DE102021127827A1 - Room module for a security-relevant building, method for producing a room module and building with a large number of room modules - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a room module 10 for a security-relevant building 100, for example a correctional facility, comprising: - a primary supporting structure 11 with a module floor 41 and module supports 30 and - an inner shell 12, which is arranged within the primary supporting structure 11 when the room module 10 is fully assembled of the accommodated people as well as protection from these people can be achieved by a steel shell integrated into the room. In known constructions, the sheet steel parts are attached to the rooms on the building construction site from the outside wall side. However, this results in "soft" wall components in dry construction towards the interior, which allow manipulation in the long term. In addition, the assembly is complex and the construction time at the building site is high. In order to meet the safety requirements and to enable a simple and quick construction of safety-relevant buildings, it is proposed that the inner shell 12 of a room module 10 be designed as a self-supporting assembly, with the inner shell 12 having a body 13 made of a high-strength material, preferably sheet steel or steel mesh, and can be set up on the module floor 41 of the primary supporting structure 11. The room modules 10 according to the invention take into account the structural requirements and enable a high degree of prefabrication.

Description

• - ein Primärtragwerk mit einem Modulboden und Modulstützen und
• - eine Innenhülle, die beim fertig montierten Raummodul innerhalb des Primärtragwerks angeordnet ist.

The invention relates to a room module for a security-relevant building, for example for a correctional facility or a forensic clinic (correctional facility), comprising:

• - a primary structure with a modular floor and modular columns and
• - An inner shell, which is arranged within the primary structure when the room module is fully assembled.

The invention also relates to a method for producing such room modules and to a building comprising such room modules. The area of application of the invention is preferably new construction, expansion and renovation, as well as the temporary provision of buildings for the safety-related accommodation of people.

In addition to buildings in solid construction made of mineral building materials, construction methods based on a supporting structure made of wooden building materials or steel building materials have established themselves on the market. With increasing prefabrication of load-bearing components, modular construction with prefabricated modules for permanent use in different areas of application and for different purposes has achieved a high level of acceptance. These modules, which often have a steel frame, are also commonly referred to as steel modules or room modules.

The room modules mentioned can, for example, be combined to form building complexes and special buildings in accordance with a German state building code. Such special buildings can be schools, hospitals, correctional facilities, etc., for example. In Germany, the construction of such special buildings is subject to the respective state building regulations, depending on the building site. According to this, for example, the steel supporting structure of modular buildings must be protected in a suitable manner with regard to structural fire protection. For the realization of buildings with requirements for the safety of the people accommodated as well as safety from the people accommodated, aspects must also be taken into account that can be implemented in steel construction, e.g. with sheet steel planking.

The use of prefabricated units in the construction of buildings has long been known. It is believed that prefabricated units can reduce construction times, simplify construction methods and reduce effort.

Out of DE 10 2017 115 615 A1 a room module is known which comprises a module base plate and several module supports. The module base plate and the module supports with a ceiling frame resting on them form the load-bearing parts of the room modules and, when assembled at the construction site, a skeleton structure into which the inner walls can be inserted as inner wall half-shells. In this case, two or more non-load-bearing inner wall half-shells each form an inner wall between two room modules.

Although the individual parts of the in DE 10 2017 115 615 A1 prefabricate disclosed construction in a precast plant, but this prefabrication relates only to the separate components, namely the base plate, the module supports and the wall elements in the form of half-shells. The room modules themselves are not erected in a precast plant, but on site at the construction site. The realization of special safety requirements placed on the room modules is therefore only possible on the construction site and not in the precast plant. In addition, the in DE 10 2017 115 615 A1 disclosed inner shell of the room modules does not have a self-supporting body that can be produced separately from the skeleton structure of the building, but merely represents a structure that only arises at the construction site.

Out of U.S. 10,480,176 B2 discloses a space module for constructing a building, comprising a structural frame and stud frame wall panels attached thereto. Even with these room modules, the wall panels do not form an independently load-bearing construction that can first be preassembled and then inserted into the supporting frame.

Out of DE 10 2006 024 316 A1 discloses a room module, a building made up of room modules, and a method for producing such a room module. This room module should enable a more permanent use with a simple structural design and cost-effective production. It is preferably provided with a sanitary cell and can be used as a residential unit, for example as a one-room apartment. However, the walls of the room module are made of wood or a wood material. For the security-relevant accommodation of people or for the construction of a building such as a correctional facility, they are out DE 10 2006 024 316 A1 known room modules are therefore not suitable.

