DE102020134990B4 - Weld and/or weld preparation measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

Weld and/or weld preparation measuring device (1) for manually measuring the geometry of a weld (2) or a weld preparation (3), comprising:- a housing (4) with a top (5) and a bottom (6), wherein the housing (4) has a longitudinal axis (L) and a transverse axis (Q) perpendicular thereto,- a light-emitting element (11) which is arranged in the housing (4) and which is designed to emit a light beam (12) which extends in the direction of the transverse axis (Q) over a predetermined width and which is aligned at an angle (α) to the direction of the longitudinal axis (L),- an optic (13, 14) which is formed on the weld seam (2nd ) and/or directing the light beam (12) impinging on the weld seam preparation (3) onto a projection surface (15) which is formed on the housing (4), preferably on its upper side (5), characterized in that the housing (4 ) Arranged at least two on its underside (6). designated support rails (7, 8), wherein the support rails (7, 8) are designed to rest on two components (9, 10) that are to be welded or are welded together and wherein a transparent measuring scale (16 ) is arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a weld seam and/or weld seam preparation measuring device for manually measuring the geometry of a weld seam or a weld seam preparation, comprising a housing with an upper side and a lower side, the housing having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis perpendicular thereto, a light-emitting element which is arranged in the housing and which is designed to emit a light beam which extends in the direction of the transverse axis over a predetermined width and which is oriented at an angle to the direction of the longitudinal axis, and optics which are designed to be positioned on the weld seam and / or directing the light beam impinging on the weld seam preparation onto a projection surface which is formed on the housing, preferably on its upper side.

A generic device is in the DE 36 87 612 T2 described. To locate a seam on an elongated seam-welded pipe, the reflected image of a laser beam is captured by a camera and evaluated. Similar solutions are shown in JP S59 108 903 A and the JP 2006 234 781 A .

In welding technology, it is necessary to check the dimensions and the cross-sectional geometry of the manufactured weld seam during non-destructive visual inspection (according to ISO 5817 or ISO 10024) and to check them according to the permissible values. Both in the workshop and on the construction site, it is therefore necessary to have a simple tool available to determine the existing seam geometry.

the U.S. 3,597,848 A discloses a gauge with which the surface of the weld seam can be scanned and the given surface geometry can be recorded. A similar solution is shown in DE 633 512 A , which works on the same principle and, in particular, can also detect asymmetrical seam shapes. Other similar solutions disclose the DE 10 2017 000 491 A1 and the DE 20 2011 107 184 U1 , which in turn work on the same principle.

The previously known welding seam gauges usually assume a simple symmetrical fillet seam at the 90° T-joint as a flat seam. These measure the seam thickness either in the middle or at the edge, where errors in the measurement can occur due to the possible different weld seam surfaces (fillet seam convex, concave, asymmetrical and misshapen). In particular, measuring a fillet weld in a T-joint with an angle that is not right is problematic or not possible.

In addition, there is sometimes the problem that reading the measured value is complicated. The measurement is also made more difficult by the fact that additional acceptance criteria (according to ISO 5817 or ISO 10042) apply, which require additional measuring equipment.

Another problem with previously known measuring devices is that quality documentation is difficult.

In the case of measuring the seam preparation, sometimes only the angle of the same can be determined. The depth of the seam preparation can only be determined on the individual part, but not in the combination of the components to be connected. There may be deviations here due to inaccuracies and delays from prefabrication.

The invention is based on the object of developing a measuring device of the type mentioned above in such a way that the disadvantages described are avoided. It should be possible to measure weld seams and weld seam preparations of any shape in a simple and precise manner. The measurement should be able to be carried out in a simple manner, without special specialist knowledge being required for this purpose. After all, the documentation of the measurement result should be easy.

The solution to this problem provided by the invention provides that the housing has at least two support rails arranged on its underside, with the support rails being designed to rest on two components that are to be welded or welded together and with a transparent measuring scale being arranged in the area of the optics.

The angle is preferably 45°.

The light-emitting element is preferably a laser element, in particular a line laser module. This emits laser light along a plane over a specified width.

