DE102009028904A1 - Guard rail or crash barrier for use in e.g. motorway, to prevent vehicle from crossing middle strips, has bases including holes for fastening L-shaped elements directly at substructure, and ribs extending upto bases in transverse direction - Google Patents

Abstract

The guard rail or crash barrier has L-shaped elements (1) coupled with each other in a longitudinal direction (L). Each element is formed by a plate material (2), where reinforcement ribs (3) are provided in the material. The plate material is bent in a right angle relative to a transverse direction (Q) for forming bases (6, 7). The bases are extended in the longitudinal direction. The bases include holes (12) for fastening the elements directly at a substructure of a roadway covering. The ribs extend upto the bases in the transverse direction.

Description

The The present invention relates to a guardrail or guardrail. consisting of a single element or of several longitudinally coupled together Elements.

As is known it is common practice along roads, especially for highways, barriers in the form of crash barriers or Set up guardrails to prevent vehicles from moving sideways Leave direction, fly out of the bend, overturn or cross the median strip.

such Safety barriers are often used for others Applications used, such as in multi-storey car parks building and / or buttresses too protect, or, for example, in factories for the protection of conveyor belts and Machines and the like more.

A the best known types of such a safety barrier or guardrail is made up of several different elements, mostly made up of made of galvanized metal.

More accurate are said to form such known guardrails initially average every 1.5 meters of support posts placed in the ground or placed on a paved surface, each also provided with a transverse post or cross profile which, in turn, serve as spacers for a crash barrier profile.

To the The successive support posts are completed by crash barrier profiles and the spacers connected together, the guardrail profiles usually a wavy or an M-shaped cross-section exhibit.

Sometimes be at the support post several guard rail profiles attached, either at both ends the transverse posts or one above the other at the support post, Furthermore possibly with an additional protection for Motorcyclist in the form of a profile, which is the space between the Guard rail profiles and the bottom closes.

One Disadvantage of this type of known crash barriers is that they are made up of many different types of elements, each one for they contain a lot of material and are rather heavy.

Also the erection of such barriers cost a lot of time since initially support posts rammed into the ground or encapsulated in concrete and then the many different types of elements on the support posts must be mounted.

Also the repair of such crash barriers after a collision is very expensive and time consuming.

Consequently is the passing traffic during the erection or repair of such known safety barriers one unnecessary obstructed for a long time, often causing large traffic congestion and congestion entails.

Yet A disadvantage of these known safety barriers is that during the Setting up the support posts often Cables and wires are damaged, which are in the ground.

These known type of safety barriers is because material and cost intensive and can be considered as an environmentally unfriendly and outdated design that have hardly undergone development since the 1950s Has.

Yet Another known type of safety barriers are the safety barriers of the so-called New Jersey type.

These Guard rails are made of elongated concrete elements typically about four meters long and 80 cm high are, and usually placed loosely next to each other on a substrate.

These Concrete elements have a broad base and a narrower tip on, with the elements for the long-side Posing along a street only with a single bevel from the base are provided to the top, while for the center Installation of such an element, for example between two Lanes of a street, both sides of the element are beveled from the base to the top.

Also these known concrete elements to form a guardrail or A safety barrier has many disadvantages.

First of all they are very heavy and also require a lot of material, which means they are expensive.

moreover occurs in a collision little or no deformation of the concrete element.

This means that the full impact is absorbed by the impacting vehicle, without a part of the impact energy can be absorbed by the deformation of the guardrail during the collision, with the result that usually great damage to the impacting vehicle is done and for the passengers and the driver of the vehicle a big Ri risk of injuries and wounds.

It is therefore the object of the present invention, for one or more of the aforementioned and other disadvantages a solution offer.

More accurate said, it is an object of the invention to provide an element which can be made easily and at low cost and with the by the coupling of several such elements fast, efficient and without many additional means a guardrail or guardrail can be assembled.

Farther It is the object of the invention to dimension as little as possible too large, so carefully with the available Energy sources and natural Commodities is handled.

For this The present invention relates to a guardrail or guardrail consisting of a single element or several longitudinally coupled elements, each element of a plate material is formed, in which stiffening ribs are pressed, the extending in the transverse direction and wherein the plate material is rectangular or nearly perpendicular to this transverse direction to form a foot or bent over by feet is, each extending in the longitudinal direction and which are each provided with funds to direct the item on the ground or on the road surface to be able to fasten and wherein the stiffening ribs to the foot or the Feet extend.

