DE102013109996B4 - chassis and motor land vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Chassis for land vehicles (1), characterized in that the chassis (2) has a chassis component which is designed as a self-supporting modular unit (3) with one or more integrated hollow chambers (10,11,12,13) and with a composite structure (14). is.

Description

The invention relates to a chassis and a motorized land vehicle having the features in the preamble of independent claims 1 and 25.

From the EP 2 423 077 A2 An add-on chassis for tractor heads is known, which consists of a low ladder frame with longitudinal and cross beams made of steel, which accommodates structural units, such as a heater and fresh water and waste water tanks and also a rear axle unit. The static and dynamic loads when stationary and when driving are absorbed by the ladder frame and the structure-reinforcing body units.

Tractor heads and other add-on chassis are from the DE 37 21 189 A1 , WO 00/37301 A1 and EP 1 634 798 A1 known.

The DE 41 33 401 A1 shows a mobile home with a towing vehicle and a self-supporting living cabin along with a rear axle, which has large storage spaces in the lower floor area with lateral and axial access as well as through-loading options. The load-bearing structure is formed by rectangular stretched hollow bodies or U-profiles open at the top.

The DE 103 00 394 A1 relates to a front frame part of trucks, which is designed in a modular manner in order to obtain as many identical parts as possible for different vehicle types and driver's cabs of different widths.

The GB 2 137 938 A deals with a chassis with a variable wheelbase, in which a front part with the cabin and front axle and a rear part with the rear axle represent basic components that are initially detachably connected to one another during the manufacturing process and are then finished with the desired wheelbase by inserting a spacer part.

The DE 298 22 564 U1 teaches an add-on chassis in a ladder frame design with an adapter together with a protruding attachment and cup screw connections for connecting the chassis side members to the girders of a motorized towing vehicle.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved chassis and motor land vehicle.

The invention solves this problem with the features in independent claims 1 and 25.

The chassis component designed as a self-supporting modular unit with the composite construction and one or more integrated hollow chambers or hollow bodies has the advantage that a functionally and structurally improved chassis can be created. On the one hand, the modular unit has a receiving function by forming the hollow chamber(s) or hollow body as a container and, on the other hand, can assume the load-bearing function.

The self-supporting modular unit has the particular advantage of high rigidity and, on the other hand, offers a lot of space and options for the design and use of the hollow chamber(s) or hollow body. It can serve different purposes and, in addition to a storage function, also offer accommodation options for a superstructure unit.

In particular, the modular unit can offer a double floor integrated in the chassis for the body of the vehicle, e.g. The raised floor can also be thermally insulated. The modular unit can take on a supporting and carrying function for the structure. The structure does not have to be self-supporting and can be designed to be filigree and lightweight.

The claimed modular unit offers improved combinative usage options and also has the advantage of a lightweight construction with significant weight advantages compared to previously known chassis. The payload of the vehicle can be increased as a result.

In addition, the dead space that exists in previously known ladder frames can be eliminated. The modular unit offers a significantly improved and increased space utilization possibility. The hollow chamber(s) or hollow bodies can be designed as tanks or accommodate a tank. They can also provide a storage function. In particular, they can accommodate loose or built-in devices. This can be, for example, a heater, an air conditioning or ventilation system, a battery, a circulation pump or the like. Furthermore, the modular unit enables maximum length and space utilization of the hollow chamber(s) or hollow bodies.

Of particular advantage is a modular unit that also accommodates a rear axle assembly. This optimizes the use of space and the load-bearing function. Another advantage is the possibility of directly attaching an axle arrangement to the longitudinal beams of the module unit. This enables the axle arrangement to be changed at a later date and gives great freedom of design for different axle arrangements and mounting situations. An axle arrangement can be single axle, tandem axle or triple axle. It can be adapted to a lowering of the add-on chassis. The modular unit and the composite construction can be varied and adjusted accordingly.

The modular unit can also be variable in length, with length adjustment being possible, for example, by means of different hollow body widths, intermediate pieces or the like.

The multiple hollow chambers or hollow bodies of the modular unit can be connected to one another by means of a composite construction and reinforced to form a module. There are different possibilities for the formation of the composite structure.

In order to reduce the weight of the module unit, it is advantageous to design hollow bodies made of plastic and possibly in a sandwich construction or of light metal, possibly also of thin-walled, reinforced stainless steel. Here, the rigidity and the load-carrying function on the one hand, as well as the weight savings on the other hand, can be optimized. In addition, a particularly efficient and economical manufacturing technique results. The hollow bodies can be tubular and can be closed with one or two covers on the end openings, either permanently or detachably.

Wall areas thickened by an intermediate layer, preferably a foam core, on the one hand have a load-bearing function and on the other hand can serve to accommodate additional parts. This can be, for example, lines or channels for cables, fluids or the like. In addition, fittings for chassis or vehicle parts, in particular holders or deflections of brake cables or the like, can be attached in a simple and cost-effective manner.

The stability of the platform combination in one variant of the chassis or the module unit comes primarily from an upper and a lower platform, which are spaced apart and at the same time reinforced by longitudinal beams of the module unit. The side members can be supplemented by one or more cross members. The longitudinal and transverse beams require little space and only slightly restrict the volumes available for the hollow chamber(s). Access or passage openings in the hollow chamber area are possible through web openings, which enable maximum utilization of the hollow space while maintaining stability.

Longitudinal members of the type claimed are particularly advantageous for driving stability, in particular if they are also used to connect to the longitudinal member of the towing vehicle. Experience and parts from chassis construction can be used. In addition, there are structural and economic advantages. The side members can have multiple functions as spacers and connectors in the platform assembly and as a load-bearing chassis and chassis part.

The claimed chassis, in particular an add-on chassis, can contain one or more hollow chambers with a considerable height. The longitudinal and cross member height is increased accordingly. In particular, it can be greater than the height of the longitudinal members on the traction head side. Compared to previously known chassis, this results in larger hollow chambers and better possible uses, with the construction effort and weight being able to be reduced by integrating chassis parts that are already present. The freedom of design for dividing and subdividing the one or more hollow chambers is also significantly improved.

