DE102016214190B3 - Ring spinning machine and method for operating a ring spinning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a ring spinning machine comprising at least one drafting system (4) and at least one spinning device with a ring rail (5.1) with at least one ring (5.1.1) and on each ring (5.1.1) a revolving rotor (5.1.2) and a Spindle bank (5) with at least one receptacle (5.0) for a spindle (5.5), below the drafting system (4) and the ring rail (5.1) slivers (1.1) can be positioned so that each spinning device a sliver (1.1) from below by the drafting system (4) can be fed, and the ring rail (5.1) is positioned above the drafting system (4), so that during operation of the ring spinning machine (9) each spindle (5.5) is enclosed by a ring (5.1.1), wherein the spindle (5.5) is suspended in the spindle bank (5), so that the sliver (1.1) is guided from bottom to top by the ring spinning machine (9), wherein for inserting sleeves on the spindles (5.5) and for the Removal of sleeves from the spindles (5.5) the spindle bank (5) is rotatable about a horizontal axis, so that the spindles (5.5) are for insertion and removal of the sleeves. The invention further relates to a method for operating the ring spinning machine.

Description

The invention relates to a ring spinning machine comprising at least one drafting system and at least one spinning device with a ring rail with a ring and a rotor rotating on the ring and a receptacle for a spindle, below the drafting system and the ring rail slivers can be positioned so that each Drafting a sliver can be fed from below, and the ring rail is positioned above the drafting system and during operation of the ring spinning machine enclosing the spindle, wherein the spindle is suspended in the receptacle for the spindle, so that the sliver from bottom to top through the ring spinning machine to be led.

Ring spinning machines have been used for many years for the production of yarns. The machines are usually constructed symmetrically and include a variety, usually up to more than 1000, spinning stations on each side. Usually, a sliver is spun in a flyer to a roving and the roving guided over hanging on the ceiling transport rails to the individual jobs of a ring spinning machine. The roving is then drawn in a drafting of the ring spinning machine and spun by the movement of the circulating on the ring runner through which the stretched roving is guided, spun into yarn. The movement of the rotor on the ring is in this case induced by rotation of a seated on a spindle sleeve on which the yarn is wound.

Due to the centrifugal forces occurring during the spinning process, the ring on which the rotor runs can not be made arbitrarily large, so that the diameter of the cop, which is generated when winding the yarn on the sleeve, is limited. This also continues to result in a limited amount of yarn on the sleeve. Once the maximum amount of yarn has been generated and the cop finished, this is removed with a customer, the so-called "doffer", and used an empty sleeve.

In order to obtain a uniform yarn quality, the jobs of a ring spinning machine are operated synchronously.

Disadvantage of the ring spinning machines commonly used is that on the one hand because of the necessary flyer for producing the roving a large space is required and also expensive transport devices are necessary to transport the sliver usually with cans to the flyer and further generated in the roving roving on so-called flyers to the ring spinning machine. Furthermore, the production quantity is limited due to physical properties. Thus, as already mentioned above, centrifugal forces result in limiting the maximum diameter that a cop may have, furthermore, the centrifugal forces on the yarn and friction conditions on the rotor also result in limiting the maximum possible speed with which the yarn can be produced ,

In particular, to reduce the effort to produce in a flyer the roving and thereby provide a complex transport system for cans and then flyers, is out DE 41 09 113 A1 a ring spinning machine known, in which, unlike in conventional ring spinning the thread is guided from bottom to top and below the drafting the cans are provided with the sliver, so that without the interposition of a flyer directly pulled the sliver from the cans in the drafting and then in the Ring spinning unit is spun to yarn. The spindles of the ring spinning unit are arranged hanging. In addition to the saving of the complex transport system for the sliver and the roving to the respective jobs is achieved by a structure in which the sliver can be directly stretched and spun without the intermediate production of a roving and a significant energy savings.

Disadvantage of in DE 41 09 113 A1 described ring spinning machine, however, that the spindles can be removed only with great expenditure of time and consuming from the ring spinning machine, which due to the small amount of yarn that can be produced per spindle, large downtime arise.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a ring spinning machine, which has a less complex structure than conventional ring spinning machines and in particular does not require a flyer and in which further exchanging the spindles can be done easily automated.

This object is achieved by a ring spinning machine comprising at least one drafting device and at least one spinning device with a ring rail with at least one ring and on each ring a revolving runner and a spindle bank with at least one receptacle for a spindle, wherein below the drafting system and the ring rail slivers can be positioned so that each sliver a sliver can be fed from below through the drafting system, and the ring rail is positioned above the drafting system, so that during operation of the ring spinning machine, each spindle is enclosed by a ring, wherein the spindle suspended in the spindle bank it's so that the sliver is guided from bottom to top by the ring spinning machine, wherein for insertion of sleeves on the spindles and for the removal of sleeves from the spindles, the spindle bank is rotatable about a horizontal axis, so that the spindles for inserting and for removing the sleeves stand.

In the context of the present invention, the expression "that the spindles are suspended" means that the spindles are at the top and the free end of the spindles points downwards in the direction of the ground, whereas the term "spindles" means that the spindles are picked up is down and the free end of the spindles points upwards.