Of the The advantage of such an element according to the invention is that making it very easy with a limited number of operations is, since the basic form emanates from a plate, which subsequently in the main thing just has to be pressed and bent.

In addition is for this relatively little material required, certainly compared to the amount of material, the for the preparation of the elements is necessary, in known Crash barriers are used.

In addition, can by correct dimensioning of the stiffening ribs a good Balance obtained between the necessary stiffness, the Interception of an impacting vehicle is necessary, and the Deformability of guardrails, which are used to cushion the impact of a Collision desirable is.

According to one preferred embodiment of a element according to the invention the foot is provided with holes.

One Advantage of this embodiment an element according to the invention lies in the fact that the holes can be used to fix the element on a surface such as an asphalt or concrete road, for example by simply drilling holes in this surface and the item by dowels and screws fastened to the ground.

One additional The advantage here is that the aforementioned holes are small and a small hole depth is sufficient compared to the situation in the known crash barriers, where support posts deep into the ground must be attached.

hereby there is a risk of damage underneath Cables and / or wires much smaller than certain known Elements for the formation of crash barriers, or completely excluded.

Also requires the repair of the road surface after a collision at a Such element usually much less drastic measures than with the well-known crash barriers, as repairs to the subsoil, For example, the concrete or asphalt, no longer required are or in any case compared with the repairs that are for the renewed Setting up the support posts the known crash barriers are necessary, are less extensive.

According to one preferred embodiment of a element according to the invention the end faces of the plate material are designed to be complementary to several juxtaposed elements in the longitudinal direction to one another to be able to.

As provided in the introduction, it is indeed the object of the invention to provide an element in which without many additional Means by coupling such elements of one and the same Type a guardrail can be put together.

The aforementioned embodiment an element according to the invention is natural very suitable to couple several elements together in the longitudinal direction.

According to one even stronger preferred embodiment an element of the invention the plate material in the longitudinal direction bent so that a substantially inverted V-shaped or U-shaped transverse profile is formed, with two longer sides of the plate material in the longitudinal direction Outside, so away from the one formed by the V- or U-shaped cross-section Wedge, bent over to each of the aforementioned long sides one foot too form.

in this connection are the pressed-in to form stiffening ribs parts the plate material preferably so that it is on the side of the foot evert from the remaining plate material.

A such embodiment an element according to the invention is very convenient as it is with downward opening of the V-profile or the U-profile can be placed on a surface.

The Element is supported on both sides by the aforementioned feet and can be comfortable over holes in the feet the manner described above on a substrate or a pavement be attached.

hereby receives in a very simple way a very stable construction, the easily relatively large Can withstand momentary stresses on the feet.

Different said such element can easily withstand large lateral forces equal to the tip of the element, resist as they typically occur in a collision.

The The invention also relates to a guard rail or guardrail comprising a plurality of coupled elements according to the invention is formed.

In the intention to better illustrate features of the invention are in Below by way of example and without any limitation Character of some preferred embodiments an element for assembling a guardrail according to the invention or guardrail, with reference to the attached Figures in which:

1 shows in perspective a part of a preferred embodiment of an element according to the invention;

2 a cross section of this element along in 1 with II-II indicated line shows;

3 a side view of the entire element according to the arrow F3 in 1 shows;

4 and 5 analogous to 2 Show cross-sections of some variants of this first preferred embodiment of the element;

6 also shows in cross section an alternative simpler embodiment of an element according to the invention;

7 a longitudinal section through the element 6 along a section indicated by VII-VII shows and

the 8th and 9 in cross-section illustrate how the element made 6 can be used in various ways to form a guard rail.

That in the 1 to 3 shown inventive element 1 is made of a plate material 2 formed in which in a certain direction, hereinafter called transverse direction Q, stiffening ribs 3 pressed.

This can for example take place in that one the plate material 2 pressed in a mold or the like.

The element 1 in this case is made of an originally substantially rectangular plate material 2 formed, but this is not strictly necessary according to the invention.

The Plate material is preferably made of a metal, such as z. As a hot-dip galvanized steel, also under the name Sendzimir galvanized steel known, or z. B. of a stainless steel, Also called stainless steel or Inox.

Of course they are other materials such as composites or other metals such as Aluminum and the like are not excluded according to the invention.