The claimed chassis can alternatively be used for another land vehicle, e.g. for a trailer, in particular a caravan.

The claimed chassis can also be designed as a complete chassis of a commercial vehicle and can accommodate the front axle unit as well as the engine and transmission and the front parts of the vehicle. For this purpose, the longitudinal beams of a platform assembly can be correspondingly extended forward and protrude beyond the platform(s) at the front.

Further advantageous refinements of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

In one embodiment, the hollow bodies are arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel and are connected to one another by the composite construction.

The hollow chamber(s) or hollow bodies are preferably aligned transversely to the direction of travel. They can have the same or different lengths.

The modular unit can have two, three, four or more hollow bodies.

The hollow chamber(s) or hollow body can have one or more access openings, which can optionally be closed permanently or with a movable cover. The access openings can preferably be arranged on the longitudinal side or the rear or rear side of the chassis.

The module unit can have a substantially flat surface on the upper side for direct support of a construction floor. On the other hand, the modular unit can have several spacers on the upper side for supporting a superstructure floor there, forming a free intermediate space.

A bulkhead connection of a composite structure designed, for example, as a modular system or as a platform system or as a frame system can have parallel longitudinal beams that are arranged continuously or with interruption(s) over the length of the module unit. A longitudinal beam, which may be arranged on the module unit, can have a beam opening in an upright web on the upper side. A composite platform can have stiffening profiles on the upper side of the platform.

One or more hollow bodies can have a recessed carrier mount on the upper side, e.g. for a longitudinal carrier or a stiffening profile.

A hollow body can have a multilayer wall made of plastic in a sandwich construction. The wall can have a reinforced upper and lower cover layer and a thicker intermediate layer present in places, in particular a foam core.

In the case of a composite platform with longitudinal and transverse supports, the transverse supports can be arranged between the longitudinal supports and can be designed as support stubs. On the other hand, a design as a continuous cross member with large web openings is possible. The longitudinal and cross beams can also have substantially the same height. These variants improve the size, accessibility and usability of the integrated cavity. In another variant, the crossbeams can form an at least partial hollow chamber separation.

The longitudinal and transverse beams of a platform assembly can be designed as profiles with an upright beam web and a transverse chord on the lower and/or upper web edge. In particular, they can be designed as L-, C- or Z-shaped profiled sheet metal, preferably bent sheet metal parts. The longerons may also include angled support fittings for attaching a platform.

The longitudinal beams of a modular unit can have profiled mounting fittings extending in the direction of travel, which are provided and adapted for the preferably positive connection with longitudinal beams of a train head. The longitudinal beams of the modular unit can have a greater web height than the longitudinal beams of the traction head. The mounting brackets can be arranged in a position corresponding to the desired chassis height.

The lower platform of a composite platform may have separate platform areas with a gap to accommodate an axle assembly. The platform(s) of the variants of a platform composite can be designed as dimensionally stable panels with an insulating material, in particular as sandwich panels. The lower platform can also have a protective layer on the underside.

• 1: eine perspektivische Ansicht eines frontgetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem Fahrgestell mit einer Moduleinheit,
• 2: eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Moduleinheit mit einer aufgenommenen hinteren Achsanordnung,
• 3: verschiedene Varianten einer Verbundkonstruktion für eine Moduleinheit,
• 4: eine Moduleinheit mit einer als Modulverbund mit Direktverbindungen ausgebildeten Verbundkonstruktion,
• 5 bis 10: verschiedene Varianten einer Moduleinheit mit einer als Modulverbund mit einer Achsbockverbindung ausgebildeten Verbundkonstruktion,
• 11 bis 13: Varianten einer Moduleinheit mit einer als Plattformverbund ausgebildeten Verbundkonstruktion und
• 14 und 15: eine Moduleinheit mit einer als Rahmenverbund ausgebildeten Verbundkonstruktion.
• 16: eine Seitenansicht eines Fahrzeugs mit einem Zugkopf und einem angebauten Fahrgestell mit einer Variante der selbsttragenden Moduleinheit,
• 17: eine Draufsicht des Fahrzeugs von 16 ohne Aufbau mit Blick auf die obere Plattform,
• 18: eine perspektivische Ansicht des Fahrzeugs von 16 ohne Aufbau und
• 19: eine Draufsicht des Fahrzeugs von 16 ohne obere Plattform.

The invention is shown by way of example and schematically in the drawing. Show in detail:

• 1 : a perspective view of a front-wheel drive motor vehicle with a chassis with a module unit,
• 2 : a perspective view of a modular unit with a recorded rear axle assembly,
• 3 : different variants of a composite construction for a modular unit,
• 4 : a modular unit with a composite construction designed as a module network with direct connections,
• 5 until 10 : Different variants of a modular unit with a composite construction designed as a module composite with an axle bracket connection,
• 11 until 13 : Variants of a modular unit with a composite construction designed as a platform composite and
• 14 and 15 : a modular unit with a composite structure designed as a frame composite.
• 16 : a side view of a vehicle with a towing vehicle and an attached chassis with a variant of the self-supporting modular unit,
• 17 : a plan view of the vehicle from FIG 16 without superstructure with a view of the upper platform,
• 18 : a perspective view of the vehicle of FIG 16 without construction and
• 19 : a plan view of the vehicle from FIG 16 without upper platform.

The invention relates to a chassis (2) for land vehicles (1) and a land vehicle (1) equipped with such a chassis (2) and a manufacturing process. The land vehicle (1) is designed as a road vehicle. It can be used in particular as a commercial vehicle.

1 and 16 show a land vehicle (1) with a chassis (2). The chassis (2) has a chassis component (3) which is designed as a self-supporting modular unit. In the embodiments of 1 until 15 the chassis component (3) or the self-supporting modular unit is formed by several dimensionally stable and load-bearing hollow bodies (10,11,12,13) which are held together by a composite structure (14). 16 until 19 show more variants.

The chassis (2) can only have one chassis component (3). Alternatively, it can be in several parts and have one or more other chassis components (4). Such is, for example, according to 1 and 16 designed as a rear frame. This can be attached to the module unit (3) or integrated into the module unit (3). The chassis components (3,4) are arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel or in the longitudinal axis (40) of the vehicle. The chassis component (4) can also be omitted.