To get the off example off DE 10 2006 024 316 A1 prepare known room modules so that they meet the safety requirements in safety-relevant buildings, it is known to introduce steel sheets in the supporting structure instead of wood materials. Through this however, there are “soft” wall components in dry construction towards the interior, which allow manipulation in the long term. The alternative, room-side cladding of the drywall construction with sheet steel, on the other hand, cannot be proven with any proof of usability from the system manufacturer.

A further complication is that construction specifications in Germany have so far only been defined for solid buildings by the relevant ministries (e.g. Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Justice). In the state building standards and generally recognized rules of construction technology, constructions with the extensive use of sheet steel have so far been completely unknown. As a result, time-consuming and costly approvals are required in individual cases for all wall and ceiling constructions.

The object of the invention is therefore to propose a room module that is suitable with regard to the safety-relevant accommodation of people and at the same time can be produced easily and inexpensively. The object of the invention is also to propose a simple production method and a building based on such room modules.

This object is achieved by a room module having the features of claim 1, a manufacturing method having the features of claim 11 and a building having the features of claim 15.

The room module includes an outer primary structure with a module floor and module supports as well as an inner shell coupled to the primary structure. The inner shell has a body made of a high-strength material, preferably sheet steel or steel mesh. The module floor is preferably composed of profile elements, for example steel profiles. The profile elements are preferably welded to one another, but can also be connected in other ways, for example plugged together, screwed or riveted together.

The inner shell can be designed in the form of a body that is closed on all sides, but it can also have openings that remain free. For example, the bottom can be missing, so that the inner shell is constructed like a bell. It is essential that the inner shell is designed in the form of a self-supporting assembly. Due to the self-supporting construction, the inner shell can be manufactured independently of the primary structure. Prefabricated inner shells, and possibly prefabricated primary supporting structures, are also easy to transport and store. Furthermore, assembly and any necessary disassembly is made easier because the self-supporting components are very robust.

The self-supporting inner shell comprises a body made of a high-strength material, preferably sheet steel or steel mesh, and can be prefabricated separately from the primary structure. If required, namely when a complete room module is produced, it can be set up on the floor of the primary structure.

Such a construction has several advantages. In contrast to the state of the art, as for example from DE 10 2017 115 615 A1 is known, the primary structure and the inner shell can be prefabricated separately from each other in the invention. Due to the modular design of the assemblies, a high degree of prefabrication can be achieved, which enables a reduction in the work in the possibly safety-relevant construction site on site.

The modular construction also enables modular production, in which uniformly prefabricated primary supporting structures - or modular floors for primary supporting structures - can be combined with different inner shells. The different inner shells can, for example, be designed in such a way that they serve different purposes, for example sleeping, social or recreation rooms or their basic structures.

In addition, by separating the room module into assemblies, the separation of functional tasks of the building construction is structured more clearly. In particular, this makes it easier to test procedures and approvals under building law, for example by not carrying out individual approvals for inner shells, primary structures or complete room modules with the same equipment features, but rather one or more type approvals. In particular, it is also possible to combine a technically already tested and structurally approved primary structure with a special inner shell, which includes, for example, a sheet steel construction reinforced with ribs with additional insulation material required for fire protection.

There is also the possibility of erecting buildings for temporary use and putting them into operation. At the end of their service life, for example a period of use of several years, these can be dismantled, transported away, processed and used elsewhere for a new purpose.

Another advantage is the subsequent repair of a room in the event of damage (e.g. after a fire). Should the sheet steel shell warped, the damaged areas could be cut out and replaced with new panels. This would not be possible if the steel sheets were installed in a bond with the supporting structure.

In a special embodiment, the primary support structure is a prefabricated assembly that includes the module base and module supports that are already firmly connected to the module base in the assembly state. In this case, the primary structure has an upper opening through which the inner shell can be inserted into the primary structure. This increases the degree of prefabrication and reduces the time required to complete the room modules. To put it simply, a prefabricated inner shell is preferably inserted from above into a prefabricated primary structure. A sufficiently large clearance of the opening of the primary support structure in relation to the outer contour of the inner shell and a robust construction of the assemblies prevent unacceptable damage to the components during assembly.

The primary support structure preferably has an inner contour and the inner shell has an outer contour, which are adapted to one another and most preferably form a loose fit with one another. Any remaining gaps between the inner shell and the primary structure can be used to route supply lines (water, heating, cooling, air conditioning, air, electricity) and/or to install insulation and/or fire protection material.