Due to the design of the spindle bank with the receptacles for the spindle in such a way that it is rotatable about a horizontal axis, it is possible, the sleeves for exchanging, that is to remove the cop and for inserting an empty sleeve to turn up, so that these can be easily removed upwards. This has the particular advantage that the replacement of the sleeves can be done automatically in a short time and also in the manner known for conventional ring machines with standing spindles.

Since a yarn reserve is required for rotating the spindle bank, since the yarn can otherwise tear, the spindle bank is preferably mounted displaceable vertically so that the horizontal axis is higher when the spindle is suspended than when the spindle is turned upwards. As an alternative to the design with a vertically displaceable spindle bank, it is also possible to provide the required yarn reserve by, for example, before the spindle spindle is rotated by all the spindles of the spindle bank, some yarn is unwound again. The provision of the yarn reserve is required because the yarn clamped to the spindle partially wound around the ring rail during rotation of the spindle bank and the associated pivoting of the spindle.

In order to enable the quickest possible replacement of the sleeves, it is preferred if the replacement can be automated. In a preferred embodiment, for this purpose, a pickup is arranged above the spindle bank, with which the sleeves can be removed from the spindle or inserted onto the spindle. Here, to replace the sleeves, the filled sleeve, ie the cop, is first removed from the spindle with the pickup and preferably inserted into a transport system for the sleeves. Then an empty sleeve is picked up by the customer and inserted on the spindle. Here it is possible to use the same transport system for the cops and for the empty pods. Furthermore, it is also possible to design the pickup so that it comprises two separate receiving devices, wherein first a receiving device receives an empty shell, then the second receiving device removes the cop from the spindle, in a further step, the empty shell is inserted and Finally, the cop is set in the transport system. Due to the inventive ability to bring the sleeves for removal and insertion in an upright position, it is possible to customers, generally called Doffer, use, which correspond to those used for presently usual ring spinning machines with standing spindle.

Since a ring spinning machine usually includes a plurality of spinning stations, which are all arranged side by side, it is particularly advantageous if a transport system for the sleeves is arranged parallel to the spindle bank. This makes it possible to insert empty sleeves into the transport system on one side from a central feed point, to guide them along the ring spinning machine to the respective spinning stations and to guide the cops through the transport system after the replacement of the sleeves to a central removal point and remove them there , The cops are then processed in the usual way and rewound in a winder on a larger coil.

In order to save space is particularly in symmetrical spinning machines, the transport system preferably inside. Furthermore, the transport system is preferably arranged so that the transported with the transport system sleeves are positioned above the hanging spindles. For a quick replacement of the sleeves, the transport system is further preferably designed so that the sleeves are conveyed standing in the transport system.

The provision of the sliver for the individual spinning stations is preferably carried out with cans, as they are already used in ring spinning processes. In order to obtain a space-saving construction, the cans are preferably positioned below the actual spinning stations. The sliver is then passed directly from the pot to the drafting system. For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to arrange the cans in several parallel rows below the ring spinning machine. Particularly preferred is an arrangement with three adjacent cans. It is furthermore particularly preferred to arrange the cans in a staggered manner so that they take up as little space as possible. The arrangement of the cans below the ring spinning machine allows despite the larger space requirement for the cans compared to the space required for the otherwise used ring spinning machines with flyers and spindles spooling Ring spinning machines without increased space next to each other set up.

In particular, in a conventional division, that is, the usual distance between two spinning units in the ring spinning machine, of 70 mm and the use of cans with a diameter of 9 inches, as they are currently used, it is possible by staggered groups of three, the cans without place additional space below the spinning stations, as the cans, when placed side by side, are wider than the three spinning stations served by the cans.

In order to operate the ring spinning machine as trouble-free as possible, in particular to prevent the thread tearing due to high centrifugal forces, a thread guide and / or a balloon ring are preferably positioned between the drafting system and the ring rail. The yarn guide and the balloon ring correspond to those as they are already used in conventional ring spinning machines. As a thread guide while a so-called "Sauschwanzfadenführer" is preferably used. In such a yarn guide an eyelet in the form of a Sauschwanzes is created by bending a wire into which a thread can be easily threaded. In order to enable safe operation of the ring spinning machine, it is particularly preferred if a thread guide and a balloon ring are used.

In order to enable the rotation of the spindle bank about the horizontal axis, it is further necessary that the yarn guide and the balloon ring are vertically displaceable. This allows the yarn guide and the balloon ring to be moved downwards, thus freeing the spindle pivoting range.

Since the rings of the ring rail enclose the spindles during the spinning process, it is furthermore necessary to either rotate the ring rail for rotating the spindle rail or, alternatively and preferably, also to move it out of the pivot range of the spindle rail. For this purpose, the ring rail is preferably vertically displaced so far that the ring rail can be guided to a position below the spindle with the sleeve seated thereon to allow the spindle spindle to rotate. The vertical movement of the ring rail from the range of rotation of the spindle bank allows a simpler construction than would be necessary if the ring rail is rotated with the spindle bank.

In order to further avoid that the yarn slips out of the rotor during the replacement of the spindles, the yarn is preferably kept under a gentle tension. For this purpose, a yarn tensioner is preferably positioned above the drafting system. If, as usual, a yarn guide and a balloon ring are used, the yarn tensioner is preferably positioned above the drafting system and below the yarn guide and balloon ring. So that yarn guide, balloon ring and ring rail can be moved out of the swivel range of the spindle rail, it may be necessary to make the yarn tensioner also displaceable. Alternatively, it is also possible to position the yarn tensioner so that it does not interfere with the movement of yarn guide, balloon ring and ring rail without being moved.

