DE102022105087A1 - Lifting unit with a telescopic extension arm and a clamping device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lifting unit (7) with a telescopic cantilever arm (82) comprising a plurality of cantilever arm parts (83 to 87), a first line (68) and a second line (69) or an auxiliary rope (70), each of which extends from the lowest or last of the boom arm parts (87) extend to the top or first of the boom arm parts (83). Furthermore, a tensioning device (71) is provided with a first and second tensioning roller (71, 73), which are freely and automatically adjustable on a longitudinal guide arrangement (74) when at least some of the cantilever arm parts (83 to 87) are adjusted relative to one another. The first line (68) is deflected in a first direction on the first tension roller (72). The second line (69) or the auxiliary rope (70) is deflected in its line path on the second tension roller (73) in a direction away from the first direction. The invention also relates to an emergency or rescue vehicle (1) equipped with a lifting unit (7) designed in this way.

Description

The invention relates to a lifting unit with a telescopic extension arm, in particular for an emergency or rescue vehicle, and an emergency or emergency vehicle equipped with a lifting unit of this type.

From the AT 513 612 A4 the same applicant has disclosed a generically designed, extendable set of ladders, in particular a fire brigade ladder, and a vehicle equipped therewith. The ladder set is formed from at least two ladder parts, which are each formed from stiles and rungs running between the stiles, with the uppermost ladder part being formed from at least two ladder sections which are connected to one another by an articulated connection. A joint axis forming the articulated connection runs essentially parallel to the rungs. In the position of the uppermost ladder part in which it is completely retracted into the further ladder part lying underneath, the first ladder section and the second ladder section overlap with the further ladder part lying directly underneath. In order to make it easier to climb from the first ladder section to the second ladder section and to make the guidance of the uppermost ladder section more reliable, the bars of the first ladder section extend beyond the hinge axis and at least partially overlap with the second ladder section. The top ladder section is guided on or on guide elements that are mounted in the further ladder section below. In the position of the uppermost ladder part, in which it is completely retracted into the further ladder part underneath, the sections of the rails of the first ladder section, which are extended beyond the hinge axis, lie against or on the guide elements. Furthermore, at least the additional ladder section directly below the uppermost ladder section can have a free space that is open in the head area of the additional ladder section between the stiles towards the tip of the ladder section and continuous between the front and rear of the additional ladder section. Thus, in a position in which the hinge axis overlaps with the further ladder part lying directly below the uppermost ladder part, the second ladder section can be tilted through the free space about the hinge axis.

From the EP1 892 017 A2 another telescopically trained ladder for a fire truck has become known. The top last ladder section is pivotable about a joint arrangement. Furthermore, an extension and bending device for the supply pipe of the fire engine is provided, which has a telescopic metal pipe mounted on the ladder. At its end portion is a ball joint type flexure corresponding to the position of the incline of the ladder and providing a fire water path within the flexure to allow water to flow therethrough in the desired direction.

The EP 2 182 164 A1 discloses another telescoping rescue vehicle ladder set having a plurality of telescoping ladder sections, comprising a vehicle-mounted base section, an uppermost end section, and a number of connecting sections located therebetween. The uppermost end part has two conductor sections which are connected to each other by a hinged connection. In the position of the uppermost end part fully retracted into the underlying connection part, the first ladder section and the second ladder section overlap with the further connection part immediately below. The ladder set also includes a rope for extending the ladder sections, a pulling device mounted in the area of the base section for extending the rope, and a pulley arrangement for guiding the rope by means of pairs of pulleys mounted on the connecting parts. For the controlled extension movement of the individual ladder parts relative to one another, a sliding guide is also provided, which has a braking device. The slideway includes a first slide rail mounted on the first ladder section, a second slide rail mounted on the third ladder section, and a slide block. The slide block is guided on the one hand in the first slide rail and on the other hand to slide along the second slide rail and also in a vertical guide. The vertical guide is in turn connected to the second ladder section.

The EP 1 726 773 B1 also describes a turntable ladder for a rescue vehicle with a plurality of telescopically extendable ladder elements. At the last or uppermost of the ladder elements, an arm is articulated, which is also designed as a ladder element and is rotatably mounted about a horizontal pivot. The articulated arm is in turn telescopically extendable and consists of a base section pivotally mounted at the end of the last ladder member and an end section telescopically slidable with respect thereto. Each of the sections has lower elements and upper elements, with the lower elements being bridged by rungs. The upper elements serve as railings, which are connected like a lattice frame and which together form a U-shaped cross-section. In the fully retracted position of the ladder parts, the arm articulated on the uppermost ladder element protrudes over the closed Lei terteile and is in turn located above the driver's cab.

The DE 94 16 367 U1 discloses a turntable ladder for rescue vehicles with a multi-part ladder set made up of a number of telescopically extendable ladder parts, each with a lower chord and an upper chord serving as a railing, with rungs extending in the transverse direction between spars of the lower chord. The uppermost part of the ladder is divided in two and comprises an inner part, which has approximately the same length as the ladder part immediately below, and an outer part, which is articulated to the inner part by an articulated connection with a horizontal axis of articulation. The inner part is extended with the additional outer part. The articulation axis lies outside of the further ladder section lying directly below the uppermost ladder section, ie the articulation axis does not overlap with the ladder section immediately below. In its basic position, the outer part protrudes forwards above the driver's cab and forms an extension of the ladder set, which can be swiveled over the hinge axis. A working cage is fastened to the end of the outer part facing away from the hinge axis, ie to the tip of the ladder. The workman basket can be lowered to the ground by swivelling, which enables rescue teams to get in and out directly.

Such ladders or sets of ladders are also called articulated ladders due to the articulated connection in the area of the uppermost ladder part with its ladder sections and the outer ladder section forming the ladder head is also referred to as an articulated arm.

The object of the present invention was to create a lifting unit with a telescopic extension arm and an emergency or rescue vehicle equipped with it, in which safe cable routing for the supply of a wide variety of operating resources, operating materials and/or control signals from the base of the extension arm along the relatively adjustable Cantilever arm parts to the cantilever arm head of the topmost or first of the cantilever arm parts is possible without damaging the lines or a line and the auxiliary cable during relative adjustment movements of individual cantilever arm parts.

This object is achieved by a lifting unit comprising a telescopic extension arm with at least one tensioning device for a first line and at least a second line or an auxiliary cable and an emergency or rescue vehicle equipped with such a lifting unit.

• - mehrere Auslegerarmteile, welche Auslegerarmteile jeweils einen Auslegerarmfuß sowie jeweils einen davon beabstandeten Auslegerarmkopf definieren, wobei die Auslegerarmteile relativ zueinander von einer vollkommen eingefahrenen Ausgangsposition maximal bis zu einer vollkommen ausgefahrenen Betriebsstellung und vice versa relativ zueinander in Richtung von deren Auslegerarm-Längserstreckung verstellbar sind,
• - eine erste Leitung, welche erste Leitung ausgehend vom untersten oder letzten der Auslegerarmteile bevorzugt durchgängig hin zum obersten oder ersten der Auslegerarmteile erstreckend angeordnet oder ausgebildet ist, wobei die erste Leitung mit ihrem unteren oder ersten Leitungsabschnitt am untersten oder letzten der Auslegerarmteile ortsfest positioniert gehalten ist, und und ein zweiter oder oberer Leitungsabschnitt der ersten Leitung am obersten oder ersten der Auslegerarmteile ortsfest positioniert gehalten ist,
• - zumindest eine zweite Leitung oder ein Hilfsseil, welche zweite Leitung oder welches Hilfsseil ausgehend vom untersten oder letzten der Auslegerarmteile bevorzugt durchgängig hin zum obersten oder ersten der Auslegerarmteile erstreckend angeordnet oder ausgebildet ist, wobei die zweite Leitung mit ihrem unteren oder ersten Leitungsabschnitt oder das Hilfsseil mit seinem unteren oder ersten Leitungsabschnitt am untersten oder letzten Auslegerarmteil ortsfest positioniert gehalten ist, und ein zweiter oder oberer Leitungsabschnitt der zweiten Leitung oder des Hilfsseils am obersten oder ersten der Auslegerarmteile ortsfest positioniert gehalten ist, wobei weiters noch vorgesehen ist
• - dass eine erste Spannvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, welche erste Spannvorrichtung eine erste Spannrolle, eine zweite Spannrolle, einen die beiden Spannrollen frei drehbar lagernden Spannrahmen und eine Längsführungsanordnung umfasst, mittels welcher Längsführungsanordnung die beiden Spannrollen in Richtung der Auslegerarm-Längserstreckung frei verstellbar geführt sind,
• - dass die erste Spannvorrichtung an einem der Auslegerarmteile angeordnet ist,
• - dass die erste Leitung in ihrem Leitungsverlauf hin zum obersten oder ersten der Auslegerarmteile an der ersten Spannrolle der ersten Spannvorrichtung in einer ersten Richtung umgelenkt ist,
• - dass die zweite Leitung in ihrem Leitungsverlauf oder das Hilfsseil in seinem Leitungsverlauf hin zum obersten oder ersten der Auslegerarmteile an der zweiten Spannrolle der ersten Spannvorrichtung in eine bezüglich der ersten Richtung davon abgewendete Richtung umgelenkt ist, und
• - dass die erste Spannvorrichtung mit deren beiden Spannrollen dazu ausgebildet ist, bei einer relativen Verstellung von zumindest einzelnen der Auslegerarmteile zueinander mittels der an der ersten Spannrolle umgelenkten ersten Leitung und mittels der an der zweiten Spannrolle umgelenkten zweiten Leitung oder des Hilfsseils selbsttätig entlang der Längsführungsanordnung verstellt zu werden.

The lifting unit designed according to the invention is equipped, among other things, with a telescopic extension arm and is intended in particular for an emergency or rescue vehicle, such as in the fire service. The lifting unit with its telescopic extension arm includes

• - a plurality of boom arm parts, which boom arm parts each define a boom arm foot and a boom arm head spaced therefrom, the boom arm parts being adjustable relative to one another from a maximum fully retracted initial position to a fully extended operating position and vice versa relative to one another in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the boom arm,
• - a first line, which first line is preferably arranged or formed extending from the lowest or last of the extension arm parts continuously to the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts, the first line being held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or last of the extension arm parts , and and a second or upper duct section of the first duct is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm parts,
• - at least one second line or an auxiliary cable, which second line or which auxiliary cable is preferably arranged or formed extending from the lowest or last of the extension arm parts continuously to the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts, the second cable with its lower or first cable section or the auxiliary cable is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or last extension arm part, and a second or upper line section of the second line or the auxiliary cable is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts, with further provision being made
• - that a first tensioning device is provided, which first tensioning device comprises a first tensioning roller, a second tensioning roller, a tensioning frame which supports the two tensioning rollers in a freely rotatable manner, and a longitudinal guide arrangement, by means of which longitudinal guide arrangement the two tensioning rollers are guided in a freely adjustable manner in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the cantilever arm,
• - that the first clamping device is arranged on one of the extension arm parts,
• - that the first line in its line run towards the top or first of the cantilever arms parts on the first tensioning roller of the first tensioning device is deflected in a first direction,
• - that the second line in its line course or the auxiliary rope in its line course is deflected towards the uppermost or first of the jib arm parts on the second tensioning roller of the first tensioning device in a direction opposite thereto with respect to the first direction, and
• - that the first tensioning device with its two tensioning rollers is designed to be adjusted automatically along the longitudinal guide arrangement when at least some of the extension arm parts are adjusted relative to one another by means of the first line deflected on the first tensioning roller and by means of the second line deflected on the second tensioning roller or the auxiliary cable to become.

The advantage of this line elevation in connection with the first tensioning device for the first line and a second line or the auxiliary cable is that the first and second line sections are held stationary on the lowermost or last of the extension arm parts and also on the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts. The lines are always routed in opposite or opposite directions to one another by means of deflection rollers for the respective line or the auxiliary cable, which are arranged alternately either in the area of the foot of the jib arm or the head of the jib arm. If the first line in the area of the boom arm head is deflected or held in position by one of the boom arm parts, the second line or the auxiliary rope is deflected or held in position in the opposite end region, namely the boom arm foot of the same boom arm part, and vice versa. By positioning both the first line and the second line or the auxiliary cable on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts and this preferably in the same boom arm section, an interaction of the first line with the second line or the auxiliary cable is achieved. On the two interacting tensioning rollers of the tensioning device, the deflection takes place in opposite directions to one another. With a relative displacement of only one of the boom arm parts, usually beginning with the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts, there is a relative displacement of the cooperating tensioning rollers of the tensioning device along the longitudinal guide arrangement and this occurs automatically. Thus, the lines or a line and the auxiliary rope are always guided without collision with the jib arm parts from the bottom or last of the jib arm parts to the top or first of the jib arm parts. In this way, sagging of the lines or a line and the auxiliary cable is avoided for the most part along the boom arm parts.

By providing the first tensioning device with the two tensioning rollers, a deflection of the first line deflected thereon and also the second line or the auxiliary cable is achieved in each case. Due to the respective deflection to opposite sides or directions and the arrangement and freely rotatable bearings on a common clamping frame, an automatic displacement of the two tensioning rollers along the longitudinal guidance arrangement is achieved in cooperation with the longitudinal guidance arrangement when individual parts of the cantilever arm are displaced relative to one another. This means that there is no additional expenditure on equipment for the adjustment process of the tensioning rollers or is required for this.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the first tensioning device is arranged on the lowest or last of the cantilever arm parts. In this way, the respective operator can have good direct visual contact to check that the line routing is flawless.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the first line, after it has been deflected at the first tension roller, is routed to the boom arm head of the next boom arm part arranged immediately downstream and to at least one first deflection roller located there, and the further course of the first line after it has been deflected runs on the first deflection roller up to the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts, in particular in the area of its extension arm foot. Thus, due to the multiple deflection at the respective deflection rollers, sufficient prestressing can always be achieved on the first line, even with a multiple arrangement of cantilever arm parts.