According to the invention, the plate material 2 bent transversely to form a foot extending in the longitudinal direction L.

As in detail in the cross section of 2 are shown in the embodiment discussed here, the two long sides 4 and 5 of the plate material 2 in the longitudinal direction L bent to a foot 6 and 7 on each of the aforementioned long sides 4 and 5 to build.

The plate material 2 is also bent in this case in the longitudinal direction L, so that a substantially V-shaped or U-shaped cross-section 8th is formed.

The height H of the element 1 can vary here.

For example, when used in factories or parking garages, it may be sufficient to apply a height H of 30 cm, 40 cm or 50 cm, allowing a person to easily cross the element 1 can go over.

in the Traffic or other applications may be better to have a higher altitude H too use, for. B. a height H of typically 60 cm or even 110 to 120 cm high.

In the example shown, the stiffening ribs lie 3 at the same distance B from each other and their width B is as large or nearly as large as the width B 'of an intermediate strip of plate material 9 but this is not required according to the invention.

The stiffening ribs 3 are over the entire transverse side 10 of the plate material 2 pressed in and extend to the feet 6 and 7 However, they do not reach the end of this foot or feet (see 1 . 2 . 4 to 6 . 8th and 9 ).

This is the plate material 2 pressed in such a way that the stiffening ribs 3 from the rest of the plate material 2 on the side 11 of the foot or the feet 6 and 7 evaginate.

The bent edges 4 and 5 which the feet 6 and 7 form in this way relative to the U-shaped profile 8th firmly anchored, so that the bending angle A between the feet 6 and 7 and this profile 8th can hardly change or requires an enormous amount of force, which of course is necessary if you want to stop an impacting vehicle.

The specified configuration is still such that when stacking multiple elements 1 the stiffening ribs 3 fit into each other, so that the elements 1 just stack each other.

Of course they are many other embodiments not excluded.

The feet 6 and 7 are with holes 12 which can be used to make the item 1 fasten with screws or bolts to a substrate.

The front ends 13 and 14 of the plate material 2 are complementary in the example given to several juxtaposed elements 1 in the longitudinal direction L can be coupled together.

In this case one obtains this complementarity by the fact that the front side 13 of the element 1 with a first continuous profiling 15 is provided, which with holes 16 is provided while the opposite end face 14 with a second profiling 17 is provided, leading to the aforementioned first profiling 15 is complementary, with the second profiling 17 also with holes 18 is provided with the aforementioned holes 16 at the front 13 can interact.

More precisely, the front page 14 the plate 2 in this case with protruding lips 17 with holes 18 provided for the formation of coupling plates, whereby the element 1 to the opposite end 13 of an adjacent element 1 can be coupled.

To several elements 1 Easy to connect, the holes must 16 and 18 of course be coordinated.

That means that for every hole 16 at one end 13 a hole 18 on the opposite front side 14 is present, with the holes 16 and 18 based on the feet 6 and 7 are mounted at the same height.

The holes 16 or 18 when coupling multiple elements 1 lying furthest inside are provided with a screw thread for the sake of simplicity.

This can be realized, for example, by being on the inside of the element 1 behind every hole 16 or 18 a (not shown in the figures) mother welds.

Another method may be that by means of a so-called "flow-drilling" method holes in the plate material 2 drills, whereby subsequently in the holes a thread can be cut.

For coupling several elements 1 one after the other you can of course, of course, other coupling agents, eg. B. in the form of separate coupling plates, or z. As rivet nuts, rivets, rivets and the like use more.

Yet another coupling method could be to use the elements 1 simply welded together.

Another alternative could be, for example, that one uses a kind of quick coupling, in which the end faces 13 and 14 z. B. are provided with a kind of hook system, with the various elements set up one behind the other 1 can quickly be hooked into each other.

It is not excluded, this example, on the U-shaped or V-shaped cross-section 8th to weld an additional plate to the end faces, around the element 1 to close at the end faces, wherein the aforementioned hook system can be mounted, for example, on this additional plate.

Such an embodiment of an element according to the invention 1 can be very handy if very fast a guardrail or Absper tion or the like must be placed, such as in road works or in an accident or the like more.

A such embodiment It also allows the barrier or guardrail to recover very quickly so they even with limited use of the guardrail or shut-off is practical.

The use of an element according to the invention 1 speaks for itself.