Due to the usually very large number of spinning stations in a ring spinning machine, which can include well over 1000 spinning stations, ring spinning machines are generally designed mirror-symmetrical. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the ring spinning machine comprises a plurality of sections, each section each comprising a plurality of drafting devices and spinning devices. Since each spinning device is associated with a drafting system, the number of drafting and spinning devices of a section is identical. The total number of drafting devices and spinning devices is preferably a multiple of the number of rows of slivers for sliver storage, which are positioned below the drafting units. Thus, if it is intended to provide three cans per row, the number of drafting and spinning devices of a section is a multiple of three. Usually one section comprises 24 or 48 spinning stations.

Preferably, the individual sections are each separated by carriers for the ring spinning machine. The number of drafting and spinning devices is thus dependent on the number of parallel rows of cans, in addition to how many cans can be positioned next to each other between two carriers. The carriers on which the spinning machine stands can have any desired shape known to those skilled in the art. For example, it is possible to provide portals or a central support in the middle.

The individual spindles of the ring spinning machine can in principle be driven by a central drive as in conventional ring spinning machines. However, it is preferred to drive each spindle with its own drive, in particular a synchronous motor. The use of a synchronous motor on the one hand has the advantage that yarn faults that can occur due to non-uniform movement, for example due to jerking of a very long shaft, are avoided. In addition, the use of synchronous motors allows a consistent and uniform yarn quality on all spindles. The synchronous motors of the individual spindles are preferably synchronously by a controlled central control unit. The central control unit is preferably located at one end of the ring spinning machine.

Should there be a thread break at a spinning station, the affected spindle is braked, thereby falls out of the synchronous speed and comes to a stop. The brakes already in use can be used to brake the spindle.

After correcting the error, the spindle should be brought back to the speed required for production as quickly as possible. For this special motors are known, which allow the restarting up to the synchronous speed. However, this requires individual software and hardware for each spindle.

However, it is preferred if, in order to restart the spindle, a pneumatically operated turbine is included in order to bring the spindle back to the speed required for the production as quickly as possible. With the pneumatically operated turbine, the spindle can be brought to the required speed very quickly and then operated with the centrally controlled synchronous motor.

In order to avoid that the thread jumps out of the rotor during vertical displacement of the ring rail, it is further preferred if the ring rail comprises a fuse with which the rotor can be fixed. This has the advantage that the rotor is held in its position when the machine is at a standstill, and secondly, with the retaining ring an opening in the rotor, which is necessary due to the geometric configuration of the ring, can pass through the holder for the ring can, can be closed. Such a fuse can be, for example, an axially displaceable locking ring, which does not touch the rotor in a first position, so that it can move freely and rests in a second position on the rotor. Alternatively, however, the fuse may be an elastic sleeve, for example.

In order to avoid complex threading during a lot change, that is to say when replacing the sliver, it is furthermore preferred if a sliver guide with a clamp for the sliver that can be displaced vertically by at least one stack length is positioned below the drafting system. As soon as a game change is pending, the ring spinning machine is stopped. The remaining sliver is held with the clamp and the clamp is moved vertically downwards by at least one staple length. As a result, the sliver tears between the drafting and the clamp, so that remains in the stationary drafting a residue of the sliver and forms a tuft. After the game change, that is, after the replacement of the cans, the new sliver is clamped in the clamp of Luntenführung, the clamp is moved up until the remaining in the drafting tuft and the new sliver come into contact with each other. Subsequently, the clamp is moved further upwards at a speed which corresponds to the circumferential speed of the input rollers of the drafting system. As a result, the new sliver connects to the tuft and it is produced a continuous sliver, so that it is possible to perform the lot change without an opening of the drafting. It is not necessary to re-thread the sliver after the batch change.

• (a) Einsetzen einer Hülse auf eine Spindel und Drehen der Spindelbank, so dass die Spindel nach dem Drehen in der Spindelbank hängt,
• (b) Verschieben der Ringbank nach oben, so dass die Ringe die Spindeln umschließen und, soweit vorhanden, Verschieben der Fadenführer und der Ballonringe an die für den Betrieb der Ringspinnmaschine erforderliche Position,
• (c) Verstrecken von Faserband im Streckwerk und Verspinnen des Faserbandes zu einem Garn,
• (d) Aufwickeln des Garns auf die Hülse zur Erzeugung eines Cops,
• (e) Vertikales Verschieben von Ringbank und, sofern umfasst von Fadenführer und Ballonring, nach unten und Drehen der Spindelbank mit dem Cop, so dass der Cop nach dem Drehen steht und nach oben aus der Spindelbank entnommen werden kann,
• (f) Wiederholen der Schritte (a) bis (e).

In normal operation, a method for operating a ring spinning machine according to the invention comprises the following steps:

• (a) inserting a sleeve onto a spindle and rotating the spindle bench so that the spindle hangs in the spindle bench after rotation,
• (b) moving the ring rail upwards, so that the rings enclose the spindles and, if present, shifting the thread guides and the balloon rings to the position required for the operation of the ring spinning machine,
• (c) stretching sliver in the drafting system and spinning the sliver into a yarn,
• (d) winding the yarn on the sleeve to produce a cop,
• (e) vertically shifting the ring rail and, if comprised by the thread guide and balloon ring, down and rotating the spindle rail with the cop so that the cop stands after turning and can be removed upwards from the spindle rail,
• (f) repeating steps (a) through (e).

