DE102019103444A1 - Restraint element and restraint system for traffic safety on traffic routes - Google Patents

Abstract

A restraint element (1.1) is proposed for a restraint system (2) for traffic safety on traffic routes, in particular for mobile use and / or for temporary traffic safety in the area of traffic routes, which retaining element (1.1) has a base body (4); which has a longitudinal extension (9) with a length, a vertical extension (6) with a height (5) and a transverse extension (3) with a width; which has at least one end face (10) at the end in the direction of the longitudinal extension (9), which is designed for connection to a further, preferably identical, retaining element (1.2); which is characterized in that the end face (10) has at least one area (11) in which the end face (10) has an angle (12) greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension (9), which extends over the entire width; and / or the end face (10) has at least one region (11) in which the end face (10) has an angle (12) greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension (9); which extends over the entire height (5).

Description

The invention relates to a restraint element according to claim 1 for a restraint system, in particular for mobile use and / or for temporary traffic safety in the area of traffic routes.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a restraint system according to claim 11 for traffic safety on traffic routes, comprising at least a first and a second restraint element.

Restraint systems for traffic safety are passive protective devices that are preferably attached or set up on traffic routes, such as streets and highways. Restraint systems are generally used to secure traffic against hazards, in particular to secure during construction site work or other work along a traffic route, to secure on mountain slopes against falling debris or to protect against water. Restraint systems are also used to protect traffic against any vehicles leaving a lane and to protect people, facilities and buildings.

Restraint systems can be arranged at different positions along a traffic route, for example at the edge of a traffic lane or between two traffic lanes running in opposite directions, in order to separate traffic directions running in opposite directions from one another.

Restraint systems for traffic safety on traffic routes can in particular be designed to stop or deflect impacting vehicles and / or to at least partially absorb the energy released in the event of a vehicle impact, in particular through limited yielding and / or displacement of the restraint system.

In order to ensure the resilience of a restraint system in the event of a collision, restraint systems are only anchored firmly to an underlying surface in exceptional cases. It is therefore advantageous to connect the restraint elements of a restraint system to one another, for example under tension.

From the DE 10 2008 026 661 A1 Retention elements for a retention system with the features of the preamble of claim 1 are known. The known retaining elements have a recess on a first end face and a projection on a second end face opposite the first end face. In the known restraint systems, the first end face of a first restraint element engages with the projection in the second end face of a second restraint element in the region of the recess.

A disadvantage of the aforementioned prior art is that the previously known restraint elements for a restraint system only allow a relatively small area connection of their end faces - in particular when loading in a direction transverse to the extent of the restraint system. As a result, when a vehicle hits the restraint system, individual restraint elements can break out or be damaged in the area of the aforementioned engagement. Such damage to the restraint system requires a complex, costly and sometimes risky repair of the restraint system, such as the replacement of individual restraint elements. The repair of a restraint system in the area of the traffic route can often lead to permanent and serious traffic obstructions.

On the basis of this prior art, the present invention is based on the object of providing restraint elements for restraint systems which enable a more stable bond.

Another object of the invention is to provide a restraint system formed from such restraint elements, which restraint system has a more stable connection of the restraint elements to one another.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a restraint element with the features of claim 1 and by a restraint system with the features of claim 11. Advantageous further developments are the subject matter of subclaims.

A restraint element according to the invention is provided for a restraint system for traffic safety on traffic routes, in particular for mobile use and / or for temporary traffic security in the area of traffic routes. For this purpose, the retaining element has a base body which has a longitudinal extension with a length, a vertical extension with a height and a transverse extension with a width, in which the length is preferably greater than the height and / or than the width, and which is particularly preferably plate-shaped (or cuboid) is formed. The retaining element has at the end in the direction of the longitudinal extension at least one end face, which is designed to connect the retaining element to a further, preferably identical, retaining element. The retaining element according to the invention is characterized in that the end face has at least one area in which the end face has an angle greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extent, which region extends over the entire width; and / or that the end face has at least one region in which the end face has an angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension, which region extends over the entire height.

According to the invention it is therefore provided that the end face - in relation to the longitudinal direction of the retaining element or its base body - extends obliquely or specifically diagonally. The area available for connecting two retaining elements to one another can be enlarged in this way, as a result of which the above-mentioned disadvantages from the prior art can be avoided or mitigated.

In other words, in a first variant, the area has the aforementioned angle with respect to the longitudinal extent both in a side view of the retaining element and in a longitudinal section through the retaining element perpendicular to the transverse extent in the area of its end face. In a second variant, both in a top view of the retaining element and in a longitudinal section through the retaining element perpendicular to the height extension in the region of its end face, the region has the aforementioned angle with respect to the longitudinal extension. According to the invention, both variants can also be combined.

According to the first variant, the longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extension through the retaining element marks a cutting line which divides the end face. A viewer who looks at the retaining element in the direction of the transverse extent perceives the area as a straight line. According to the invention, this can now be oriented at an angle greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction. The end face runs in a straight line and, in the event that the angle is greater than zero degrees, correspondingly obliquely (especially diagonally, in particular if the angle is 45 degrees) to the longitudinal direction.

The end face of the retaining element can also - as already mentioned - according to the second variant of the retaining element according to the invention, additionally or alternatively, in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the height extension, have at least one area in which the end face is at an angle greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension so that there is again an inclined (especially diagonal) course with respect to the longitudinal direction in this area. The angle mentioned is thus an acute angle. The longitudinal section perpendicular to the height extension through the retaining element defines a cutting line which divides the end face. A viewer who looks in the direction of the height extension perceives the area as a straight line. All angles here and below include a customary manufacturing tolerance.

A restraint system according to the invention for traffic safety on traffic routes, in particular for mobile use and / or for temporary traffic safety on traffic routes, comprises at least a first retaining element according to the invention and a second retaining element according to the invention, preferably two identical retaining elements, which retaining elements are connected to one another via facing end faces.