It is of course the intention to form a guardrail by adding several elements 1 in the longitudinal direction L are placed one behind the other and coupled to each other, the elements 1 In addition, on a substrate, such as an asphalt or concrete road, must be attached.

To set up a first element 1 On the ground first be where the holes are 12 in the feet 6 and 7 holes are placed in the ground.

Subsequently, the element can 1 by attaching screws through the holes 12 be fastened, the screws in dowels, which are provided with the holes intervene.

Of course, other methods are not excluded. For example, in advance in the ground bolts are embedded with one end of which protrudes from the concrete, after which the protruding end of these bolts through the holes 12 in the element 1 can be put through to the element 1 fasten with nuts to the bolts.

Subsequently, in the longitudinal direction L behind a first erected element 1 a following element 1 be placed, with the front side 13 with the continuous profiling 15 this following element 1 over the front side 14 and more specifically the lips 17 of the first element 1 is attached.

Here are the holes 16 and 18 the elements concerned 1 on top of each other, so that the elements 1 with bolts and nuts or the like can be coupled together.

The feet 6 and 7 of the following element 1 are then also, as in the first element 1 , attached to the ground.

By repeated repetition of this process gives you a guardrail of desired length.

It is clear that for the installation of such a barrier according to the invention only a limited Lot of device is required and that the installation is very fast can.

By doing one's feet 6 and 7 provides sufficient holes, for example, typically every 10 or 20 cm, you get a nearly continuous connection with the ground.

It is therefore not necessary, for this connection deep holes to be provided in the underground.

By taking the shape of the stiffening ribs 3 , the plate thickness T of the plate material 2 , the exact shape of the U-shaped or V-shaped profile 8th , the height and the width of the element 1 and matching any other parameters, a good balance can be made between the deformability and the rigidity of the element 1 and thus the entire guard rail.

In this way you can ensure that the deformation of the elements 1 maximally contributes to the damping of the impact in a collision, yet it is achieved that the impacting vehicle comes to a halt before it passes through the guardrail.

A possible additional improvement could be that after setting up an item 1 or more elements 1 in the closed space, by the U-shaped or V-shaped profile 8th and the underground on the inside 19 of the element 1 is formed, a foam splashes.

With let such a foam For example, achieve an even better damping effect in a collision.

To an element 1 to be able to attach easily to the ground is preferably at least one of the feet 6 and 7 to the outside, away from that by the V-shaped or U-shaped cross-section 8th formed wedge, bent over, and preferably both, as in the 1 to 3 to see.

However, it is not excluded as an alternative, as in 4 shown at least one of the feet 6 and 7 to bend inwards, towards the through the V-shaped or U-shaped cross profile 8th shaped wedge, or even both feet 6 and 7 to bend inward, as is the case in the embodiment of 5 the case is.

This can offer advantages, for example, if it is desirable to actually connect an element 1 with the underground to the view Extract or, for example, in places where the space is insufficient, around outwardly bent feet 6 and 7 to be able to apply.

In 6 is an alternative embodiment of an element according to the invention 1 shown, which is even easier.

More precisely, you get the element 1 in this case, simply by having a plate material 2 in the transverse direction Q with stiffening ribs 3 then provide and the plate material to form a foot 6 in the longitudinal direction L bends.

In other words, the cross profile 20 of the element 1 in this case, no U-shape or V-shape as in the previous embodiments, but an L-shape 20 ,

Such an embodiment of an element according to the invention 1 has the advantage that it takes up little space and, for example, finds practical application in car parks and so on, where space is limited.

Of course, such an element 1 according to this embodiment, if it is with the foot 6 attached to a ground, less likely to be able to withstand the lateral forces F by a collision, since only the strength of the corner joint 21 on the bent foot 6 determines the extent to which such a force F can be resisted.

In the 8th and 9 However, it is shown that by adding elements 1 according to this simplified embodiment back-to-back against each other, but can achieve a good resistance in a collision.

Here are the elements 1 without a gap between them with their backs 22 be placed against each other, as in 8th , or with a certain distance G from each other, as in 9 ,

The linking of the back-to-back elements 1 can at the top 23 by using another profile 24 or the like take place, for example, on the elements 1 can be screwed or welded.

It is clear that in this way with the help of a very simple element 1 a very wide range of guardrails of various types can be created, with very diverse characteristics in terms of deformability and / or resistance to impact in a collision.

