and transported back to the truck together with the device. For this purpose, snap hooks welded to the sides of the longitudinal beams can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

• 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Vorrichtung zum Verladen und Positionieren eines vorgefertigten Dachflächenelements;
• 2 zeigt in einer Seitenansicht mehrere Konfigurationen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung für verschiedene Lattungsraster.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Show in these:

• 1 shows a perspective view of a device for loading and positioning a prefabricated roof surface element;
• 2 shows a side view of several configurations of the device according to the invention for different batten grids.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

1 shows a loading and positioning device, provided overall with the reference number 10, with which a prefabricated roof surface element 12, shown here only sketchily and in dashed lines, can be loaded and positioned.

The prefabricated roof surface element 12 typically has several rafters 14 defining a longitudinal direction L. The rafters 14 are connected with the help of crossbars 16, which are arranged in a predetermined grid dimension RL along the rafters 14 and are nailed and / or screwed onto them. The prefabricated roof surface element 12 thus results as a coherent unit.

Further components of the prefabricated roof surface element 12, such as insulation layers, vapor barriers and/or panel substructures, are not important for the present invention and are not shown here, but they can also be present on a prefabricated roof element 12.

A roof surface element will often also have a counter batten running in the longitudinal direction L behind the cross battens 16, which ensures rear ventilation of the roof tiles. However, this is of minor importance for understanding the present invention, since the counter battens with respect to the device according to the invention are comparable to the rafters 14 shown here.

The loading and positioning device 10 has two longitudinal beams 18 and 20, which are connected to one another via two cross beams 22 and 24. In the present exemplary embodiment, all components are made of steel. But other materials are also conceivable.

The longitudinal beams 18, 20 are essentially constructed from two U-profiles 26 and 28 placed against each other with their rear walls. The U-profiles 26, 28 are slightly spaced apart, so that a gap 30 remains between the two U-profiles 26, 28. To fix this construction, cover plates 32 are welded to the front ends of the longitudinal beams 18, 20.

When the loading and positioning device 10 is connected to the prefabricated roof surface element 12, the longitudinal beams 18, 20 run approximately parallel to the rafters 14 of the roof surface element 12.

The two cross beams 22, 24 are designed here as rectangular hollow profile beams, which are fastened, in particular welded, to the longitudinal beams 18, 20 at their ends. The two cross members 22, 24 rest on the longitudinal members (in 1 from above).

The positioning of the two cross members 22, 24 along the longitudinal members 18, 20 is crucial here. This is because they are spaced at a distance A in the longitudinal direction from the respective ends of the longitudinal beams 18, 20. The distance A is, for example, approximately 50 cm. It can be identical on both sides, but can also be different.

Retaining eyes 34 are also attached to the cross beams 22, 24 as crane attachment points, with which the loading and positioning device 10 can be attached to crane hooks of a crane, not shown.

Between the two longitudinal beams 18, 20, another longitudinal beam, referred to as the central longitudinal beam 36, is arranged. The central longitudinal beam 36 is displaceable along the cross beams 22, 24 and can be fixed in different positions via a clamping device 38.

Fixed batten grippers 40 and movable batten grippers 42 are arranged along the longitudinal beams 18, 20, 36.

The fixed batten grippers 40 are arranged on the longitudinal beams 18, 20 in the area between the cross beams 22, 24. In particular, the fixed batten grippers 40 are arranged at approximately 1/3 of the length of the longitudinal beams 18, 20.

The fixed batten grippers 40 define a kind of zero point for the arrangement of the ver Slidable batten gripper 42, since these must be placed adapted to the grid dimension RL of the cross battens 16 of the prefabricated roof surface element 12.

The movable batten grippers 42 have a gripping hook 44 with which the cross battens 16 are gripped behind. Furthermore, the displaceable batten grippers 42 have a counter plate 46 which rests on the opposite side of the longitudinal beam 18, 20 with respect to the gripping hook 44. The gripping hook 44 and the counter plate 46 are connected to one another via a screw 48, which passes through the gap 30 between the two U-profiles 26, 28 of the longitudinal beam 18, 20. By tightening the screw 48 and , the movable batten grippers 42 can be fixed at any position along the longitudinal beam 18, 20 and the central longitudinal beam 36. The screw 48 thus serves as a simple locking means.