In the context of this description, the term traffic route preferably and not exclusively includes all types of land traffic routes, motor vehicle roads, motorways, roads, racing tracks, paved paths, paths, tunnels, bridges, cycle paths, pedestrian paths, lanes, lanes, railway lines, railways, ski slopes, waterways, Sea routes, inland waterways, canals, runways and places as well as other traffic routes known to those skilled in the art, on which restraint systems of the type in question can be used.

The term vehicle preferably and not exclusively includes land vehicles, motor vehicles, bicycles and other human-powered vehicles, carriages and other animal-powered vehicles, trains, watercraft, ships, boats, aircraft and other vehicles known to those skilled in the art.

The main body of the retaining element is preferably plate-shaped, for example as a flat cuboid, in which one (width) dimension is significantly smaller than the other dimensions, but can also have other geometries, such as a cubic shape (cube), a prismatic shape, a cylindrical shape or a curved and / or curved shape.

The terms longitudinal extension, transverse extension and vertical extension span a coordinate system, preferably a Cartesian coordinate system, and serve as general directional information; here and in the following, they not only relate to the base body, but also relate to other features of the retaining element. The longitudinal extension is synonymous with the longitudinal direction for directions.

The terms length, width and height initially relate only to the main body of the retaining element and not to any additional base or base plate, which can be used to set up the base body on a surface. It is not mandatory for the length, width and / or height of the base body to be constant; for example, the width of the base body can be different depending on the height, for example if the shape of the retaining element deviates from a cuboid shape.

An advantage of the retaining element according to the invention is that it has an area on the end faces which extends over the entire width and / or the entire height and can be used to form a stable bond with another retaining element, so that a large-area connection area is available .

In the context of this invention it has also been recognized that a lower limit for the amount of said angle is preferably greater than 10 degrees, further preferably greater than 20 degrees, further preferably greater 30 degrees, further preferably greater 40 degrees, further preferably greater 50 degrees, further preferably greater 60 degrees, further preferably greater than 70 degrees and further preferably greater than 80 degrees. In the context of this invention it has also been recognized that an upper limit for the amount of said angle is preferably less than 80 degrees, more preferably less than 70 degrees, more preferably less than 60 degrees, more preferably less than 50 degrees, more preferably less than 40 degrees, further preferably less 30 degrees, further preferably less than 20 degrees and further preferably less than 10 degrees, the upper limit being selected to match the respective lower limit (ie greater) in each case. By varying the inclination of the area of the end face, a variation in the stability of the restraint system in the event of an impact can be achieved.

In a first development of the retaining element according to the invention, at least one end face has at least one area which has an angle between 35 and 55 degrees, preferably a diagonal with an angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extent.

As an alternative or in addition, this includes both longitudinal cuts perpendicular to the vertical extent and longitudinal cuts perpendicular to the transverse extent.

An angle greater than 30 degrees and less than 60 degrees, preferably an angle of approximately 45 degrees, has proven to be particularly advantageous, which can correspond exactly to a diagonal, since in this way a particularly high stability of the restraint system against an impact can be achieved. In other situations, however, it can be advantageous to select a different angle value, for example in order to increase the flexibility of the restraint system. As a result, part of the energy acting on the restraint system during the impact can be converted by shifting and / or deforming the restraint system, whereby an impacting vehicle is braked more strongly.

In another development of the retaining element according to the invention, the end face has at least one recess and / or at least one projection, which preferably extends or extends in the direction of the longitudinal extent and / or the transverse extent.

A first development of the restraint system according to the invention provides that at least one projection of the first end face of the first restraint element engages in at least one recess of the second end face of the second restraint element.

By means of such recesses and / or projections, two retaining elements can be geometrically defined and particularly stable connected to one another via their end faces and preferably also detached from one another again, particularly preferably non-destructively, wherein the recesses and projections can interact according to a tongue-and-groove principle to in particular to achieve a stiffening in the direction of the transverse extension. The recesses and / or projections can also exercise a kind of centering function when connecting.

In a further development of the retaining element according to the invention, a first end face is arranged on a first end of the retaining element and a second end face is arranged on a second end of the retaining element, which second end is arranged opposite the first end.

By providing a retaining element with a respective end face at two ends, the retaining element can be connected to a further retaining element at the two ends. This makes it possible to create a restraint system that comprises a plurality of restraint elements which are connected to one another in a stable manner.

The first end face and the second end face can be designed to be identical or complementary to one another. In the event that the two end faces are formed identically, two different types of retaining elements are generally used to produce one Restraint system required. In the case of identical end faces, the first retaining element can have a projection on both the first end face and the second end face, whereas the second retaining element can have a recess (complementary to the mentioned projections) on the first and second end faces.

However, it is particularly advantageous to use retaining elements with different, preferably complementary, end faces, because then basically only one type of retaining element has to be kept available for producing a retaining system.

A further development of the retaining element according to the invention provides that the first end face has the at least one protrusion and the second end face has the at least one recess, the protrusion and recess preferably being designed to be complementary to one another, particularly preferably such that the protrusion after the tongue and groove Principle can be positively inserted into the recess of a further, preferably identically designed retaining element and also removed therefrom.

The tongue and groove principle enables a particularly effective, form-fitting and stable connection between two retaining elements. Because the connection between two restraint elements can be detached, the restraint system can also be easily assembled and dismantled.

For temporary traffic safety in particular, it is advantageous if the connection between two restraint elements can be released without being destroyed. This allows the restraint system to be used repeatedly and flexibly at different locations.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the end face of the retaining element comprises a horizontal connecting section which is arranged on an upper side of the base body opposite the base and / or on a mounting surface of the base body facing the base. In addition, the retaining element can also comprise an inclined connecting section which is arranged in the aforementioned area of the end face. The inclined connecting section thus also has the aforementioned angle with respect to the longitudinal extent. Both in the horizontal connecting section or in the horizontal connecting sections as well as in the inclined connecting section, two adjacent retaining elements of a restraint system can engage with one another by means of a tongue and groove connection, whereby a higher stability of the restraint system can be achieved. The groove is preferably provided on the first end face, and the tongue is preferably provided on the second end face.