One or more damping elements can be provided in order to decouple the primary structure and the inner shell from one another and to dampen the inner shell in relation to the primary structure. The damping elements are preferably designed as plastic, rubber or neoprene buffers. However, the damping elements can also be made from a material combination of plastic or rubber in connection with a steel carrier (rubber-metal buffer). On the one hand, the damping elements cause an acoustic separation of room modules coupled to one another and prevent the formation of sound bridges. On the other hand, they can absorb kinetic energy, such as impacts, and cushion shocks.

The inner shell, in particular its wall and/or cover elements, can be provided with a folded structure. Due to the folded structure, the area moment of inertia (or the moment of resistance) of the sheet increases significantly, since the distance between the edge fibers and the center of gravity increases many times over. Compared to an unfolded structure, this results in high strength and high load-bearing capacity with reduced use of material.

In order to further improve the strength of the inner shell, it can be coupled to support profiles of a framework, preferably welded, glued, riveted or screwed to the framework. The framework can thus form a frame that stabilizes the inner shell.

The inner shell preferably comprises an inner lining, which can be produced, for example, from building panels known in drywall construction. The interior paneling can be coupled to the body, for example by building panels being glued, riveted, screwed, nailed or otherwise attached to the body. The interior paneling makes the room module more homely, especially if the body is made of sheet steel. Viewed from the inside, a room module provided with an interior lining corresponds to a room module that could also be used in a hotel or apartment complex.

In order to avoid any damage caused by vandalism by the occupants of the safety-relevant room modules, the surface of the interior paneling is preferably of high-strength design or is provided with a high-strength coating or an additional laminate. The coating can be, for example, a 2K epoxy resin coating, a PUR coating, a GRP coating or a 2K PUR anti-graffiti paint based on powder and/or wet paint, the special feature of which is that graffiti can be removed easily and without leaving any residue is. Even after repeated cleaning with aggressive graffiti removers, the visual appearance of the coating remains unchanged.

The inner shell can be surrounded by an insulating shell, which can preferably be attached to the inner shell in the prefabricated state using suitable fastening means. For example, the inner shell can have spot-welded plate holders on the outside of the room, which are also referred to as point holders, with which the insulating material can be attached. The insulating shell formed by the insulating material is preferably designed in such a way that it represents both sound and heat insulation and also assumes fire protection functions. In particular, an insulating material based on non-combustible stone wool can be provided. Stone wool has a temperature resistance of more than 1,000° Celsius and is therefore well suited to preventing or at least making it more difficult for flames to spread and spread to neighboring room modules in the event of a fire.

In order to close the room module after placing the inner shell on the module base and mounting the module struts, or after inserting the inner shell into a preassembled primary structure, a module ceiling can be provided to cover the opening of the primary structure. The module ceiling can be an independent assembly that can also be prefabricated independently of the primary supporting structure and inner shell and is placed like a cover on the opening provided in the primary supporting structure during assembly.

The room module can include a functional unit for the water and/or heating and/or electrical and/or ventilation supply. This functional unit can also be designed in the form of a prefabricated, independent assembly. Put simply, the room module according to the invention comprises several individual modules, in particular a primary supporting structure and an inner shell, but other assemblies such as a modular ceiling, the functional unit mentioned or interior elements (bed, cupboard, desk, etc.) can also be provided optionally and depending on requirements.

Furthermore, the room module can have a wet cell with a toilet and/or shower and/or washing facility. This wet cell can also be prefabricated as an assembly and can be inserted into the room module.

In order to meet the safety-related requirements, the room module also has an appropriately designed access door. This access door is a special door with a special locking system adapted to the security level of the room module. Likewise, the room module can have window modules adapted to the security requirements with a grille integrated into the window module or connected to the window module.

• - zumindest der Modulboden des Primärtragwerks und die Innenhülle separat voneinander hergestellt und bereitgestellt werden,
• - und danach die vorgefertigte Innenhülle auf den vorgefertigten Modulboden aufgesetzt und Innenhülle und Modulboden zu einer Einheit zusammengebaut werden.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for producing a room module, which includes a primary supporting structure with a module floor and module supports and an inner shell, and in which initially

• - at least the module floor of the primary structure and the inner shell are manufactured and provided separately from each other,
• - And then the prefabricated inner shell is placed on the prefabricated module base and the inner shell and module base are assembled into one unit.

Both the module base of the primary supporting structure and the inner shell can already be equipped with additional components before the assembly of the two assemblies with one another, or before the inner shell is placed on the module base. For example, the inner shell can already have an inner lining. An essential feature of the invention is that there are initially two separate subassemblies, of which one subassembly includes the module floor—or the primary support structure with module base—and the other subassembly includes the inner shell. It is essential that these two assemblies are initially manufactured separately from one another and connected to one another in a subsequent work step.