A further possible embodiment has the characteristics that the second line, after it has been deflected, or the auxiliary cable, after it has been deflected, is routed on the second tension pulley to the foot of the boom arm of the next boom arm part arranged immediately downstream and to at least one first deflection pulley located there, and the further course of the cable second line, after it has been deflected at the first deflection roller or the auxiliary cable, after it has been deflected at the first deflection roller, runs up to the uppermost or first of the jib arm parts, in particular in the area of its jib arm foot. In this way, a sufficient pretension can always be applied to the second line or the auxiliary rope with appropriate deflection, and a strong sagging can thus be largely prevented.

A further embodiment provides that a further extension arm part is provided, which further extension arm part is arranged immediately following the next extension arm part immediately following the lowermost or last of the extension arm parts and the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts and the further course of the line of the first line after its deflection on the first deflection roller towards a second deflection roller in the area of the extension arm foot of the further extension arm part and is deflected or deflected at the second deflection roller, and the further course of the line of the second line after its deflection at the first deflection roller or the further course of the line of the auxiliary cable after its deflection on the first deflection roller towards a second deflection roller in the region of the extension arm head of the further extension arm part and is deflected or deflected on the second deflection roller. In this way, the possibility of a variation of several cantilever arm parts that belong together can be created.

Another embodiment is characterized in that an additional further extension arm part is provided, which additional further extension arm part is arranged directly in front of the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts and the further course of the line of the first line after its deflection at the second deflection roller in the area of the extension arm foot extension arm part runs to a third deflection roller in the area of the extension arm head of the additional further extension arm part and is deflected or deflected at the third deflection roller towards the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts, and the further course of the line of the second line after its deflection to the second deflection roller or the further course of the line of Auxiliary rope, after its deflection on the second deflection pulley in the area of the extension arm head of the additional extension arm part, runs to a third deflection pulley in the area of the extension arm foot of the additional additional extension arm part and is deflected or deflected at the third deflection pulley towards the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts. In this way, even with a larger number of boom arm parts, unintentional sagging of the lines or a line and the auxiliary cable can always be avoided.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the first tensioning device is arranged on another of the cantilever arm parts located between the bottom or last cantilever arm part and the top or first cantilever arm part. An even better distributed tensioning effect on the lines or a line and the auxiliary cable can thus be achieved.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if at least one further additional clamping device is arranged on one of the extension arm parts on which no first clamping device is arranged. The multiple arrangement means that an even more uniform tensioning effect can be exerted on the lines or on a line and the auxiliary cable.

Another alternative embodiment is characterized in that the further additional clamping device is designed in the same way as the first clamping device. Due to the identical components, production and spare parts costs can be reduced.

A further possible and optionally alternative embodiment has the features that the longitudinal guide arrangement comprises two guide rails which are arranged opposite one another and are spaced apart from one another and the guide rails are aligned to run in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the cantilever arm. A sufficiently high guiding accuracy can thus be achieved.

A further embodiment provides that the guide rails each have a U-shaped cross section and each define longitudinal channels facing one another, in which longitudinal channels the two tensioning rollers are each partially accommodated and guided in the longitudinal channels in a longitudinally adjustable manner. Due to the direct mounting and arrangement of the two tension rollers that belong together, a high level of guiding accuracy can be achieved with very little space. However, this can also prevent tilting during the longitudinal adjustment of the tensioning rollers in the guide rails.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the clamping frame of the clamping device comprises a first clamping frame element and a second clamping frame element, with the first clamping roller being freely rotatably mounted on the first clamping frame element and the second clamping roller being freely rotatably mounted on the second clamping frame element and the two clamping frame elements being held together are. The provision of the two clamping frame elements held together means that identical parts can be used, which means that savings can be achieved in production and later storage.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the clamping device further comprises at least one clamping element, of which at least one clamping element on the first clamping frame element and on the second clamping frame element against each other and on mutually directed biasing force is applied. On the one hand, a certain pretension can be applied to the two lines or one line and the auxiliary cable. In addition, voltage peaks can also be better compensated in this way, which are then not transmitted directly into the lines or a line and the auxiliary cable.

A further embodiment provides that with a relative maximum first adjustment path of the uppermost or first extension arm part with respect to the further extension arm part arranged directly downstream, a second adjustment distance of the relative displacement of the two tensioning rollers along the longitudinal guide arrangement corresponds to half the value of the first adjustment path of the first or uppermost extension arm part. In this way, the maximum possible adjustment path of the two tensioning rollers can be precisely determined as a function of the maximum possible adjustment path of the uppermost or first extension arm part.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the cantilever arm is designed as a set of ladders, which set of ladders comprises a plurality of ladder parts that can be telescoped relative to one another.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the cantilever arm is designed as a telescopic mast, which telescopic mast comprises a plurality of telescopic mast parts which can be telescoped relative to one another.

• - mehrere Leiterteile, die jeweils aus Leiterholmen und zwischen den Leiterholmen verlaufenden Leitersprossen gebildet sind, und diese jeweils einen Leiterfuß sowie jeweils einen davon beabstandeten Leiterkopf definieren,
• - wobei der oberste Leiterteil ein Leiterelement und einen Schwenkarm umfasst, die mittels einer Schwenkanordnung gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind und eine von der Schwenkanordnung definierte Gelenkachse im Wesentlichen parallel zu den Leitersprossen ausgerichtet ist,
• - wobei sich die Leiterholme des Leiterelements ausgehend von der Gelenkachse um einen Überstand über die Gelenkachse in Richtung auf den Leiterkopf hinaus erstrecken und mit dem Schwenkarm zumindest teilweise überlappen, und wobei im Bereich des Überstands zwischen den Leiterholmen des Leiterelements von diesen in Querrichtung gesehen ein Freiraum definiert ist,
• - wobei in der vollständig in den unmittelbar darunterliegenden Leiterteil eingefahrenen Stellung des obersten Leiterteils das Leiterelement und der zumindest eine Schwenkarm mit dem unmittelbar darunterliegenden Leiterteil einander überdecken, und
• - eine Führungsanordnung, welche Führungsanordnung zumindest an dem unmittelbar darunterliegenden Leiterteil zumindest im Bereich des Leiterkopfs angeordnet ist und der oberste Leiterteil an oder auf der Führungsanordnung geführt ist, wobei weiters noch vorgesehen ist
• - dass die Führungsanordnung in Querrichtung bezüglich der Leiterlängserstreckung gesehen jeweils einander gegenüberliegende erste Führungseinheiten und zweite Führungseinheiten umfasst,
• - dass die ersten Führungseinheiten an einem vom Leiterfuß abgewendeten Leiterteil-Endbereich des unmittelbar darunterliegenden Leiterteils angeordnet sind,
• - dass die zweiten Führungseinheiten in Richtung auf den Leiterfuß von den ersten Führungseinheiten jeweils um einen Abstand beabstandet angeordnet sind, und
• - dass die Abstände zwischen den ersten Führungseinheiten und den zweiten Führungseinheiten maximal jeweils dem Überstand der Leiterholme des Leiterelements über die Gelenkachse entsprechen.

A possible and extendable set of ladders serves in particular as a fire brigade ladder and can be arranged on an emergency or rescue vehicle. The extendable ladder set includes

• - several ladder parts, which are each formed from ladder bars and ladder rungs running between the ladder bars, and these each define a ladder foot and a ladder head spaced therefrom,
• - wherein the uppermost ladder part comprises a ladder element and a swivel arm, which are connected to one another in an articulated manner by means of a swivel arrangement and a joint axis defined by the swivel arrangement is aligned essentially parallel to the rungs of the ladder,
• - wherein the ladder rails of the ladder element, starting from the articulation axis, extend beyond the articulation axis in the direction of the ladder head and at least partially overlap with the swivel arm, and in the area of the overhang between the ladder rails of the ladder element, seen from these in the transverse direction, there is a free space is defined,
• - wherein in the position of the uppermost ladder part in which it is fully retracted into the ladder part directly below, the ladder element and the at least one swivel arm with the ladder part directly below overlap one another, and
• - A guide arrangement, which guide arrangement is arranged at least on the immediately underlying ladder section, at least in the region of the head of the ladder, and the uppermost ladder section is guided on or on the guide arrangement, which is further provided
• - that the guide arrangement, seen in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, comprises first guide units and second guide units lying opposite one another,
• - that the first guide units are arranged on a ladder part end region of the ladder part immediately below, which is averted from the foot of the ladder,
• - that the second guide units are arranged spaced apart from the first guide units by a distance in the direction of the ladder foot, and
• - That the distances between the first guide units and the second guide units correspond at most to the overhang of the ladder rails of the ladder element over the hinge axis.

The advantage achieved in this way is that due to the selected spacing of the first guide units and the second guide units from one another, there is double guidance and/or support of the ladder element on each ladder side after a predetermined adjustment path. Due to the provision of the two guide units and the selected longitudinal offset between the first and second guide units, the ladder element is already guided on the first guide units located on both sides and/or supported against it as soon as the swivel arm located at the front moves from the second guide units to the side facing away from the ladder foot or direction is adjusted away and is no longer guided or supported on it. As soon as the swivel arm or articulated arm is moved away from or leaves the second guide units, the ladder element or the top ladder is already in contact with the first guide units or is guided by them. This creates continuous guidance and/or support, which avoids jerking during the transition to the two guide units, namely the head rollers.

A further embodiment provides that the ladder rails of the swivel arm each in transverse direction tion with respect to the conductor longitudinal extent are arranged within the ladder rails of the ladder element. With a corresponding arrangement of the first guide units, a free space can be created in the head area due to the narrower conductor design. Furthermore, if a recess is provided at least in the head section of the further ladder part located directly below, a relative pivoting of the swivel arm and simultaneous double support of the ladder element can be achieved.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the ladder rails of the swivel arm and the ladder rails of the ladder element in their extended alignment to one another have support surfaces that are aligned level with one another on their sides facing the first guide units and the second guide units. A height offset between the swivel arm and the ladder element can thus be avoided, it being possible for at least the second guide units to guide and/or support both the swivel arm and the ladder element.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the individual conductor parts are designed with conductor lengths that are approximately the same length as one another. In this way, the ladder set can be formed with a longitudinal extension that is almost identical to one another, it also being possible to prevent the person-receiving means from protruding too far or projecting beyond the driver's cab of the emergency or rescue vehicle.

A further possible embodiment has the feature that the ladder length of the swivel arm corresponds to a multiple of the length, in particular at least twice the length, of the overhang of the ladder rails beyond the hinge axis. In this way, in the completely retracted state of the first and uppermost ladder part, it can be supported and/or guided on the second guide units.

A further embodiment provides that the part of the ladder which is immediately underneath has a further free space between the ladder rails following the second guide units and in the direction of the head of the ladder. Thus, after a predetermined extension path of the first ladder part, the swivel arm can be shifted from its aligned alignment with respect to the ladder element into a position swiveled in the direction of the installation surface. The ladder element is in turn guided and/or supported on the two first and second guide units.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the first guide units, seen in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, are arranged spaced apart from one another by a transverse distance, which transverse distance is selected to be greater than an outer width of the swivel arm. In this way, an unhindered and collision-free pivoting of the pivoting arm can already take place when the pivoting arm is also still located between the first guide units.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the second guide units, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder, are arranged lying within the last pair of rungs of the ladder part immediately below. In this way, the swivel arm can be supported on the second guide units during its extension movement until the ladder element is also supported on it.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if, in the position of the uppermost ladder part in which it is completely retracted into the ladder part directly below it, the ladder rails of the swivel arm are each supported in contact with one of the second guide units. In this way, the ladder length of the pivoting arm can be freely selected within certain limits and still adequate guidance of the first ladder part can be achieved.

Another alternative embodiment is characterized in that after a relative adjustment of the first ladder part to the side facing away from the ladder foot and with a stretched alignment of its ladder element and swivel arm to each other, both the ladder rails of the ladder element in the section of its free space and the ladder rails of the swivel arm each one of the second guide units are supported adjacent. In this way, a uniform and overlapping guidance of the first ladder section can be created in the area of the second guidance units.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the first guide units and/or the second guide units are each mounted on the second ladder part such that they can be pivoted about a pivot axis running in a parallel orientation with respect to the rungs of the ladder, and the first guide units and/or the second guide units are each supported by means of an actuating element their end facing the ladder foot are shifted in the direction of the second ladder part. In this way, unwanted collisions and damage to the respective guide units during the extension movement of the first ladder section can be prevented.

Another possible embodiment has the features that the guide arrangement also includes at least one compensating element, preferably two compensating elements, wherein the at least one compensating element or the compensating elements is or are each in the form of a rocker and each have a first guide unit at an end area and a second Guide unit is arranged at the opposite end region of the respective compensating element. An even better and more uniform guidance and/or support of the first ladder part can thus be achieved.

Another possible and possibly alternative embodiment has the feature that the guide arrangement also comprises third guide units and fourth guide units opposite each other, viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder, which third and fourth guide units are arranged on the ladder section directly below and the third and fourth guide units thereto are designed to guide the conductor element of the first ladder part, seen in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, in a parallel position on the further ladder part arranged directly underneath. In this way, in addition to the load transfer, a sufficiently high level of parallel guidance in the transverse direction to the longitudinal extension of the ladder can also be achieved.

A further embodiment provides that the third guide units are arranged or formed directly above the first guide units on the further ladder part. This means that a high level of guiding accuracy can be achieved at the outer end of the conductor.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the fourth guide units are arranged at a distance starting from the third guide units in the direction of the ladder foot and the distance is selected such that when the first ladder part is fully retracted, each of the ladder rails of the ladder element is attached to the in Is guided transversely opposite fourth guide units. In this way, sufficient longitudinal and transverse guidance can already be achieved in the area of the upper ladder section. In the usual operating state and with the first ladder part extended, the ladder element is then guided on both the third and the fourth guide units.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the third guide units and/or the fourth guide units each comprise a base element forming a seesaw, with a pivot axis of the base element having an approximately normal alignment with respect to the transverse extent of the ladder parts with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder. By providing the rocker and the mostly rotatable guide elements located mostly at both ends of the lever, a sufficiently high guiding accuracy and a certain tolerance compensation can be created.

A further possible embodiment has the features that the third guide units and/or the fourth guide units each comprise a pivot path limiting device, by means of which pivot path limiting device the maximum possible pivot path of the base element about its pivot axis can be limited. In this way, unwanted collisions, in particular when making initial contact with the respective guide unit, can be minimized or prevented altogether.