The land vehicle (1) is, for example, a motor vehicle which preferably has a front-wheel drive with a driven front axle and wheels. The chassis (2) and in particular the chassis component or module unit (3) can, for example, be an add-on unit for subsequent attachment to an in 1 and 16 Form shown as an example traction head (5). The towing head (5) and the chassis (2) can come from different manufacturers. The module unit (3) can accommodate a rear axle arrangement (7) of the vehicle (1).

The towing vehicle (5) consists of a cab with seats, drive motor, driven front axle, steering and other parts that are advantageous or necessary for driving. This can be, for example, a fuel tank, an exhaust system or the like. The tractor head (5) can have its own chassis with parallel longitudinal beams (6) that end just behind the cabin. The cabin can be open or closed at the back. The cabin shell can also be omitted (so-called wind runners). The side members (6) can have a factory-prepared length. Alternatively, longer longitudinal beams that were also part of a complete rear frame, for example, can be cut off just behind the cab.

The longitudinal members (6) shown can be part of an installation adapter according to EP 1 634 798 A1 be. The side members (6) can have an angled or downwardly offset attachment point with a hollow box profile and end stops for the connection of a lowered chassis (2). 18 illustrates this preferred embodiment. Alternatively, an adapter according to the WO 00/37301 A1 be used.

The chassis component (3) is referred to below as the module unit (3). It is connected to the traction head (5), in particular its longitudinal beams (6), in a suitable manner. This can be a direct connection, the module unit (3) of the embodiments of 1 until 15 seen in the direction of travel (40) has profiled assembly fittings (9) on its front, which extend forwards in the direction of travel (40) and which are arranged and designed to match the longitudinal beams (6) of the tractor head (5).

The assembly fittings (9) can be designed, for example, as a carrier profile, which may also have an adapter to create a height offset. This makes it possible, for example, to lower the chassis (2). The connection between the longitudinal beams (6) and the assembly fittings (9) can be created by positive locking, screws, rivets or other preferably non-weld connections.

A structure (not shown) can be mounted on the module unit (3). This can be, for example, a box structure to form a mobile home, a sales vehicle or the like. Other bodies such as flatbeds or other special bodies, e.g. for towing vehicles or the like, are also possible.

How 1 and in particular the perspective view of 2 make clear, the modular unit (3) has several hollow chambers (10, 11, 12, 13) which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel (40) and are formed by hollow bodies. These are each aligned with their main axis transverse to the direction of travel (40). They can also be of different lengths.

The modular unit (3) preferably accommodates a rear axle arrangement (7) of the vehicle (1). This can have, for example, one or more axle bodies, for example axle tubes, with rocker arms at the ends and with wheels (8). A single axle is shown in the drawings. Alternatively, a tandem or triple axle is also possible. The axle arrangement (7) can also have suspension and damping, in particular an axle suspension with rubber cords, spring rods or the like integrated into the axle tube, and one or more shock absorbers. In another variant, air suspension and possibly a level controller are also possible. The axle arrangement (7) can also be any have a different construction, for example as stub axles or independent wheel suspensions with the elimination of a continuous axle tube and the free space between the adjacent hollow bodies (12,13).

How 2 clarifies, the hollow chambers or hollow bodies (10,11,12,13) are designed as containers that can serve the same or different recording purposes. The hollow bodies (10, 11) located at the front in the direction of travel (40) have, for example, an internal cavity and receiving space for loose or permanently installed objects. The hollow body (10) can, for example, have a storage space for loose objects, which can be arranged directly in the hollow body or possibly also in one or more drawers accommodated in the hollow body (10). Such loose items can be, for example, vehicle accessories such as tools, snow chains or the like or other items such as garden chairs, an awning, etc. The other hollow body (11) can have, for example, permanently installed objects. These can be aggregates for supplying a structure, for example a heater, an air conditioning or ventilation system, a battery, a circulating pump or the like .. In the embodiment shown, the two hollow bodies (10,11) are designed as individual parts. Alternatively, they can be combined with one another to form a single hollow body.

In the embodiments shown, the two hollow bodies (12, 13) connected to the rear, counter to the direction of travel (40), are designed as tanks for a fluid. The fluid can be, for example, fresh water and/or waste water or a fuel. The fluid can be a liquid, a gas or a pasty material. The hollow body or bodies (12,13) resp. Tanks can have a corresponding tightness. In the embodiment shown, they are arranged in the area of a rear axle arrangement (7). They can be spaced apart from one another in the direction of travel (40) and accommodate the axle body or axle bodies in the resulting free space. An intermediate carrier (20) can be arranged between the hollow bodies (12, 13), which is located, for example, on the upper side (16) of the module part (3).

The hollow bodies (10,11,12,13) can have the aforementioned different lengths. For example, the hollow bodies (12,13) in the area of the axle arrangement (7) have a shorter length, determined by the axle width or the wheel spacing, than the hollow body(s) (10,11) in front of it in the direction of travel (40). These can extend across the entire width of the vehicle and have a correspondingly large volume. The available space is thus optimally utilized.

The hollow bodies (10,11,12) can have one or more access openings (35,36,37) and an otherwise closed interior. The front hollow body (10) with the storage space can, for example, have an access opening (35) on one or both end faces. The access opening(s) (35) can be located on the long side of the chassis (2). A part of the structure, e.g. a staircase or an entrance with steps, can also be fixed or detachable at an access opening (35).

The other hollow body (11), which accommodates the fixed installations and the so-called technical area, can have an access opening (36) or a top opening with a cover on the top. The tank or tanks (12, 13) can have an access opening (37) on the top, which is e.g. designed as a tank nozzle and creates a connection to the superstructure and a sanitary unit there, a sink or the like. The hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13) can have one or more additional access openings designed in the same or a different way, which can be used, for example, for maintenance purposes, for filling or emptying fluids, etc.

In the 2 The module unit (3) shown as an example has four hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13). The number can vary and be smaller or larger and can be, for example, two, three, five or the like. The modular unit (3) can also extend well behind the axle arrangement (7) and can, in particular, take up the entire length of the chassis.

