DE102018122202A1 - Device and method for connecting textile-reinforced, flat concrete elements to an element wall and use of the device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device, a method and a use for the spaced connection of a first and a second flat concrete element, comprising a textile reinforcement, to an element wall, the device being designed as a shaft anchor 1, the shaft anchor comprising a shaft 20 with a first and a second end 30, 10 and of a length which defines the intended distance of the concrete elements in the element wall, the first end being designed as an anchor foot 31. According to the invention, the anchor foot 31 has a polygonal foot contour with n corners, the foot contour of the mesh opening contour matching the textile reinforcement and the side lengths of the foot contour falling below the dimension of the side lengths of the mesh opening contour to such an extent that insertion of the anchor foot into the mesh opening 5 is possible is. The corner dimension between the most distant of the n corners 34 is so large that the anchor foot 31 does not fit through the mesh opening 5 after a rotation of 360 / (2n) degrees. The second end 10 has positive locking elements 12.

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for the spaced connection of a first and a second flat concrete element, preferably carbon concrete walls, with a thickness between 1 and 5 cm, preferably between 2 and 4, particularly preferably 3 cm, to an element wall comprising the concrete elements a textile reinforcement, the device being designed as a shaft anchor, the shaft anchor comprising a shaft with a first and a second end, the shaft anchor having a length that defines the intended spacing of the concrete elements in the element wall, the first end serving as an anchor foot is trained.

Element walls which have been known for a long time from the prior art, also referred to as double walls, triple walls, triple-chamber walls or hollow walls, are, according to the usual practice, storey-high semi-finished parts made of two 4.5 to 7.5 cm thick reinforced concrete shells which are connected to one another by a lattice girder. There is no need to formwork on the construction site, the reinforcement is installed in the factory when the element walls are manufactured. The space in between is poured on site with in-situ concrete so that the overall cross-section is monolithic. The element wall thus represents lost formwork. If used above ground, the element wall can be produced in exposed concrete quality on both sides. Since the surfaces are generally very smooth, plastering can generally be dispensed with. In the case of non-exposed concrete walls, only the joints of the element joints and, if necessary, the pores of the air inclusions are filled and the surfaces z. B. painted or papered. The construction represents a very economical construction.

In the production of double walls made of reinforced concrete, connecting elements are used to connect the individual walls parallel and spaced apart. The usual procedure is to concrete a facing including steel reinforcement and then to place thermal insulation on it. The connecting means are then pressed into the still fresh concrete through prefabricated holes in the thermal insulation. After the facing shell has hardened, the arrangement is turned and the free ends of the connecting means are immersed in the freshly concreted supporting shell, in which there is already a steel reinforcement. Such solutions are from the publications EP 2500479 A1 , DE 19516134 A1 , EP 0825310 A2 and DE 20008530 U1 known. The publications disclose further manufacturing processes for the erection of double-shell walls US 1762099 A , DE 19951913 A1 , CH 161758 A . It is also possible to glue the connecting means to the hardened wall shells, like the publication EP 179046 A2 can be seen.

Merging the reinforcement layers of both wall shells and the connecting means between them into a single reinforcement cage, as in the documents CH 161758 A , US 1762099 A or DE 19951913 A1 described, is not possible with carbon concrete construction. Due to the narrow mesh of the mesh-like textile layer serving as reinforcement, preferably consisting of carbon fibers, it would only be feasible with increased effort to press it into a freshly concreted concrete layer. Solutions like the one according to the publication DE 20008530 U1 are also not applicable, since the formation of the second end of the connecting means is far too powerful to pass its end through the mesh of the textile layer. The risk of hitting fibers in the textile layer and pushing them down or damaging them would be very high. The ends of other known connecting means, as described in the documents EP 0825310 A2 , EP 2500479 A1 are designed in such a way that they could not ensure a sufficient bond to the concrete in the relatively thin carbon concrete layers. This would require greater embedment depths. Even two-part solutions, as described in the publication EP 179046 A2 described require a high degree of dimensional accuracy when installing them. However, this dimensional accuracy is rarely achievable in concrete construction. A sufficiently good transferability of forces via the connection between the connecting piece and concrete is also unlikely to be guaranteed.