In an advantageous development of this embodiment, it is also provided that in the horizontal connecting section or in the horizontal connecting sections and / or in the inclined connecting section, the end face provided with the groove has an additional tongue within the groove and / or that the end face provided with the tongue has an additional groove in the area of the tongue. The interlocking of this additional tongue and the additional groove results in a double tongue and groove connection, which ensures additional stability of the restraint system against impacting vehicles.

Another embodiment of the retaining element provides that the end face has at least a first area and a second area and preferably also a third area. These areas can be arranged adjacent to one another in the direction of the longitudinal extent and / or in the direction of the transverse extent, and the respectively adjoining areas can have a different angle with respect to the longitudinal extent and / or the transverse extent. As a result, the end face is designed in a stepped manner. These different angles of the adjacent areas preferably have a difference of approximately 90 degrees from one another.

By designing the end faces with several areas which have different angles with respect to the longitudinal extent and / or the transverse extent, an even more stable combination of two restraint elements can be created, and the forces that occur in the event of an impact can be diverted particularly well within the restraint system and / or be redirected.

It is also within the scope of the present invention to provide a retaining element in which the at least one end face is step-shaped.

Such a stepped configuration of the end face makes it possible to create a more stable connection between two retaining elements. In addition, easier detachment of the retaining elements from one another is made possible.

It is also within the scope of the present invention to provide a restraint element or a restraint system which comprises at least one (lateral) impact surface (or generally a side surface) that extends in the direction of the longitudinal extension.

The expression impact surface preferably and without limitation includes a flat surface, a curved surface, a surface according to the so-called “New Jersey type”, the “Jersey type”, the “Step type”, the “F-shape” Type ”, the“ Constant Slope Type ”and other impact surfaces known to those skilled in the art.

The impact surface is particularly suitable and provided for diverting an impacting vehicle back into the lane. This prevents the vehicle from entering a danger area or an opposite lane. The differently designed impact surfaces represent various compromises between installation stability and (as small as possible) installation area (space requirement).

In yet another further development of the retaining element according to the invention, the retaining element has a base or base plate, which is preferably arranged on an underside serving to set up the retaining element and preferably extends over the entire width of the base body or beyond it. This has already been pointed out earlier.

The base plate and base body are preferably designed as two elements that can be connected to one another and again (non-destructively) detached from one another.

The base body and base plate can be connected to one another via a connecting means. The base plate can have a recess with a shape and dimension corresponding to the base body, so that the base body can be at least partially inserted into the base plate. The base plate can be connected to an underlying substrate, for example with a connecting means. A bond between the base plate and the subsurface is particularly advantageous when additional stiffening of the restraint system is desired.

One advantage of providing a base plate is that it enables the retaining element to stand better on the ground because the weight of the retaining element can be distributed over a preferably larger contact surface. In addition, the base plate can be used to increase the stability of the restraint element or the restraint system with respect to vehicles impacting from the side.

However, the retaining element can in principle also be designed without a base plate. In this case, the main body of the restraint element can be placed directly on an underlying surface or connected to the underlying surface, in particular using a connecting means.

A further development of the retaining element according to the invention provides that the retaining element, especially the base body, is formed from at least one building material, preferably from a solid building material, particularly preferably from concrete; and is preferably reinforced with additional reinforcement elements, particularly preferably with steel reinforcement elements.

The term building material preferably and not exclusively includes cement, natural stone, sand, gravel, crushed stone, clay, glass and glass fibers, metals such as steel, organic building materials, wood, plastics, recycled building materials, other building materials and / or combinations known to the person skilled in the art from different building materials.

The reinforcement elements can have a higher strength, such as, for example, a higher tensile strength and / or a higher elasticity, than the building material in order to dissipate impact energy in an advantageous manner. The composite construction ensures additional stability of the individual restraint element.

It is also within the scope of this further development to provide a retaining element which comprises a frame that can be or is filled with building material, preferably a steel frame, which is or can be filled with building material, preferably with concrete or the like.

Such a construction enables the retaining elements to be produced quickly and inexpensively. The formwork (the frame) can be removed after filling with building material or remain as part of the retaining element.

Another development of the restraint system according to the invention provides that the mutually facing end faces of two restraint elements define a free space between them, preferably a cuboid or prismatic free space, that is, do not touch each other over their entire surface.

In principle, there is no direct connection between the two retaining elements within the free space, which is accordingly formed between two retaining elements.

In a further development of the restraint system according to the invention it is therefore provided that it comprises at least one additional connecting element which has a shape and dimensions that can be inserted into the free space and correspondingly for connecting two restraint elements via their end faces into the free space is inserted or insertable, it preferably enters into (mechanical) interaction with the end faces of the retaining elements. In this way, the connecting element can ensure a continuous and full-surface connection between the retaining elements.

Such a connecting element can preferably have a cuboid or prismatic shape, depending on the shape of the corresponding free space.

By using a connecting element, all of the end faces of the retaining elements involved can be configured identically in a simplified manner. In this case, the restraint elements of the restraint system are joined to one another via the additional connecting element, as a result of which, in particular, the manufacturing costs can be reduced through the aforementioned simplification (in this case through identically designed end faces). In addition, there is a simplified handling during transport and setting up the retaining elements, since it is not necessary to pay attention to the mutually matching orientation of the end faces (the end faces are preferably all identical); this is particularly advantageous when the restraint elements are used for temporary traffic safety.

An alternative embodiment of the restraint system according to the invention provides that the restraint elements are fastened to one another at least in the area of their end faces with at least one connecting means, preferably screwed, mortised or bolted; or that the retaining elements are each fastened to the connecting element with at least one connecting means, at least in the region of their end faces. The connection means can be used to brace the individual restraint elements against one another (formation of a so-called tension-compression shock between adjacent restraint elements), which has a positive effect on the restraint effect of the overall system.