The order and design of the hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13) described above can be changed at will, in particular interchanged. One or more tanks (12,13) of increased length can be located at the front and one or more stowage compartments (10,11) can be located at the rear and possibly in the axle area, having a shortened length and possibly having access openings (36) at the top .

The length of the modular unit (3) in the direction of travel (40) can also be variable. This allows adaptation to different vehicle requirements, in particular different wheelbases, different wheel configurations, etc. Variability can be produced via the number or shape, especially width, of the hollow bodies (10,11,12,13). Furthermore, distances or spaces between the hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13) are possible for length adjustment. If necessary, these can be bridged by intermediate carriers (20).

The hollow bodies (10,11,12,13) form modules of the modular unit (3) and are interconnected the composite structure (14) is connected, forming said rigid and self-supporting modular unit (3). The composite structure (14) can be designed, for example, in the manner described below as a modular system (15), as a platform system (17) or as a frame system (18), which is the case, for example, in 3 is indicated schematically.

The module unit (3) can have a substantially flat surface on the upper side (16) for direct support of a body floor. The modules (10, 11, 12, 13) and the composite structure (14) can be designed accordingly. Alternatively, for example, according to 6 and 11 an arrangement of spacers (23) on the top (16) is possible, which serve to support a body floor at a distance, with a free intermediate space or intermediate floor (28) being formed between the floor and the top (16).

4 until 10 show different variants of a composite structure (14) with a modular system (15).

In 4 the module assembly (15) is designed as a direct connection (19) between the hollow bodies or modules (10,11,12,13). In this exemplary embodiment, there are three modules (10,12,13), the two front modules (10,11) being in physical contact with their side walls and being connected to one another here directly by means of an adhesive connection or some other suitable load-bearing connection. A direct connection can be established between the tank-shaped modules (12, 13) via the intermediate support (20).

In the embodiment shown, the hollow bodies or modules (10,12,13) are manufactured as individual parts and are connected directly to one another in the manner mentioned. Alternatively, they can be manufactured as an integral construction, with the hollow bodies or modules (10, 12, 13) being molded onto one another or forming individual spaces or cavities within a single large body. An intermediate support (20) can also be molded onto or integrated into a hollow body (12, 13), which can also be used in the other embodiments.

In the variants of 5 until 10 the module assembly (15) has an axle bracket connection (21). For this purpose, an axle bracket profile (22) is arranged on the two end faces of the tank-like hollow profiles or modules (12,13), for example, which is designed as a folded L or U profile and covers the modules (12,13) on the front side and holds. The modules (12, 13) have upper and/or lower access openings (37). The two-sided axle bracket profiles (22) can also accommodate the axle body or axle bodies of the rear axle assembly (7) in a detachable manner. The axle bracket profiles (22) can also be used for the connection of other axle constructions, eg with an independent wheel suspension, with appropriate adjustment.

A load-bearing connection to the front hollow body (10) also takes place via the axle bracket profiles (22). For this purpose, the axle bracket profiles (22) on both sides can bridge the joint or connection point between the adjacent hollow profiles (10, 12) and have an upper, overlapping horizontal supporting and retaining plate, which is optionally integrally formed on the upper crossbar of the remaining axle bracket profile (22). The upright web of the axle bracket profiles (22) can have a lateral fold or bend at the joint and connection point and can grip the side wall of the module (10) in a connecting manner. The axle bracket profiles (22) can be attached in any suitable manner, e.g. by gluing, screwing, laminating or the like. The mounting fittings (9) can also be attached to the front side wall of the module (10) in a similar way.

At 5 the axle bracket profiles (22) overlap only part of the self-supporting front hollow body or module (10), the mounting fittings (9) being arranged on its front edge. Furthermore, the module unit (3) forms a substantially flat surface on the upper side (16).

6 shows a variant that differs from 5 by the arrangement of the aforementioned spacers (23), these being arranged, for example, on the modules (10,13) and on the intermediate carrier (20). In 6 the module unit (3) also has four hollow bodies or modules (10,11,12,13).

7 shows a variant in which the Achsbockprofile (22) are extended to the front and resting on the top of the hollow body (10) up to its front edge and possibly up to the mounting fittings (9). The extension can be designed, for example, as a longitudinal band or flat rail. In 7 the axle bracket profiles (22) also have a different profile shape. This has, for example, in the area of the hollow bodies or the modules (12, 13) an upright web with a transverse chord adjoining the upper side and protruding towards the inside and a folded edge standing up at the free rim of the belt. The profile extensions or longitudinal strips or rails can, for example, have a U-shape which is open at the top.

8th shows another variation 7 . The hollow profiles or modules (10, 12, 13) have longitudinally oriented carrier receptacles (27) that are recessed like grooves on the upper side, in which the upper areas of the Achsbockprofile (22) are preferably included flush. As a result, the modular unit (3) can again have a substantially flat surface on the upper side (16), with a small local indentation being present only in the area of the transverse straps or longitudinal straps of the axle bracket profiles (22).

In the variant of 9 the axle bracket profiles (22) each have a longitudinal member (24) on the upper side, which here extends over the entire length of the module unit (3) and possibly up to the assembly fittings (9). The longitudinal beam (24) is designed, for example, in cross section as an inverted T-profile with a raised web. The longitudinal supports (24) can have one or more support openings (26) at a suitable point, for example in the area of the front hollow body or module (10). These can be used, for example, for the protected and defined laying of cables or the like.

In the variant of 10 are different from 9 the longitudinal members (25) interrupted. The carrier sections are preferably located in the areas of the module unit (3) that are subjected to high mechanical loads, encroaching on the hollow bodies or modules (10, 12, 13) and the intermediate carrier (20) and their joints and connection points. Another longitudinal beam section is arranged at the front edge of the hollow body or module (10) and also extends over the connection point and the mounting bracket (9). Furthermore, at 10 Spacers (23) are present, the height of which is matched to the height of the interrupted longitudinal members (25) and their upright webs.