The steps (a), (b) and (e) are respectively performed when cops having the maximum possible thread amount have been produced. Since it is then not possible to produce more yarn, it is necessary to swap the sleeves. For this purpose, the cops are removed from the spindle and empty sleeves are used. Subsequently, yarn can then be further generated. This process can be repeated until the supply of sliver is exhausted below the drafting equipment. As soon as the supply of sliver is used up, that is, a game change is necessary, the sliver is held in the terminal of the Luntenführung and moved the clamp down so that the sliver tears between drafting and clamp for the lot change. Since the individual fibers of the sliver are shifted against each other when moving the clamp, it is necessary that the clamp is displaceable by at least one staple length. This ensures that not individual fibers of the sliver still hang together.

After moving the clamp down, it is possible to remove the empty cans or the only remains of sliver containing cans and swap through fiber sliver filled cans. For this purpose, first the clamp is opened, so that the remains of sliver fall into the empty cans. After removal of the empty cans or the only remains of sliver containing cans are filled with sliver cans positioned under the ring spinning machine. The fresh sliver is then clamped in the clamp of the sliver guide. Subsequently, the clamp is moved back up against a hanging in the input rollers of the drafting tuft. After contact of the sliver held in the clamp with the tuft, the further movement of the clamp is carried upward at a speed corresponding to the peripheral speed of the input rollers of the drafting system. After reaching the upper end position, the clamp is opened and the sliver is released. The spinning process can then be continued. This makes it possible to supply fresh sliver without opening the drafting and threading the sliver in the ring spinning machine.

If the sliver is not presented in cans, but in other ways, it is of course also possible to track according to either other reservoir or sliver without reservoir. However, the use of cans has the advantage that the replacement can be automated. Since the content in all cans is generally the same, all cans on one side of a ring spinning machine are usually emptied at the same time. Residues of sliver that remain in the cans can then be recycled to new sliver and further processed.

For example, to provide a reserve of twine for rotating the spindles, it is possible to vertically displace the spindle bank. In this case, the spindle bank is moved upwards, when the spindles are brought from the standing to the hanging position and down, when the spindles are brought from the hanging to the standing position. Alternatively, some yarn can be unwound from the sleeve again to provide the yarn reserve.

If the spindle bank is moved vertically to provide the reserve of yarn, the necessary to change the sleeves rotating and vertical displacement of the spindle bank can be done either simultaneously or it is possible to move the spindle first recording vertically and then rotate when the spindle from the hanging in the standing position and accordingly first to rotate and then to move vertically when the spindle is to be moved from the standing to the hanging position. By this appropriate movement is avoided that an excessive tension on the yarn acts.

If some yarn is unwound to provide the yarn reserve, this is only necessary before the spindle bank is rotated, bringing the spindles out of the hanging to the standing position. After exchanging the sleeves and turning the spindle bench, where the spindles are moved from the upright to the suspended position, the spindles can be spun again as normal.

Since it can not be avoided that occasional yarn breaks occur on individual spindles, the ring spinning machine according to the invention is preferably designed so that each spindle can be stopped individually. This means that upon detection of a thread break the corresponding spindle is stopped. The detection of a thread breakage can be done by the usual methods already used for ring spinning machines today. In order to avoid that in a thread break broken yarn blocks the drafting or knots in the drafting or the spinning unit, preferably a central suction is provided. The suction corresponds to that, as it is already used in the usual way used ring spinning machines.

After stopping the spindle, it is possible to repair the damage and then continue spinning at the appropriate spinning station. To bring the spindle as quickly as possible back to the synchronous speed of all spindles and so to obtain a consistent and uniform yarn quality over all spindles is preferred when using synchronous motors for driving the individual spindles when the spindle accelerates when starting with the pneumatically driven turbine becomes.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the figures and are explained in more detail in the following description.

Show it:

1a a cross section through a ring spinning machine according to the invention,

1b a cross section through a ring spinning machine in a second embodiment,

2a a detail of a ring spinning machine with spindle in working position,

2 B a section of a ring spinning machine with spindle in a position for replacement,

3a a schematic representation of a structure of a ring spinning machine,

3b a top view of the lower part of a ring spinning machine,

3c a detail of the top view 3b to illustrate the arrangement of the cans,

4 a cross section of a spindle bank,

5a a section through a ring rail with locking ring in spinning position,

5b a section through a ring rail with retaining ring in a position for fixing the rotor,

5c an exploded view of a ring rail,

6 a Luntenführung and the entrance to the drafting system.

1 shows a cross section through an inventively designed ring spinning machine, the ring spinning machine is constructed symmetrically.