Of course, many are alternative embodiments of an element of the invention 1 possible.

One possible alternative may be that you have the element 1 used as the lowest element of a barrier, at the top of the elements 1 a grid or fence or the like can be placed.

On This way can be avoided again that to set up a Barrier posts must be rammed into the ground.

When applied in traffic elements can 1 to form a guard rail coupled together and then placed on this guardrail, for example, sound-absorbing walls or the like.

The The invention is therefore by no means to be described by way of example and elements shown in the figures to form a guardrail, guardrail, Barrier or the like and not on the example described, composed of such inventive elements Guardrail, guardrail or barrier limited, but such elements and crash barriers can realized in many ways or used in other applications without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (17)

Guardrail or guardrail consisting of a single element ( 1 ) or a plurality of elements coupled together in the longitudinal direction (L) ( 1 ), characterized in that each element ( 1 ) of a plate material ( 2 ) is formed, in which stiffening ribs ( 3 ) are pressed, which extend in the transverse direction (Q) and wherein the plate material ( 2 ) perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to this transverse direction (Q) to form a foot or feet ( 6 . 7 ) which each extend in the longitudinal direction (L) and which are each provided with means ( 12 ) are provided to the element ( 1 ) directly to the ground or to the road surface and that the stiffening ribs ( 3 ) to the foot or feet ( 6 . 7 ). Guardrail or guard rail according to claim 1, wherein the plate material made of steel or galvanized steel or stainless steel Steel or other suitable metal or suitable Composite material exists. Guardrail or guardrail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffening ribs ( 3 ) so over the entire transverse side ( 10 ) of the plate material ( 2 ) they are pressed into the foot or the feet ( 6 . 7 ), but not to the end of the foot or feet ( 6 . 7 ) pass. Guardrail or guardrail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a substantially rectangular plate material ( 2 ) is formed. Guardrail or guardrail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate material ( 2 ) is bent in the longitudinal direction (L), so that a substantially V-shaped or U-shaped transverse profile ( 8th ) is formed. Guardrail or guardrail according to claim 5, characterized in that the two longitudinal sides ( 4 . 5 ) of the plate material ( 2 ) in the longitudinal direction (L) are bent around a foot ( 6 . 7 ) on each of the aforementioned long sides ( 4 . 5 ) to build. Guardrail or guardrail according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one of the feet ( 6 . 7 ) to the outside, away from the through the V- or U-shaped cross-section ( 8th ) formed wedge, is bent over. Guardrail or guardrail according to claim 7, characterized in that both feet ( 6 . 7 ) are bent outwards. Guardrail or guardrail according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one of the feet ( 6 . 7 ) to the inside through which the V- or U-shaped cross-section ( 8th ) shaped wedge, is bent over. Guardrail or guardrail according to claim 9, characterized in that both feet ( 6 . 7 ) are bent inwards. Guardrail or guardrail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parts of the plate material ( 2 ) used to form the stiffening ribs ( 3 ) are pressed from the rest of the plate material ( 9 ) on the side ( 11 ) of the foot or feet ( 6 . 7 ) evert. Guardrail or guardrail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end faces ( 13 . 14 ) of the element ( 1 ) are complementary to multiple juxtaposed elements ( 1 ) in the longitudinal direction (L) can be coupled together. Guardrail or guardrail according to claim 11, characterized in that one of the end faces ( 13 ) of the element ( 1 ) with a first continuous profiling ( 15 ) provided with holes ( 16 ) is provided. Guardrail or guardrail according to claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the opposite end face ( 14 ) with a second profiling ( 17 ), which contributes to the abovementioned first profiling ( 15 ) is complementary, the second profiling ( 17 ) also with holes ( 18 ) provided with the aforementioned holes ( 16 ) on the front side ( 13 ) can work together. Guardrail or guardrail according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that an end face ( 14 ) of the element ( 1 ) with protruding lips ( 17 ) with holes ( 18 ) is provided to form coupling plates, whereby the element ( 1 ) to the opposite end face ( 13 ) of an adjacent element ( 1 ) can be coupled. Guardrail or guardrail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the foot or feet ( 6 . 7 ) Holes ( 12 ) are provided. Guardrail or guardrail according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffening ribs ( 3 ) when stacking several elements ( 1 ) fit together.