11 until 13 illustrate variants in which the composite structure (14) has a platform composite (17). In each of the embodiments, there is a platform or support plate (29) which extends over a partial area or preferably over the entire surface of the module unit (3) and forms the upper side. In the variants of 11 and 12 this flat support form or support plate (29) has different thicknesses. In both cases, it has through openings in the area of the tank nozzle (37).

The hollow bodies (10,11,12,13) are arranged on the underside of the platform (29) and have different heights corresponding to the different panel thicknesses. In the area of the rear axle arrangement (7), the platform assembly (17) can have a support profile (30) on both end faces of the hollow bodies (12, 13), which covers the said end faces and the platform edge and preferably also engages in a form-fitting manner and has a corresponding profile shape for this . The support profiles (30) can be used to detachably accommodate axle brackets (31) of the axle arrangement (7).

13 shows a modification 11 and 12 , wherein on the top (16) of the module unit (3), for example on the longitudinal edges of the platform (29) in the widened area of the hollow body or bodies (10,11), a longitudinal stiffening profile (32) is arranged, which is on the top of the panel and on the side panel of the panel and forms a seat for part of the structure, eg a side panel.

14 and 15 illustrate a further variant in which the composite structure (14) is designed as a composite frame (18). The composite frame (18) has a truss-like tubular frame (33), which is exemplified in 14 is shown on its own and which can optionally also accommodate the rear axle assembly (7) and its bulkheads (34). The hollow bodies or modules (10, 11, 12, 13) are inserted into the tubular frame (33), which is designed, for example, as a so-called space frame, and are held by a load-bearing connection.

The hollow bodies or modules (10,11,12,13) are designed as lightweight components. For this purpose they can have, for example, a multi-layered wall (38) in a sandwich construction, which consists, for example, of plastic or other suitable materials. A multi-layer wall (38) can have reinforced upper and lower cover layers and, if necessary, a thicker and stabilizing intermediate layer, e.g., a foam core. Structural elements can be arranged in the wall (38), in particular in the intermediate layer, e.g. additional reinforcements or cavities for receiving or forming channels or lines. These can be, for example, hot air ducts, heating water ducts or the like, via which the wall (38) can be temperature-controlled, e.g. heated or cooled, if required, in order to prevent a fluid in a tank (12, 13) from freezing or overheating.

The hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13) can, for example, be tubular with a peripheral wall (38) and can be permanently or detachably closed at the end openings by means of one or two covers (39).

The areas of the wall (38) stabilized by means of the intermediate layer can form the planar, load-bearing side and cover walls of the tubular hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13), for example. The access openings (36, 37) can be arranged here and the corresponding connection elements, for example sockets, valves, cover holders or the like, can be fitted in a suitable manner. The hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13) can, for example, have a prismatic, in particular rectangular, cross-section. Fittings or support elements can also be attached to the stabilized areas of the wall (38), in particular be laminated in separately. These can serve as anchors for attaching vehicle parts, for example guides and deflections for brake cables on the underside of the module unit (3). Appropriate connection elements, for example sockets, valves or the like, can be mounted here in a suitable manner.

16 until 19 show a variant of the land vehicle (1) with a chassis (2) which has a chassis component which is designed as a self-supporting modular unit (3). The modular unit (3) consists of a composite structure (14) and one or more hollow chambers (10, 11, 12, 13) integrated into it. The composite structure (14) is designed as a composite platform (17).

The chassis (2) can also have only one chassis component and the module unit (3). Alternatively, it can be in several parts and have one or more other chassis components (4), in particular the aforementioned rear frame (16).

The composite platform (17) has an upper platform (29) and a lower platform (41) which are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, with longitudinal beams (44) located in the intermediate space. Preferably, there are two side rails (44) of straight orientation and parallel arrangement. They preferably extend over the entire length of the platforms (29,41).

The platforms (29,41) are arranged on the underside and the top of the longitudinal beams (44) and are attached to the longitudinal beams (44). This can be done using angled support fittings (50). The longitudinal beams (44) of the modular unit (3) are connected at the front to the motorized traction head (5) and in particular to its longitudinal beams (6). The side members (44) also accommodate the rear axle assembly (7) of the vehicle (1).

The composite platform (17) has one or more integrated hollow chambers (10, 11, 12, 13) formed between the platforms (29, 41). The modular unit (3) or the platform assembly (17) forms a double floor in the chassis (2) with the hollow chamber(s) (10, 11, 12, 13).

In 19 an example of an arrangement and distribution of hollow chambers (10,11,12,13) is indicated in plan view of the lower platform (41). The integrated hollow chamber(s) (10,11,12,13) are accessible from the outside. There are various possibilities. The hollow chamber(s) (10) can have one or more access openings (35), possibly with a detachable closure (39), on the longitudinal side or the rear or rear side of the chassis (2).

The chamber height is according to 16 determined by the height of the side members (44). The height of the module-side longitudinal beams (44) is greater than the height of the traction head-side longitudinal beams (6).

The composite platform (17) can also have one or more crossbeams (45) which are connected to the longitudinal beams (44) and the platforms (29, 41). The longitudinal beams and the cross beams (44, 45) are essentially of the same height. The crossbeams (45) also support the platforms (29, 41) at a distance and absorb shear forces. They also stabilize the side members (44) against transverse forces and bending or buckling. In particular, cross members (45) are arranged on both sides and close to the axle assembly (7). 18 and 19 show the cross member arrangements.

The crossbeams (45) can be present individually or in multiples. They can be designed and arranged in different ways. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the crossbeams (45) are arranged between the longitudinal beams (44) and are designed as shortened beam stubs which lie opposite one another transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and leave a free space between them in the hollow chamber region. The support stubs are attached to the inside of the longitudinal beams (44) and face each other.

In another embodiment, the support stubs can alternatively or additionally be arranged on the outside of the longitudinal supports (44) and point outwards. In another variant, instead of support stubs, there can be a continuous cross member which extends over the area between the longitudinal members (44) and possibly also protrudes outwards over the longitudinal members (44).

The one or more cross members (45) can according to 19 at least partially form a subdivision or separation of hollow chambers (10,11,12,13) between the platforms (29,41).