For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

• 1 ein Einsatzfahrzeug mit einer angehobenen Hubeinheit und einem teilweise ausgefahrenen Leiterteil mit einem verschwenkten Schwenkarm, in Seitenansicht;
• 2 den ersten und obersten Leiterteil mit seinem Leiterelement und Schwenkarm, in einer noch voneinander distanzierten Anordnung des Leiterelements und Schwenkarms, in Draufsicht und vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 3 den unmittelbar darunterliegenden weiteren Leiterteil, in Draufsicht und vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 4 den ersten und obersten Leiterteil und den unmittelbar darunterliegenden weiteren Leiterteil in einer vollständig eingefahrenen Stellung zueinander sowie in einer voneinander getrennten Anordnung nebeneinander, in Draufsicht und vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 5 die beiden Leiterteile nach 4, jedoch mit teilweise ausgefahrenem ersten und obersten Leiterteil sowie in einer voneinander getrennten Anordnung der beiden Leiterteile nebeneinander, in Draufsicht und vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 6 die beiden Leiterteile nach den 4 und 5, mit dem noch weiter ausgefahrenen ersten und obersten Leiterteil sowie in einer voneinander getrennten Anordnung der beiden Leiterteile nebeneinander, in Draufsicht und vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 7 eine mögliche Variante der Anordnung der Stützflächen am Schwenkarm sowie am Leiterelement in einer fluchtenden Ausrichtung hintereinander, in Draufsicht und vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 8 ein Detail des Leiterelements in seinem vom Leiterfuß abgewendeten Endbereich mit der Anordnung von möglichen Anlauf-Abschrägungen;
• 9 eine mögliche Variante der schwenkbaren Lagerung der ersten und/oder zweiten Führungseinheiten, in schematisch vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 10 eine weitere mögliche Anordnung der ersten und zweiten Führungseinheiten an einem zusätzlichen Ausgleichselement, in schematisch vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 11 ein mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel der schwenkbaren Lagerung der dritten und/oder vierten Führungseinheiten mit jeweils einer zusätzlichen Schwenkweg-Begrenzungsvorrichtung;
• 12 ein Leitersatz mit seinen Leiterteilen und Seilen als Betätigungsmittel zur Relativverstellung der Leiterteile zueinander, in einer voneinander beabstandeten Anordnung übereinander sowie stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 13 eine Anordnung von Umlenkrollen für die Umlenkung des Auszugseils und des Rückzugseils, in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 14 eine Rollenanordnung der Umlenkrollen nach 13, im Axialschnitt und entfernten Seilen;
• 15 ein zusammenwirkendes Rollenpaar von Umlenkrollen zur Verringerung des Seilabstandes zwischen den umgelenkten Seilsträngen, in vereinfachter schaubildlicher Darstellung;
• 16 ein weiterer als Auslegerarm ausgebildeter Leitersatz mit seinen die Auslegerarmteile definierenden Leiterteilen, einer ersten Leitung und einer zweiten Leitung oder einem Hilfsseil und einer Spannvorrichtung, jedoch ohne Seilen als Betätigungsmittel zur Relativverstellung der die Auslegerarmteile definierenden Leiterteile zueinander, in einer voneinander beabstandeten Anordnung übereinander mit vollkommen eingefahrenen Leiterteilen sowie in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 17 den als Auslegerarm ausgebildeten Leitersatz nach 16, in vollkommen ausgefahrener Stellung des obersten oder ersten Leiterteils, in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 18 den als Auslegerarm ausgebildeten Leitersatz nach den 16 und 17, in vollkommen ausgefahrener Stellung aller Leiterteile zueinander, in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 19 die Spannvorrichtung für den als Auslegerarm ausgebildeten Leitersatz nach den 16 bis 18, mit den zusammengehörigen Spannrollen und der Längsführungsanordnung, in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 20 die zusammengehörigen Spannrollen der Spannvorrichtung nach den 16 bis 19, in schaubildlich vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 21 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des als Auslegerarm ausgebildeten Leitersatzes mit einer Spannvorrichtung, jedoch mit einer bezüglich dem Ausführungsbeispiel in den 16 bis 18 dazu geringeren Anzahl von als Leiterteile ausgebildeten Auslegerarmteilen, in einer voneinander beabstandeten Anordnung der Auslegerarmteile übereinander mit vollkommen eingefahrenen Leiterteilen sowie in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 22 ein weiteres mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel des Auslegerarms mit einer Spannvorrichtung, welcher Auslegerarm als Teleskopmast umfassend mehrere Teleskopmastteile ausgebildet ist, in einer voneinander beabstandeten Anordnung der Auslegerarmteile übereinander mit vollkommen eingefahrenen Teleskopmastteilen sowie in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 23 ein weiteres mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel des Auslegerarms mit einer Anordnung der Spannvorrichtung am vorletzten Auslegerarmteil, in einer voneinander beabstandeten Anordnung der Auslegerarmteile übereinander mit vollkommen eingefahrenen Auslegerarmteilen sowie in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 24 ein weiteres mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel des Auslegerarms mit insgesamt vier Auslegerarmteilen und einer Spannvorrichtung, in einer voneinander beabstandeten Anordnung übereinander mit vollkommen eingefahrenen Auslegerarmteilen sowie in stark vereinfachter Darstellung;
• 25 ein weiteres mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel des Auslegerarms mit insgesamt fünf Auslegerarmteilen und zwei Spannvorrichtungen, in einer voneinander beabstandeten Anordnung der Auslegerarmteile übereinander, mit teilweise ausgefahrenen Auslegerarmteilen sowie in stark vereinfachter Darstellung.

They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

• 1 an emergency vehicle with a raised lifting unit and a partially extended ladder section with a pivoted swivel arm, in side view;
• 2 the first and uppermost ladder part with its ladder element and swivel arm, in a still spaced arrangement of the ladder element and swivel arm, in plan view and simplified representation;
• 3 the further ladder part immediately below, in plan view and simplified representation;
• 4 the first and uppermost ladder section and the further ladder section immediately below in a fully retracted position relative to one another and in a separate arrangement next to one another, in a plan view and simplified representation;
• 5 the two parts of the ladder 4 , but with a partially extended first and uppermost ladder section and in a separate arrangement of the two ladder sections next to one another, in a plan view and simplified representation;
• 6 the two parts of the ladder after the 4 and 5 , with the first and uppermost ladder section extended even further and in a separate arrangement of the two ladder sections next to one another, in a plan view and simplified representation;
• 7 a possible variant of the arrangement of the support surfaces on the swivel arm and on the ladder element in an aligned alignment one behind the other, in plan view and simplified representation;
• 8th a detail of the ladder element in its end region facing away from the ladder foot with the arrangement of possible starting bevels;
• 9 a possible variant of the pivotable mounting of the first and/or second guide units, in a schematically simplified representation;
• 10 another possible arrangement of the first and second guide units on an additional compensation element, in a schematically simplified representation;
• 11 a possible embodiment of the pivotable mounting of the third and/or fourth guide units, each with an additional pivot path limiting device;
• 12 a ladder set with its ladder parts and ropes as actuating means for the relative adjustment of the ladder parts to one another, in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other and in a greatly simplified representation;
• 13 an arrangement of pulleys for the deflection of the pull-out cable and the pull-back cable, in a greatly simplified representation;
• 14 a roller arrangement of the deflection rollers 13 , in axial section and removed ropes;
• 15 a cooperating pair of deflection rollers for reducing the cable spacing between the deflected cable strands, in a simplified diagrammatic representation;
• 16 another ladder set designed as a cantilever arm with its ladder parts defining the cantilever arm parts, a first line and a second line or an auxiliary rope and a tensioning device, but without ropes as actuating means for the relative adjustment of the ladder parts defining the cantilever arm parts to one another, in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other with completely retracted Ladder parts and in a greatly simplified representation;
• 17 the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm 16 , in the fully extended position of the uppermost or first ladder section, in a greatly simplified representation;
• 18 designed as a cantilever ladder set according to 16 and 17 , in the completely extended position of all ladder parts to each other, in a greatly simplified representation;
• 19 the clamping device for the ladder set designed as a cantilever arm according to 16 until 18 , with the associated tension rollers and the longitudinal guide arrangement, in a greatly simplified representation;
• 20 the associated tensioning rollers of the tensioning device according to the 16 until 19 , in a graphically simplified representation;
• 21 Another embodiment of the designed as a cantilever head set with a clamping device, but with a respect to the embodiment in the 16 until 18 in addition, a smaller number of extension arm parts designed as ladder parts, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the extension arm parts one above the other with completely retracted ladder parts and in a greatly simplified representation;
• 22 another possible embodiment of the extension arm with a clamping device, which extension arm is designed as a telescopic mast comprising several telescopic mast parts, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the extension arm parts one above the other with fully retracted telescopic mast parts and in a greatly simplified representation;
• 23 another possible embodiment of the boom with an arrangement of the clamping device on the penultimate boom arm, in a spaced-apart arrangement of the boom arm parts one above the other with boom arm parts fully retracted and in a greatly simplified representation;
• 24 another possible embodiment of the cantilever arm with a total of four cantilever arm parts and a clamping device, in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other with completely retracted cantilever arm parts and in a greatly simplified representation;
• 25 another possible embodiment of the boom arm with a total of five boom arm parts and two clamping devices, in a spaced arrangement of boom arm parts one above the other, with boom arm parts partially extended and in a greatly simplified representation.

As an introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numbers or the same component designations, where the disclosures contained throughout the description can be transferred analogously to the same parts with the same reference numbers or the same component designations. The position information selected in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., is related to the directly described and illustrated figure and these position information are to be transferred to the new position in the event of a change in position.

The term “in particular” is understood below to mean that it can be a possible more specific design or more detailed specification of an object or a method step, but does not necessarily have to represent a mandatory, preferred embodiment of the same or a mandatory procedure.

As used herein, the terms "comprising," "comprises," "having," "includes," "including," "includes," "containing," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

Another term that can also be used is “optional”. This means that this process step or this plant component is basically available, but can be used depending on the conditions of use, but this does not necessarily have to be the case.

The terms deflected or distracted are also used. For this purpose, rollers or disks are usually used in cooperation with the respective rope-like or cable-like object. As soon as there is a deflection or deflection at the roller or disk that deviates from a straight line, the aforementioned terms are used.

In the 1 an emergency or rescue vehicle 1 is shown in a highly simplified manner, which can be used in particular as an aerial rescue vehicle by the fire brigade or other aid and/or rescue organizations.

The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 can also only be used for firefighting, but it can also be used to rescue people or animals, provide technical assistance or catastrophe operations at a wide variety of heights or depths. Such vehicles are also referred to as motor vehicles, the term “motor vehicle” being understood to mean any vehicle which includes at least one drive source for its locomotion. The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 can be used, for example, as a fire engine, fire engine, municipal vehicle or transport vehicle or be designed to do so.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the emergency or rescue vehicle 1 is designed as a truck and can comprise a chassis 2 with at least one pair of front wheels 3 and at least one pair of rear wheels 4 arranged thereon. The emergency or rescue vehicle 1 also includes a vehicle body 5 comprising a driver's cab 6 and its own lifting unit 7, which is preferably arranged on the chassis 2. The vehicle body 5 can include not only the driver's cab 6, but optionally also other structures such as transport boxes or the like.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the lifting unit 7 is formed by a so-called ladder set 8, with the ladder set 8 being able to comprise a plurality of ladder parts 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 which are arranged one inside the other and are given by way of example. Such a trained emergency or rescue vehicle 1 can be referred to as a turntable ladder vehicle, which represents a very common embodiment of the aerial rescue vehicle with its lifting unit 7 . According to a first variant, the extension movement of the individual ladder parts 9 to 12 shown here relative to the lowest ladder part 13 can be selected in such a way that first the uppermost or first ladder part 9 is preferably fully extended and only then the other ladder parts 10 to 12 can be extended simultaneously or simultaneously .be extended synchronously. A further possibility or second variant is that all ladder parts 9 to 12 are extended simultaneously or synchronously. The first variant described for carrying out the extension movement is preferably selected here.

The following description is directed to the ladder set 8 forming the lifting unit 7 . It should be pointed out that the number of ladder parts 9 to 13 was chosen only as an example and the number can be chosen freely. In the following, the uppermost ladder section 9 is referred to as the first ladder section 9 and the ladder sections below it in the direction of the chassis 2 as further ladder sections 10 to 13 . The ladder sections 9 to 13 are longitudinally displaceable along one another in a known manner, with only the first or uppermost ladder section 9 being indicated as a lattice frame or framework in addition to the ladder rails and ladder rungs and the supporting structure located laterally next to the rungs.

Viewed in cross section, each of the ladder parts 9 to 13 preferably forms an approximately U-shaped cross section, with the two lower ladder rails and the ladder rungs being able to form the base of each ladder part 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13. The lateral legs protrude from the base and are mostly designed as a lattice frame or framework with the upper ladder rails and with the base connected. The base with the two lower ladder rails and possibly additional ladder rails and the rungs can also be referred to as the lower chord and the two upper ladder stiles, which are usually connected to the respective lower ladder stile via lattice struts, as the upper chord.

The lateral lattice frame with the upper ladder rails can form part of a railing for each ladder section 9 to 13 . The ladder set 8 defines a ladder foot 14 and a ladder head 15, wherein in the representation of 1 on the uppermost or on the first ladder part 9 at its end facing away from the ladder foot 14 a person receiving means 16 can be arranged or fastened, which can also be referred to as a rescue cage or as a ladder cage.

The ladder set 8 with its ladder parts 9 to 13 can be telescoped, starting from its collapsed and shortened initial position, by means of an extension movement into an operating position that is extended to it. The ladder parts 9 to 13 can be adjusted back into their respective starting position by means of a retraction movement. The compact transport position of the ladder set 8 is indicated above the driver's cab 6 in dashed lines. The approach of the emergency or rescue vehicle 1 from an operations center to the place of action or destination takes place in the compact transport position of the ladder set 8 on the vehicle body 5.

