DE102018100438A1 - Device for fastening two adjacent components - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for fastening two adjacent components (130, 230) with at least one first fastening element (110) having a ball head (116) and at least one second fastening element (210) having a ball socket (226), wherein the first fastening element (110) and the second fastening element (210) with anchoring elements (112; 212) for embedding and fixing in the respective component (130; 230) provided and by pressing the ball head (116) through a narrowed ball socket neck (224) in the ball socket (226) are engageable with each other in a positive engagement. To improve the pull-out strength, especially at high temperatures, it is provided according to the invention that the second fastening element (210) in the region of the ball socket neck (224) has exactly one slot (227) parallel to the press-fit direction. The second fastening element (210) is preferably formed from a high-temperature-resistant thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) (FIG. 2)

Description

The invention relates to a device for fastening two adjacent components according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

A generic device for fastening two adjacent components made of plastic, for example, from DE 20 2016 101 303 U1 known. The device shown there has a first fastening element in the form of a ball head pin and a second socket-like fastening element. At least one of the fastening elements and preferably both fastening elements are arranged with anchoring parts provided on them in each case in a plastic component. These components may be formed, for example, of interior trim parts or engine trim parts on vehicles. The two components made of plastic are preferably releasably connectable to each other by means of the engageable first and second fastening elements.

For certain applications, a device with a high pull-out strength, especially at higher operating temperatures is required - for example, with trim parts in the vicinity of the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine.

The invention has for its object to provide such a device with a high pull-out, especially at higher operating temperatures.

This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

According to the invention, the second fastening element in the region of the ball socket neck has exactly one slot parallel to the press-in direction. Because the ball socket neck only a single point in its circumference has a slot and through this a single expansion possibility, surprisingly much higher holding forces against tearing of the ball head bolt are possible, as in known devices.

The exactly one slot breaks through the edge of the ball socket neck and preferably extends into the upper area of the ball socket. Due to the length of the slot, the pull-out force can be varied very well.

Preferably, a plurality of projections are arranged on the outer periphery of the second fastening element, which serve the additional stiffening and stabilization of the ball socket and further increase the holding force against tearing of the ball head. Preferably, evenly distributed on the circumference eight such rib-shaped projections are arranged, with their longitudinal axis extending substantially parallel to the press-in direction of the ball head.

With a maximum diameter of the ball head and the ball socket of 10 mm, a passage diameter in the transition region from the ball socket neck to the ball socket is approximately 8.5 mm. The ratio of the largest ball diameter to the passage diameter is advantageously about 1.1 to 1.25 times, in particular 1.18 times. This diameter ratio has proven to be particularly advantageous for a high pull-out force at the same time not too high press-in force between the ball head and ball socket.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least the second fastening element consists of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). From the group of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), in turn, the high-temperature-resistant material TPC-ET, in particular TEEE (Hytrel® 5555 HS), has proved particularly advantageous. With this even at operating temperatures of 100 to 150 ° C and beyond even up to 220 ° C very high pull-out can be achieved.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least the second fastening element and preferably also the complementarily shaped first fastening element has a modulus of elasticity of 800 MPa to 8000 MPa. With such a modulus of elasticity a stable permanent locking of the fasteners is ensured together and also allows multiple loosening and reconnecting without damaging the fasteners. Variants are also conceivable and encompassed by the protection of this application, in which the ball-head-shaped first fastening element does not consist of plastic but, for example, of sheet steel or cast iron.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, the substrate of the second fastening element receiving plastic component of a flexible foam, in particular polyurethane (PUR) with a density of 50 kg / m ³ to 400 kg / m ³ and a Shore A hardness of 5 to 100 Due to its material properties, the fastening element made of thermoplastic material (TPE, especially TEEE) forms a very stable adhesive bond and thus a solid anchoring in the substrate of the component formed from a soft polyurethane foam.

Thereby, that the first fastener with a ball and the complementary For this purpose shaped second fastener are formed with a ball socket, the two fasteners are non-destructively connected to each other several times and again detachable, without losing much of elasticity and holding power.