In a ring spinning machine constructed according to the invention, cans are made 1 a sliver 1.1 submitted. Alternative to the pitchers 1 Any other supply for the sliver is conceivable. Usually, however, especially because of the simple exchange cans 1 prefers. The sliver 1.1 is through a Luntenführung 3 a drafting system 4 fed. In the in 1a illustrated embodiment includes the drafting system 4 four pairs of rollers. The pairs of rollers in the drafting system rotate at different speeds, so that the supplied sliver 1.1 in the drafting system 4 is stretched to a greater length. The stretched sliver 1.2 is from the last pair of rollers 4.1 of the drafting system 4 through a thread guide 5.3 and a balloon ring 5.2 a ring rail 5.1 fed and from the ring rail 5.1 on one on a spindle 5.5 sitting and not shown sleeve wound to produce a cops. The spindle 5.5 is in a spindle bank 5 added. The spindle bank 5 According to the invention is rotatable about a horizontal axis and mounted vertically displaceable in a preferred embodiment for the provision of a yarn reserve. Above the spindles 5.5 there is a customer 6 Also called Doffer, with which the sleeves can be exchanged. Once a cop has been created, it will be with the customer 6 from the spindle bank 5 taken and can subsequently with a transport system 7 be removed from the ring spinning machine. Subsequently, using the customer 6 an empty sleeve in the spindle bank 5 used and this brought by rotation in the spinning position. With solid line is in 1a represented the position in which the yarn is spun, that is, the spindle 5.5 hangs. The position at which the sleeve from the spinning bank 5 can be taken, is shown in dashed lines. Also dashed is the position of the pickup 6 shown in the customer 6 remove the sleeve or insert a new sleeve.

The ring spinning machine can be operated so that not all sleeves on both sides of the ring spinning machine are filled at the same time completely with yarn, so that alternately once on the left side and once on the right side, the cops can be removed and replaced by empty sleeves. For this it is necessary that the customer 6 can approach different positions. These are shown with the letters A, B, C and D. At position A can cops from the spindle bank 5 be removed or empty spindles in the spindle bank 5 be used on the left side. At position B either empty tubes from the transport system 7 taken or the cops in the transport system 7 used for the left side. Accordingly, at position D, either the right-side cops will come out of the spindle bank 5 removed or an empty sleeve in the spindle bank 5 the right side inserted and removed at the position C, the empty sleeve from the transport system for the right side or the cop in the transport system 7 used on the right side.

To the spindle bank 5 To be able to rotate, the spindles preferably have a single drive, in particular with a synchronous motor on.

In order to prevent any possible thread breakage, that thread is at the drafting system 4 or entangled or knotted in the spinning unit, the ring spinning machine has a central suction 5.6 on. In the case of a yarn break so the remains of the thread are sucked into the suction and a multiple looping the drafting rollers or knotting can be prevented.

In addition, a yarn tensioner 5.4 be present, with the yarn is always kept under a slight tension, so this is not out of the runner of the ring rail 5.1 can jump.

In the in 1a illustrated embodiment, the individual parts of the ring spinning machine are accommodated in a frame, wherein this in the region of the cans 1 forming a portal so that the pitchers 1 through the portal of the frame.

An alternative design for the frame is in 1b shown. The construction of in 1b shown ring spinning machine corresponds substantially to the in 1a shown. In contrast to the portal under which the pitchers 1 can be performed, the framework of in 1b illustrated embodiment in the lower part in the area of the cans designed in the form of a double-T-carrier and has a central support. The pitchers 1 can be moved to the left and right of the carrier.

In 2a is the position of the spindle 5.5 during the spinning process. 2 B shows the position of the spindle 5.5 for removing and inserting a sleeve.

During spinning, the spindle bank is 5 so turned that the spindle 5.5 with the sleeve, not shown here, hangs in the receptacle, that points down. The ring bank 5.1 The spindle surrounds the rotor running on the ring 5.5 , Below the ring bank 5.1 are the balloon ring 5.2 and the thread guide 5.3

The sliver 1.1 is through the drafting system 4 guided and after passing the last pair of rollers 4.1 becomes the sliver stretched in the drafting system 1.2 through the thread guide 5.3 and the balloon ring 5.2 to the runner of the ring bank 5.1 guided. Through the rotor, the thread runs on the sleeve on the spindle 5.5 , By rotational movements of the spindle 5.5 The yarn is spun and wound up on the sleeve. To wind the yarn evenly on the sleeve to produce the cops, the ring rail moves during spinning 5.1 velvet balloon ring 5.2 and thread guides 5.3 back and forth. Alternatively, it is also possible to use the ring rail 5.1 , the balloon ring 5.2 and the thread guide 5.3 to hold it in a fixed position and the spindle 5.5 to move up and down. However, a movement of ring rail is preferred 5.1 , Balloon ring 5.2 and thread guides 5.3 ,

Once the cop is filled, the spindle becomes 5.5 stopped and the spinning process ended. To remove the cop and to insert a new sleeve are now first the thread guide 5.3 , the balloon ring 5.2 and the ring bank 5.1 moved in the direction of the drafting, leaving the spindle 5.5 is no longer enclosed by one of these parts. The position in which the thread guide 5.3 and the balloon ring 5.2 to be guided is dashed in 2a shown. In 2 B are the thread guide 5.3 and the balloon ring 5.2 as well as the ring bank 5.1 shown in the required position for pivoting the spindle with solid lines.

After ringbank 5.1 , Balloon ring 5.2 and thread guides 5.3 moved down, the spindle bank 5 rotated 180 ° about the horizontal axis, leaving the spindle on the spindle bank 5 stands.

To those for turning the spindle bank 5 to provide necessary yarn reserve, the spindle bank 5 during pivoting or alternatively before pivoting from the in 2a position shown in the in 2 B moved position shown down. The yarn reserve is required, as that on the spindle 5.5 pinching yarn 8th when pivoting the spindle 5.5 by rotation of the recording 5 around the horizontal axis partially around the ring rail 5.1 wraps.