Furthermore, it is also shown that the first ladder part 9 comprises a ladder element 17 and a swivel arm 18 pivotably articulated thereon, as is also to be regarded as already known. A pivot arrangement 19 is provided between the ladder element 17 and the pivot arm 18 in order to be able to pivot the pivot arm 18 from its normal position, which runs in a direction parallel to the ladder element 17, into a position angled thereto. The swivel arm 18 can also be referred to as a so-called basket arm, articulated arm or articulated part. For the sake of clarity, further details and actuators or operating means for carrying out the relative pivoting movement of the swivel arm 18 together with the person receiving means 16 have not been shown.

Furthermore, it is also indicated that the ladder set 8 with its ladder parts 9 to 13 comprises a rotary or pivoting arrangement, by means of which rotary or pivoting arrangement the ladder set 8 can be adjusted accordingly. The rotating or swiveling arrangement can also be referred to as a bogie 20 . The ladder set 8 is pivotably mounted on the bogie 20, the bogie 20 in turn being rotatably mounted with respect to the chassis 2, in particular on this.

A wide variety of drive units with a wide variety of energy sources can be provided to provide drive power for the traction drive and/or other drive units for a wide variety of adjustment movements of various vehicle components, in particular at the place of use.

One possibility is the deployment or use of conventional fuels such as diesel and/or gasoline, each of which is based on petroleum as the feedstock. However, alternative energy sources can also be applied or used. Furthermore, a combined application or a combined use can also be selected. Due to the exhaust gases produced with conventional fuels, their use should be largely or completely dispensed with.

An energy source 21 is indicated in simplified form, which is designed or set up to be able to store electrical energy. For storing and storing electrical energy, the energy source 21 can also be referred to as an electrical energy store or as an electrical energy source 21 .

However, the required energy can also be provided, for example, by means of a fuel cell and/or in the case of longer-lasting operations, as required, and additionally with a so-called range extender 22. The range extender 22 is usually driven by means of an internal combustion engine, in particular by means of diesel or petrol fuel, which drives a generator and this generates or provides the electrical energy. In order to use more environmentally friendly fuels here too, synthetically and/or sustainably produced fuels and/or gases can also be used. This can also involve alternative fuels.

When using a fuel cell, it is a galvanic cell that converts the chemical reaction energy of a continuously supplied fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy. The electrical energy source 21 and the range extender 22 that may be provided and/or the fuel cell can form or represent a part or a component of an energy supply system. Electrical energy source 21, designed as an electrical energy store, is electrically connected to range extender 22 and/or the fuel cell and provides at least for the driving movements to be carried out gene the required or necessary energy available.

Preferably and predominantly, however, at least one traction drive of the emergency or rescue vehicle 1 with at least one electric motor 23 should take place or be carried out by means of electrical energy, with the adjustment movements such as, for example, by the lifting unit 7 and/or the drive of units also being carried out predominantly by means of electrical energy should be. This is indicated with dashed lines. The drive torque can or the respective drive torques can be transmitted directly from the at least one electric motor 23 and/or with the interposition of a gear arrangement to the respective wheels or other drive units.

In the 2 until 6 the uppermost or first ladder part 9 of the ladder set 8 with its ladder element 17, the swivel arm 18 and the swivel assembly 19 and the further ladder part 10 located immediately below are shown in simplified and stylized form in various positions relative to one another. In both 2 and 3 the two conductor parts 9 and 10 are each shown on their own.

In the fully retracted position - see 4 - Of the uppermost or first ladder part 9, the ladder head 15-1 of the uppermost or first ladder part 9 is arranged immediately adjacent to the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder part 10 located immediately below, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the ladder parts 9 to 13. For the sake of clarity, the two ladder parts 9, 10 are shown in a separate position next to one another in a view from above.

It is also shown that in the region of the head of the ladder 15 - 2 of the further ladder part 10 located directly below, a free space 24 is formed starting from this and extending in the direction of the respective ladder foot 14 and between the two ladder rails 25 . This means that no ladder rungs 26 extend continuously between the two ladder rails 25.

The free spaces 24 formed between the associated ladder rails 25 of the respective ladder section 10 to 13 are open towards the ladder head 15, 15-2 or the tip of the ladder section and are continuously formed between the front and rear of the respective ladder section 10 to 13, i.e. the free space 24 is free of continuous ladder rungs 26 and extends from the top continuous ladder rung 26 to the respective ladder head 15 or to the ladder part tip. As a result, the swivel arm 18 can also be inclined through the free space 24 or the free spaces 24 in a position in which the pivot arrangement 19 with its joint axis 27 overlaps with the underlying ladder parts 10 to 13 . It is therefore no longer necessary to move the joint axis 27 beyond the underlying ladder parts 10 to 13 if the free space 24 or free spaces 24 are provided or formed. The articulation axis 27 defined by the pivot arrangement 19 is aligned essentially parallel to the ladder rungs 26 .

How best from the 2 and 4 until 6 As can be seen, the uppermost or first ladder part 9 has the ladder element 17 and the swivel arm 18 articulated thereon. The ladder element 17 in turn also comprises ladder rails 28 and ladder rungs 26 extending between them, which can be provided at least in sections. A separate free space 29 is also provided in the end section of the conductor element 17 facing the head 15 of the ladder set 8, which space can be configured analogously to the free space(s) 24 described above. There are no longer any ladder rungs 26 provided here following the hinge axis 27 either.

The swivel arm 18 in turn also comprises ladder rails 30 and ladder rungs 26 also extending therebetween. For the sake of simplicity, all ladder rungs 26 have been provided with the same reference numbers. In the area of the free space 29 of the ladder element 17, the two ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 are located within the two ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17, viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder parts 9 to 13. This means that the two ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 a ladder center between the ladder rails 28, 30 are arranged closer than the two external ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17. The two ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 are also arranged overlapping or straddling the two ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the ladder. This is because the ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 extend from the hinge axis 27 by a projection 42 beyond the hinge axis 27 in the direction of the ladder head 15-1 and thus to the side or direction facing away from the ladder foot.

Due to this transverse offset of the two ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 with respect to the two outer ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17, the swivel arm 18 has a smaller width 31 than a clear width 32 between the two ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17. In this case, the ladder rails 30 of the Swivel arm 18 in each case in the transverse direction with respect to the ladder longitudinal elongation seen arranged within the ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17.

The swivel assembly 19 with its joint axis 27 is located in the area of the top or last rung 26 of the ladder element 17 of the top ladder part 9. This is particularly the case on the side of the top or last rung 26 of the ladder element 17 that faces away from the ladder foot 14.

Furthermore, a guide arrangement 33 is provided for guiding and supporting the uppermost or first ladder part 9 on the further ladder part 10 located directly below. The guide arrangement 33 comprises a first guide unit 34 on each side of the ladder (left-hand side of the ladder and right-hand side of the ladder) and a second guide unit 35 arranged at a distance therefrom, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder. In the present exemplary embodiment, the first guide units 34 are opposite one another and in the end region of the ladder head 15 -2 of the further ladder part 10 located immediately below is arranged or formed. The end area of the conductor head 15-2 of the further conductor part 10 located directly below it can also be referred to as the end area 36 of the ladder part.

In order to allow swivel arm 18 to pivot unhindered through the above-described at least one free space 24 of the additional ladder part(s) 10 to 13, the first guide units 34 are provided exclusively for supporting and/or guiding the ladder rails 28 of ladder element 17. The free space 24 can be provided, but is not absolutely necessary. If the free space 24 is provided, the first guide units 34 are spaced apart from one another by a transverse distance 37, viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, the transverse distance 37 being selected to be greater than the outer width 31 of the pivot arm 18.

The second guide units 35 are each arranged at a distance 38 from the first guide units 34 in the direction of the ladder foot 14 . The distances 38 between the first guide units 34 and the second guide units 35 preferably each correspond to a maximum length of the overhang 42 of the ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 over the hinge axis 27. The distances 38 are each related to the average of each of the guide units 34, 35. The above-described free space 24 in the ladder part 10 lying directly below it is formed between the ladder rails 25 following the second guide units 35 and in the direction of the ladder head 15 - 2 of the ladder part 10 in the transverse direction. It can also be advantageous if the second guide units 35 are arranged lying within the last pair of rungs of the ladder part 10 immediately below, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the ladder.

The arrangement and design of the second guide units 35, viewed in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the ladder, should be selected such that when the top ladder section 9 is fully retracted into the ladder section 10 immediately below, the ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 are each supported against one of the second guide units 35 are. This is with a thin line in the 4 implied.

Furthermore, it can also be provided that the ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 and the ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 have support surfaces 39, 40 in their extended alignment with one another on their sides facing the first guide units 34 and the second guide units 35, each of which is aligned with one another in a planar manner. The support surfaces 39, 40 can each be defined by the ladder rails 28 and 30 and/or by profile parts additionally arranged or attached to at least one of the ladder rails 28, 30. The support surfaces 39, 40 also define a common plane in their extended alignment with one another.

In the 5 is also shown that after a relative first adjustment path V1 of the first ladder section 9 with respect to the further ladder section 10 immediately below it on the side or in the direction away from the ladder foot 14 and with the ladder element 17 and swivel arm 18 of the ladder element 17 and swivel arm 18 in a straight line with one another, both the ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 in the section of its free space 29 and the ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 are supported on one of the second guide units 35 fitting. For the sake of better clarity, the two ladder parts 9, 10 are also shown here in an arrangement next to one another. A thin line, starting from the second guide units 35, indicates that the ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 and also the ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 are each supported in contact with one of the second guide units 35.

After a longer relative adjustment path V2 of the first ladder part 9 in the same direction, the hinge axis 27 comes into a position outside the two second guide units 35 on the side or direction facing away from the ladder foot 14, with only the ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 then being attached to one the second lead tion units 35 are supported and/or guided on it. One of the ladder rails 28 is thus supported on and/or guided on one of the second guide units 35 . This is in the 6 shown in simplified form. It is also shown that if the adjustment path V2 is selected to be sufficiently large, the two ladder rails 28 are also supported on the first guide units 34 or rest on them and are guided therewith.

The swivel arm 18 preferably has a ladder length, starting from the articulation axis 27 to its ladder head 15 - 1 , which corresponds to a multiple of the length of the overhang 42 of the ladder rails 28 over the articulation axis 27 . The ladder length of the swivel arm 18 can, in particular, be at least twice the length of the overhang 42 of the ladder rails 28 . However, the ladder length of the swivel arm 18 can also be three, four or five times the value of the overhang 42 of the ladder rails 28 over the hinge axis 27 . However, intermediate values are also possible, although this may depend on the rung spacing selected. The individual conductor parts 9 to 13 preferably have approximately the same conductor lengths as one another. In the operating position of the ladder parts 9 to 13, in which at least one of the ladder parts 9 to 12 is completely extended relative to the ladder part 10 to 13 located immediately below, a certain overlapping of the individual ladder parts 9 to 13 relative to one another in the direction of the ladder's longitudinal extension is seen for reasons of stability necessary. A maximum possible adjustment path is thus defined or predetermined for each of the ladder parts 9 to 12 . If at least the above-described free space 24 is provided in at least one other of the ladder parts 10 to 13, the maximum possible ladder part length of the swivel arm 18 can be selected so that on the one hand the articulation axis 27 is in the area of the free space 24 and on the other hand the ladder element 17 is still sufficiently in the immediately below further ladder section 10 is guided when the maximum possible adjustment path is reached.

Since the respective ladder lengths of the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 are selected to be approximately the same as one another, when the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 are in the fully collapsed initial position or initial position, the ladder element 17 of the first uppermost ladder section 9 ends before the ladder head 15-2 of the next one immediately below Ladder part 10. This also before the at least one free space 24 of the one or more other ladder parts 10 to 13. Due to the ladder parts 9 to 13, which are chosen to be approximately the same length, the ladder element 17 and the swivel arm 18 also point between their connected and mutually stretched position Conductor foot 14 and conductor head 15-1 together approach the same conductor length. When the uppermost ladder section 9 is fully retracted into the immediately underlying ladder section 10, the ladder element 17 and the at least one swivel arm 18 overlap with the ladder section 10 immediately below.

The free space 24 defined between its ladder rails 25 by the additional ladder part 10 located directly below it has a free space length 41 . The free space length 41 extends between the last ladder rung 26 of the other ladder part 10 and the end of the ladder rails 25 to the ladder head 15-2.

The first and second guide units 34 and 35 described above are used for mutual support and guidance of the two ladder sections 9 and 10 on one another and thus for dissipating the weight force that is applied by the effect of gravity from the uppermost ladder section 9 to the further ladder section 10 located immediately below or is exercised. Furthermore, the first and second guide units 34 and 35 can each be formed from a plurality of guide elements, in particular guide rollers and/or guide rollers, arranged directly one behind the other as seen in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder. With a multiple arrangement of guide elements one behind the other, a longer guide length or supporting length can be realized for each guide unit 34, 35.

The guide arrangement 33 for the longitudinal guidance of the first and uppermost ladder section 9 on the further ladder section 10 arranged directly below it can also comprise third guide units 43 and fourth guide units 44, as is shown in FIGS 3 until 6 is shown. The third and fourth guide units 43, 44 are designed or provided to guide the first ladder part 9, in particular exclusively its ladder element 17, viewed in the transverse direction in a parallel position on the further ladder part 10 arranged directly underneath. The guide units 43, 44 can also be referred to as so-called lateral guide devices.

The two third guide units 43 can preferably each be arranged or formed directly above the first guide units 34 on the further ladder part 10 . Furthermore, the third guide units 43 should only guide the ladder element 17, preferably in cooperation with its ladder rails 28. In the fully retracted state of the first ladder part 9, the ladder rails 28 are arranged at a distance from the third guide units 43 and are therefore not guided thereon.

The fourth guide units 44 are also provided for the longitudinal guidance of the ladder element 17 with its ladder rails 28 . They are arranged at a distance 45 starting from the third guide units 43 in the direction of the ladder foot 14. In this exemplary embodiment, the distance 45 is selected such that when the first ladder part 9 is fully retracted, each of the ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 is attached to the in Fourth guide units 44 located opposite one another in the transverse direction are guided. This is particularly the case in the section of the overhang 42 of the ladder rails 28 over the hinge axis 27.