The measuring scale is preferably arranged to be exchangeable. The measuring scale preferably has a number of lines arranged parallel to one another at a predetermined distance.

The optics preferably consist of two deflection prisms, the two deflection prisms preferably having an essentially triangular cross-section, viewed in the direction of the transverse axis exhibit. The measuring scale is preferably arranged between the two deflection prisms.

A camera can be arranged or can be arranged in the area of the upper side of the housing. In this way, quality documentation of the weld seam or weld seam preparation is possible in a simple manner.

The housing preferably has an essentially cuboid shape, with the cuboid in particular having a flattening at its one end region.

The device also preferably has an energy supply, in particular a battery, for the electrical supply of the light-emitting element.

The proposed solution lends itself well to manual measurement of welds and weld preparations, which can be done in a simple manner.

As explained, a line laser beam is used to measure the weld seam or seam preparation, whereby a real cross-sectional image is generated by a light section perpendicular to the axis of the weld seam or seam preparation at an angle of inclination (preferably 45°). This makes it possible, when viewing the seam or seam preparation perpendicularly from above, to show the viewer the necessary dimensions in a simple manner. The various seam dimensions can then be determined here using (preferably interchangeable) scales.

The representation mentioned does not show the cross-section at the measured point, but by moving the device in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the seam, the representation of the corresponding geometric unevenness of the surface hit by the light beam is obtained at each point.

It is advantageous that the angle between the components is not decisive in the device. This can be adjusted alone with a corresponding exchangeable or adjustable scale.

Furthermore, the symmetry of the seams can be easily read using additional measuring lines on the measuring scale.

Reading the measured value is very easy after a short briefing, so that no special knowledge is required.

The additional measured values required to assess the seam can be easily read in the same way when using the proposed device.

With the optional provision of a camera, corresponding photos can be taken of the existing real seam geometry, which greatly simplifies the quality documentation. Provision can also be made for the recorded geometry to be evaluated using a corresponding computer application (app).

Similarly to the display of the seam surface, the seam preparation and shaping before welding can also be recorded and displayed. The angle and depth of the preparation can be measured using a suitable scale.

It also applies here that photos of the existing real seam preparation geometry can be taken by optionally providing a camera. Again, an app can be used for the evaluation.

The proposed device can also be used, for example, to measure sealant joints.

The dimensions of the acceptance standards (e.g. ISO 5817 or ISO 10042) can thus advantageously be measured with a single device during the visual inspection.

Butt welds, fillet welds and weld preparations can be measured.

In the case of T-joints of the components, the components can be measured in an acute, right-angled and obtuse-angled arrangement.

• 1 zeigt die Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung zum Vermessen einer Schweißnaht bzw. einer Schweißnahtvorbereitung, die auf zwei miteinander im T-Stoß verschweißten Bauteilen aufgesetzt ist,
• 2 zeigt den Schnitt F-F gemäß 1, d. h. die geschnittene Vorderansicht der Anordnung,
• 3 zeigt die zu 1 zugehörige Draufsicht,
• 4 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung der Vorrichtung sowie der Bauteile gemäß den 1 bis 3,
• 5a zeigt schematisch in der Seitenansicht den von der Vorrichtung ausgesendeten Lichtstrahl und dessen Auftreffen auf einer Schweißnahtvorbereitung (Schnitt B-B gemäß 7a),
• 5b zeigt schematisch die Darstellung gemäß 5a bei der Vermessung einer Stumpfnaht (Schnitt B-B gemäß 7b),
• 5c zeigt schematisch die Darstellung gemäß 5a bei der Vermessung einer Kehlnaht (Schnitt B-B gemäß 7c),
• 6a, 6b und 6c zeigen schematisch die zu den 5a, 5b und 5c zugehörigen perspektivischen Darstellungen,
• 7a, 7b und 7c zeigen schematisch die zu den 5a, 5b und 5c zugehörigen Draufsichten und
• 8a, 8b und 8c zeigen schematisch die zu den 5a, 5b und 5c zugehörigen Vorderansichten (Schnitte C-C, D-D und E-E gemäß 7).