Once the in 2 B shown position is reached, the sleeve with the customer 6 from the spindle 5.5 be removed and put a new empty sleeve on the spindle 5.5 be set. Subsequently, a movement takes place back into the in 2a shown position, in which case the rotation of the receptacle about the horizontal axis and the vertical upward displacement can be done simultaneously or only the rotation takes place and then the move. After turning the spindle bank 5 with the spindle, the ring rail 5.1 , the balloon ring 5.2 and the thread guide 5.3 move back into the necessary for spinning positions.

As an alternative to the shifting of the ring rail shown here, it is also possible to provide the yarn reserve by unwinding from the cop. In this case, the spindle bank can be rotated without being moved.

To prevent the yarn 8th when removing the cop or when inserting the sleeve from the rotor of the ring rail 5.1 it is advantageous if the yarn jumps 8th always kept under a gentle tension. For this purpose, for example, a yarn tensioner 5.4 be used.

A schematic structure of a ring spinning machine is in the 3a . 3b and 3c shown.

3a shows the schematic structure in side view, 3b the floor plan and 3c a section of the floor plan in 3b ,

Since due to the centrifugal forces occurring during spinning limits the production speed is, and there are no high speeds for the rotation of the spindle and thus the rotor in the ring rail 5.1 can be adjusted, it is necessary for an economical production to produce at the same time a large number of threads. For this purpose, a ring spinning machine on a plurality of individual spinning stations. The spinning stations are preferably in individual sections 9.2 divided. The sections can each be frame 2 be separated from each other. Usually, the individual spinning stations are located between the frames 2 , where the frame 2 as a carrier for the construction and the support of the individual elements of the spinning machine 9 serve.

The drive 9.1 for the spindles preferably sits at one end of the ring spinning machine. When using synchronous motors is via the drive 9.1 synchronized the speed of each synchronous motors. This ensures that the synchronous motors of the individual spindles all rotate at the same speed, so that at all spinning positions of the ring spinning machine 9 a yarn of the same quality is produced.

3b shows a floor plan of the ring spinning machine 9 , where the frame 2 is executed as a portal frame, as in 1a is shown. The individual frames 2 separate here as in 3a represented the individual sections from each other.

For a page of a section is in 3b represented as the pitchers 1 that can accommodate the sliver, can be arranged. Here, each three cans are arranged side by side, with the individual rows of three of the cans are positioned offset from each other to the largest possible number of pitchers 1 to position in a section and thus make the best possible use of the space. The arrangement of the pitchers 1 in a section is in detail in 3c shown. The width of a section 9.4 is so big that the pitchers 1 for example as with arrow 9.7 can be shown transversely inserted. Alternatively, it is also possible to use the pitchers 1 along, as with arrow 9.8 shown, insert. For this purpose, it is necessary to make the distance between the portal columns so wide that the cans can be inserted.

To get the tightest possible packing, the cans, as shown here, for example, in groups of three 9.5 . 9.6 arranged, with the second triplet 9.6 moved to the first group of three 9.5 is arranged on a gap. Through the individual frames 2 arises in each case between the sections 9.2 a gap. This has the advantage that, for example, drive elements for the spindles can be accommodated in the area of the gap. Also, the drive elements for the separate drives of the rollers of the drafting systems can be positioned here. The positioning of the groups of three on gap has the further advantage that with the use of usual 9-inch cans and a division of the spinning machine of 70 mm all cans can be positioned below the spinning stations of a section and the space requirement in the width is not greater than that Width of all adjacent spinning stations, which are equipped by the cans.

By positioning the drives for the rollers of the drafting systems 4 in the frame areas between the segments, it is possible to keep the rollers of the drafting systems in a length at which no torsion occurs, so that all lower rollers of the drafting devices of a section work uniformly. It is preferred if the 9-inch cans customary for ring spinning machines are used to receive the sliver. Furthermore, it is particularly preferred per section 9.2 eight triplets 9.5 . 9.6 to provide, so that a section 9.2 a symmetrical ring spinning machine 48 spinning stations, which has proven itself. However, it is alternatively also possible to provide, instead of the groups of three, groups of two or four or any other number of cans. Also, any other number of triplets, for example, 6, 7, 9 or 10 triplets may be provided instead of eight triplets per section.

4 shows a section through a preferred embodiment of a spindle rail.

A spindle bank 5 comprises in the embodiment shown here at least one receptacle 5.0 for a spindle 5.5 and a drive. The drive is preferably a single drive and in particular a synchronous motor 10 that is from a stator 10.1 in which a moving magnetic rotating field is generated by means of alternating current or three-phase current, and a permanent magnet as a rotor 10.2 is constructed. The speed of the synchronous motor is set by the frequency of the alternating or three-phase current. To obtain a uniform result at all spinning positions of the ring spinning machine, the synchronous motors 10 preferably driven by a central rotary field generator. This is preferably on the drive side 9.1 the ring spinning machine 9 positioned.

In normal operation of the ring spinning machine all synchronous motors 10 one side of the ring spinning machine started and shut down at the same time, so that is ensured by the central rotary field generator that all synchronous motors 10 and thus all spindles of the side of the ring spinning machine are operated at the same speed. The setting of the speed is usually carried out with the aid of a frequency converter.