In the 7 Another variant is shown, in which the second guide units 35 serve to guide the height of the ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 and also of the ladder element 17 and are thus intended to support them. The width of the second guide units 35 is selected to be narrower in each case in the transverse direction to the second guide units 35 described above. Seen in plan view and when the first ladder part 9 is completely retracted, the second guide units 35 are each arranged only directly below the ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18 .

In order to also be able to support and guide the ladder element 17 with its ladder rails 28 located outside, viewed in the transverse direction, on the narrower second guide units 35, the two ladder rails 28 of the ladder element 17 are each seen as an extension of the ladder rails 30 of the swivel arm 18, on the ladder rails 28 to provide an additional elongated support element 46 in each case. The support elements 46 can be seen or viewed as part of the ladder rails 28 and extend, starting from the area of the pivoting arrangement 19 with its joint axis 27, in the direction of the ladder foot 14. In this embodiment variant, the support surfaces 39 described above are therefore formed by the two support elements 46 and form the track on or on the second guide units 35 . This variant with the support elements 46 can be provided, but requires the provision of additional components.

As previously described and also from the 4 removable, the swivel arm 18, in particular its ladder rails 30, is guided in the fully retracted position on the second guide units 35 of the guide arrangement 33. Due to the gravitational force acting on the first ladder section 9, the weight of the swivel arm 18 and also the ladder element 17 in the region of the ladder head 15-2 of the further ladder section 10 located directly below it is transferred first by means of the second guide units 35 and then also by means of the first guide units 34 removed and supported with it out.

During the extension movement of the uppermost or first ladder part 9, the ladder element 17 with its ladder rails 28 and/or the support elements 46 located thereon also comes to the second guide units 35 and subsequently to the first guide units 34. In order to ensure that the ladder rails 28 and/or or the support elements 46 located thereon on or on the guide units 34, 35, starting bevels 47 can be provided. These can also be referred to as ramps. This is in the 8th indicated in a partial view from the outside.

Those start-up bevels 47 which are moved towards the guide units 34, 35 are provided with the suffix "-1", ie 47-1. Other possible starting bevels 47, namely starting bevels 47-2, can be arranged or provided on the ladder rails 28 in such a way that they come into guiding contact with the third guide units 43 and also the fourth guide units 44 and on these in the lateral direction or in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the conductor. On the presentation of the guide units 43, 44 was in the 8th omitted for the sake of clarity.

In the 9 It is also shown that to facilitate the upward movement of the ladder element 17 onto or onto the first guide units 34 and/or onto or against the second guide units 35, these are mounted on the second ladder part 10 such that they can be pivoted about a pivot axis 48 running in a parallel orientation with respect to the rungs of the ladder 26. The guide units 34 and/or 35 usually include a plurality of rotatably mounted wheels, disks or rollers, which are not designated in any more detail. These can also be referred to as individual guide elements. In order to raise that end of the guide units 34 and/or 35 facing the ladder head 15 in a predetermined manner with respect to the ladder section 10 and to lower that end facing the ladder foot 14 in a predetermined manner in the direction of the ladder section 10, at least one adjusting element 49 can be provided. In the present exemplary embodiment, a spring element is shown as the actuating element 49, which automatically applies or builds up a compressive force. The adjusting element 49 is arranged on that side of the pivot axis 48 which faces away from the ladder foot 14 . However, the actuating element 49 could also build up a tensile force. In this case, the adjusting element 49 would then have to be arranged on that side of the pivot axis 48 which faces the ladder foot 14 .

Due to the forced inclination of the entire guide units 34 and / o 35, the ladder element 17 and/or its support element 46 comes into contact with the end of the respective guide unit 34 and/or 35 lowered in the direction of the second ladder part 10 during the extension movement indicated by an arrow. If the starting bevel 47-1 is provided, this can be made even easier. The support surface 39 is supported on the guide unit 34 and/or 35, which is subsequently aligned in an approximately parallel direction.

In the 10 one possible arrangement of a first guide unit 34 located one behind the other, viewed in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder, and a second guide unit 35 on the second ladder part 10 is shown in a schematically simplified manner.

In contrast to the arrangement of the two guide units 34 , 35 on the second ladder part 10 that was described above and is fixed and, if necessary, pivotable, at least one additional compensating element 50 is provided here, which forms part of the guide arrangement 33 . One of the compensating elements 50 is preferably provided on each side of the conductor. The compensating element or elements 50 extend in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the conductor.

Both the first guide unit 34 and the guide unit 35 are arranged on each of the compensating elements 50 . This is separated according to the ladder side - once on the left and once on the right. The at least one compensating element 50 is designed in the form of a seesaw with lever arms projecting on both sides of the pivot axis. One of the two guide units 34 and 35 is also pivotably arranged on each end facing away from one another or each of the end regions of the respective compensating element 50 . It would also be possible in at least one of the guide units 34, 35 previously in the 9 to provide the actuating element 49 described.

In the 11 one of the third and/or fourth guide units 43, 44 is shown in more detail. The guide units 43 and/or 44 can also include a plurality of rotatably mounted wheels, disks or rollers, which are not designated in any more detail. These can also be referred to as individual guide elements.

The mostly rotatable individual guide elements are mounted on a base element 51 forming a seesaw. The base element 51 itself is mounted such that it can pivot about a pivot axis 52, the pivot axis 52 having an approximately normal alignment with respect to the transverse extent of the ladder parts 9 to 13 with respect to the longitudinal extent of the ladder. It is also possible for each of the base elements 51 to be displaced in the transverse direction with respect to the longitudinal extension of the conductor by means of an eccentric arrangement. The transverse guidance of the first ladder part 9, in particular of its ladder element 17, and its play can thus be adjusted.

In order to be able to limit the pivoting path of the base element 51 about the pivot axis 52, a pivoting path limiting device 53 can be provided. In the present exemplary embodiment, a stop element 54 is provided, which protrudes into a recess 55 of the base element 51 and/or protrudes through this in a passage. Depending on the dimensional ratios of the stop element 54 and the recess 55 or the recesses 55 to one another, the possible pivoting path of the base element 51 about the pivot axis 52 can be predetermined and fixed. The respective stop element 54 can be in the form of a pin and protrude from the second or further ladder part 10 . A two-part mounting or mounting of the stop element 54 can also be or will be provided.

The adjustment movements of at least some of the ladder parts 9 to 13 relative to one another are mostly effected by means of one or more cables, of which at least some of them are in drive connection with at least one cable winch each. In principle, this is to be regarded as known. For safety reasons, a redundant cable arrangement can be provided for ladder set 8. This means that, e.g. in the area of the left ladder rails and also the right ladder rails of the respective ladder set 8, a separate cable arrangement can be provided. In the area of the lowest ladder part 13 here, the rope arrangement can also be arranged on its underside facing the chassis 2 .

In the 12 the ladder set 8 with its ladder parts 9 to 13 is greatly simplified and shown in a spaced-apart arrangement one above the other for the sake of clarity. Furthermore, this position roughly corresponds to the retracted state of the ladder set 8. Only one of the cable arrangements described above is also shown and described, with a double arrangement of the same preferably also being able to be selected.

For better differentiation, the ropes are shown and labeled with lines that differ from one another. In the area of the ladder foot 14, a cable winch 56 with its cable drum is indicated in simplified form, but without drive means for it. There is a pull-out rope 57 - in a continuous full line, a pull-back rope 58 - in Dashed line and several coupling cables 59-1, 59-2, 59-3 and 59-4 - shown and provided - each in a dotted line. Furthermore, deflection rollers are provided, which are briefly described below.

The pull-out cable 57 and also the pull-back cable 58 are wound up on the cable drum of the cable winch 56 or unwound from the cable drum of the cable winch 56 depending on the adjustment direction of the ladder parts 9 to 13 . The bottom ladder part 13 here is in turn arranged in a stationary manner as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the ladder. If at least one of the ladder parts 9 to 12 is to be extended by means of the pull-out cable 57, a pulling force must be applied to the pull-out cable 57 by the cable winch 56 and thus wound onto the cable drum. At the same time, however, the pull-back cable 58 must be unwound from the cable drum of the cable winch 56 . For this purpose, preferably only one cable winch 56 can be provided, but the arrangement of two cable winches 56 for one of the cables 57 and 58 would also be conceivable.

The pull-out cable 57 extends continuously from the cable winch 56 to the first or uppermost ladder section 9 and is also guided along each further ladder section 10, 11 and 12 located between the first ladder section 9 and the lowermost ladder section 13 here. For the sake of simplicity, all deflection pulleys for the pull-out cable 57 are given the same reference number--namely 60--and an additional number.

The lengthwise course of the pull-out cable 57 can be implemented, for example, as described below. The at least one first deflection pulley 60-1 is located in the region of the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth ladder section 13 here. The pull-out cable 57 is pulled from the cable winch 56 on the at least one first deflection pulley 60-1 to the one located in the region of the ladder foot 14 at least one second deflection roller 60-2 of the fourth ladder section 12 here and guided further by this to at least one third deflection roller 60-3, which is located or arranged in the region of the ladder head 15 of the same fourth ladder section 12. The pull-out cable 57 deflected on the at least one third deflection roller 60-3 extends analogously further to at least one fourth deflection roller 60-4 in the area of the ladder foot 14 of the third ladder part 11 here and further to an area of the ladder head 15 of the same third ladder part 11 fifth idler pulley 60-5.

The extension cable 57 deflected on the at least one fifth deflection roller 60-5 extends further to at least one sixth deflection roller 60-6 located in the region of the ladder foot 14 of the second ladder section 10 here and further to a region of the ladder head 15-2 of the same second ladder section 10 at least a seventh deflection roller 60-7. The pull-out cable 57 is guided by the at least one seventh deflection roller 60-7 with its pull-out cable end 61 to a fastening point 62 in the region of the ladder foot 14 of the first or uppermost ladder part 9 in this case and held in a stationary position.

Separate deflection rollers 63 can be provided on each of the ladder parts 10 to 13 for the pull-back cable 58 . A pull-back cable end 64 of the pull-back cable 58 can also be held in a stationary position at the attachment point 62 . The pull-back rope 58 can preferably be deflected on a pair of deflection rollers 63 that belong together, with the at least one deflection roller 63 or the pair of rollers formed from it being located or arranged in the area of the ladder foot 14 of one of the ladder sections 10 to 13.

In addition, a first deflection roller 63 - 1 can be arranged on the lowest or fifth ladder part 13 here, which can be arranged at a distance from the cable winch 56 in the direction of the ladder head 15 . The pull-back rope 58 deflected on the at least one first deflection roller 63-1 is guided back to the ladder foot 14 of the here lowest or fifth ladder section 13 and there on at least one second deflection roller 63-2 or a pair of rollers formed from it and further to the ladder foot 14 of the here fourth ladder section 12 out and deflected. Subsequently and analogously, the pull-back rope 58 is guided to at least one third deflection roller 63-3 or a pair of rollers formed from it to the ladder foot 14 of the third ladder section 11 in this case to the at least one fourth deflection roller 63-4 located there or a pair of rollers formed from it. From here, the pull-back cable 58 is guided to at least a fifth deflection roller 63 - 5 or a pair of rollers formed therefrom in the region of the ladder foot 14 of the second ladder section 10 here and is deflected there towards the attachment point 62 .

In addition, the previously described coupling cables 59 can also be provided. The first coupling cable 59-1 here is fastened or held in place in the area of the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth ladder part 13 here and on the other hand in the area of the ladder foot 14 of the third ladder part 11 here. Furthermore, the first coupling cable 59-1 is deflected on its own deflection roller 65-1, which is arranged in the region of the ladder foot 14 of the fourth ladder section 12 here. The second coupling cable 59-2 is also fastened or positioned in the area of the ladder head 15 of the lowermost or fifth ladder section 13 here and on the other hand in the area of the ladder foot 14 of the third ladder section 11 here. The two attachment points of the first kop pelseils 59-1 and the second coupling rope 59-2 can be congruent. However, the deflection takes place on a second deflection roller 65-2, which in turn is arranged in the region of the conductor head 15 of the fourth conductor part 12 here.

The third coupling cable 59-3 here is fastened or held in place in the area of the ladder head 15 of the fourth ladder part 12 here and on the other hand in the area of the ladder foot 14 of the second ladder part 10 here. Furthermore, the third coupling cable 59-3 is deflected on its own deflection roller 65-3, which is arranged in the region of the ladder foot 14 of the third ladder part 11 here. The fourth coupling cable 59-4 is in turn also fastened or positioned in the area of the ladder head 15 of the fourth ladder part 12 here and on the other hand in the area of the ladder foot 14 of the second ladder part 10 here. The two attachment points of the third coupling cable 59-3 and the fourth coupling cable 59-4 can also be chosen to be congruent. However, the deflection takes place on a fourth deflection roller 65-4, which in turn is arranged in the region of the conductor head 15 of the third conductor part 11 here.

In the 13 and 14 a possible combined and space-saving arrangement of a previously described deflection roller 60 for the pull-out cable 57 and a deflection roller 63 for the retraction cable 58 is shown in a schematically simplified manner. This arrangement can also be referred to as a double roller arrangement. In the 14 the pull-out cable 57 and the pull-back cable 58 are not shown.

For this purpose, a deflection roller 60 for the pull-out cable 57 and a deflection roller 63 for the pull-back cable 58 are rotatably mounted directly next to one another, viewed in the axial direction, on the same or common bearing journal 66, independently of one another. The bearing journal 66 can, for example, be designed as a hollow body and thus be tubular.

How better from the 14 can be seen, the deflection roller 60 for the pull-out cable 57 and the deflection roller 63 for the pull-back cable 58 have different roller diameters and thus different outer diameters. For example, the deflection roller 60 for the pull-out cable 57 can have a larger roller diameter than the deflection roller 63 for the pull-back cable 58 . This creates the possibility of arranging the two deflection rollers 60 and 63 partially nested in one another, viewed in the axial direction, in order to minimize the distance between the cable plane defined by the pull-out cable 57 and the cable plane defined by the retraction cable 58. For better stability, the deflection pulley 60 for the pull-out cable 57 and the deflection pulley 63 for the pull-back cable 58 can be accommodated in a type of support cage and thus form a double-shear mount for the bearing pin 66 .