If the inner shell is placed on a module base without preassembled module supports, the module supports are coupled to the base, preferably welded, after the inner shell has been placed on the module base. The subsequent attachment of the module supports has the advantage that the inner shell only has to be lifted slightly during assembly in order to be placed on the module floor. After placing the inner shell, the module supports can be mounted or welded to the module base.

Alternatively, it is also possible to first assemble the module base and module supports to produce the primary supporting structure assembly and to insert the inner shell at a later point in time through an opening in the primary supporting structure that remains after the module supports have been attached and to set it down on its module base. Such an embodiment of the manufacturing method has the advantage that the degree of prefabrication is increased and the time required for the complete assembly of the primary supporting structure and the inner shell is reduced.

The primary structure preferably completely encloses the inner shell after it has been inserted. However, it can also be provided that the primary structure initially only partially encloses the inner shell. For example, the primary structure can be provided with half-height module supports so that it only half surrounds the inner shell after insertion. In this case, the other half of the module supports can be attached after inserting the inner shell. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the part of the module supports missing on the lower part is integrated into a module ceiling provided to cover the opening, so that the module supports are completely formed by placing the module ceiling on the primary supporting structure.

As already mentioned, the opening of the primary supporting structure can be closed with the mentioned module ceiling in the form of an independent process step after the inner shell has been inserted. After placing the module ceiling, the Raummo dul then an overall unit that, analogous to the assemblies from which it is made, can also be prefabricated, easily transported, stored and assembled as required.

Complex buildings can be produced from the room modules according to the invention, which in particular meet the security requirements required for a correctional facility.

Further measures improving the invention are presented in more detail below with the description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures.

• 1 zeigt ein Raummodul vor Einbau einer Innenhülle in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
• 2 zeigt ein Gebäude mit einer Vielzahl von Raummodulen;
• 3 zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung eines Raummoduls (ohne Inneneinrichtung);
• 4 zeigt ein Raummodul gemäß 1, jedoch mit Innenhülle, in einer Draufsicht (Schnittdarstellung);
• 5 zeigt einen Ausschnitt A1 aus 4;
• 6 zeigt eine Prinzipdarstellung zur Herstellung eines Raummoduls.

The figures show:

• 1 shows a room module before installation of an inner shell in a perspective view;
• 2 shows a building with a plurality of room modules;
• 3 shows an exploded view of a room module (without interior);
• 4 shows a room module according to FIG 1 , but with an inner shell, in a plan view (sectional view);
• 5 shows a detail A1 4 ;
• 6 shows a basic representation for the production of a room module.

The same or similar elements can be provided with the same or similar reference symbols in the following figures. Furthermore, the figures of the drawing, their description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. It is clear to a person skilled in the art that these features can also be considered individually or that they can be combined to form further combinations that are not described in detail here. The invention expressly also extends to those embodiments which are not given by combinations of features from explicit back references of the claims, whereby the disclosed features of the invention can be combined with one another as desired, insofar as this is technically meaningful. The exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures are therefore only of a descriptive nature and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

The terms used below: "upper", "above", "lower", "left" or "right" refer to the arrangement of the components shown in the drawing.

1 shows a room module 10 without an inner shell in a perspective view. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the room module 10 essentially comprises an area for an accommodation room 45 and a corridor area 46. Of course, other embodiments are also possible, for example a room module 10 which comprises two opposite accommodation rooms and a corridor arranged between them. What is essential to the invention is not the spatial design, but the integration of at least one self-supporting inner shell 12 with a body 13 made of a high-strength material in the room module 10.

The space module 10 preferably has dimensions that allow it to be transported by truck. The room modules 10 are thus preferably not manufactured at the construction site intended for a building to be erected, but are prefabricated separately in an industrial manner. On the one hand, this enables cost-effective series production and, on the other hand, the construction time required to erect a building 100 at the construction site is considerably reduced.

2 shows a building 100 composed of room modules 10. The interior of the room modules 10 is variable. The building 100 therefore generally has room modules 10 that are provided for different functional purposes, such as accommodation rooms, social rooms, administration rooms, etc. The building 100 does not have to consist entirely of room modules 10, but can also be created in a conventional manner, for example Stone built, areas include.

3 shows an example room module 10 in an exploded view. For the sake of clarity, the individual modules are partially simplified, for example without fasteners.