The term connecting means preferably includes, without limitation, screws, tenons, bolts, dowels, hooks, nails and other connecting means known to those skilled in the art.

By using the connecting means mentioned, the connection between two restraint elements can be additionally reinforced, in particular by generating a certain tensile stress, as already mentioned above. The connecting means are preferably detachable from the connecting elements again in a non-destructive manner. As a result, the restraint system - as already mentioned - can be dismantled again in a simple manner and can be used again at a different location.

The use of the connecting means mentioned is not restricted to the use of the connecting elements mentioned. They can also be used to connect retaining elements without “interposing” connecting elements, as is known in principle to the person skilled in the art.

• 1 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem mit Rückhalteelementen im Längsschnitt durch das Rückhalteelement senkrecht zur Quererstreckung;
• 2 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem mit Rückhalteelementen in einer Seitenansicht auf die Aufprallfläche;
• 3 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem mit Rückhalteelementen in einer Draufsicht, wobei das Rückhaltesystem zwischen zwei Verkehrswegen angeordnet ist;
• 4 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem in einer Draufsicht, wobei das Rückhaltesystem am äußeren Bereich eines Verkehrsweges angeordnet ist;
• 5 zeigt ein Rückhalteelement in einem Querschnitt senkrecht zur Längserstreckung, beispielsweise dem Schnitt B-B aus 3;
• 6 zeigt eine Seitenansicht auf das erste Rückhalteelement eines Rückhaltesystems;
• 7 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem im Querschnitt senkrecht zur Längserstreckung, beispielsweise dem Schnitt A-A aus 2;
• 8 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem in einem Längsschnitt senkrecht zur Höhenerstreckung, beispielsweise dem Schnitt C-C aus 6;
• 9 und 10 zeigen Rückhalteelemente in einer Seitenansicht auf die Aufprallfläche, welche Rückhalteelemente jeweils unterschiedliche Stirnflächen aufweisen;
• 11 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem, welches aus den Rückhalteelementen der 9 und 10 gebildet ist;
• 12 und 13 zeigen jeweils Rückhalteelemente in einer Draufsicht, deren Stirnflächen komplementär zusammenfügbar sind;
• 14 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem in einer Draufsicht, welches aus den Rückhalteelementen der 12 und 13 gebildet ist;
• 15 und 16 zeigen jeweils im Längsschnitt senkrecht zur Quererstreckung Rückhaltesysteme mit Rückhalteelementen, welche über ineinander verzahnte Stirnflächen formschlüssig ineinander eingefügt sind;
• 17 zeigt im Längsschnitt senkrecht zur Höhenerstreckung ein Rückhaltesystem mit ineinander verzahnten Stirnflächen;
• 18a bis 18f zeigen in einem Längsschnitt senkrecht zur Längserstreckung Rückhalteelemente mit unterschiedlich ausgebildeten Aufprallflächen;
• 19 zeigt in einem Längsschnitt senkrecht zur Quererstreckung, ein Rückhaltesystem mit Rückhalteelementen welche Rückhalteelemente über eine Feder-Nut Verbindung verbunden sind und mit einem Verbindungsmittel aneinander befestigt sind;
• 20 zeigt das Rückhaltesystem aus 19 in einer Draufsicht;
• 21 zeigt eine Schnittansicht des Rückhaltesystems aus 20;
• 22 und 23 zeigen im Längsschnitt senkrecht zur Quererstreckung Rückhaltesysteme mit Rückhalteelementen, welche über quaderförmige Verbindungselemente verbunden sind;
• 24 und 25 zeigen im Längsschnitt senkrecht zur Quererstreckung Rückhaltesysteme mit Rückhalteelementen, welche über prismaförmige Verbindungselemente verbunden;
• 26 zeigt in einem Längsschnitt senkrecht zur Höhenerstreckung ein Rückhaltesystem mit Rückhalteelementen, welche über ein prismaförmiges Verbindungselement verbunden sind;
• 27 zeigt ein Rückhaltesystem mit einem horizontalen Verbindungsabschnitt und in einem schrägen Verbindungsabschnitt;
• 28a und 28b zeigen jeweils Seitenansichten des ersten Rückhalteelements aus 27;
• 29a und 29b zeigen jeweils Seitenansichten des zweiten Rückhalteelements aus 27;
• 30a und 30b zeigen jeweils Seitenansichten der Stirnflächen im schrägen Verbindungsabschnitt;
• 31a und 31b zeigen jeweils alternative Ausgestaltungen des horizontalen Verbindungsabschnitts;
• 32a und 32b zeigen jeweils alternative Ausgestaltungen des schrägen Verbindungsabschnitts; und
• 33a und 33b zeigen eine alternative Seitenansicht der Stirnfläche aus 32a beziehungsweise eine Weiterbildung derselben.

Further properties and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawing.