In the 15 a cooperating roller pair of deflection rollers 60 for the pull-out rope 57 is shown, in which an approximately parallel rope course can be achieved in the region of the ladder parts 9 to 13, but at a small distance from the respective roller diameter. Furthermore, the respective cable--in the present exemplary embodiment the pull-out cable 57--can be deflected with a sufficiently large cable bending radius on the respective deflection roller 60 of the interacting pair of rollers. The first deflection roller 60, which is arranged here closer to the ladder head 15 on the respective ladder section 9 to 13 and completely deflects the pull-out cable 57 in the opposite direction, is wrapped by the pull-out cable 57 at an angle greater than 180°. By providing the second deflection roller 60, which is immediately adjacent as seen in the longitudinal direction of the cable, the two cable strands of the same pull-out cable 57 are arranged closer to one another and are thus guided within the ladder set 8 after the deflection.

Furthermore, the first and second deflection roller 60 of the interacting pair of rollers preferably have the same roller diameter, which preferably corresponds to the minimum roller diameter for the respective rope diameter. The smaller an axial offset 67 in the cable plane or the pulley plane between the first and second deflection pulley 60 of the interacting pair of pulleys, the closer the two strands of pull-out rope 57 are guided to one another after the deflection. This leads to less space being required within the respective ladder section 9 to 13. Without the provision of the second deflection roller 60 here, the two cable strands would be guided at a distance from one another which corresponds to the roller diameter of the first deflection roller 60 here.

It should be mentioned that the pull-back cable 58 can also be deflected on deflection rollers 63 that interact in each case and form a pair of rollers, in a manner analogous to that described above for the pull-out cable 57 . A space-saving arrangement of deflected cable strands of the pull-back cable 58 next to one another can thus also be achieved here. A separate presentation has therefore been dispensed with.

In the case of the ladder set 8, different lines are also to be routed from the ladder foot 14 to the ladder head 15-1 and possibly also to the person receiving means 16. Lines are understood to be, for example, a hydraulic line, signal line, energy supply line—such as a power line. The respective line routing takes place throughout Ladder set 8 starting from the lowest ladder section 13 here, namely the lower ladder, to the ladder tip or ladder head 15-1 to the uppermost or first ladder section 9 here. When the individual ladder sections 9 to 13 are pulled out individually, this represents a particular challenge. It is to damage and/or to avoid an undefined sagging of lines, to always apply a minimum pretensioning force in the form of a tensile force to the respective line.

In the 16 until 20 As a possible exemplary embodiment, the lifting unit 7 is shown in a greatly simplified form as a set of ladders 8 with its ladder parts 9 to 13 in different operating positions of the ladder parts 9 to 13 relative to one another and of at least one first line 68 leading from the lowest or here fifth ladder part 13 to the first or uppermost ladder part 9. In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, the same reference numerals as in FIGS 1 until 15 used. Furthermore, the in the 1 until 15 contained disclosure noted and referenced.

The following examples in the 16 until 25 each show a component of the lifting unit 7, which component is generally referred to below as a cantilever arm 82. Boom 82, in turn, includes a plurality of boom components, generally referred to as boom parts 83-87. The cantilever arm 82 or its cantilever arm parts 83 to 87 each define a cantilever arm foot 88 and a cantilever arm head 89 arranged at a distance therefrom - analogously to the ladder foot 14 and ladder head 15 in the ladder parts 9 to 13.

The cantilever arm 82 can, for example, be designed as a ladder set 8 comprising a plurality of ladder parts 9 to 13 which each form or define the cantilever arm parts 83 to 87 . The reference numerals for the extension arm parts 83 to 87 are entered upstream of the respective ladder parts 9 to 13 - see, for example, FIG 16 until 18 and 21 . However, the same also applies to the reference numbers relating to the cantilever arm foot 88 and the cantilever arm head 89, which are entered in front of the reference number 14 for the ladder foot and the reference number 15 for the ladder head.

Regardless of this, it would also be possible to design the cantilever arm 82 as a so-called telescopic mast 90 . The telescopic mast 90 can in turn comprise several telescopic mast parts 91 to 95, as in the following 22 is shown and described in simplified form. In this exemplary embodiment, the telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 form the extension arm parts 83 to 87 or define them.

Basically, the length of the cantilever arm 82 with its cantilever arm parts 83 to 87 is changed by means of a relative displacement of individual ones of the cantilever arm parts 83 to 87 in the direction of their longitudinal extent to one another, as is generally known. The adjustment movement can take place in the form of a single extension or in the form of a synchronous extension. This is mostly dependent on the total number of boom arm parts 83 to 87, which can be designed either as ladder parts 9 through 13 or as telescopic mast parts 91 through 95.

The in the 16 until 18 Ladder set 8 shown represents a separate category and embodiment for forming the extension arm 82 of the lifting unit 7. This also applies to the extension arm 82 designed as a telescopic mast 90 according to FIG 22 .

The following description of the 16 until 19 shows the extension arm 82 designed as a ladder set 8, in which the extension arm parts 83 to 87 are designed as ladder parts 9 to 13.

It should be noted that the number of ladder parts 9 to 13 arranged one above the other and forming the extension arm parts 83 to 87 or the telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 was only selected as an example, with the extension arm part facing away from the chassis 2 (outermost ladder part or innermost telescopic mast part) being the first or uppermost boom arm part (outermost ladder part or innermost telescopic mast part) - here provided with the reference number 83 - is designated.

The jib arm part (innermost ladder part or outermost telescopic mast part) that is closer to the chassis 2 is referred to as the last or lowest jib arm part (innermost ladder part or outermost telescopic mast part)—here given the reference number 87 . In the present exemplary embodiment, a total of five extension arm parts 83 to 87 are provided, which are formed by the ladder parts 9 to 13, and each of the extension arm parts (ladder parts or telescopic mast parts) is equipped with a counter starting from the first or uppermost extension arm part 83, namely the ladder part 9 referred to second, third, fourth or fifth boom arm part or ladder part. Starting from the lowest and here fifth extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13, the other extension arm parts 86 to 83 or the ladder parts 12 to 9 are always arranged one above the other and extension arm parts 83 to 87 or ladder parts 9 to 13 arranged directly adjacent to one another are guided to one another.

The telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 are preferably tubular and interlocking arranged and possibly out together. The extension arm part having the largest external dimensions--here the extension arm part with the reference number 87--is arranged or held in a known manner by means of a carriage on the chassis 2 or the support frame of the emergency or rescue vehicle 1.

It would also be possible to choose the number of extension arm parts between the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 / telescopic mast part 91 and the lowermost extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 / telescopic mast part 95 in a different way from the exemplary embodiments shown. For example, only one further extension arm part or ladder part/telescopic mast part or two further extension arm parts or ladder parts/telescopic mast parts could be provided in between.

Irrespective of this, more than the three additional or further extension arm parts or ladder parts/telescopic mast parts shown here, such as four, five, six or more further extension arm parts or ladder parts/telescopic mast parts, could also be provided. At least one additional extension arm part or ladder part / telescopic mast part must be provided between the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 / telescopic mast part 91 and the lowermost extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 / telescopic mast part 95. The embodiment according to 16 until 18 shows three further boom arm parts or ladder parts between the uppermost or first and the bottom or last boom arm part or ladder part.

As already described above, the total number of cantilever arm parts, starting from at least three cantilever arm parts, can also be four, five, six, seven, eight or even more of the same.

Furthermore, either a separate second line 69 or an auxiliary cable 70 can be provided, which second line 69 or which auxiliary cable 70 interacts with the first line 68 and forms a counter-traction element.

Furthermore, in the area of the lowest or fifth extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13, a first tensioning device 71 is arranged or provided, by means of which the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary rope 70 are always pretensioned with a minimum tensile force within the ladder set 8 can be held. The first tensioning device 71 in turn comprises an interacting pair of rollers with a first tensioning roller 72, a second tensioning roller 73 and a longitudinal guide arrangement 74 for the interacting pair of rollers. Details are best found in the 19 and 20 to see. In the 19 the lowermost or fifth extension arm part 87 is shown here as a ladder part 13 . The first clamping device 71 can also be used in the case of the extension arm 82 designed as a telescopic mast 90 according to FIG 22 be used.

It should be noted that in the embodiments according to FIGS 16 until 18 and 21 the first clamping device 71 is arranged on the lowest or fifth extension arm part 87, it being possible for the first clamping device 71 to also be arranged on one of the further extension arm parts 83, 84, 85 or 86. It should also be mentioned that in addition to the first clamping device 71, at least one second clamping device 71-1 can also be arranged on one of the extension arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 on which no first clamping device 71 is arranged or provided. A possible embodiment is in the 25 shown and described. The at least one second clamping device 71-1 can basically be designed in the same way as the first clamping device 71. The at least one second clamping device 71 is therefore designated with the same reference number, but with the suffix “-1”.

The two cooperating tension rollers 72 and 73 are guided in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder by means of the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 . The longitudinal guide arrangement 74 can be formed, for example, by two guide rails 75 which are arranged opposite one another and are spaced apart from one another, and these can each preferably have a U-shaped or C-shaped cross section. In the respective longitudinal channels facing each other, the two tension rollers 72 and 73 located one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the ladder are guided in a freely adjustable manner on their respective sides facing away from one another. Each of the tensioning rollers 72 and 73 is partially accommodated in the respective longitudinal channel and guided in a longitudinally adjustable manner along the respective guide rails 75 during the rotation about their respective roller axis. Due to the direct and immediate arrangement of the tensioning rollers 72 and 73 in the respective guide rail 75, additional guide components can be dispensed with. Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the tensioning rollers 72, 73 are made of a plastic material in order to achieve favorable rolling and/or sliding properties between the guide rails 75 and the tensioning rollers 72, 73. However, it can also reduce the noise development or lower it very much. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), for example, can be used as the plastic material, although other plastic materials can also be used.

A possible advantage of the cable routing in the area of the tensioning device 71 can also consist in the fact that the respective cable 68, 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can, due to the force of gravity, lie in the lower guide rails 75, which are therefore closer to the chassis 2, and are thus protected against sagging .

The two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 are each mounted freely rotatably on a tensioning frame 76, it being possible for the tensioning frame 76 to comprise first and second tensioning frame elements 96, 97 which are pretensioned against and towards one another. The two clamping frame elements 96, 97 can be designed to be identical to one another, as a result of which identical parts can be created. The two clamping frame elements 96, 97 are preferably held together and are usually arranged opposite to one another. In order to apply the pretensioning force and the associated pretensioning effect of the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 towards one another, at least one tensioning element 77 can additionally be provided between the two tensioning frame elements 96, 97. A corresponding possibility of reciprocal adjustment relative to one another is still to be provided in this case. Depending on the design and arrangement of the clamping frame elements or the clamping frame parts relative to one another, the at least one clamping element 77 can build up a compressive force or a tensile force between the two clamping frame elements or exert it on them. The forces built up are each indicated by an arrow starting from the two tension rollers 72 and 73 .

The at least one tensioning element 77 can also serve or be referred to as a damping element in order to dampen the sudden impact of tensile forces on the respective line 68, 69 and/or the auxiliary cable 70 and thus minimize possible damage or avoid it altogether. Furthermore, changes in length could also be compensated for within certain limits.

It should be noted that a multiple arrangement of the first line 68, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 together with the tensioning device 71 and the respective deflection pulleys can also take place. It would be possible, for example, if the cantilever arm parts 83 to 87 are designed as ladder parts 9 to 13, they could be arranged on either side of the ladder rungs.

In the in the 16 The fully retracted or retracted position shown or the operating state of the ladder set 8 forming the extension arm 82 is the pair of tension rollers formed from the two tension rollers 72 and 73 in the area of the extension arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 as well as along the longitudinal guide assembly 74 freely and automatically adjustable guided shown in solid lines. Those in the 17 shown position of the tension rollers 72 and 73 is indicated here with dots. The longitudinal guide arrangement 74 extends here, starting from the extension arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the lowest or fifth extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 in the direction of its extension arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the first line 68 can be held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or fifth extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 in the area of the extension arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 and subsequently on the first tension roller 72 to the extension arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 of the fourth extension arm part 86 or the ladder part 12 and to at least one first deflection roller 78-1 located there.

In most cases, the first line 68 is routed from the cantilever arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14 into the area of the cantilever arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 and is preferably kept in a fixed position there. The deflection takes place in a first direction. The further course of the line of the first line 68 after its deflection at the first deflection roller 78-1 extends towards a second deflection roller 78-2 in the area of the extension arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14 of the third extension arm part 85 or the ladder part 11 a third deflection roller 78-3 in the area of the extension arm head 89 or the ladder head 15-2 of the second extension arm part 84 or the ladder part 10 and finally towards the extension arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14 of the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 A second or upper line section of the first line 68 can in turn be held in a stationary position on the first or uppermost extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 in the region of its extension arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14 . A continuation of the first line 68 to the cantilever arm head 89 or to the ladder head 15-1 is usually and preferably still to be provided.

In all of the exemplary embodiments, the first line 68 and the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are guided in a direction converging towards the tensioning device 71 with its tensioning rollers 72, 73 and are deflected at the respective tensioning roller 72, 73. The deflection takes place in a direction or side facing away from each other.

The course of the line of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 usually also begins in the Area of the extension arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14 of the lowermost or fifth extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13, in which case a first or lower line section can also be held in a fixed position on the lowest or fifth extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13. The second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is deflected on the second tensioning roller 73 and then guided to at least one first deflection roller 79-1 located in the area of the boom arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14. The deflection rollers 79 for the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can also be referred to with the suffix such as further, additional or the like, for better differentiation from the deflection rollers 78 for the first line 68 .

The further course of the line of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 after it has been deflected at the first deflection roller 79-1 extends to a second deflection roller 79-2 in the area of the extension arm head 89 or ladder head 15 of the third extension arm part 85 or the ladder part 11, on to a third deflection roller 79-3 in the area of the extension arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14 of the second extension arm part 84 or the ladder part 10 and finally in the area of the extension arm foot 88 or ladder foot 14 of the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 or of the ladder part 9. A second or upper line section of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can in turn be held in a stationary position on the first or uppermost extension arm part 83 or ladder part 9 in the region of its extension arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14. A continuation of the second line 69 towards the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15-1 is usually and preferably still to be provided.