The longitudinal beams (44) and possibly also the cross beams (45) are designed, for example, as profiled, thin-walled sheet metal with an upright beam web (46) and with a transverse belt (52) on the lower and/or upper web edge. It is preferably steel profiles. The longitudinal and transverse beams (44, 45) can be designed, for example, as bent sheet metal parts with a C, L or Z shape in cross section.

The support web (46) of the longitudinal supports (44) and, if necessary, the cross support or support stub (45) can have one or more web openings (47). These can provide access to an internal hollow chamber area in the platform assembly (17). The web openings (47) can be formed in the web material by suitable separating or cutting methods, eg stamping, laser cutting or the like. They can have a tapered or softer rounded, in particular oval, shape at one or both axial (40) ends to reduce stress. Stabilizing deformations, eg beads or the like, can be introduced into the upright web areas remaining between the web openings (47). 18 shows these configurations.

The longitudinal beams (44) and possibly also the cross beams (45) can alternatively consist of another preferably plate-like or profile-like material, e.g. of plastic or of a composite material, and have the said upright beam web (46). A longitudinal member (44) and/or a cross member (45) can also have a solid wall without a web opening.

The longitudinal beams (44) of the modular unit (3) can be mounted on the longitudinal beams (6) of the traction head (5) in any suitable manner. In the preferred exemplary embodiment shown, the longitudinal beams (44) have profiled mounting fittings (9) extending in the direction of travel (40), which are provided and adapted for a preferably positive connection with the longitudinal beams (6). The mounting fittings (9) can, for example, according to 16 be designed as a deformed area of a longitudinal member web (46). The deformations can be arranged at screw points and be cup-shaped with a through-opening for a screw or bolt shank, with the longitudinal beams (6) on the traction head having corresponding cup deformations. The longitudinal beams (6, 44) can support each other in a form-fitting manner on the interlocking cup deformations, which are arranged, for example, in a matrix of four, six or more fastening points, in order to absorb the vertical and horizontal supporting forces and the moments that occur.

The assembly fittings (9) can be arranged on the side members (44) in a position corresponding to the desired chassis height. In the embodiment shown, FIG 16 until 19 the longitudinal beams (6) on the traction head side are provided with a downward height offset at the free end, which can be achieved by appropriately shaping the longitudinal beam (6) or by using an add-on adapter. The height offset is advantageous for lowering the add-on chassis (2) and the module part (3). In such a case, the assembly fitting (9) can be arranged on the lower area of the longitudinal beams (44) on the module side. If the longitudinal beams (6) on the traction head side do not have such a height offset, the mounting fitting (9) can be arranged further up and at a distance from the lower edge on the longitudinal beam web (46).

As an alternative or in addition to the aforementioned cup-like web deformations, the assembly fitting (9) can have a larger flat lateral deformation, which is preferably directed towards the outside of the longitudinal members (44) and which corresponds to the outer contour of the associated longitudinal member (6) on the head side. Such a deformation can form a groove or pocket in the carrier web (46), which overlaps the longitudinal carrier (6) on the upper side and possibly also on the underside and thus forms a form-fitting support.

In a further modification, an assembly fitting (9) can have one or more additional support profiles for connection to the longitudinal member (6) on the head side, in addition to the above-mentioned web deformations on the longitudinal members (44).

The axle assembly (7) is attached to the side members (44). This can preferably be done in a detachable manner by means of screws. For this purpose, the axle arrangement (7) has an axle body (49) with axle brackets (31) at the edge, which rest on the outside of the longitudinal beams (44), in particular on their carrier webs (46), and are fastened here. Cup-shaped deformations on the carrier web (46) and on the axle carrier (31) that absorb shear forces and form form-fitting supports can also be present at the fastening points. At the point of assembly, the side members (44) also have a bulging opening at the lower edge for receiving an axle body (49).

Depending on the number of axles, there can be one or more axle bodies (49). In the embodiment shown, a single axle with only one axle body (49) is provided. Alternatively, a tandem axle or a triple axle is possible, in which case the number of axle bodies (49) can also be greater than 3. The axle body (49) consists e.g. The axle tube can have a straight shape with the formation of trailing arms. It can also have an obliquely angled shape to form semi-trailing links. Spring elements, e.g. torsion bars, rubber cords or the like can be present in an axle tube. Shock absorbers and other spring elements can be present on the end-side wheel rocker arms. The axle arrangement (7) can have any spring arrangement, e.g. also an air suspension. The wheel hubs with wheel brakes and the wheels (8) are arranged at the ends of the wheel rocker arms.

How 16 and 19 make clear, the lower platform (41) can have separate platform areas (42,43) in the direction of travel (40) with an intermediate space (28) which serves to accommodate an axle arrangement (7) and in particular one or more axle bodies (49). The gap (28) also corresponds to the aforementioned opening on the underside of the side members (44).

Alternatively, the rear platform area (43) can be omitted. It may be sufficient for the stability of the chassis (2) if the platform assembly (17) with upper and lower platforms (29, 41) is present in the front area of the module unit (3) up to the axle arrangement (7).

17 and 19 also make it clear that the platforms (29, 41) cover both the area between the longitudinal members (44) and also protrude at least partially beyond the longitudinal members (44) on one or both sides and form a lateral projection (51). On the module areas located in front of the axle arrangement (7) in the direction of travel (40), there are upper and lower projections (51) which form a hollow chamber area between them. This can be closed on the front side in the direction of travel (40) by additionally drawn-in, possibly insulated end walls (not shown). At the back, a conclusion can be made by a corresponding rear wall or by a fender, not shown, or a wheel house. Said hollow chamber area is accessible from the sides through one or more lateral access openings (35), which can optionally be closed with a closure (39), not shown, for example a cover or a flap.

Said hollow chamber areas on the left and right side of the vehicle can also be subdivided again in length by a possible cross member (45). The lateral hollow chamber areas can also communicate with a hollow chamber area located between the longitudinal beams (44) through the large web openings (47) in this area. Alternatively, a subdivision or separation of different hollow chamber areas can also take place here.