In the drawing an embodiment of the invention is shown.

• 1 shows the side view of a device for measuring a weld seam or a weld seam preparation, which is placed on two components welded together in a T-joint,
• 2 shows the section FF according to 1, i.e. the sectional front view of the assembly,
• 3 shows the to 1 associated top view,
• 4 shows a perspective view of the device and the components according to the 1 until 3 ,
• 5a shows schematically in side view the light emitted by the device beam and its impingement on a weld seam preparation (section BB according to 7a ),
• 5b shows schematically the representation according to FIG 5a when measuring a butt weld (section BB according to 7b ),
• 5c shows schematically the representation according to FIG 5a when measuring a fillet weld (section BB according to 7c ),
• 6a , 6b and 6c show schematically the to the 5a , 5b and 5c associated perspective representations,
• 7a , 7b and 7c show schematically the to the 5a , 5b and 5c associated plan views and
• 8a , 8b and 8c show schematically the to the 5a , 5b and 5c associated front views (sections CC, DD and EE according to 7 ).

In the 1 until 4 a measuring device 1 for measuring a weld seam or a weld seam preparation can be seen in various views (side view, front view, top view and perspective view). The measuring device 1 is placed on two components 9 and 10 at this point, which are connected to one another via a weld seam 2 . The measuring device 1 is used to measure the geometry of the weld seam 2 produced.

The measuring device 1 has a housing 4 with an upper side 5 and an underside 6, which is essentially cuboid in shape. Two support rails 7 and 8 running parallel to one another are arranged on the underside 6 and are intended to be placed on the components 9 , 10 in the area of the weld seam 2 . The housing 4 is provided with a cover.

The measuring device 1 has a longitudinal axis L and a transverse axis Q running perpendicular thereto. The longitudinal axis L corresponds to the course of the longitudinal extent of the weld seam 2 to be measured.

The measurement of weld seam 2 (or a weld seam preparation 3, see here 5a , 6a , 7a and 8a ) takes place by a light section which is generated by light which is generated by a light-emitting element 11 in the form of a line laser module. The light-emitting element 11 is installed in the housing 4 in such a way that the light beam extends over a certain width in the direction of the transverse axis Q and emerges downwards at an angle α of 45° to the longitudinal direction L of the housing 4 (see Fig. 1 ). The light beam is in 1 marked with the reference numeral 12. The light-emitting element 11 is powered by a power supply 17 housed in the case 4; this also applies to the required electronics. The housing 4 is embodied symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis L or a vertical plane extending along it. In its front area, the cuboid structure is flattened (due to the deflection prism 13, see below).

As best seen in the synopsis of 3 and 4 can be seen, this results in an impingement point 18 for the light (light section), which enables the surface of the weld seam 2 to be measured.

For this purpose, the light that is reflected by the impact point 18 (see reference number 19 in the 1 , 2 and 4 ) detected by an optics 13, 14, which consists of two deflection prisms, as shown in 1 emerges. Corresponding lines indicate there how the image of the light section 18 is first deflected from the vertical to the horizontal by the first deflection prism 13 and from there it reaches the second deflection prism 14 . This deflects the image from the horizontal upwards to the vertical and projects it onto a projection surface 15 which is located on the upper side 5 of the housing 4 .

The image of the light section 18 shown on the projection surface 15 is in the 3 and 4 to recognize.

A measuring scale 16 is arranged between the two deflection prisms 13, 14, which is exchangeable and can be inserted between the two prisms from above. The measuring scale 16 has a number of lines running parallel to one another (for example at a distance of 1.0 millimeter) so that the surface of the weld seam 2 can be quantitatively recorded directly on the projection surface 15 .

In 3 is given here as to how the dimension for the height a of the weld seam 2 and for the width b of the same (see 2 ) is represented on the projection surface 15 and can be easily read here using the measuring scale 16.

For the purpose of documenting the measurement result, a camera can be placed and fixed above the projection surface 15, which is not shown, in order to capture the measurement result photographically.