In the 17 shows that operating position or position in which the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 is fully extended and the other extension arm parts 84 to 87 or the ladder parts 10 to 13 have each remained in their completely retracted starting position or starting position. Due to the interaction of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 with the first line 68, a tensile force is exerted in the area of the first tensioning device 71 in each case. This allows sagging and thus a tensioning force to be exerted on the respective line 68, 69 or the auxiliary cable 70. The same also applies to an opposite adjustment movement of the extension arm parts 83 to 87.

The extension arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14 of the here first or uppermost extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 is, apart from a remaining overlap, with the second extension arm part 84 or ladder part 10 located immediately below in the direction of its extension arm head 89 or its ladder head 15- 2 been relocated. A relative maximum first adjustment path 80 of the first or uppermost extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 starting from the extension arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14 of the second extension arm part 84 or the ladder part 10 is shown with an arrow. Due to this relative displacement or the adjustment path, the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are correspondingly displaced relative to one another and relative to the further extension arm parts 84 to 87 or the ladder parts 10 to 13. There are also the two associated tension rollers 72 and 73 together in the longitudinal guide assembly 74 starting from the in the 16 the starting position shown shifted towards the extension arm foot 88 or the ladder foot 14 . This occurs automatically due to the mutual pretension and the interaction of the first line 68 with the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70. The extent of the relative displacement of the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 in the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 corresponds to half the value of the adjustment path 80 of the first or uppermost Ladder section 9. This second adjustment path 81 is entered and shown with a further dimension arrow. The second adjustment path 81 also corresponds to half the value given a shorter first adjustment path 80 .

If the further second, third and fourth extension arm parts 84 to 86 or the ladder parts 10 to 12 present between the here first or uppermost extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 and the lowermost or fifth extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 are also placed in their respective shifted fully extended positions or positions, this operating position of the boom arm 82 forming ladder set 8 is in the 18 shown. The two tension rollers 72 and 73 are again automatically adjusted due to the mutual interaction of the first line 68 with the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 back into their starting position or starting position closer to the boom arm head 89 or the ladder head 15 lying. The starting position of the two tensioning rollers 72, 73 of the tensioning device 71 or 71-1 must be in the area where the extension arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 overlap, so that the tensioning system can still function when the last of the extension arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 works.

Furthermore, it can also be seen that the starting position of the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 is or is arranged within the overlapping area with the here fourth extension arm part 86 or the ladder part 12 . It should also be mentioned that the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 looks like this can be formed, as previously in the 1 until 11 has been shown and described. The ladder element 17 with the swivel arm 18 pivotably mounted thereon can thus form the first extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 . However, it would also be possible to design the first extension arm part 83 or the ladder part 9 to be continuous and thus without the swivel arm 18 .

For the sake of clarity are in the 16 until 18 only the two tensioning rollers 72 and 73 of the pair of rollers forming a tensioning carriage are shown and the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 is not shown. Furthermore, it is possible to provide one of the above-described cable risers on each of the ladder sides, namely on the left and right ladder sides as viewed in the direction of ascent. A multiple arrangement of supply lines and/or control lines can thus be formed.

In the 21 is the in the 16 until 18 Cantilever arm 82 designed as a ladder set 8 is shown in an exemplary embodiment with a smaller number of cantilever arm parts, namely the uppermost or first cantilever arm part 83, the lowermost or last cantilever arm part 87 and only one further cantilever arm part 86 located between these two cantilever arm parts 83 and 87. Only the completely retracted position of the ladder parts 9, 12 and 13 forming the extension arm parts 83, 86 and 87 is shown here.

The relative adjustment or displacement movements are analogous to the previously described embodiment in FIGS 16 until 20 .

In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, the same reference numerals as in FIGS 1 until 20 used. Furthermore, the in the 1 until 20 contained disclosure noted and referenced. The first clamping device 71 is also arranged here on the lowest or last extension arm part 87 or the ladder part 13 . At the first tensioning device 71, the deflection of the first line 68 and the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 in the side or direction facing away from each other takes place separately from the two first deflection rollers 78-1 and 79-1.

After being deflected or deflected at the first deflection roller 78-1, the first line 68 is routed directly to the ladder foot 14 or the extension arm foot 88 of the uppermost or first ladder part 9 or the uppermost or first extension arm part 83.

After the deflection or deflection at the first deflection roller 79-1, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is also routed directly to the ladder foot 14 or the extension arm foot 88 of the uppermost or first ladder part 9 or the uppermost or first extension arm part 83.

The first clamping device 71 is preferably designed and arranged in the same way as previously described in FIGS 16 until 20 has been described in detail. This also applies to the first and second adjustment paths 80 and 81.

In the 22 Another possible embodiment of the cantilever arm 82 is shown, but this is in contrast to that in FIGS 16 until 19 and 21 shown embodiment is formed as a telescopic mast 90 comprising several telescopic mast parts 91 to 95. The telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 correspond in principle to the ladder parts 9 to 13 described above and can also be displaced relative to one another in the direction of their longitudinal extent - namely also telescopically.

The telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 form or define the jib arm parts 83 to 87 of the jib arm 82 and each define the jib arm foot 88 and the jib arm head 89 arranged at a distance therefrom be designated.

The telescopic mast parts 91 to 95, starting from the first or uppermost telescopic mast part 91, are also designated with a counter, such as the second, third, fourth or fifth telescopic mast part. Starting from the lowest and here fifth telescopic mast part 95, the other telescopic mast parts 94 to 91 are always arranged one inside the other and telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 arranged immediately adjacent to one another are guided together.

In order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, the same reference numerals as in FIGS 1 until 21 used. Furthermore, the in the 1 until 21 contained disclosure noted and referenced.

The relative adjustment or displacement movements of the telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 are analogous to the previously described embodiments with their ladder parts 9 to 13 in the 16 until 20 and 21 .

The first clamping device 71 is preferably designed and arranged in the same way as previously described in FIGS 16 until 20 described in detail has been used. This also applies to the first and second adjustment paths 80 and 81.

Again, it is possible and conceivable that the number of telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 can vary, as also previously described in FIGS 16 until 21 has already been described for the extension arm parts 83 to 87 designed as ladder parts 9 to 13 . In the exemplary embodiment shown, a total of five telescopic mast parts 91 to 95 are provided, the number of which can also vary here, as has already been described above for the cantilever arm parts 83 to 87 designed as ladder parts 9 to 13 .

In the 23 a further and optionally independent embodiment of the lifting unit 7 is shown, with the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding ones being used for the same parts 1 until 22 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the foregoing 1 until 22 pointed out or referred to. The cantilever arm 82 with its cantilever arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 is only shown in its fully retracted position in a greatly simplified and stylized manner.

The cantilever arm 82 can be designed as a ladder set 8 with a plurality of ladder parts 9 to 13, as previously described in FIGS 16 until 18 and 21 has been described. But it would also be possible to form the cantilever arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90 with several telescopic mast parts 91 to 95, as shown in FIG 22 has been described. For the sake of simplicity and better clarity, only the reference numbers for the extension arm 82 with its extension arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 are used and can be transferred analogously to the ladder set 8 or the telescopic mast 90.

The cantilever arm 82 is here with an opposite to 16 until 18 to a smaller number of jib arm parts, namely the top or first jib arm part 83, the bottom or last jib arm part 87 and only one further jib arm part 86 located between these two jib arm parts 83 and 87. However, it would also be possible to provide several further extension arm parts between the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 here and the lowermost or last extension arm part 87 here.

In contrast to the one in the 21 The exemplary embodiment shown here is the first clamping device 71 on the penultimate extension arm part—here provided with the reference number 86—between the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 and the lowermost or last extension arm part 87 .

The first line 68 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87--this preferably in the area of its boom arm head 89. A line connection to the boom arm foot 88 is usually to be provided. The course of the line of the first line 68 from the area of the extension arm head 89 from here the lowest or last extension arm part 87 runs to the first deflection roller 78-1 in the area of the extension arm head 89 of the next extension arm part 86 arranged directly downstream and at this point becomes the first tensioning roller 72 of the first tensioning device 71 deflected towards. After being deflected at the first idler pulley 72 , the first line 68 is routed to the topmost or first of the cantilever arm portions 83 . This in particular in the area of its boom arm head 89. The second or upper line section of the first line 68 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83.

In this exemplary embodiment, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 - this also in the area of its boom arm head 89. A line connection to the boom arm foot 88 is usually to be provided. The course of the line of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 from the area of the extension arm head 89 from the lowest or last extension arm part 87 runs to the first deflection roller 79-1 in the area of the extension arm foot 88 of the next extension arm part 86 arranged immediately downstream and becomes the second tensioning roller at this point 73 of the first clamping device 71 is deflected. After being deflected at the second idler pulley 73, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is guided to the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm parts 83. This in particular in the area of its boom arm foot 88. The second or upper line section of the second line 69 or of the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83. A further subsequent line routing to the boom arm head 89 is usually still to be provided.

In this embodiment, the first jig 71 is not disposed on the lowermost or last of the cantilever portions 87 and not on the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm portions 83 .

In the 24 a further and possibly independent embodiment of the lifting unit 7 is shown, again for the same Parts with the same reference numbers or component designations as in the previous ones 1 until 23 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the foregoing 1 until 23 pointed out or referred to. The cantilever arm 82 with its cantilever arm parts 83, 85, 86 and 87 is only shown in its fully retracted position in a highly simplified and stylized manner.

The cantilever arm 82 can be formed as a ladder set 8, as previously described in FIGS 16 until 18 and 21 has been described. But it would also be possible to form the cantilever arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90, as shown in FIG 22 has been described. For the sake of simplicity and better clarity, only the reference numbers for the cantilever arm 82 with its cantilever arm parts 83, 85, 86, 87 are used.

The cantilever arm 82 is here with an opposite to 16 until 18 to a smaller number of jib arm parts, namely the uppermost or first jib arm part 83, the lowest or last jib arm part 87 and two further jib arm parts 85 and 86 located between these two jib arm parts 83 and 87 - i.e. a total of four jib arm parts. The extension or the adjustment movements take place here in the form of a synchronous extension of the extension arm parts 83, 85, 86 and 87 to one another.

The first clamping device 71 is here again arranged on the lowest or last extension arm part 87 . It is also provided here that the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are or will be held in a fixed position on the penultimate of the extension arm parts - here the extension arm part 86 between the respective line run towards the top or first extension arm part 83. The respective fixed brackets or attachment points are indicated with a filled, full circle or a larger dot.

The first line 68 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowermost or last of the boom arm parts 87 - this in the area of its boom arm head 89 and is shown as a solid line. A line connection to the cantilever arm base 88 is usually to be provided. The course of the line of the first line 68 from the area of the extension arm head 89 from here the lowest or last extension arm part 87 runs to the first tension roller 72 of the first tensioning device 71 and is deflected on this towards the penultimate or here fourth of the extension arm parts 86. This is particularly the case in the direction of its boom arm head 89. There the stationarily positioned mounting or attachment described above takes place.

The further course of the line of the first line 68, starting from its mounting or attachment point, runs to the first deflection roller 78-1 in the area of the extension arm head 89 of the further or next extension arm part 85 arranged directly downstream—here the second extension arm part. After the deflection at the first deflection roller 78-1, the first line 68 is guided towards the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 and is held in place there with its second or upper line section on the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts 83. This is particularly the case in the area of its cantilever arm foot 88. A further subsequent line routing to the cantilever arm head 89 is usually still to be provided.

In this exemplary embodiment, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 - here preferably in the area of its boom arm foot 88 - and is shown as a dashed line. The course of the line of the second line 69 or of the auxiliary cable 70 extends towards the second tensioning roller 73 of the first tensioning device 71 and is deflected on this towards the penultimate or here fourth of the extension arm parts 86 . This is particularly the case in the direction of its extension arm foot 88. There the previously described first stationary positioned mounting or attachment takes place. The second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is further guided from the jib arm foot 88 to a second fixed position holder in the area of the jib arm head 89 of the penultimate or here fourth of the jib arm parts 86 .

The further course of the line of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70, starting from its mounting or attachment point on the penultimate or here fourth of the extension arm parts 86, runs to the first deflection roller 79-1 in the area of the extension arm foot 88 of the further or next extension arm part 85 arranged immediately downstream - here the second boom arm part. After being deflected at the first deflection roller 79-1, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is guided to the uppermost or first extension arm part 83 and is held in place there with its second or upper line section on the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts 83. This, in particular, also in the area of its cantilever arm foot 88. A further subsequent line routing to the cantilever arm head 89 is usually still to be provided.

In the 25 a further and optionally independent embodiment of the lifting unit 7 is shown, with the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding ones being used for the same parts 1 until 24 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the foregoing 1 until 24 pointed out or referred to. The cantilever arm 82 with its cantilever arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 is only shown in a greatly simplified and stylized form. In this illustration, the uppermost or first of the boom sections 83 is shown in its fully extended position at maximum stroke and the other boom sections 84, 85, 86 and 87 are shown in an intermediate position at approximately half stroke each.

The cantilever arm 82 can be designed as a ladder set 8 with a plurality of ladder parts 9 to 13, as previously described in FIGS 16 until 18 and 21 has been described. But it would also be possible to form the cantilever arm 82 shown here as a telescopic mast 90 with several telescopic mast parts 91 to 95, as shown in FIG 22 has been described. For the sake of simplicity and better clarity, only the reference numbers for the extension arm 82 with its extension arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 are used and can be transferred analogously to the ladder set 8 or the telescopic mast 90.

The cantilever arm 82 includes analogous to the embodiment according to the 16 until 18 a total of five extension arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86 and 87. In addition to the first clamping device 71 described above, at least one additional further or second clamping device 71-1 is also provided here. For the sake of clarity, the two clamping devices 71 and 71-1 are shown in an arrangement between the cantilever arm parts 83 and 84 and 86 and 87, which are shown spaced apart from one another.

The respective stationary mounts or attachment points are also indicated here with a filled, full circle or a larger dot.