Once on a spindle 5.5 a yarn break is detected, this is stopped with a brake and falls out of the synchronous speed. For detecting the yarn break, any known to those skilled sensor device can be used, as they are already used today on conventional ring spinning machines. As brake can also be any brake, as is known in the art, are used.

After fixing the damage, the spindle should be 5.5 be brought back to operating speed as soon as possible. In order to overcome the moment of inertia occurring when starting a synchronous motor is in the embodiment shown here at the lower end of the shaft, with the synchronous motor 10 is driven, a pneumatically driven turbine 11 arranged. The pneumatically operated turbine 11 has a turbine wheel 11.3 , a compressed gas connection 11.1 and an outlet 11.2 on. To bring the spindle back to synchronous speed, pressurized gas, usually compressed air, via the compressed gas connection 11.1 fed. The turbine wheel 11.3 is accelerated by the compressed gas and thus brings the shaft with the spindle sitting on it 5.5 in a rotational movement. In this way, the spindle is brought back to the synchronous speed of the synchronous motors in a short time.

A preferred embodiment of the ring rail 5.1 is in the 5a . 5b and 5c shown.

A ring bank 5.1 includes a ring 5.1.1 and one on the ring 5.1.1 revolving runner 5.1.2 , In order to prevent the vertical movement of the ring rail necessary for the replacement of the spindles 5.1 the yarn from the runner 5.1.2 jumps, is also a fuse 5.1.3 , in the preferred embodiment shown here in the form of a securing ring, with which the rotor 5.1.2 can be held in its position at standstill. 5a shows the fuse designed as a circlip 5.1.3 in a first position in which the runner 5.1.2 is free and on the ring 5.1.1 can run around. This position takes the circlip during spinning operation.

As soon as the operation is interrupted, for example to change the spindles, the circlip is moved to a second position. This second position is in 5b shown. In the second position, the circlip is on the runner 5.1.2 and keeps him in this position. The runner can not continue on the ring 5.1.1 move. In addition, with the retaining ring an opening in the rotor 5.1.2 locked. This will prevent the yarn from the runner 5.1.2 can jump. The opening in the runner 5.1.2 is necessary for the runner 5.1.2 retaining elements 5.1.4 can happen with which the ring 5.1.1 is held on the ring spinning machine. The holding elements 5.1.4 For example - as in the exploded view of the ring rail in 5c shown - be cylinder jacket segments. Alternatively, the retaining elements 5.1.4 also be pins. On the holding elements 5.1.4 The circlip is also guided. As an alternative to a circlip is also any other form of fuse 5.1.3 possible with which the runner can be held in place and closed. So can as a backup 5.1.3 For example, an elastic cuff can be used.

To avoid that during a lot change the drafting system 4 opened and new sliver must be threaded, a slotted guide with movable clamp is preferably provided as in 6 is shown.

The Luntenführung 3 has a clamp 12 on, with the sliver can be clamped. This is with the arrows with reference numbers 12.1 shown. During the spinning process is the clamp 12 opened so that the sliver 1.1 from the first pair of rollers 4.2 of the drafting system 4 can be recovered. Once a batch change is envisaged, for example, if the sliver 1.1 is used up, the ring spinning machine is stopped before the entire sliver 1.1 was pulled into the drafting system. The sliver 1.1 will then with the clamp 12 trapped and held. the clamp 12 becomes like the arrow 12.2 shown pulled down, wherein the stroke is at least one staple length. This will ensure that the sliver 1.1 between the first pair of rollers 4.2 and the clamp 12 the Luntenführung 3 tears, creating a tuft. Subsequently, the torn-off remainder of the sliver 1.1 released from the clamp and a new sliver 1.1 is inserted. the clamp 12 moves against the direction 12.2 back up until the newly inserted sliver 1.1 touched the tuft of the old sliver. Subsequently, the clamp is moved at a speed which is the peripheral speed of the rolls of the first pair of rolls 4.2 matches until the clamp 12 the Luntenführung 3 has reached its upper end position. Then the clamp 12 opened again and the end of the new sliver connects to the tuft of the old sliver, so that the new sliver is pulled directly through the drafting and spun into yarn.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 pot

1.1

 sliver

1.2

 stretched sliver

2

 frame

3

 Luntenführung

4

 drafting system

4.1

 last pair of rollers

4.2

 feed rollers

5

 spindle rail

5.0

 Recording for a spindle

5.1

 ring rail

5.1.1

 ring

5.1.2

 runner

5.1.3

 fuse

5.2

 balloon ring

5.3

 thread guides

5.4

 Garnspanner

5.5

 spindle

5.6

 central suction

6

 customer

7

 transport system

8th

 yarn

9

 Ring spinning machine

9.1

 drive

9.2

 section

9.4

 Width of a section

9.5

 first triplet

9.6

 second triplet

9.7

 Insertion direction across the section

9.8

 Insertion direction along the section

10

 synchronous motor

10.1

 stator

10.2

 runner

11

 pneumatically operated turbine

11.1

 Compressed gas connection

11.2

 outlet

11.3

 turbine

A, B, C, D

Positions of the customer 6

Claims (17)