The ball head has a largest ball diameter D2 that has a largest inside diameter D2 the ball socket is approximately identical. This largest ball diameter corresponds approximately to 1.1 to 1.25 times the passage diameter D1 in the ball socket, so that both parts can be joined or separated only by an elastic deformation of the wall of the ball socket in the region of the ball socket neck and grip very tightly together in the assembled state.

The separate from the single slot parts of the ball socket are elastically deformed when connecting the ball head with the ball socket so that they dodge elastically outwardly during assembly and press their inner surfaces after joining again closely to the ball head.

The respective anchoring element provided on the fastening elements preferably has a plurality of projections and grooves. By means of these projections and grooves, both the first fastening element and the complementarily shaped second fastening element can be embedded undetachably in the material of the substrate of the component by reliable toothing of the material and thus can be reliably fixed.

In an advantageous embodiment, in each case an anchor plate is formed on the anchoring elements of the first fastening element and the complementary shaped second fastening element. This anchor plate ensures a stable anchoring of the anchoring elements in the soft substrate.

Advantageously, the anchoring elements of both fasteners in the length and or in diameter are variably framed. As a result, the anchoring element can be adapted with its anchoring depth to the volume weight and the material of the substrate and the required pull-out force of the fastening element.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment and use, the device according to the invention is used on a housing or cover for at least predominantly covering a component. According to an advantageous variant, the housing is formed from at least two housing parts, which together define a cavity adapted to the contour of the component and which can be tightly connected to one another by means of fastening means arranged on the housing parts to form a substantially closed housing. Due to the multi-part design housing according to the invention for thermal and / or acoustic insulation of a component can be easily adapted to complex shapes of the respective component to be wrapped. Due to the perfect adaptation to the contour of the component to be enveloped, the thermal and sound insulation are significantly improved. The housing parts are easy to arrange around the component and can be separated again at any time by releasable fastening means, for example, to perform maintenance on the coated components. Because the relatively soft housing parts are preferably fastened only to one another, but not to the enclosed component, hardly any vibrations are transmitted to the housing, so that they do not come loose due to vibrations even under extreme conditions, for example in an arrangement in the engine compartment of a vehicle can.

Advantageously, it is provided that the housing parts are formed from a foamed plastic, in particular polyurethane (PUR). The housing parts are preferably formed from a foam having a density of 50 to 400 kg / m ³ , in particular from 140 to 300 kg / m ³ and especially with a density of about 170 to 230 kg / m ³ .

• 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines zweiten Befestigungselements als Einzelteil;
• 2 einen Längsschnitt durch das in ein Bauteil eingebettete zweite Befestigungselement;
• 3 eine Draufsicht auf das zweite Befestigungselement; und
• 4 eine Seitenansicht eines in ein Bauteil eingebetteten zweiten Befestigungselements.

Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. It shows:

• 1 a perspective view of a second fastener as a single part;
• 2 a longitudinal section through the embedded in a component second fastener;
• 3 a plan view of the second fastening element; and
• 4 a side view of a component embedded in a second fastener element.

In the 1 to 3 is a second fastener 210 shown, which according to 2 in the substrate 230 a second component 230 , for example by encapsulation, is embedded. The second fastening element 210 acts with a first fastener 110 together that according to 4 in the substrate 130 a first component 130 , for example by encapsulation, is embedded.

The first fastening element 110 has a ball head at the top 116 and at the opposite lower end anchoring element 112 on, with which the first fastener 110 in the substrate 130 of the first component 110 is anchored. The anchoring element 112 points for this purpose, starting from the ball head 116 and a subsequent tapered in diameter neck 114 an anchor plate 123 and a number of protrusions 122 on, between each of which a groove 121 located. Through this plurality of grooves 121 and protrusions 122 is the fastener 110 by a reliable interlocking of the materials in the substrate 130 embedable and fixable. In the illustrated embodiment according to 4 has the anchoring element 112 five projections 122 on, for a tear-resistant anchoring in the substrate 130 to care. The lower end of the anchoring element 112 forms a conically tapered down anchor foot 124 , The anchor plate 123 closes when embedding the fastener 110 by means of the anchoring element 112 in the substrate 130 flush in one plane with this off.