The first clamping device 71 is arranged here on the lowest or last of the jib arm parts 87 , which can be displaced in particular in the area of its jib arm head 89 and in the direction of the jib arm foot 88 . Furthermore, the first line 68 described above and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 are also provided, which preferably extend continuously starting from the lowest or last of the extension arm parts 87 to the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts 83.

The at least one additional further or second clamping device 71 - 1 is arranged on the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm parts 83 . By providing two tensioning devices 71, 71-1 in this exemplary embodiment, predetermined line sections of the first line 68 and also the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 can be attached to boom arm parts 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 provided for this purpose, namely the second boom arm part 84 and the fourth cantilever arm portion 86 may each be fixedly routed thereto. This is a line section of the first line 68 which runs on the second extension arm part 84 in a fixed manner between the extension arm foot 88 and the extension arm head 89 .

The second line 69 is arranged with its line section or the auxiliary cable 70 is arranged with its line section fixed here on the fourth boom arm part 86 between the boom foot 88 towards the boom arm head 89 . This is done between two fixed attachment points or brackets.

The respective cable routing is briefly described below. The first line 68 is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowest or last of the boom arm parts 87 - this is guided in the area of its boom arm head 89 and further to the first tensioning roller 72 of the first tensioning device 71 and deflected at this. A line connection to the cantilever arm base 88 is usually to be provided and is indicated by a line. After its deflection at the first tension roller 72, the first line 68 runs towards the penultimate or fourth extension arm part 86, preferably to its extension arm head 89, and is held or fastened in a stationary position here. Starting from this attachment point, the first line 68 runs to the first deflection roller 78-1, which is arranged in the area of the extension arm head 89 of the third extension arm part 85 here, and after its deflection is guided to the extension arm foot 88 of the fourth extension arm part 84. There is a further stationary positioned mounting or fastening in the area of its boom arm foot 88. The first line 68 is routed from the boom arm foot 88 of the fourth boom arm part 84 in a fixed manner to its boom arm head 89 and is also held or fastened in a stationary position here. Starting from this stationary attachment point, the first line 68 is guided further to the first tensioning roller 72-1 of the additional or second tensioning device 71-1 and is deflected there in the direction of the extension arm head 89 of the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts 83. The second or upper duct portion of the first duct 68 is held in place on the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm portions 83 . A line connection to its boom arm head 89 is mostly to be provided, which is only indicated.

In this exemplary embodiment, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a stationary position with its lower or first line section on the lowermost or last of the cantilever arm parts 87 . This can be done, for example, in the area of the end area of the longitudinal guide arrangement 74 facing the cantilever arm foot 88, in particular of its guide rails 75. Starting from this attachment point, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is routed to the second tensioning pulley 73 and is deflected on this to the jib arm foot 88 of the penultimate or fourth jib arm part 86 and also held in a stationary position in the area of its jib arm foot 88. The further course of the line of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 extends to the boom arm head 89 of the penultimate or fourth boom arm part 86 with a fixed line section, with a fixed and positioned bracket or attachment being provided in the area of the boom arm head 89.

Starting from this attachment point, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 runs to the first deflection pulley 79-1, which is arranged in the area of the extension arm foot 88 of the third extension arm part 85 here, and after it is deflected towards the extension arm foot 88 of the fourth extension arm part 84 guided. Starting from this stationary attachment point, the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is guided on to the second tensioning roller 73-1 of the additional or second tensioning device 71-1 and is deflected there in the direction of the cantilever arm foot 88 of the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm parts 83. The second or upper line section of the second line 69 or the auxiliary cable 70 is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the boom arm parts 83, in particular in the area of its boom arm foot 88. A line connection to its boom arm head 89 is usually still to be provided, which is only indicated. If the auxiliary cable 70 is provided instead of the second line 69 , it can end in the area of the foot 88 of the cantilever arm.

The exemplary embodiments show possible variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated variants of the same, but rather that various combinations of the individual variants with one another are also possible and this possibility of variation is based on the teaching on technical action through the present invention in skills of the specialist working in this technical field.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings should be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The task on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in the present description is to be understood in such a way that it also includes any and all sub-ranges, e.g. the information 1 to 10 is to be understood in such a way that all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, are also included , i.e. all subranges start with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end with an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

Finally, for the sake of clarity, it should be pointed out that some elements are shown not to scale and/or enlarged and/or reduced in size for a better understanding of the structure.

list of reference numbers

1

emergency or rescue vehicle

2

chassis

3

pair of front wheels

4

pair of rear wheels

5

vehicle body

6

driver's cabin

7

lifting unit

8th

ladder set

9

ladder part

10

ladder part

11

ladder part

12

ladder part

13

ladder part

14

ladder foot

15

ladder head

16

means of transport

17

ladder element

18

swivel arm

19

swivel assembly

20

bogie

21

energy source

22

range extender

23

electric motor

24

free space

25

ladder stile

26

ladder rung

27

joint axis

28

ladder stile

29

free space

30

ladder stile

31

Width

32

clear expanse

33

guide arrangement

34

first leadership unit

35

second leadership unit

36

Ladder section end area

37

cross spacing

38

Distance

39

support surface

40

support surface

41

clearance length

42

Got over

43

third leadership unit

44

fourth leadership unit

45

Distance

46

support element

47

start-up bevel

48

pivot axis

49

actuator

50

compensation element

51

base element

52

pivot axis

53

Swivel limit device

54

stop element

55

recess

56

winch

57

pull-out rope

58

pull-back rope

59

coupling rope

60

pulley

61

Extract rope end

62

attachment point

63

pulley

64

retract rope end

65

pulley

66

bearing journal

67

offset

68

first line

69

second line

70

auxiliary rope

71

clamping device

72

first idler pulley

73

second idler pulley

74

longitudinal guide arrangement

75

guide rail

76

clamping frame

77

clamping element

78

pulley

79

pulley

80

first adjustment path

81

second adjustment path

82

boom arm

83

boom arm part

84

boom arm part

85

boom arm part

86

boom arm part

87

boom arm part

88

outrigger foot

89

boom arm head

90

telescopic mast

91

telescopic mast section

92

telescopic mast section

93

telescopic mast section

94

telescopic mast section

95

telescopic mast section

96

first tenter frame element

97

second clamping frame element

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• AT 513612 A4 [0002]
• EP 1892017 A2 [0003]
• EP 2182164 A1 [0004]
• EP 1726773 B1 [0005]
• DE 9416367 U1 [0006]

Claims (17)

Lifting unit (7) with a telescopic extension arm (82), in particular for an emergency or rescue vehicle (1), comprising - several extension arm parts (83, 84, 85, 86, 87), which extension arm parts (83, 84, 85, 86 , 87) each define a cantilever arm foot (88) and a cantilever arm head (89) spaced therefrom, the cantilever arm parts (83, 84, 85, 86, 87) being movable relative to one another from a fully retracted starting position at most to a fully extended operating position and vice - a first line (68), which first line (68) preferably extends continuously from the lowermost or last of the extension arm parts (87) to the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83). is arranged or formed, wherein the first line (68) is held in a fixed position with its lower or first line section on the lowermost or last of the cantilever arm parts (87), and and a second or upper line section of the first line (68) on the uppermost or first of the Cantilever arm parts (83) are held in a fixed position, - at least one second line (69) or an auxiliary cable (70), which second line (69) or which auxiliary cable (70) starting from the lowest or last of the cantilever arm parts (87) preferably continuously to the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm parts (83), the second line (69) with its lower or first line section or the auxiliary cable (70) with its lower or first line section being held in a fixed position on the lowermost or last cantilever arm part (87). and a second or upper line section of the second line (69) or of the auxiliary cable (70) is held in a fixed position on the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83), characterized in that - a first tensioning device (71) is provided, which first Tensioning device (71) comprises a first tensioning roller (72), a second tensioning roller (73), a tensioning frame (76) which supports the two tensioning rollers (72, 73) in a freely rotatable manner, and a longitudinal guide arrangement (74), by means of which longitudinal guide arrangement (74) guides the two Tensioning rollers (72, 73) are guided in a freely adjustable manner in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the extension arm, - that the first tensioning device (71) is arranged on one of the extension arm parts (83, 84, 85, 86, 87), - that the first line (68 ) is deflected in a first direction in its course towards the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83) on the first tension roller (72) of the first tensioning device (71), - that the second line (69) in its course or the auxiliary cable (70 ) is deflected in its line course towards the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83) on the second tensioning roller (73) of the first tensioning device (71) in a direction away from it with respect to the first direction, and - that the first tensioning device (71) with its both tensioning rollers (72, 73) is designed to, when at least some of the extension arm parts (83, 84, 85, 86, 87) are adjusted relative to one another by means of the first line (68) deflected on the first tensioning roller (72) and by means of the to be adjusted automatically along the longitudinal guide arrangement (74) by the second line (69) deflected on the second tension roller (73) or the auxiliary cable (70). Lifting unit (7) after claim 1 , characterized in that the first clamping device (71) is arranged at the lowermost or last of the cantilever arm parts (87). Lifting unit (7) after claim 2 , characterized in that the first line (68), after it has been deflected at the first tension roller (72), towards the extension arm head (89) of the next extension arm part (86) arranged immediately downstream and towards at least one first deflection roller (78-1) located there is guided, and the further line course of the first line (68) runs after it has been deflected at the first deflection roller (78-1) up to the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83), in particular in the area of its extension arm foot (88). Lifting unit (7) according to one of claims 2 or 3 , characterized in that the second line (69) after it has been deflected or the auxiliary cable (70) after it has been deflected at the second tensioning roller (73) towards the boom arm foot (88) of the next boom arm part (86) arranged immediately downstream and to at least one there located on the first deflection roller (79-1), and the further course of the line of the second line (69) after it has been deflected at the first deflection roller (79-1) or of the auxiliary cable (70) after it has been deflected at the first deflection roller (79-1 ) up to the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83), in particular in the area of its extension arm foot (88). Lifting unit (7) according to one of claims 2 until 4 , characterized in that a further extension arm part (85) is provided, which further extension arm part (85) immediately follows the next extension arm part (86) immediately following the lowermost or last of the extension arm parts (83) and the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83 ) is arranged and the further course of the line of the first line (68) after its deflection at the first Deflection roller (78-1) runs towards a second deflection roller (78-2) in the area of the extension arm foot (88) of the further extension arm part (85) and is deflected or deflected at the second deflection roller (78-2), and the further line course of the second line (69) after it has been deflected at the first deflection roller (79-1) or the further course of the line of the auxiliary cable (70) after it has been deflected at the first deflection roller (79-1) towards a second deflection roller (79-2) in the area of the extension arm head (89) of the further extension arm part (85) and is deflected or deflected at the second deflection roller (79-2). Lifting unit (7) after claim 5 , characterized in that an additional further extension arm part (84) is provided, which additional further extension arm part (84) is arranged directly in front of the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83) and the further course of the line of the first line (68) after its deflection second deflection roller (78-2) in the area of the extension arm foot (88) of the further extension arm part (85) towards a third deflection roller (78-3) in the area of the extension arm head (89) of the additional further extension arm part (84) and on the third deflection roller (78-3) is deflected or deflected towards the uppermost or first of the extension arm parts (83), and the further course of the second line (69) after it has been redirected to the second deflection roller (79-2) or the further course of the line of the auxiliary cable (70) after its deflection on the second deflection roller (79-2) in the area of the extension arm head (89) of the further extension arm part (85) towards a third deflection roller (79-3) in the area of the extension arm foot (88) of the additional further extension arm part (84). and is deflected or deflected at the third deflection roller (79-3) towards the uppermost or first of the cantilever arm parts (83). Lifting unit (7) after claim 1 , characterized in that the first tensioning device (71) is arranged on a further one of the cantilever arm parts (84, 85, 86) located between the bottom or last cantilever arm part (87) and the top or first cantilever arm part (83). Lifting unit (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one further additional clamping device (71-1) is arranged on one of the extension arm parts (83, 84, 85, 86, 87) on which no first clamping device (71) is arranged. Lifting unit (7) after claim 8 , characterized in that the further additional clamping device (71-1) is designed in the same way as the first clamping device (71). Lifting unit (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal guide arrangement (74) comprises two guide rails (75) arranged opposite one another and spaced apart from one another and the guide rails (75) are aligned to run in the direction of the longitudinal extension of the cantilever arm. Lifting unit (7) after claim 10 , characterized in that the guide rails (75) each have a U-shaped cross section and each define mutually facing longitudinal channels, in which longitudinal channels the two tensioning rollers (72, 73) are each partially accommodated and guided in the longitudinal channels in a longitudinally adjustable manner. Lifting unit (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamping frame (76) of the clamping device (71, 71-1) comprises a first clamping frame element (96) and a second clamping frame element (97), the first clamping roller (72) is freely rotatably mounted on the first clamping frame element (96) and the second clamping roller (73) is freely rotatably mounted on the second clamping frame element (97) and the two clamping frame elements (96, 97) are held together. Lifting unit (7) after claim 12 , characterized in that the clamping device (71, 71-1) further comprises at least one clamping element (77), of which at least one clamping element (77) on the first clamping frame element (96) and on the second clamping frame element (97) one against the other and on top of each other directed biasing force is applied. Lifting unit (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with a relative maximum first adjustment path (80) of the uppermost or first extension arm part (83) with respect to the further extension arm part (84 to 86) arranged directly downstream, a second adjustment path (81) of the relative displacement of the two tensioning rollers (72, 73) along the longitudinal guide arrangement (74) corresponds to half the value of the first adjustment path (80) of the first or uppermost extension arm part (83). Lifting unit (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cantilever arm (82) is designed as a ladder set (8), which ladder set (8) comprises several mutually telescoping ladder parts (9 to 13). Lifting unit (7) according to one of Claims 1 until 14 , characterized in that the extension arm (82) is designed as a telescopic mast (90), which telescopic mast (90) several to each other includes telescopic telescopic mast parts (91 to 95). Emergency or rescue vehicle (1) comprising a chassis (2), a vehicle body (5), a driver's cab (6) and a lifting unit (7) with a telescoping extension arm (83), characterized in that the lifting unit (7) with the telescopic extension arm (83) according to one of Claims 1 until 16 is trained.

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