• 1 shows a restraint system with restraint elements in a longitudinal section through the restraint element perpendicular to the transverse extent;
• 2 shows a restraint system with restraint elements in a side view of the impact surface;
• 3 shows a restraint system with restraint elements in a plan view, the restraint system being arranged between two traffic routes;
• 4th shows a restraint system in a plan view, the restraint system being arranged on the outer region of a traffic route;
• 5 shows a retaining element in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal extension, for example the section BB out 3 ;
• 6 shows a side view of the first restraint element of a restraint system;
• 7th shows a restraint system in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal extension, for example the section AA out 2 ;
• 8th shows a restraint system in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the vertical extension, for example the section CC out 6 ;
• 9 and 10 show retaining elements in a side view of the impact surface, which retaining elements each have different end faces;
• 11 shows a restraint system, which consists of the restraint elements of 9 and 10 is formed;
• 12th and 13th each show retaining elements in a plan view, the end faces of which can be joined together in a complementary manner;
• 14th FIG. 11 shows a restraint system in a plan view, which consists of the restraint elements of FIG 12th and 13th is formed;
• 15th and 16 each show in longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extent Restraint systems with restraint elements which are positively inserted into one another via interlocking end faces;
• 17th shows, in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the vertical extension, a restraint system with interlocking end faces;
• 18a to 18f show, in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the longitudinal extension, retaining elements with differently designed impact surfaces;
• 19th shows, in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extension, a restraint system with restraint elements, which restraint elements are connected via a tongue and groove connection and are fastened to one another with a connecting means;
• 20th shows the restraint system 19th in a plan view;
• 21st FIG. 13 shows a sectional view of the restraint system from FIG 20th ;
• 22nd and 23 show, in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extension, restraint systems with restraint elements, which are connected via cuboid connecting elements;
• 24 and 25 show, in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extension, restraint systems with restraint elements, which are connected via prism-shaped connecting elements;
• 26th shows in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the vertical extent a restraint system with restraint elements which are connected via a prism-shaped connecting element;
• 27 Fig. 10 shows a restraint system with a horizontal connection section and in an inclined connection section;
• 28a and 28b each show side views of the first retaining element 27 ;
• 29a and 29b each show side views of the second retaining element 27 ;
• 30a and 30b each show side views of the end faces in the inclined connecting section;
• 31a and 31b each show alternative configurations of the horizontal connecting section;
• 32a and 32b each show alternative configurations of the inclined connecting section; and
• 33a and 33b show an alternative side view of the end face from FIG 32a or a further development of the same.

The same reference symbols used in the figures denote elements that are the same or at least have the same effect.

1 shows a first retaining element 1.1 and a second retaining element 1.2 a restraint system 2 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extent 3 . The retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 comprise a base body 4th with a height 5 (measured in the direction of a height extension 6 ), one width 13th (in 3 shown, measured in the direction of the transverse extension 3 ) and a length 16 (in 3 shown, measured in the direction of the longitudinal extension 9 ). The basic body 4th is on a base plate 7th arranged to set up the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 on an underlying surface 8th , for example a road surface, is used. The retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 limit in the direction of their longitudinal extension 9 with their end faces 10.1 , 10.2 to each other.

The circle symbol with the point inside, which in the example of 1 the transverse extension 3 symbolizes, implies a directional arrow perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, which points to the viewer. The height extension 6 , the transverse extension 3 and the longitudinal extension 9 or the corresponding spatial directions form a (Cartesian) coordinate system.

The end faces 10.1 , 10.2 of the two retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 point in the longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extent 3 an area 11 on in which the end faces 10.1 , 10.2 an angle 12th greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, especially around 50 degrees, with reference to the longitudinal extension 9 exhibit. The area 11 extends over the entire width 13th of the two retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 or their base body 4th (the width 13th is in 1 not shown, see for this 3 ). The arrangement of the main body 4th on or on a base plate 7th is not absolutely necessary, but can be advantageous to the retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 a better stand on the ground 8th to enable.

2 shows the restraint system 2 out 1 in a side view with a view of one side or impact surface 14th of the two retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 . The impact area 14th is turned towards the viewer in the perspective shown.

As mentioned before, the area extends 11 over the entire width 13th . This is particularly important in 2 visible as the edge of the end faces 10.1 , 10.2 also along the impact surface 14th - here as a straight line - is recognizable. The cut AA is in 7th shown.

3 shows a restraint system 2 with retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 in a top view. The restraint system 2 is for traffic safety between two traffic routes 15th - here lanes - attached. Any retaining element 1 has a base body 4th with a length 16 and a width 13th on. At the traffic route 15th facing side of the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 these each have an impact surface 14th on. The two retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 are in the direction of their longitudinal extension 9 aligned side by side or one behind the other, as shown. There is always a first end 17.1 of the one retaining element and a second end 17.2 of the other retaining element facing each other, the end faces 10.1 , 10.2 the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 adjoin or abut each other. The section BB, perpendicular to the longitudinal extension 9 , is in 5 shown.

4th shows a restraint system 2 with retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 in a plan view, which is on the outer edge of a traffic route 15th is appropriate. In comparison to 3 have the retaining elements 1 only one the traffic route 15th facing impact surface 14th .

Such a marginal attachment of the restraint system 2 along a traffic route 15th is used, for example, when the traffic route 15th on one side against an area to be demarcated 18th should be backed up. Such an area to be delimited 18th , can be, for example and without limitation, a construction site, a slope, an area at risk of landslide or another danger zone.

5 shows one of the retaining elements 3 , here generalizing with the reference number 1 labeled, in cross section BB perpendicular to the longitudinal extension 9 . The retaining element 1 comprises a base body 4th with a height 5 in the direction of the height extension 6 and a width 13th in the direction of the transverse extension 3 . In the illustration shown here is the face 10 with the area 11 which extends along the entire width 13th extends, facing the viewer.

Depending on the area of application of the retaining element 1 can affect the impact surface 14th on one or on two sides parallel to the longitudinal extension 9 are located.

In 6 Figure 13 is a side view looking towards the first retaining element 1.1 a restraint system 2 shown. The longitudinal section CC perpendicular to the height extension 6 is in 8th pictured.

7th shows the cross section AA perpendicular to the longitudinal extension 9 out 2 . The bottom plate 7th preferably extends over the entire width 13th of the main body 4th and even protrudes laterally (in the direction of the transverse extent 3 ) in addition, in particular to enlarge a set-up area.

In 7th it becomes clear that the height 5 on the main body 4th without the bottom plate 7th relates.

8th shows a restraint system 2 with a first retaining element 1.1 and a second retaining element 1.2 according to the longitudinal section CC out 6 , which is perpendicular to the height extension 6 stands. The face 10 assigns an area 11 on which an angle 12th of about 50 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension 9 having. The area 11 extends over the entire height 5 (not shown here, see 6 ) the retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 .

9 shows a first retaining element 1.1 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extent 3 . The first retaining element 1.1 points at a first end 17.1 a first face 10.1 on. The first face 10.1 has a recess 19th on. The face 10.1 also includes a first area 11.1 and a second area 11.2 . The first area 11.1 and the second area 11.2 each have different angles with respect to the longitudinal extent 9 on.