The ball head 116 of the first fastener 110 has a largest ball diameter D2 and a smaller passage diameter on the other hand D1 at the top. In a preferred embodiment, the largest ball diameter D2 about 10 mm and the passage diameter D1 about 8.5 mm. The ratio of the largest diameter D2 to the passage diameter D1 is thus about 1.18. Preferably, this ratio D2 / D1 in a range of about 1.10 to 1.25.

The largest diameter D2 also corresponds to the largest diameter D2 a ball socket 226 that in the second fastener 210 is trained. The ball socket 226 is bounded at the top by a ball socket neck 224 ,

In the transition area between ball socket neck 224 and ball socket 226 creates a constriction, whose diameter D1 the passage diameter D1 on the ball head 116 equivalent. For the expert it is clear that the diameters D1 and D2 Tolerances can, for the above numerical example at a largest diameter D2 of about 10 mm, preferably in a range of about 0.1 mm.

The second fastening element 210 has an anchoring element in the lower area 212 with an anchor plate 221 on, at the top of a tapered in diameter groove 223 followed. Between the ball socket neck 224 and the outer contour of the ball socket 226 is another diameter tapered groove 225 educated. The upper edge of the ball socket neck 224 closes - as in 2 shown - preferably flush in a plane with the substrate 230 of the second component 230 from.

On the outer contour of the ball socket 226 starting from the groove 225 vertically downwards several, evenly distributed on the circumference arcuate projections 226 that are above the groove 223 end up. The projections 222 serve the additional stiffening of the ball socket 226 , Like the top view in 3 can be removed, in the illustrated embodiment, a total of eight projections 222 intended. However, this number is purely exemplary and may be due to a different number of protrusions 222 , preferably between four and ten protrusions 222 be replaced.

On the inside of the ball socket neck 224 is a down to the ball socket 226 expanding chamfering 228 formed, which is the insertion of the ball head 116 when pressed into the ball socket 226 facilitated. Starting from the upper edge of the ball socket neck 224 extends in front view U-shaped slot 227 with a fillet formed at its lower end 229 to the top of the ball socket 226 into it. The inventively provided single slot 227 allows an elastic expansion of the ball socket neck 224 when pressing in the ball head 116 in the ball socket 226 and then firmly gripping the ball head 116 through the ball socket 226 , Because only a single slot 227 is provided, a surprisingly high pull-out force of the first fastener 110 from the second fastener 210 reached. At the same time, this embodiment provides in conjunction with the chamfering 228 and the chosen diameter ratio D2 / D1 that the required press-in force when pressing in the ball head 116 in the ball socket 226 does not rise too high.

The second fastening element 210 is preferably formed of a high temperature resistant thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and preferably made as a plastic injection molded part. Especially suitable for this purpose is the material TEEE (known under the trade name Hytrel® 5555 HS, Hytrel® is a registered trademark of EI DUPONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY), which achieves high tear-out strengths even at operating temperatures up to 220 ° C be where the pull-out strength in the inventive design of the second fastener 210 still 50% of the value at normal ambient temperatures. At a largest diameter D2 of 10 mm, the break-out strength at 220 ° C is still about 40 N. Such operating temperatures occur, for example, in trim parts, which are arranged in the range of exhaust manifolds or exhaust systems of internal combustion engines.

The first fastening element 110 can be made of the same material as the second fastener 210 consist. Alternatively, however, the first fastening element may also be formed by a steel or cast-iron ball head on a metallic component or of another thermoplastic material. As another thermoplastic material is, for example, a polyamide (PA), such as PA 6.6 , optionally with a glass fiber reinforcement as PA 6.6 GF 30 , considering. But also polyoxymethylene (POM) and other thermoplastics are as material for the first fastener 110 very suitable. The fasteners 110 or. 210 preferably have a modulus of elasticity of about 800 to 8000 MPa.