The room module 10 includes an inner shell 12 with a body 13 which, in the present exemplary embodiment, is made of sheet steel 39, which is adapted to the safety requirements of the respective room module 10 in terms of its strength and thickness. The steel sheet 39 preferably has a thickness between 3 millimeters and 10 millimeters, most preferably between 4 millimeters and 6 millimeters. The steel sheet can be formed flat or have another contour, for example a folded contour in the form of a trapezoidal sheet (not shown). It is also possible to use a lattice structure instead of a flat steel sheet.

The body 13 of the inner shell 12 has four wall elements 18, a ceiling element 19 and a floor element 20 in the illustrated embodiment. Alternatively, it is also possible to Inner shell 12 without a bottom element 20 to manufacture. In this case, the function of the floor element 20 is taken over by the screed or a concrete floor, so that the safety requirements of the room module 10 are guaranteed overall in this version as well.

Whether all wall, ceiling and floor surfaces are made of sheet steel 39 depends on the safety requirements of the room module to be manufactured. It is also possible that, for example, the floor element 20 is formed only by supporting profiles 21, because the safety requirements can be satisfied by a special floor, for example a screed 37. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the body 13 is reinforced overall by a stud frame 22 made from the support profiles 21 mentioned.

The room module 10 also includes a primary supporting structure 11 which has at least one module floor 41 . The module base 41 can be made of steel, concrete or a combination of steel and concrete, for example. Furthermore, module supports 30 are provided in the exemplary embodiment shown, which carry a module ceiling 25 .

As already mentioned above, the inner shell 12 can be designed in different ways. What the possible embodiments of the inner shell 12 have in common, however, is that they have a self-supporting structure and can be produced independently of other assemblies, in particular independently of the module base 41 or of the primary supporting structure 11 .

The inner shell 12 can have an inner lining 23 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the interior paneling 23 is made of building boards 29, as are known, for example, from dry construction trades. The inner lining 23 can be attached in the prefabrication stage, ie before the inner shell 12 is placed on the module base 41 . However, it can also be attached after the inner shell 12 has already been placed on the module base 41 and, if necessary, firmly mounted on it.

A screed 37 with a floor covering 38 is applied to the floor element 20 of the inner shell 12 . Analogous to the inner paneling 23, the screed 37 can also be applied to the module base 41 before or after the inner shell 12 is placed, as required.

In the illustrated embodiment, the primary structure 11 has an open wall structure. There are no closed walls, only the module supports 30 which, in conjunction with flat steel strips 44 provided for reinforcement, indicate wall contours. After the module base 41 and the inner shell 12 have been manufactured independently of one another, the inner shell 12 is placed on the module base 41 in the next assembly step. The module supports 30 are then mounted around the inner shell 12 on the module base. However, since the primary support structure 11 and the inner shell 12 are independent of one another, it is also possible first to mount the module supports 30 on the module base 41 and then to place the inner shell 12 on the module base 41 . Since the primary support structure 11 is an assembly that is open at the side and at the top, the inner shell 12 can be inserted through an opening 14 that remains on the top or on the side of the primary support structure 11 after the module supports 30 have been installed. It is also possible to mount individual wall or ceiling panels outside the inner shell after inserting the inner shell into the.

The module floor 41 of the primary supporting structure 11 and also the module ceiling 25 provided to cover the room module 10 comprise the base area of an accommodation space 45 and a corridor area 46 in the exemplary embodiment shown. The corridor area 46 is dimensioned such that it forms half a corridor, so that in a Coupling of two room modules 10 on the front side of the corridor results in a building segment from facade to facade with two accommodation rooms 45 and a corridor in between. As already mentioned above, other configurations with regard to the interior design of the room module 10 are also possible.

The module floor 41 and the module ceiling 25 are insulated and planked with mineral wool, breakthroughs are lined with fire protection technology if necessary.

If the room module 10 is designed in such a way that one side forms an outer facade in the fully assembled state of the building 100 , a secondary supporting structure 36 , a window 34 and a facade element 35 can be provided on the facade side 47 . Secondary support structure 36 and/or windows 34 and/or facade element 35 can be attached to the module base 41 before the inner shell 12 is placed, if required. If it makes sense for work economy or other reasons to first place the inner shell 12 on the module base 41 and to attach a secondary supporting structure 36 and/or the window 34 and/or the facade element 35 at a later point in time, this is also possible. A prefabricated wall component can also be provided as an inner wall with its own secondary supporting structure towards the corridor or towards a lateral outer wall.