The first area 11.1 is at an angle 12th of 90 degrees based on the longitudinal extension 9 oriented. The second area 11.2 points, however, based on the longitudinal extent 9 an angle of 0 degrees. The face 10.1 is in 9 thus formed step-shaped.

10 shows a second retaining element 1.2 , which is preferably identical to the one in 9 shown first retaining element 1.1 is trained. In 10 is the second ending 17.2 of the second retaining element 1.2 pictured. The second ending 17.2 has a second end face 10.2 with a head start 20th on. The second face 10.2 includes a first area 11.1 , which is an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension 9 and a second area 11.2 which is at an angle of 0 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension 9 is oriented.

11 shows a restraint system 2 , in which a first retaining element 1.1 according to 9 with the second retaining element 1.2 according to 10 connected is. This is where the lead fits 20th the second face 10.2 of the second retaining element 1.2 into the recess 19th (not shown here, see 9 ) of the first face 10.1 of the first retaining element 1.1 a. The connection of the Retaining element 1.1 , 1.2 takes place via the stepped end faces.

12th shows a first retaining element 1.1 with a head start 20th in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the vertical extension 6 . The first face 10.1 comprises two adjacent areas 11.1 and 11.2 . The second area 11.2 an angle 12th with reference to the longitudinal extension 9 which is specifically about 15 degrees. The first area 11.1 points compared with the second area 11.2 , a different angle with respect to the longitudinal extension 9 on. The angle of the first range 11.1 is about 90 degrees based on the longitudinal extension 9 .

13th shows a second retaining element 1.2 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the vertical extension 6 which is at the second end 17.2 a second area 11.2 with a recess 19th having.

14th shows a restraint system 2 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the vertical extension 6 with the first retaining element 1.1 out 12th and the second retaining element 1.2 out 13th . The retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 are interlocking on their front surfaces.

15th shows a restraint system 2 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extent 3 , in which the first retaining element 1.1 several recesses 19th (not shown here, see 9 ) and the second retaining element 1.2 several protrusions 20th having. The protrusions 20th or the recesses 19th are parallel to the direction of a normal vector 21st the face 10 in the area 11 .

The end faces 10.1 and 10.2 are designed to be complementary to one another and grip over the numerous projections 20th and recesses 19th into one another; they can thus be joined together in a form-fitting manner and can also be detached from one another without being destroyed.

16 Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the restraint system 2 out 15th , in which the numerous protrusions 20th and recesses 19th (not shown here, see 9 ) parallel to the direction of the vertical extension 6 and accordingly deviating from the direction of a normal vector 21st the face 10 in the area 11 are oriented.

17th shows a restraint system 2 in longitudinal section perpendicular to the height extension 6 with several protrusions 20th and recesses 19th (not shown here, see 9 ). One side 22.1 is parallel to the transverse extension 3 and perpendicular to the longitudinal extension 9 oriented, whereas the other side 22.2 an angle 12th not equal to 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension 9 having.

The 18a to 18f show, each in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal extent 9 , Retaining elements 1 with differently designed impact surfaces 14th .

The retaining element 1 in 18a has a flat impact surface 14th , perpendicular to the transverse extension 3 , on.

The retaining element 1 in 18b includes an inclined impact surface 14th which an angle 12th not equal to 90 degrees related to the transverse extension 3 having.

The retaining element 1 in 18c includes a flat impact surface 14th and a body 4th , which on or on a base plate 7th is arranged. The information height 5 and the width 13th in this case only refer to the base body 4th and not the combination of base plate 7th and base body 4th . The width 13th depends on the altitude 5 .

The retaining element 1 in 18d includes an impact surface 14th which in a lower one, the underground 8th facing or facing lower section 14.1 an angle 12th greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees related to the transverse extension 3 having. The angle 12th is, specifically about 30 degrees. In one of the underground 8th opposite top section 14.2 is the impact area 14th perpendicular to the transverse extension 3 oriented. The height 5 and the width 13th refer to the complete base body 4th , the lower section 14.1 is part of the impact surface 14th and therefore not as a base plate 7th understand. Here too is the width 13th depending on the altitude 5 and in the upper section 14.2 smaller than in the lower section 14.1 .

18e shows a retaining element 1 with an impact surface 14th which in the lower section 14.1 an angle 12.1 and upper section 14.2 a different angle 12.2 - each related to the transverse extent 3 - having. A height 5.1 of the upper section 14.2 is greater than a height in this embodiment 5.2 of the lower section 14.1 .

18f shows a retaining element 1 according to the "New Jersey type" with a corresponding cross-section.

19th shows a restraint system 2 with two retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 in a side view with a view of the impact surface 14th what restraint elements 1.1 , 1.2 with a tongue and groove connection 23 interlock. A feather is thereby which is a kind of projection 20, into a groove, which is a kind of recess 19th is inserted to the spring and connection 23 to train. The two retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 are via an additional lanyard 24 connected with each other. The lanyard 24 is on one of the base plates 7th opposite top of the first retaining element 1.1 appropriate. The arrangement and design of the connecting means 24 is to be understood in this and the following figures only as examples and not restrictive. A horizontal arrangement of the lanyard 24 , for example a screw connection, in the direction of the longitudinal extension 9 is also possible.

Through this tongue and groove connection 23 are the two retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 form-fittingly insertable or inserted into one another and also detachable from one another again non-destructively. The lanyard 24 connects the first end 17.1 of the first retaining element 1.1 in the area of the end face 10 (not shown here, see 1 ) with the second end 17.2 of the second retaining element 1.2 . The tongue and groove connection 23 of the interlocking faces 10.1 , 10.2 (not shown here, see 1 ) is therefore through an additional lanyard 24 secured. The lanyard 24 can preferably and without limitation be a screw, a pin or a (screw) bolt, which allows the non-destructive removal of the connecting means 24 allows, making the retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 are non-destructively detachable from one another.