Alternative solutions, such as B. in the publications DE 19516134 A1 or DE 20008530 U1 are constructed in such a way that they can be seen on at least one of the surfaces of the wall shell. This affects the desired high-quality surfaces in carbon concrete construction, so that use is not possible.

Another connecting element designed as a sleeve anchor for concrete parts is from the document EP 0698702 A1 known. A sleeve anchor for concrete parts is disclosed, consisting of an internally threaded stop sleeve and an anchor shaft with an integrally formed flat anchor foot, the anchor shaft protruding with its connecting end facing away from the anchor foot into a connecting section of the stop sleeve, which is pressed with the connecting end. However, the round plate base is unsuitable for textile reinforcement, since it either does not pass through the mesh openings in a mesh-like textile layer, e.g. B. can be performed in a scrim or find insufficient support behind the reinforcement.

For the same reasons, the solution is from the publication US 2003 020 8 968 A1 not suitable. The foot used in the connecting element described there, the generally circular foot 32, has the same disadvantages as in relation to the anchor foot according to the document EP 0698702 A1 was carried out.

The publication DE 10 2012 025 629 A1 affects spacers 44 for insertion in components to be manufactured with a base material with integrated textile reinforcement, which has at least one textile reinforcement layer 21 contains, which consists of at least two crossing yarns, having at least one locking holder 3rd and one to the locking bracket 3rd adapted and positioned counterholder 24th . One shaft 9 having locking brackets 3rd has bumps, overhangs and / or protrusions 11 , 12th on the shaft 9 which, in the case of locking, a non-positive connection with a hole 6 of the selected and adjusted counterhold 24th produce. The locking bracket 3rd has a hat-like, circular head 7 on the shaft 9 is attached. The shaft 9 of the locking bracket 3rd has a full cross-section for the arrangement between the textile yarns or a free cut which corresponds at least to the textile yarn thickness in order to enable an arrangement above the textile yarn. This means that there is a spacer between the textile reinforcement and the formwork boundary or outer surface of the component 44 a defined distance of the textile reinforcement layer 21 trained to formwork boundary or component outer surface. This solution also shows in terms of the shape with which the head 7 is formed, the same disadvantages as the prior art recognized in the two aforementioned publications. To this disadvantage comes the disadvantageous fact that the locking holder 3rd when using the spacer 44 would have to be concreted in the sense of the preamble of the present invention, with its bumps, overhangs and / or projections 11 , 12th on the shaft 9 cannot plunge into the concrete and connect to it, but instead the bumps, overhangs and / or protrusions 11 , 12th on the shaft 9 by the counterhold 24th not only be covered up and rendered ineffective, but the use of the counterhold 24th at the same time creates a weak point in the transfer of forces.

The object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and in particular to create a connection of textile concrete shells, concrete elements with textile reinforcement, at a defined distance parallel to one another. In this case, the bond in the concrete and with the reinforcement should be ensured despite the low available depth of integration. Nevertheless, even under conditions of narrow gaps in the textile reinforcement, a shaft anchor should not touch, at least not stick to, the fibers when passing through the second, freshly concreted textile concrete shell and immersing it in the reinforcement layer.

The object is achieved by a device for the spaced connection of a first and a second flat concrete element, each comprising a textile reinforcement, to an element wall, the device being designed as a shaft anchor, the shaft anchor comprising a shaft with a first and a second end wherein the shaft anchor has a length that defines the intended distance of the concrete elements in the element wall, wherein the first end is designed as an anchor foot. The reinforcement fibers are preferably carbon fibers that form the textile reinforcement, which is designed, for example, as a scrim. According to the invention, the anchor foot has a polygonal foot contour with n corners, the foot contour matching the mesh opening contour with the textile reinforcement and the side lengths of the foot contour falling short of the dimension of the side lengths of the mesh opening contour so that the anchor foot can be inserted into the mesh opening . The corner dimension between the most distant of the n corners, i.e. the diagonally opposite corners, is so large that the foot does not fit through the mesh opening after a rotation of 360 / (2n) degrees, if the corners protrude the most from the reinforcement fibers .