Furthermore, the loading and positioning device 10 has a securing pin 60 as a securing element, which is arranged here on the fixed batten gripper 42 of the central longitudinal beam 36. With the crossbar inserted, the securing pin 60 can finally have four carabiner hooks (not shown here) as side protection fastening elements.

• Zunächst werden die verschiebbaren Lattungsgreifer 42 und der Mittellängsträger 18, 20 so eingestellt und fixiert, dass deren Abstände zum Rastermaß RL der Querlatten 16 respektive den Abständen der Sparren 14 eines vorgefertigten Dachflächenelements 12, das verladen oder positioniert werden soll, kompatibel sind.

The loading and positioning device 10 can be used, for example, as follows:

• First, the displaceable batten grippers 42 and the central longitudinal beams 18, 20 are adjusted and fixed so that their distances are compatible with the grid dimension RL of the crossbars 16 or the distances between the rafters 14 of a prefabricated roof surface element 12 that is to be loaded or positioned.

In 2 Different position configurations of the movable batten grippers 40, 42 are shown for different batten grids. The dimensions given on the right correspond to the standard batten widths for various roof tile coverings.

Out of 2 It can also be seen that the positioning of the cross members 22, 24 and the fixed batten grippers 40 are of particular importance in order to be able to use the loading and positioning device 10 for the most important standard batten widths.

The loading and positioning device 10 is then attached to the roof surface element 12 in such a way that the batten grippers 40, 42 grip behind the cross battens 16. The loading and positioning device 10 is hung on a crane together with the roof surface element 12 via the retaining eyes 34. This can then easily load the roof surface element 12 or position it on a roof truss.

Before the loading and positioning device 10 is transported back from the roof to a truck, side protection that is no longer required can be attached to the carabiner hook using strap loops. As a result, the loading and positioning device 10 also serves as a means of transport for the side protection.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19703560 C2 [0003]

Claims (10)

Device (10) for loading and positioning prefabricated roof surface elements (12), with a) two longitudinal beams (18, 20, 36), along which several batten grippers (42) are arranged, which are arranged along the longitudinal beams (18, 20, 36). can be moved and fixed in different positions along the longitudinal beams (18, 20, 36), b) two cross beams (22, 24), via which the longitudinal beams (18, 20, 36) are connected to one another, characterized in that c) at least one of the cross members (22, 24) is arranged at a distance (A) from the ends of the longitudinal members (18, 20, 36). Device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that both cross members (22, 24) are arranged at a distance (A) from the respective ends of the longitudinal members (18, 20, 36). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two longitudinal supports (18, 20, 36) have a length between approximately 200 cm and 400 cm, preferably between 260 cm and 350 cm, in particular between 290 cm and 320 cm. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (A) of the cross members (22, 24) from the ends of the longitudinal members (18, 20, 36) is between 45 cm and 60 cm, preferably between 47 cm and 55 cm . Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a central longitudinal beam (36) is arranged between the two longitudinal beams (18, 20), which is displaceable along the cross beams (22, 24) and in different positions along one of the two cross beams (22 , 24) can be fixed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fixed batten gripper (40) is arranged on at least one of the longitudinal beams (18, 20) and/or the central longitudinal beam (36), which extends along the longitudinal beams (18, 20) or the Central longitudinal beam (36) is immovably fixed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the batten grippers (40, 42) protrude on one side of the longitudinal beams (18, 20) and the cross beams (22, 24) on the side of the longitudinal beams opposite the batten grippers (40, 42). (18, 20) are arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one batten gripper (42) of the displaceable batten grippers (42) has a gripping hook (44) and a counter plate (46), and the gripping hook (44) has a locking means (48). the counter plate (46) is connected in order to clamp the displaceable batten gripper (42) on the longitudinal beam (18, 20, 36) in a definable position. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least three, preferably four, crane attachment points (34) are provided. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one side protection fastening element, in particular a snap hook, is provided.

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