20th shows the restraint system 2 out 19th in a top view. The cut DD is in 21st shown. The bottom plate 7th protrudes along the transverse extent 3 across the width 13th (not shown here, see 7th ) of the body 4th (not shown here, see 5 ) and can therefore be seen in the top view.

21st shows the cut DD out 20th , which is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension 9 is oriented.

22nd shows a restraint system 2 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extent 3 , in which the adjoining end faces 10.1 and 10.2 a free space 25 define. The free space 25 here is a cuboid free space 25 , which on one of the base plate 7th opposite top of the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 is arranged. Within the free space 25 the adjacent end faces touch 10.1 and 10.2 Not.

In the free space 25 is a connector 26th , in particular and without limitation made of metal (steel). The connecting element 26th accordingly points one into the free space 25 insertable shape and dimensions and is used to connect the retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 over their end faces 10.1 respectively 10.2 . By inserting the connector 26th in the free space 25 an (indirect) full-surface connection of the adjacent end faces is created 10.1 and 10.2 via the connecting element 26th . The connecting element 26th can also use lanyards 24 with the end faces 10.1 and 10.2 be connected or attached to these. In 22nd are the means of connection 24 on one of the base plates 7th opposite top of the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 appropriate.

23 shows a restraint system 2 , in which the cuboid free space 25 on one of the base plates 7th facing underside of the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 is appropriate.

In the free space 25 is according to 23 a cuboid connecting element 26th form-fitting and precisely fitting. The cuboid connecting element 26th is about lanyards 24 on the base plate 7th attached. In addition, the adjacent end faces 10.1 , 10.2 even in an area where there is no space 25 is defined via a lanyard 24 attached to one another or connected to one another (here on the top of the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 shown).

24 shows a restraint system 2 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the transverse extent 3 , in which the adjoining end faces 10.1 and 10.2 the retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 a prism-shaped space 25 define. The tip of the prism-shaped space 25 points to the base plate 7th down.

A correspondingly shaped, prismatic connecting element 26th is in the free space 25 inserted. There are also lanyards 24 on one of the base plates 7th opposite top of the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 appropriate. The lanyards 24 connect the respective end faces 10.1 , 10.2 with the connector 26th and accordingly the retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 together.

24 shows a restraint system 2 with a prism-shaped free space 25 holding a tip on one of the bottom plate 7th remote side (in 27 above).

In the area of the top one in the free space 25 inserted prism-shaped connecting element 26th is a lanyard 24 attached, which the two end faces 10.1 and 10.2 with the connector 26th and also connects with each other.

26th shows a restraint system 2 in a longitudinal section perpendicular to the vertical extension 6 with a prismatic free space 25 .

In the prismatic space 25 is a prismatic connector 26th used positively. The connecting element 26th can be done using several connecting means shown as examples 24 with the end faces 10.1 and 10.2 be connected. As in the cases mentioned above, this connection creates a more stable, but nevertheless releasable connection between two retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 created together.

It is also within the scope of the invention to provide retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 provide that define a free space between them which - unlike at least implicitly described above - only part of the width of the retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 occupies, but extends over its entire height (or part of it).

27 shows a restraint system 2 with a horizontal connecting section 27 and an inclined connection portion 28 . The horizontal connecting section 27 is in the example of 27 on one of the underground 8th opposite top of the base body 4th arranged. The sloping connection section 28 is in the area 11 arranged.

Both in the horizontal connecting section 27 as well as in the inclined connecting section 28 grip the end faces 10.1 , 10.2 the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 into each other by a tongue and groove connection. Such a configuration of the restraint system 2 provides additional stability against impacting vehicles. The horizontal connecting section is used here 27 as an extended transition between the two retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 .

28a shows a side view of the first end face 10.1 in the horizontal connecting section 27 of the first retaining element 1.1 out 27 .

28b shows an alternative side view of the horizontal connecting section 27 of the first retaining element 1.1 out 27 and 28a . The groove is through a recess 19th educated.

29a shows a side view of the second end face 10.2 in the horizontal connecting section 27 of the second retaining element 1.2 out 27 .

29b shows an alternative side view of the horizontal connecting section 27 of the second retaining element 1.2 out 27 and 29a . The spring of the second face 10.2 is by a ledge 20th educated.

As mentioned before, the first face is 10.1 (not shown here, see 28b) and the second end face 10.2 in the horizontal connecting section 27 designed to engage with a tongue and groove connection.

30a Fig. 13 shows a side view of the inclined connecting portion 28 of the first retaining element 1.1 out 27 .

30b Fig. 13 shows a side view of the inclined connecting portion 28 of the second retaining element 1.2 out 27 .

As mentioned before, the first face is 10.1 (not shown here, see 30a) and the second end face 10.2 also in the inclined connecting section 28 designed to engage one another with the formation of a tongue and groove connection. To do this, the spring (projection 20th ) of the second face 10.2 into the groove (recess 19th ) the first face 10.1 (not shown here, see 30a) inserted.

31a shows a further development of the first retaining element 1.1 in the horizontal connecting section 27 with an additional spring 29 .

31b shows a further development of the second retaining element 1.2 in the horizontal connecting section 27 with an additional groove 30th . The extra spring 29 (not shown here, see 31a) is form-fitting in the additional groove 30th insertable. By engaging the additional spring 29 into the additional groove 30th the result is a double tongue and groove connection. This increases the stability against side loads.

32a and 32b show the in 31a and 31b described further training of the restraint elements 1.1 , 1.2 in the inclined connecting section 28 . The restraint elements 1.1 , 1.2 can also be used in the inclined connection section 28 connect with the aforementioned double tongue and groove connection.

33a shows the retaining elements 1.1 and 1.2 out 31a or 31b in a perspective with a view of the end faces.

33b shows a further development of the retaining elements 1.1 , 1.2 in the inclined connecting section 28 , with the additional spring 29 of the first retaining element 1.1 a one-sided opening 31 having. Through the one-sided opening 31 can be a cuboid connecting element of the previously bring mentioned type. The extra spring 29 with the one-sided opening 31 can also be used as a groove, since a projection can be inserted into the opening. In this way, multiple tongue and groove connections can be formed.