The shaft anchor according to the invention is used for connecting and spacing textile-reinforced, flat concrete elements. In the shaft anchor, at one end, the first end, a flat element, the anchor foot, is formed, which is geometrically designed such that it can be inserted into a concrete layer through a mesh opening of a net-shaped textile reinforcement or the concrete is introduced later.

The first rod end to be concreted in with the anchor foot, which has an anchor tip protruding outwards from the shaft side, can be used at the same time as a spacer for the textile reinforcement. With appropriate spacers under the first layer of textile reinforcement and a longer point under the plate of the shaft anchor, an extended anchor point, it is also possible to use two textile layers as reinforcement in the component, the concrete element.

The other end of the shaft anchor, the second end, also enables a sufficient bond in the thin textile concrete shell, the second concrete element. Since this second end has to be inserted into a shell that has already been concreted and provided with textile reinforcement, it is so trained that when it hits the reinforcement by an insertion tip slips off and can be safely passed through the mesh.

At the opposite end, the second end, a tip and preferably radial lamellae are formed as form-locking elements, so that this end can be introduced through a textile reinforcement into a second concrete layer that forms the second concrete element. The second end of the shaft anchor is therefore slimmer. The profiling by form-locking elements ensures an adequate bond to the concrete. A tip at the second end of the shaft is designed as an insertion tip that should it hit a fiber strand when immersed, it slips off and is passed through the mesh of the textile without pressing down the textile reinforcement.

It has proven to be advantageous if the polygonal contour is square, with n = 4. Then a maximum protrusion of the corners against the reinforcement fibers or below them is reached after a rotation of 45 °. The connection of the shaft anchor in the concrete is ensured by the special design of the anchor ends. The first end of the shaft anchor with the anchor foot, a preferably square, plate-shaped flat element, is passed through the textile reinforcement of the first shell to be concreted and then rotated so that the textile rests on the anchor foot, thereby securing the position of the textile in the component . The size of the anchor base is adapted to the mesh size of the textile. The anchor base also ensures the bond to the concrete. The process steps are summarized again below.

Further advantages result if the anchor foot has an anchor tip protruding toward the side of the anchor foot facing away from the shaft. The tip under the anchor foot ensures its positioning and that of the textile at the correct height in the component or at the intended distance from the formwork, and also fixes the shaft anchor at the intended location during the rotation required for anchoring under the reinforcement. Due to their filigree design, the tip is not visible on the surface of the finished wall shell. To prevent the anchor from tipping over, it is fixed with a conventional clamp.

An advantageous embodiment comprises at least one shaft formed from material with low thermal conductivity. Thermal bridges are thus avoided by using a material with low thermal conductivity, for example a fiber-reinforced plastic. For cost reasons and because of the high tensile strength, glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) is preferred.

Advantageously, the first and / or the second textile-reinforced, flat concrete element is designed as a textile concrete element or as a carbon concrete element with a reinforcement made of carbon fibers, which represent the material for the textile reinforcement. This enables the advantages of textile reinforcement to be exploited and, above all, small wall thicknesses to be produced without requiring a minimum covering of the reinforcement. The first and / or the second textile-reinforced, flat concrete element has a thickness between 1 and 5 cm, preferably between 2 and 4, particularly preferably 3 cm.

The inventive design of the rod ends in the special, intended shape, in contrast to conventional shaft anchors, enables small embedment depths, for example of only 3 cm, in the concrete to be sufficient. In addition to the bond in the concrete, the rod ends also ensure safe and damage-free manufacture with close-meshed textile reinforcement.

Due to the special design of the ends, hereinafter also referred to as rod ends, all the necessary forces can be introduced into the concrete, even with an embedment depth of only 3 cm for example.

Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for connecting flat concrete elements, comprising a textile reinforcement, to form an element wall. According to the invention, shaft anchors are used as previously described. In a first step, each of the shaft anchors is guided with its anchor foot through one of the mesh openings of the textile reinforcement, which is already placed in a concrete position. In a second step, the shaft anchor is rotated 360 / (2n) degrees (for four corners this is 45 °) around the longitudinal axis of the shaft so that it is held under the textile reinforcement or keeps it at a distance from the formwork. In a third step, the first concrete element is concreted in the formwork provided and the concrete is cured. After concreting the first concrete element, thermal insulation can be applied to it. In a fourth step, the preparation of the textile reinforcement is carried out, which is inserted into the formwork with the appropriate spacers, and there the concrete of the second concrete element is carried out. Immediately afterwards, in a fifth step, the first concrete element is turned through 180 °, if necessary after removal from the formwork, so that the second ends of the shaft anchors point downwards, and the rotated first concrete element with the projecting shaft anchors points to the freshly concreted second one Concrete element is placed, which then hardens. Alternatively, the concrete can be placed after placing the first concrete element on the formwork of the second concrete element.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of a device as described above for connecting flat concrete elements to form an element wall. The use is preferably carried out according to the method described above.

According to the present invention, a connecting element is proposed in the form of a shaft anchor, preferably consisting of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP), which has geometrically shaped rod ends in order to ensure a hold in the concrete with a low embedment depth. At the same time, a method for using and using the shaft anchor is proposed. At a first end, the shaft anchor has a flat element, the anchor foot, the contour of the surface of the flat element, which extends perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the shaft anchor, being matched to the mesh size of the textile. The end of the shaft anchor with the polygonal, preferably square-contoured flat element, the anchor foot, is passed through a mesh opening in the textile reinforcement of the first shell to be concreted, the first concrete element of the element wall, and then rotated so that the textile rests on the flat element, whereby the position of the textile in the component is secured. Furthermore, the flat element can have a tip in order to secure the position of the shaft anchor and to fix the distance to the formwork. The other end of the shaft anchor also has a tip, which primarily serves as an insertion tip when penetrating the reinforcement of the second concrete element, and a plurality of radially arranged slats, which act as form-locking elements in the concrete.

The advantage of the invention consists in the design of the rod ends, which, in contrast to conventional shaft anchors, generally allow anchoring depths of only 3 cm in the concrete. In addition to the bond in the concrete, the rod ends also ensure that it can be manufactured with close-meshed reinforcement. In addition, a sufficiently good introduction of the forces occurring into the concrete in the space between the two concrete elements is ensured. In addition, thermal bridges between the shells to be connected, the two concrete elements, are avoided and the connection also has a low weight.

• 1: eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaftankers,
• 2: eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaftankers,
• 3: eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaftankers mit Maßangaben,
• 4: eine schematische Ansicht von oben bei der Installation eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaftankers in die Bewehrung und
• 5: eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Elementwand unter Einsatz eines erfindungsgemäßen Schaftankers.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the description of exemplary embodiments and their representation in the associated drawings. Show it:

• 1 : a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a shaft anchor according to the invention,
• 2nd : a schematic side view of an embodiment of a shaft anchor according to the invention,
• 3rd : a schematic side view of an embodiment of a shaft anchor according to the invention with dimensions,
• 4th : a schematic view from above when installing a shaft anchor according to the invention in the reinforcement and
• 5 : A schematic side view of an element wall using a shaft anchor according to the invention.

1 shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a shaft anchor according to the invention 1 that has a shaft 20th with a first ending 30th and in a second end 10th includes. The first end 30th has an anchor foot 31 with four sides 32 and four corners 34 on. The second end 10th , shown in the foreground, has characteristic lamellas that act as positive locking elements 12th function and a firm hold of the shaft anchor during later concreting 1 in the concrete 8th (compare 5 ) guarantee. The second end 10th still has an insertion tip 14 through which a safe passage of the shaft anchor 1 through the mesh openings of the reinforcement, not shown here 4th (compare 4th and 5 ) enables.