A light beam 12 exiting downwards at 45° to the horizontal is thus generated by the line laser module 11, so that the resulting laser beam plane is transverse to the longitudinal direction Q axis L of the housing 4 is formed. This then exits the housing 4 downwards.

The housing 4 can be placed on the joining parts 9 , 10 parallel and symmetrically to the weld seam 2 by means of the two support rails 7 , 8 . With a T-joint arrangement of the parts to be joined, the parallel alignment is automatically established.

The visible light section 18 of the weld seam 2 or seam preparation 3 that is now produced is directed via the optics 13, 14 onto the projection surface 15 and can be viewed or measured here.

The device 1 is advantageously portable and can be used anywhere without any problems.

Charging sockets and communication interfaces can also be integrated in the housing 4 .

The application of the device 1 described in various welds or weld preparation is from the further 5 until 8th evident.

In 5a , 5b and 5c are respective side views (analogous to 1 ) to see where in the 5a and 5b however, only the light-emitting element 11 is shown. In 5a a weld preparation can be seen during 5b a butt weld and 5c shows a fillet weld.

In the 6a , 6b and 6c the associated perspective views can be seen, from which in particular the point of impact 18 (ie the light section) can be seen when the weld seam preparation ( 6a ) or the weld seam ( 6b and 6c ) is hit by the light beam 12 and that image is generated, which is transmitted via the optics to the projection surface.

the 7a , 7b and 7c show the corresponding corresponding plan views and the 8a , 8b and 8c the corresponding corresponding front views.

Reference List

1

Weld and/or weld preparation measuring device

2

Weld

3

weld preparation

4

Housing

5

top of the case

6

bottom of the case

7

support rail

8th

support rail

9

component

10

component

11

light emitting element (line laser module)

12

beam of light

13, 14

optics

13

deflection prism

14

deflection prism

15

projection surface

16

measuring scale

17

Power supply (incl. electronics)

18

Point of impact of the light / light section

19

reflected light / image

L

longitudinal axis

Q

transverse axis

a

angle

a

height of the weld

b

width of the weld

Claims (10)

Weld seam and/or weld seam preparation measuring device (1) for manually measuring the geometry of a weld seam (2) or a weld seam preparation (3), comprising: - a housing (4) with a top (5) and a bottom (6), wherein the housing (4) has a longitudinal axis (L) and a transverse axis (Q) perpendicular thereto, - a light-emitting element (11) which is arranged in the housing (4) and which is designed to emit a light beam (12) which extends in the direction of the transverse axis (Q) over a predetermined width and which is oriented at an angle (α) to the direction of the longitudinal axis (L), - an optical system (13, 14) which is formed on the weld seam (2nd ) and/or directing the light beam (12) impinging on the weld seam preparation (3) onto a projection surface (15) which is formed on the housing (4), preferably on its upper side (5), characterized in that the housing (4 ) at least two on its underside (6) ang has arranged support rails (7, 8), the support rails (7, 8) being designed to rest on two components (9, 10) to be welded or welded together and a transparent measuring scale (16) being arranged in the area of the optics (13, 14). measuring device claim 1 , characterized in that the angle (α) is 45°. measuring device claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the light-emitting element (11) is a laser element, in particular a line laser module. Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the measuring scale (16) is arranged interchangeably. measuring device claim 4 , characterized in that the measuring scale (16) has a number of lines arranged parallel to one another at a predetermined distance. Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the optics (13, 14) consists of two deflection prisms, the two deflection prisms (13, 14), viewed in the direction of the transverse axis (Q), preferably having a substantially triangular cross-section. measuring device claim 6 that the measuring scale (16) is arranged between the two deflection prisms (13, 14). Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 until 7 , characterized in that a camera is arranged or can be arranged in the area of the upper side (5) of the housing (4). Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 until 8th , characterized in that the housing (4) has a substantially cuboid shape, in particular the cuboid having a flattening at its one end region. Measuring device according to one of Claims 1 until 9 , characterized in that it further comprises a power supply (17), in particular a battery, for the electrical supply of the light-emitting element (11).

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