List of reference symbols

A-A

cut

B-B

cut

C-C

cut

D-D

cut

1

Retaining element

1.1

First retention element

1.2

Second retention element

2

Restraint system

3

Transverse extension

4th

Base body

5

height

6

Height extension

7th

Base plate

8th

Underground

9

Longitudinal extension

10

Face

10.1

First face

10.2

Second face

11

Area

11.1

First area

11.2

Second area

12th

angle

13th

width

14th

Impact area

14.1

Lower section of the impact surface

14.2

Upper section of the impact surface

15th

Traffic route

16

length

17.1

First end

17.2

Second ending

18th

Area to be delimited

19th

Recess

20th

head Start

21st

Normal vector

22.1

Side parallel to the transverse extension

22.2

Side offset to the transverse extension

23

Tongue and groove

24

Lanyard

25

free space

26th

Connecting element

27

Horizontal connecting section

28

Inclined connecting section

29

Additional spring

30th

Additional groove

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102008026661 A1 [0007]

Claims (15)

Retaining element (1) for a retaining system (2) for traffic safety on traffic routes (15), in particular for mobile use and / or for temporary traffic security in the area of traffic routes (15), which retaining element (1) has a base body (4); which base body (4) has a longitudinal extension (9) with a length (16), a vertical extension (6) with a height (5) and a transverse extension (3) with a width (13); in which the length (16) is preferably greater than the height (5) and / or than the width (13) and is particularly preferably plate-shaped; which retaining element (1) has at least one end face (10) at the end in the direction of the longitudinal extension (9) which is designed to connect the retaining element (1) to a further, preferably identical, retaining element (1); characterized in that the end face (10) has at least one area (11) in which the end face (10) has an angle (12) greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension (9), which area (11) extends over the entire width (13); and / or the end face (10) has at least one area (11) in which the end face (10) has an angle (12) greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension (9); which area (11) extends over the entire height (5). Retaining element (1) after Claim 1 , which has at least one recess (19) and / or at least one projection (20) on the end face (10), which preferably extends or extend in the direction of the longitudinal extension (9) and / or the transverse extension (3). Retaining element (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , in which a first end face (10.1) is arranged on a first end (17.1) of the retaining element (1) and a second end face (10.2) is arranged on a second end (17.2) of the retaining element (1), which second end (17.2) is opposite the first end (17.1) is arranged. Retaining element (1) after Claim 3 in which the first end face (10.1) has the at least one projection (20) and the second end face (10.2) has the at least one recess (19); wherein the projection (20) and recess (19) are preferably designed to be complementary to one another, particularly preferably such that the projection (20) can be positively inserted into the recess (19) of a further, preferably identically designed, retaining element (1) according to the tongue and groove principle and can be removed from it again. Retaining element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 4th which has at least a first area (11.1) and a second area (11.2) and preferably also a third area on the end face (10); which areas (11.1, 11.2) are arranged adjacent to one another along the longitudinal extent (9) and / or the transverse extent (3), and which areas (11.1, 11.2) adjoin one another along the longitudinal extent (9) and / or the transverse extent (3) have a different angle (12) with respect to the longitudinal extension (9) and / or the transverse extension (3); and the angles (12) of the adjoining regions (11.1, 11.2) preferably differ by approximately 90 degrees from one another. Retaining element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 comprising at least one impact surface (14) which extends along the longitudinal extension (9) of the retaining element (1); preferably a flat impact surface (14), a curved impact surface (14), an impact surface (14) according to the "New Jersey type", the "step type", the "F-shape type" or the "constant slope"Type". Retaining element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , in which the at least one end face (10) has at least one area (11) which has an angle (12) between 35 degrees and 55 degrees, preferably a diagonal with an angle (12) of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal extension (9 ) having. Retaining element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th , in which the at least one end face (10) is step-shaped. Retaining element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th which has a bottom plate (7); which is preferably arranged on an underside serving to erect the retaining element (1) and which preferably extends over the entire width (13) or beyond this. Retaining element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , which is formed from a building material, preferably from concrete; and is preferably reinforced with additional reinforcement elements, particularly preferably with steel reinforcement elements; and / or which retaining element (1) comprises a frame filled or fillable with building material, preferably a steel frame, which frame is filled or can be filled with concrete or the like. Restraint system (2) for traffic safety on traffic routes (15), in particular for mobile use and / or for temporary traffic security on traffic routes (15), comprising: at least one first retaining element (1.1) and a second retaining element (1.2), each after one of the previous ones Claims 1 to 10 , preferably two identical retaining elements (1.1, 1.2); which retaining elements (1.1, 1.2) are connected to one another via facing end faces (10.1, 10.2). Restraint system (2) Claim 11 when referring back to Claim 4 , in which at least one projection (20) of the first end face (10.1) of the first retaining element (1.1) engages in at least one recess (19) of the second end face (10.2) of the second retaining element (1.2). Restraint system (2) according to one of the Claims 11 to 12th , in which the mutually facing end faces (10.1, 10.2) of two retaining elements (1.1, 1.2) define a free space (25) between them, preferably a cuboid or prismatic free space (25). Restraint system (2) Claim 13 , comprising at least one connecting element (26) which has a shape and dimensions that can be inserted into the free space (25) and is inserted or can be inserted into the free space (25) via their end faces (10.1, 10.2) for connecting two retaining elements (1.1, 1.2) . Restraint system (2) according to one of the Claims 11 to 14th in which the retaining elements (1.1, 1.2) are fastened to one another at least in the region of their end faces (10.1, 10.2) with at least one connecting means (24), preferably screwed, mortised or bolted; or in which the retaining elements (1.1, 1.2) at least in the area of their end faces (10.1, 10.2) are each attached to the connecting element (26) according to Claim 14 are attached with at least one connecting means (24).

Images