2nd shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of a shaft anchor according to the invention 1 , at its second end 10th the shape of the slats, the positive locking elements 12th , the shaft anchor is clearly recognizable 1 especially secure against moving out. In the exemplary embodiment shown, they are in the direction of the insertion tip due to rounded, convex surfaces 14 designed so that when they pass through the reinforcement 4th slide away from this. Otherwise the reinforcement could 4th pushed away from their position and undesirably moved to the formwork. The opposite, to the first end 30th pointing side of the form-locking elements 12th is flat or concave in the present case in order to securely anchor the shaft anchor 1 to reach in concrete.

Even the insertion tip 14 is presented, layed out. The second end 10th is with the first end 30th over the shaft 20th connected. The shaft 20th preferably has a rotationally symmetrical cross section through which a rotation axis 22 runs.

The anchor foot 31 at the first end 30th has alongside the pages 32 and the corners 34 also about an anchor tip 36 . This is supported during installation and before the first concrete element is concreted 2nd (compare 5 ) on the formwork. This prevents the anchor foot 31 on the surface of the concrete element 2nd is visible and also a predetermined distance of the reinforcement 4th (compare 4th and 5 ) to the surface of the concrete element 2nd guaranteed.

3rd shows a schematic side view of an embodiment of a shaft anchor according to the invention 1 with dimensions of a particularly advantageous and preferred embodiment, which enables the low embedment depth in the concrete of 3 cm, as is preferably provided. The dimensions are shown in the table below: Reference letter Dimension in mm A 300 B 40 C. 8th D 10th E 5 F 10th G ∅ 25 H ∅ 14.8 I. ∅ 5.85

The anchor foot 31 on the first page 30th of the shaft anchor 1 is 5 mm, the reinforcement 10 mm with concrete 8th covered. The expansion of the concrete 8th average of both concrete elements 2nd , 6 is indicated by a dash line. The second page 10th dives with at least two fins and the insertion tip 14 in the concrete 8th on.

4th shows a schematic view from above during the installation of a shaft anchor according to the invention 1 in the reinforcement 4th . The reinforcement 4th is designed like a net and has uniform, rectangular mesh openings 5 on. The contour of the mesh openings 5 corresponding with four right-angled corners is the anchor foot 31 educated. Its also rectangular contour with dimensions of the sides 32 , which is smaller than the dimension of the side length of the mesh openings 5 enables in a first position of the shaft anchor 1 an insertion of the anchor foot 31 into the stitch opening 5 .

Then the shaft anchor 1 rotated so far about its longitudinal axis that the anchor foot 31 with its corners 34 behind the reinforcement 4th is anchored. In the illustrated embodiment, n = 4 corners 34 available, therefore there is a rotation of 360 °: (2 × 4) = 45 °. This will make the shaft anchor 1 held between reinforcement and formwork while preventing the reinforcement 4th rests on the formwork and later appears undesirably on the concrete surface.

5 shows a schematic side view of an element wall 9 using a shaft anchor according to the invention 1 . The shaft anchor 1 connects the first concrete element 2nd with the second concrete element 6 , with both concrete elements 2nd , 6 with one reinforcement each 4th are equipped. The concrete elements 2nd , 6 show the strength S on, which is preferably 3 cm.

The first end 30th of the shaft anchor 1 with the anchor foot 31 is in the first concrete element 2nd concreted. The second end 10th of the shaft anchor 1 is in the second concrete element 6 concreted in, a part of the slats as an embodiment of the form-locking elements 12th for a firm bond by positive locking with the concrete 8th to care.

The element wall created in this way 9 can with the distance X the surfaces of the concrete elements 2nd , 6 and transported to the construction site with high surface quality and low weight. There is the gap 7 filled with in-situ concrete so that a stable wall with high quality, especially the surface, is created. The gap 7 can also be completely or partially filled with heat-insulating material, making it difficult to transfer heat through the finished wall. The shaft anchor supports this heat-insulating effect 1 which, in the preferred embodiment, at least in the region of the shaft 20th consists of a material with low thermal conductivity. Glass-fiber reinforced plastic ( GRP ) used, which is characterized by high strength and low costs.