In the area of the module unit (3) located in front of the axle arrangement (7) in the direction of travel (40), a hollow chamber (10) can be formed, which can be used, for example, as storage space. A large connected hollow chamber (10) or a subdivision into different hollow chamber areas with different and separately closable access openings can be created.

17 , 18 and 19 also show that the lateral projections (51) can have one or more recesses (48). For example, the projections (51) on the upper platform (29) in the area of the axle assembly (7) have such a recess (48) that can serve as a wheel cutout to accommodate a fender or wheel house. In the direction of travel (40) in front of and behind the supernatant (41) jumps back to the outside.

The lower platform (41) or its front platform area (42) also has such a recess (48). The rear platform area (43) can also have such a recess (48) and an overhang adjoining it. In the embodiment shown, the rear platform portion (43) has a reduced width with no overhang. As a result, below the overhang (51) on the upper platform (29), a hollow chamber section is formed in this area that is accessible from below and possibly from the side, in which, for example, gas bottles or the like can be accommodated.

The hollow chamber area located behind the axle arrangement (7) in the direction of travel (40) between the side members (44) and possibly an attached rear frame or rear module area (4) can be axially accessible from the rear, with a hollow chamber design and accessibility as in the DE 41 33 401 A1 can result.

The platforms (29,41) have an essentially flat plate-like shape. They can be made in one piece or in several pieces, e.g. divided lengthwise in the middle as shown. They can be designed as dimensionally stable plates with an insulating, in particular heat-insulating material. The panel shapes (29, 41) can be designed, for example, as multi-layer sandwich panels with insulating and supporting layers. The lower platform (41) can also have a protective metal layer on the underside against stone chipping or the like.

The lower platform (41) can have a closed shape except for the space (28) and form a substantially closed sub-floor. Water, dirt or the like can be prevented from penetrating into the overlying hollow chamber region(s) at the intermediate space (28) by a sealing covering of the axle body(s) (49).

The aforementioned hollow chamber (10) in the front area of the module unit (3) can be used as storage space and be designed accordingly. Said crossbeams or support stubs (45) or, if necessary, drawn-in partition walls can provide a chamber separation if necessary.

One or more hollow chambers or hollow chamber areas (11, 12, 13) can also be placed between the platforms (29, 41) for other purposes be trained. A hollow chamber (11) can be designed as a receiving space for loose or permanently installed objects, eg built-in devices. This can be heating and/or air conditioning devices. Such a hollow chamber (11) can be arranged or formed, for example, in the area of the axle arrangement (7) above the axle body or bodies (49).

Furthermore, one or more hollow chambers (12, 13) or hollow chamber areas can be designed as a tank for a fluid, in particular for fresh water and/or waste water, or can accommodate a tank. Such a hollow chamber (12, 13) can also be arranged in the area of a rear axle arrangement (7) or possibly also behind it, in particular in the rear area (4).

The hollow chamber(s) (10,11,12,13) can have one or more access openings (35,36,37). This could be the aforementioned lateral access openings (35) with closures (39). Access openings (36,37) can also be present on the upper platform (29). This can, for example, be a top opening (36) in the area of the hollow chamber (11) for the built-in devices, which can be provided and designed accordingly for the supply and discharge lines, for energy supply, but also for maintenance purposes. For the hollow chambers (12, 13) provided for tank purposes, there can also be an access (37) in the form of a tank nozzle for the supply and removal of the fluids on the upper platform (29). In addition, the upper platform (29) can have further openings for inspection and maintenance purposes or the like.

A hollow chamber (10) can be present as storage space in the rear area of the module unit (3) and possibly also in an attached or integrated rear frame (4). It can have one or more access opening(s) on the longitudinal side or the rear or rear side of the chassis (2).

In the embodiments described above, the hollow chambers or hollow chamber areas (11, 12, 13) for built-in devices, tanks or the like are located in the area between longitudinal members (44). In an alternative embodiment, it can be shifted to the outside in the area of the overhangs (51), whereby a possibly continuously free hollow chamber area (10) is created between the longitudinal members (44) as a storage and loading space, which can be opened from the rear by a corresponding access opening is axially accessible. In the front module area in front of the axle arrangement (7), one or more alternative or additional lateral access options can exist.

The hollow chambers or hollow chamber areas (11, 12, 13) for built-in devices, tanks or the like can be omitted in a further variant, so that there is only one continuous or divided loading or storage space (10).

In the various variants mentioned above, a hollow chamber (10) designed as a loading or storage space can be loaded through transversely and/or along the longitudinal axis (40) of the vehicle thanks to the large web opening(s) (47) or the support stub (45). This allows for larger items to be accommodated.

The platform assembly (17) and in particular the upper platform (29) is used to accommodate an in 16 schematically indicated structure (53) of the vehicle (1). This can e.g. B. be a cabin with living, sleeping and possibly sanitary areas. Alternatively, the structure (53) can be designed as a sales room, presentation room for a mobile show or the like.

The structure (53) can be placed directly on the upper platform (29), which also forms the structure floor. Alternatively, an intermediate floor for the superstructure (53) can be drawn in, with the space in between being provided for the laying of cables, lines or the like. Alternatively, such a cable can also be laid on the underside of the upper platform (29).

The chassis (2) is placed very low in the embodiment shown, with the lower platform (41) offering the minimum ground clearance. Due to the considerable height of the hollow chamber(s) (10, 11, 12, 13) and the longitudinal members (44), a boarding aid, e.g. in the form of steps, may be required to access the superstructure areas above. Such a boarding aid can be accommodated at a suitable point in the area of a lateral overhang (51).

Modifications to the embodiments shown and described are possible in various ways. In particular, the features of the embodiment variants described above can be combined with one another as desired and, if necessary, exchanged.

The number and design of the hollow bodies or modules (10,11,12,13) and their arrangement within a module unit (3) can vary. Alternatively, the hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13) can be produced in other ways, e.g. as plastic injection molded parts or blow molded parts. They can also be made of another lightweight material, e.g. light metal or other composite materials. A thin-walled design with embossed stainless steel walls is also possible.

The longitudinal beams (44) of the modular unit (3) designed as profiled sheets 16 until 19 can be replaced by a tube frame or so-called space frame (not shown) with large openings corresponding to the web openings (47) between the tubes.