Damping elements 17 in the form of rubber buffers are attached between the primary support structure 11 and the inner shell 12, preferably between the module base 41 and the base element 20 of the inner shell 12. The damping elements 17 decouple the inner shell 12 in terms of sound and vibration from the primary supporting structure 11.

In the fully assembled state, the ceiling of the room module 10 is formed by the module ceiling 25. The module ceiling 25 has a frame 48 made of support profiles 31 .

The inner shell 12 is surrounded by an insulating shell 24 made of insulating material 49, which in the present case is rock wool with a temperature resistance of more than 1,000 degrees Celsius. The insulating shell 24 is functionally fixed to the inner shell with point fasteners 53 (cf. 5 ).

4 shows a room module 10 according to FIG 1 , but with inner shell 12, in a plan view in a sectional view. The section runs through a horizontal center plane of the room module 10. The inner shell assembly 12 is located within the primary supporting structure 11 assembly. The area for the accommodation space 45 is surrounded by the module supports 30 on its wall sides. The open wall contour formed by the module supports 30 has a rectangular inner contour 15 in the exemplary embodiment shown, which is slightly larger than the outer contour 16 of the inner shell 12 when viewed from above. The distance between the two contours 15, 16 is 20 millimeters in the exemplary embodiment shown. so that the upper opening 14 of the primary supporting structure 11 is large enough to insert the inner shell 12 through the opening 14 into the primary supporting structure 11 and set it down on the module base 41 .

4 FIG. 12 also shows a wet room 27 arranged in the accommodation space 45 and a functional unit 26 adjoining the wet room 27. In the wet room 27, depending on the profile of requirements, a washbasin, toilet and shower are accommodated. The functional unit 26 is designed in the form of an independent assembly and includes electrical, water and ventilation lines.

The accommodation space 45 also has a door opening 32 with an access door 28 and a window opening 33 with a window 34 . The access door 28 and the window 34 are adapted to the security requirements of the room module 10 .

5 shows a detail A1 4 . The primary support structure 11 is spaced apart from the inner shell 12 by a loose fit 42 that is approximately 20 millimeters to 50 millimeters wide, as seen in a plan view. The inner shell 12 has a body 13 made of sheet steel 39 which is lined with an inner lining 23 towards the inside 50 of the room. The interior paneling 23 is formed from building panels 29 which are provided with a high-strength coating 43 . Fastening struts 40 are attached to the outside of the body 13 . The fastening struts 40 serve to stiffen the inner shell 12 and give it additional stability.

6 shows a basic representation for the production of the room module 10.

In order to manufacture the Iraumoduls 10, three separate assemblies are first produced in the exemplary embodiment shown in a production workshop. These are the module floor 41 of the primary supporting structure 11, the body 13 of the inner shell 12 and the module ceiling 25. To produce the assemblies, for example made of steel, the supplied steel parts, in particular the support profiles 21, 30 and 31, are used according to a project-specific static calculation flat steel strips 44 provided for stiffening, the steel sheets 39 for the body 13 and, if necessary, the fastening struts 40 provided for fastening the insulating sleeve are cut to the intended dimensions. The assemblies can be prefabricated independently of one another in terms of time and space.

To create the inner shell 12 , wall elements 18 are made from folded sheet steel blanks and are welded to a sheet steel ceiling panel, which forms the ceiling element 19 . The wall elements 18 are produced according to project-specific construction drawings and static calculations and can be erected in a rigid manner, for example, by means of welded steel profiles or folded folds. The wall elements 18 are assembled with pre-punched outlets for media inlets and tight joints in the corner areas, with damping bearings 17 being able to be provided for soundproofing if required. The resulting steel shell is covered with an insulating shell 24 made of rock wool. As a result, the module structure of the inner shell 12 receives complete fire protection. Breakthroughs, such as pre-punched outlets for media inlets and any joints in the corner areas, are lined with fire protection technology if necessary.

The wall elements 18 which are interlocked with one another receive a sheet steel cover plate 19 which is welded to the wall elements 18 .

Production is based on project-specific construction drawings and their static calculation or on the basis of project-independent serial parts. The required flexural rigidity can be achieved by appropriately dimensioned material and/or by welded steel profiles or folded folds.

After providing a module base 41 - or, if applicable, a primary supporting structure 11 already equipped with module supports 30 - and an inner shell 12, the inner shell 12 is set down with a suitable lifting device, for example a crane system, in the direction of arrow 52 on the module base 41 and on pre-assembled damping elements 17.