Reference list

1

Shaft anchor

2nd

first concrete element

4th

Reinforcement

5

Mesh size

6

second concrete element

7

Space

8th

concrete

9

Element wall

10th

second end

12th

Positive locking element, lamella

14

Insertion tip

20th

shaft

30th

first end

31

Anchor foot

32

page

34

corner

36

Anchor tip

A - I

Dimensions

S

Strength

X

distance

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 2500479 A1 [0003,0004]
• DE 19516134 A1 [0003, 0005]
• EP 0825310 A2 [0003, 0004]
• DE 20008530 U1 [0003, 0004, 0005]
• US 1762099 A [0003,0004]
• DE 19951913 A1 [0003, 0004]
• CH 161758 A [0003,0004]
• EP 179046 A2 [0003, 0004]
• EP 0698702 A1 [0006, 0007]
• US 20030208968 A1 [0007]
• DE 102012025629 A1 [0008]

Claims (11)

Device for the spaced connection of a first and a second flat concrete element (2, 6), comprising a textile reinforcement (4), to an element wall (9), the device being designed as a shaft anchor (1), the shaft anchor (1) Comprising a shaft (20) with a first and a second end (30, 10), the shaft anchor (1) having a length (A) that the intended distance (X) of the concrete elements (2, 6) in the element wall ( 9), the first end (30) being designed as an anchor foot (31), characterized in that the anchor foot (31) has a polygonal foot contour with n corners (34), the foot contour matching the contour of the mesh opening (5) the textile reinforcement (4) matches and the length of the sides (32) of the foot contour falls short of the dimension of the length of the sides of the contour of the mesh opening (5) so that insertion of the anchor foot (31) into the mesh opening (5) is possible , whereby the corner dimension between the white test distant of the n corners (34) is so large that the anchor foot (31) after a rotation by 360 / (2n) degrees about an axis of rotation (22) of the shaft (20) cannot slide back through the mesh opening (5), whereby the second end (10) has at least one form-locking element (12). Device after Claim 1 , wherein the polygonal foot contour is square, with n = 4 corners (34). Device after Claim 1 or 2nd , The positive locking elements (12) being designed as lamellae. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the armature base (31) has an armature tip (36) projecting towards the flat side of the armature base (31) facing away from the shaft (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one shaft (20) formed from material with low thermal conductivity. Device after Claim 5 , fiber-reinforced plastic being provided as the material with low thermal conductivity. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and / or the second concrete element (2, 6) is designed as a textile concrete element or as a carbon concrete element. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and / or the second concrete element (2, 6) has a thickness (S) between 1 and 5 cm. Method for spaced connection of flat concrete elements (2, 6), comprising a textile reinforcement (4), to an element wall (9), characterized in that shaft anchors (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th be used and a. in a first step, each shaft anchor (1) is guided with its anchor foot (31) through one of the mesh openings (5) of the textile reinforcement (4), which is already placed in a concreting position, b. in a second step, each shaft anchor (1) is rotated by 360 / (2n) degrees, at n corners (34) of the anchor foot (31), about the longitudinal axis of the shaft (20), so that it is held under the textile reinforcement (4) and / or the distance of the reinforcement (4) to the formwork on which each of the shaft anchors (1) is seated is determined, c. in a third step, the concrete of the first concrete element (2) and the hardening of the concrete are carried out, d. in a fourth step the preparation of the textile reinforcement (4) and the concreting of the second concrete element (6) and immediately afterwards e. in a fifth step the first concrete element (2) is rotated 180 ° over a longitudinal axis and the rotated first concrete element (2) with the shaft anchors (1) now protruding downwards from the first concrete element (2) onto the freshly concreted second concrete element (6) is placed, after which the concrete (8) hardens and at least partially integrates the form-locking elements (12). Use of a device according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th for the spaced connection of flat concrete elements (2, 6) to an element wall (9). Use after Claim 10 , the joining according to the method according to Claim 9 he follows.

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