In a platform network (17) according to 16 until 19 individual or all crossbeams (45) can be replaced by one or more stabilizing fixtures, eg a dimensionally stable tank, between the platforms (29,41).

As a variation on the exemplary embodiments, the vehicle (1) can be designed as a trailer, with the hollow chamber(s) or hollow bodies (10,11,12,13) and the composite structure (14) or platform composite (17) being arranged under the trailer structure are. At the front, the module unit (3) or the longitudinal beams (44) can be connected to a towing device, e.g. a rigid or rotatable or swiveling towing bar or a semi-trailer towing device.

Reference List

1

vehicle, land vehicle

2

chassis

3

Chassis component, module unit

4

Chassis component, rear frame

5

pulling head

6

side members

7

axle arrangement

8th

wheel

9

Mounting bracket, carrier profile

10

Module, hollow chamber, storage space

11

Module, hollow chamber, technical area

12

Module, hollow chamber, tank area

13

Module, hollow chamber, tank area

14

composite construction

15

module group

16

top

17

platform federation

18

frame composite

19

direct connection

20

intermediate carrier

21

bulkhead connection

22

bulkhead profile

23

spacer

24

Longitudinal beam, continuous

25

Longitudinal beam, interrupted

26

carrier opening

27

carrier pickup

28

space, free space

29

platform, support plate, top

30

support profile

31

bulkhead

32

stiffening profile

33

Tubular frame, space frame

34

bulkhead

35

access, side opening

36

access, top opening

37

Access, fuel filler

38

wall

39

closure

40

Direction of travel, vehicle longitudinal axis

41

Platform, support plate, below

42

platform area

43

platform area

44

side members

45

crossbeam, beam stub

46

carrier web

47

web opening

48

recess, wheel cutout

49

Axle body, axle tube

50

support fitting

51

overhang on the side

52

cross strap

53

Construction

Claims (26)

Chassis for land vehicles (1), characterized in that the chassis (2) has a chassis component which is designed as a self-supporting modular unit (3) with one or more integrated hollow chambers (10,11,12,13) and with a composite structure (14). is. chassis after claim 1 , characterized in that the module unit (3) accommodates a rear axle assembly (7) of the vehicle (1). chassis after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the chassis (2), in particular the modular unit (3), is connected at the front to a motorized traction head (5). chassis after claim 1 , 2 or 3 , characterized in that the modular unit (3) has profiled assembly fittings (9) extending in the direction of travel (40) which are provided and adapted for connection to longitudinal beams (6) of a tractor head (5). Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hollow chamber (10, 11) is designed as a receiving space for loosely or permanently installed objects, in particular built-in devices. Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hollow chamber (10, 11) is designed as a tank for a fluid, in particular for fresh water and/or waste water, or accommodates such a tank. Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the chassis (2) has a plurality of chassis components (3, 4) arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel (40), a rear frame (4) being attached to the modular unit (3) or incorporated into the modular unit ( 3) is integrated. Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rear frame (4) accommodates a hollow chamber (10) with an access opening. Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow chamber(s) (10) has/have one or more access openings (35), optionally with a closure (39), on the longitudinal side or the rear of the chassis (2). Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite construction (14) is designed as a modular composite (15) or as a platform composite (17) or as a frame composite (18). Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the platform assembly (17) has an upper and a spaced lower platform (29,41), the platforms (29,41) being arranged on the underside and the upper side of the longitudinal beams (44). and and attached to the side rails (44). Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the platform(s) (29, 41) projects laterally at least in regions beyond the longitudinal beams (44) and forms a lateral overhang (51). Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow chamber(s) (10, 11, 12, 13) is/are formed between the platforms (29, 41). Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the platform assembly (17) has one or more crossbeams (45) which are connected to the longitudinal beams (44) and the platforms (29, 41). Chassis according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a longitudinal beam (44) and/or a cross beam (44, 45) has an upright beam web (46) with a web opening (47) which forms access to an inner hollow chamber area. Chassis according to one of Claims 1 until 10 , characterized in that the hollow chambers are formed by dimensionally stable and load-bearing hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13) which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of travel (40) and are connected to one another by the composite construction (14). chassis after Claim 16 , characterized in that the hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13), preferably designed as lightweight components, have a multi-layer wall (38) made of plastic in a sandwich construction. chassis after Claim 16 or 17 , characterized in that the hollow bodies (10,11,12,13) are aligned transversely to the direction of travel (40), wherein they have different lengths and in particular in the region of a rear axle arrangement (7) have a shorter length. chassis after Claim 16 , 17 or 18 , characterized in that the modular unit (3) has one or more intermediate carriers (20) which are arranged between adjacent hollow bodies (10,11,12,13) and space them in the direction of travel (40), with an intermediate carrier (20) in Area of a rear axle assembly (7) is arranged. Chassis according to one of Claims 16 until 19 , characterized in that a platform assembly (17) has a platform (29) on the underside of which several hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13) are arranged and fastened. Chassis according to one of Claims 16 until 20 , characterized in that a platform assembly (17) has lateral support profiles (30) and axle brackets (31). Chassis according to one of Claims 16 until 19 , characterized in that a frame assembly (18) has a framework-like tubular frame (33) with frame compartments for accommodating hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13). Chassis according to one of Claims 16 until 19 , characterized in that a module assembly (15) has one or more load-bearing direct connections (19) between adjacent hollow bodies (10, 11, 12, 13). Chassis according to one of Claims 16 until 19 or 23 , characterized in that a module assembly (15) has an axle bracket connection (21) between adjacent hollow bodies (10,11,12,13), lateral axle bracket profiles (22) accommodating a rear axle arrangement (7) and several adjacent hollow bodies (12,13 ) on the front side and connect them to each other and to another hollow body (10) in the direction of travel (40). Motorized land vehicle with a chassis (2), characterized in that the chassis (2) according to one of Claims 1 until 24 is trained. Motorized land vehicle after Claim 25 , characterized in that a land vehicle (1) with front wheel drive has a motorized towing vehicle (5) and a chassis (2).

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