At the in 6 illustrated embodiment, the inner shell 12 is placed through the opening 14 in the primary supporting structure 11. In addition, media lines (e.g. electrical, EDP, drinking water, heating flow and return, ventilation) are drawn into the outlets provided, which are also secured against fire protection.

All media lines are brought together in the functional unit 26 provided on the corridor side for each individual room. In a further production step, the module ceiling 25 is placed on the primary support structure 11 in the direction of the arrow 51 . The resulting inner shell 12 is lined with insulating material 49 made of rock wool (cf. 3 ) to ensure complete fire protection of the module structure. To attach the insulating material 49, point fasteners 53 are preferably attached to the outside of the inner shell 12, for example welded on.

Depending on the preselected room module equipment variant, cement or gypsum-bonded building panels 29 are applied to the prepared steel walls and ceilings inside the inner shell 12 to create the inner lining 23 . The raw floor is applied with a screed 37 on an insulating layer. The window 34 can be mounted in parallel.

The access door 28 is inserted on the corridor side and the functional unit 26 with the shut-off fittings and control valves is completed. The corridor wall can then be clad, and the facade construction is also provided with weather protection before the facade element 35 including the secondary support structure 36 is installed after the module has been installed.

Inside the room, especially in the accommodation room 45 and in the corridor area 46, the surface finish can now be done: in addition to the fine installation of the technical trades, painting, tiling and floor covering work is taking place. In addition, depending on the preselected equipment, the wet cell 27 is separated with an HPL wall construction. The room module 10, which is prefabricated as far as possible, then leaves the prefabrication plant in order to be set up and finally assembled on site in the construction site.

• - raumseitig bekleidete Oberfläche mit einer Beschichtung 43 (Spachtelung, ggf. Tapete, Anstrich) („FINISH“);
• - Bauplatte 29 (z.B. zementgebunden, gipsgebunden) als nichtbrennbare Wandinnenbekleidung 23 („ROHBAU“);
• - Stahlblech 39, gegebenenfalls inklusive gekanteter Rippen bzw. aufgeschweißter Stahltragprofile und Befestigungsstreben 40;
• - Dämmhülle 24 mit Dämmmaterial 49 aus Steinwolle inkl. Punkthalter („BRANDSCHUTZ“);
• - Primärtragwerk 11, umfassend Modulstützen 30 aus Stahlwalzprofilen inkl. Fertigungsprimer und aussteifenden Flachstahlbändern 44 („TRAGWERK“);
• - Folienverkleidung in der Trennfuge zu anderen Raummodulen 10 beziehungsweise zum Sekundärtragwerk 36 für die Fassadenelemente 35 an der Modulaußenwand („FASSADE“).

The layer structure of the wall and ceiling construction of a room module 10 is as follows (on the room side from inside to outside, cf. also 5 ):

• - surface clad on the room side with a coating 43 (filling, possibly wallpaper, painting) ("FINISH");
• - Building panel 29 (e.g. cement-bound, gypsum-bound) as non-combustible inner wall cladding 23 ("shell");
• - Sheet steel 39, optionally including canted ribs or welded steel support profiles and fastening struts 40;
• - Insulating shell 24 with insulating material 49 made of rock wool incl. point holder ("FIRE PROTECTION");
• - Primary supporting structure 11, comprising module supports 30 made of rolled steel profiles including production primer and stiffening flat steel strips 44 ("SUPPORTING STRUCTURE");
• - Foil cladding in the parting line to other room modules 10 or to the secondary structure 36 for the facade elements 35 on the module outer wall ("FASSADE").

• - Bodenbelag 38 inkl. Sockelleiste zur Wand („FINISH“);
• - Estrich 37 (z.B. Zementestrich oder Trockenestrich) auf Dämmung („BRANDSCHUTZ“);
• - Modulboden 41, zum Beispiel Stahlrahmenelement mit oberseitiger Bekleidung (z.B. OSB-Platte oder Trapezblech) und ggf. Dämpfungsauflager 17 im Bereich der aufgehenden Stahlhülle („TRAGWERK“).

The layer structure in the floor is carried out as follows:

• - Floor covering 38 incl. skirting board to the wall ("FINISH");
• - Screed 37 (e.g. cement screed or dry screed) on insulation ("FIRE PROTECTION");
• - Module floor 41, for example a steel frame element with cladding on the upper side (eg OSB panel or trapezoidal sheet metal) and, if necessary, damping supports 17 in the area of the rising steel shell (“LOAD STRUCTURE”).