As a substrate 130 or. 230 For example, polyurethane (PUR) foamed with soft foam is used having a density of about 50 kg / m ³ to 400 kg / m ³ and a Shore A hardness of 5 to 100. The second fastening element 210 made of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), when embedding by overmolding or foaming with the polyurethane (PUR), a particularly intensive adhesive bond is achieved and thus remains permanently secure in the substrate 230 anchored.

An inventive fastener 110 or. 210 has a high strength and is still due to the design of the anchoring elements 112 or. 212 for a very compact connection with the very light and soft substrate 130 or. 230 low density very well suited.

A particularly preferred field of application of the invention are, for example, trim parts in the engine compartment of a vehicle or in its drive train. Due to the design of the plastic part made of soft foam with a low Shore A hardness of 5 until about 100 is a plastic component according to the invention 100 particularly well suited for thermal insulation, for acoustic insulation and for vibration absorption.

Another preferred application of the invention, for example, interior trim parts of a substrate 130 or. 230 For secure detachable attachment to metal body parts with sturdy fasteners 110 or. 210 must be provided.

For the realization of the invention, it is sufficient, one of the fasteners 110 or. 210 or a plurality of spaced fasteners 110 or. 210 in a substrate 130 or. 230 embed. The complementarily shaped fastener 210 or. 110 can also be attached to a component where the substrate 230 or. 130 is mounted, for example, on a body component made of metal or arranged on a motor cover made of plastic or formed.

Alternatively, two may be made of a same or similar substrate 130 or. 230 existing plastic components through the fasteners 110 or. 210 be releasably connected to each other. An application example is a two-part housing made of polyurethane (PU) for accommodating a vehicle battery or a protective housing for a mobile device or another shock and / or temperature-sensitive electronic device called. As a further application example, an engine cover of a vehicle may be mentioned.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

110

(first) fastening element

112

anchoring element

114

neck

116

ball head

121

groove

122

head Start

123

anchor plate

124

anchor foot

130

Component (substrate)

210

(second) fastening element

212

anchoring element

221

anchor plate

222

head Start

223

groove

224

Ball socket neck

225

groove

226

ball socket

227

slot

228

chamfer

229

rounding

230

Component (substrate)

D1

Passage diameter

D2

(largest) ball diameter

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202016101303 U1 [0002]

Claims (11)

Device for fastening two adjacent components (130, 230) with at least one first fastening element (110) having a ball head (116) and with at least one second fastening element (210) having a ball socket (226), wherein the first fastening element (110 ) and the second fastening element (210) with anchoring elements (112, 212) for embedding and fixing in the respective component (130, 230) and by pressing the ball head (116) through a narrowed ball socket neck (224) in the ball socket (226) in a positive engagement can be brought together, characterized in that the second fastening element (210) in the region of the ball socket neck (224) exactly one parallel to the press-fitting slot (227). Device after Claim 1 , characterized in that the slot (227) breaks through the edge of the ball socket neck (224) and extends into the region of the ball socket (226). Device after Claim 1 and 2 , characterized in that on the outer circumference of the second fastening element (210) a plurality of projections (222) are arranged. Device after Claim 3 , characterized in that on the second fastening element (210) eight projections (222) are arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ball socket (226) in the transition region from the ball socket neck (224) has a passage diameter (D1) of about 8.5 mm. Device after Claim 5 , characterized in that the ball head (116) has a largest ball diameter (D2), which corresponds approximately to 1.1 to 1.25 times the passage diameter (D1). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the second fastening element (210) made of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) is formed. Device after Claim 7 , characterized in that the second fastening element (210) is formed from a high temperature resistant TEEE (Hytrel® 5555 HS). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the second fastening element (210) has a modulus of elasticity of 800 MPa to 8,000 MPa. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the second fastening element (210) receiving component (230) made of a soft foam having a density of 50 kg / m ³ to 400 kg / m ³ and a Shore A hardness of 5 to 100 exists. Device after Claim 10 , characterized in that at least the second fastening element (210) receiving component (230) made of polyurethane (PUR) are formed.

Images