Ring spinning machine comprising at least one drafting system ( 4 ) and at least one spinning device with a ring rail ( 5.1 ) with at least one ring ( 5.1.1 ) and on each ring ( 5.1.1 ) a circulating runner ( 5.1.2 ) and a spindle bank ( 5 ) with at least one recording ( 5.0 ) for a spindle ( 5.5 ), below the drafting system ( 4 ) and the ring rail ( 5.1 ) Slivers ( 1.1 ) can be positioned so that each spinning device a sliver ( 1.1 ) from below through the drafting system ( 4 ) can be fed, and the ring rail ( 5.1 ) above the drafting system ( 4 ) is positioned so that during operation of the ring spinning machine ( 9 ) each spindle ( 5.5 ) of a ring ( 5.1.1 ) is enclosed, wherein the spindle ( 5.5 ) suspended in the spindle bank ( 5 ), so that the sliver ( 1.1 ) from bottom to top through the ring spinning machine ( 9 ), characterized in that for inserting sleeves on the spindles ( 5.5 ) and for the removal of sleeves from the spindles ( 5.5 ) the spindle bank ( 5 ) is rotatable about a horizontal axis, so that the spindles ( 5.5 ) stand for insertion and removal of the sleeves. Ring spinning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the receptacle ( 5 ) for the spindle ( 5.5 ) is mounted so vertically displaceable that with hanging spindle ( 5.5 ) the horizontal axis is higher than in upwardly rotated, standing spindle ( 5.5 ). Ring spinning machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that above the spindle bank ( 5 ) a customer ( 6 ) is arranged, with which the sleeves of the spindle ( 5.5 ) or on the spindle ( 5.5 ) can be used. Ring spinning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that parallel to the spindle bank ( 5 ) a transport system ( 7 ) is arranged for the sleeves. Ring spinning machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between the drafting ( 4 ) and the ring rail ( 5.1 ) a thread guide ( 5.3 ) and / or a balloon ring ( 5.2 ) are positioned, which are vertically displaceable. Ring spinning machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that above the drafting system ( 4 ) a yarn tensioner ( 5.4 ) is positioned. Ring spinning machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ring rail ( 5.1 ) is vertically displaceable so far that the ring rail ( 5.1 ) to a position below the spindle ( 5.5 ) can be performed with it sitting sleeve to rotate the spindle bank ( 5 ). Ring spinning machine according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each spindle ( 5.5 ) with a synchronous motor ( 10 ) is driven. Ring spinning machine according to claim 8, characterized in that for starting additionally a pneumatically operated turbine ( 11 ) is included. Ring spinning machine according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the ring rail ( 5.1 ) a fuse ( 5.1.3 ), with which the runner ( 5.1.2 ) can be fixed. Ring spinning machine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that below the drafting system ( 4 ) a sliver guide ( 3 ) with at least one staple length vertically displaceable clamp ( 12 ) for the sliver ( 1.1 ) is positioned. Method for operating a ring spinning machine ( 9 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the following steps: (a) inserting a sleeve onto a spindle ( 5.5 ) and turning the spindle bank ( 5 ), so that the spindle ( 5.5 ) after turning in the spindle bank ( 5 ), (b) moving the ring rail ( 5.1 ) upwards, so that the rings ( 5.1.1 ) the spindles ( 5.5 ) and, if present, moving the thread guides ( 5.3 ) and the balloon rings ( 5.2 ) for the operation of the ring spinning machine ( 9 ) required position, (c) stretching of sliver ( 1.1 ) in the drafting system ( 4 ) and spinning the sliver ( 1.1 ) to a yarn ( 8th ), (d) winding up the yarn ( 8th ) on the spindle ( 5.5 ) for producing a cop, (e) vertical shifting of ring rail ( 5.1 ) and, if included by thread guides ( 5.3 ) and balloon ring ( 5.2 ), down and turning the spindle bank ( 5 ) with the cop so that the cop stands after turning and up from the spindle bank ( 5 ), (f) repeating steps (a) to (e). A method according to claim 12, characterized in that for a batch change the sliver ( 1.1 ) in the slot guide ( 3 ) with the clamp ( 12 ) and the clamp ( 12 ) is moved vertically downwards so that the sliver ( 1.1 ) between the drafting system and the clamp ( 12 ) rips. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that for starting a new sliver in the clamp ( 12 ) the Luntenführung ( 3 ), the clamp ( 12 ) back up against one in the input rollers ( 4.2 ) of the drafting system ( 4 ) hanging Faserbart, whereby after contact of the in the terminal ( 12 ) held sliver ( 1.1 ) with the tuft the further movement of the clamp ( 12 ) at a speed corresponding to the peripheral speed of the input rollers ( 4.2 ) of the drafting system ( 4 ) and after reaching an upper end position, the clamp ( 12 ) and the sliver is released. Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the spindle bank ( 5 ) is simultaneously displaced vertically during rotation or to the spindle ( 5.5 ) from the hanging to the standing position, the recording ( 5 ) of the spindle ( 5.5 ) first moved vertically and then rotated and the spindle ( 5.5 ) is brought from the standing to the hanging position first rotated and then moved vertically, the spindle bank ( 5 ) during rotation, in which the spindle ( 5.5 ) is rotated from the hanging to the standing position, is moved down and during the rotation in which the spindle ( 5.5 ) is rotated from the standing to the hanging position, is shifted upward. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that at a yarn break the corresponding spindle ( 5.5 ) is stopped. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the spindle ( 5.5 ) when starting up with the pneumatically driven turbine ( 11 ) is accelerated.

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