The room modules 10 according to the invention are suitable for installation in one- and multi-storey buildings 100 and take into account the safety-relevant requirements both with regard to the people accommodated in these room modules themselves and with regard to the protection of society from these people. It is particularly advantageous that the individual functional areas of surface finish, safety, fire protection and supporting structure are functionally separate separated and placed entirely or at least partially in stacked cases.

The self-supporting construction of the inner shell 12, which is preferably made of steel and surrounded by insulating material 49, enables a separation of the inner shell 12 and the primary supporting structure 11 surrounding the inner shell 12.

Reference List

10

room module

11

primary structure

12

inner sleeve

13

body

14

opening

15

Inner Contour (of 11)

16

Outline (of 12)

17

damping element

18

wall panel (of 12)

19

ceiling element (of 12)

20

floor element (of 12)

21

support profile (of 12)

22

stud frame

23

interior panelling

24

insulation sleeve

25

modular ceiling

26

functional unit

27

wet room

28

access door

29

build plate

30

Module support (of 11)

31

Support profile (of 25)

32

doorway

33

window opening

34

window

35

facade element

36

Secondary Structure (for 35)

37

screed

38

flooring

39

sheet steel

40

mounting braces

41

Module floor (of 11)

42

clearance fit

43

Coating (of 23)

44

flat steel strip

45

accommodation space

46

hallway area

47

facade side

48

frames (of 25)

49

insulation material

50

room inside

51

arrow direction

52

arrow direction

53

point holder

100

building

A1

cutout

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• DE 102017115615 A1 [0006, 0007, 0017]
• US 10480176 B2 [0008]
• DE 102006024316 A1 [0009, 0010]

Claims (15)

Room module (10) for a building (100), comprising: - a primary supporting structure (11) with a module floor (41) and module supports (30) and - an inner shell (12), which in the fully assembled room module (10) within the primary supporting structure ( 11), characterized in that: - the inner shell (12) is a self-supporting assembly that can be produced independently of the primary supporting structure (11), - the inner shell (12) has a body (13) made of a high-strength material, preferably sheet steel or steel mesh , Includes and - the inner shell (12) on the module floor (41) of the primary structure (11) can be set up. Room module (10) after claim 1 , characterized in that the primary structure (11) comprising the module base (41) and the module supports (30) has an upper opening (14) through which the inner shell (12) can be inserted into the outer primary structure (11). Room module (10) after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the primary structure (11) has an inner contour (15) and the inner shell (12) has an outer contour (16), and the inner contour (15) of the primary structure (11) to the outer contour (16) of the inner shell (12) is adapted and both contours (15, 16) preferably form a loose fit with each other. Room module (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the primary support structure (11) and the inner shell (12) are decoupled from one another by at least one damping element (17), the damping element (17) preferably being designed as a plastic, rubber or neoprene buffer. Room module (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 4 , characterized in that the inner shell (12) comprises at least one wall element (18) and/or a ceiling element (19) and/or a floor element (20) with a folded structure. Room module (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the inner shell (12) is coupled to supporting profiles (21) of a framework (22), preferably welded, glued, riveted or screwed to the framework (22). Room module (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 6 , characterized in that the inner shell (12) comprises an inner lining (23) which is preferably coupled to the body (13). Room module (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that the inner shell (12) is surrounded by an insulating shell (24). Room module (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that a module ceiling (25) is provided to cover the opening (14) of the primary supporting structure (11). Room module (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 9 , characterized in that the room module (10) comprises a functional unit (26) for the water and/or heating and/or electrical and/or ventilation supply. Method for producing a room module (10), which comprises a primary supporting structure (11) with a module floor (41) and module supports (30) and an inner shell (12), characterized in that - at least the module floor of the primary supporting structure (11) and the inner shell (12) are manufactured and provided separately from one another, - the prefabricated inner shell (12) is placed on the prefabricated module base (41) and the inner shell (12) and module base (41) are assembled into one unit. Method for producing a room module (10). claim 11 , characterized in that after the inner shell (12) has been placed on the module base (41), the module supports (30) are coupled, preferably welded, to the module base (41). Method for producing a room module (10). claim 11 , characterized in that before the inner shell (12) is placed on the module base (41), the module supports (30) are coupled to the module base (41) and the inner shell (12) is opened through an opening (14 ) is inserted into the primary structure (11) and placed on its module base (41). Method for producing a room module (10) according to one of Claims 11 until 13 , characterized in that the opening (14) of the primary structure (111) is closed with a module cover (25) after the insertion of the inner shell (12). Building (100) comprising a plurality of room modules (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 10 and / or comprising a plurality of space modules (10) according to a method of Claims 11 until 14 have been manufactured.

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