DE102012011375A1 - Carabiner for use in different application areas such as mountain sports and aerial sports, has closing portion with longitudinal extension of six centimeter between closing portion pivotable axis and end of closing portion - Google Patents

Abstract

The carabiner (1) has a clamp (3) partially surrounding a receiving opening (2) and a closing portion (5) for closing the receiving opening of the clamp in the closing position of the closing portion, where the closing portion is prestressed towards its closing position. The closing portion is pivotably arranged to the clamp around a closing portion pivotable axis (4). The closing portion has a longitudinal extension (10) of 6 centimeter, particularly 7 centimeter between the closing portion pivotable axis and an end (12) of the closing portion.

Description

The invention relates to a snap hook with a, at least one receiving opening partially enclosing bracket and at least one, on the bracket about a Schließteilschwenkachse pivotally mounted, in particular biased towards its closed position, closing part for closing the receiving opening of the bracket in the closed position of the closing part, wherein the Receiving opening in at least one open position of the closing part is accessible from the outside and the snap hook additionally has a locking part for locking the closing part in its closed position.

Snap hooks are known in a variety of embodiments and are also used in a variety of applications. Among other things, here are the mountain sports, aviation and occupational safety. Often it is important for safety reasons that the closure member can not be accidentally pivoted from its closed position to its open position. For this purpose, there are different solutions in the prior art with differently designed locking parts, which serve to lock the closure member in its closed position. Widely used z. B. Solutions, such as, for example, in the DE 296 10 293 U1 are shown. In this solution, a sliding sleeve is arranged on the closing part, which prevents pivoting of the closing part against the bracket in the closed position. Other solutions are z. B. from the WO 91/13264 as well as the AT 400 976 B known. Here, relatively filigree designed locking parts are integrated directly into the closing part. The previously mentioned variants of the locking of the closing part in its closed position have disadvantages especially when the snap hooks must be operated with gloves or clammy fingers.

From the FR 2 536 805 A1 , of the FR 2 485 658 A1 and the DE 198 39 853 A1 are snap hooks with locking parts known, the locking parts are arranged in the receiving opening and must be operated in this receiving opening. This has the disadvantage that the user has to reach into the receiving opening for actuating the blocking part, which brings with it a potential risk of injury. To avoid this, it is already known to arrange the actuating surface of a locking part outside the receiving opening. Such a snap hook is in the FR 2 439 330 shown.

The object of the invention is to improve generic snap hooks to the effect that they are particularly user-friendly for securing persons or loads of ropes, especially steel cables, such as those used as fixed ropes in via ferrata, are suitable.

This is achieved in that the closing part between the closing part pivot axis and an end of the closing part facing away from the closing part pivot axis has a longitudinal extent of at least 6 cm, preferably of at least 7 cm.

A basic idea of the invention is thus to make the closing part relatively long, which runs counter to the general trend of using as short closing parts as possible for reasons of strength.

By means of the invention it is achieved that the operator of the carabiner hook can actuate the closing part without having to touch the rope, in particular the steel cable, with his fingers. This reduces the risk of injury to the operator's fingers on the rope. Especially with wet ropes and steel cables and the risk that the closing part of the actuated finger by the touch of the rope or steel rope to cool and become clammy, lowered.

In order to come as little as possible when using the closing part of the snap hook with a rope or steel rope in which the snap hook is to be mounted or from which it is to be taken out, it is further favorable if one, preferably integrally formed with the counter-locking part , Handle part is arranged on the closing part and the handle part, at least in the closed position of the closing part of the Schließteilschwenkachse over at most 60%, preferably not more than 50%, the longitudinal extent of the closing part between the Schließteilschwenkachse and a remote from the Schließteilschwenkachse end of the closing part. Speaking in absolute terms, it is favorable in this sense, when a, preferably integrally formed, with the counter-locking part handle part is arranged on the closing part and, seen in a longitudinal direction of the closing part, a distance between a side facing away from the Schließteilschwenkachse end of the handle part and one of the Closing part pivot axis facing away from the end of the closing part at least 2 cm, preferably at least 3 cm.

When determining the longitudinal extent of the closing part between the closing part pivot axis and the end of the closing part facing away from the closing part pivot axis, always the outermost end of the closing part in the direction of its longitudinal extent is to be used. In this, facing away from the Schließteilschwenkachse end of the closing part is conveniently to the End of the closing part, which is in the closed position of the closing part with one end of the bracket in conjunction and is separated in the open positions of the closing part for opening the receiving opening to the outside of said end of the bracket.

It is preferably provided that the blocking part has an actuating surface arranged outside the receiving opening. This also protects the user's fingers from injury by the rope or wire rope. Preferred embodiments of the invention can also provide that the blocking part for locking the closing part against a counter-locking shoulder of a, in particular rigid, arranged on the closing part counter-locking part, in particular directly, is applied.

Preferred embodiments provide that, at least in the closed position of the closing part, measured in a direction parallel to a longitudinal extension of the closing part, a distance between the counter-locking shoulder and the Schließteilschwenkachse more than 25%, preferably more than 28%, of the longitudinal extent of the closing part between the Schließteilschwenkachse and an end remote from the Schließteilschwenkachse end of the closing part.

A basic idea of these variants of the present invention is therefore to arrange a counter-locking shoulder, on which the locking part arresting locking part, measured in a direction parallel to the longitudinal extent of the closing part, relatively far away from the Schließteilschwenkachse. This has the advantage that relatively low forces act on the locking part and the counter-locking shoulder due to the favorable lever ratios, when locking part and counter-locking shoulder abut each other for locking the closing part in its closed position and at the same time trying to push the closing part in its open position. This makes it possible to form the locking part and / or counter-locking part of relatively soft or lightweight material, whereby the snap hook can have a low overall weight without compromising its usability and resilience must be made.

Thus, in the course of the invention z. B. be provided that the locking part and / or the counter-locking part, optionally with an already mentioned grip part, is completely or at least partially made of plastic or are.

In terms of these variants of the invention, it is spoken in absolute terms, particularly favorable, if measured at least in the closed position of the closing part, in a direction parallel to a longitudinal extension of the closing part, the distance between the counter-locking shoulder and the Schließteilschwenkachse more than 1.5 cm , preferably more than 2 cm.

As also usually realized in known snap hooks, it is favorable if also snap hooks according to the invention have a spring or another elastic element or the like which biases the closing part in the direction of its closed position. Such biasing elements may, for. B. be arranged in the region of the closing part pivot axis, as is known per se. For the sake of completeness, it is pointed out that when calculating the ratios mentioned, the distance between the counter-locking shoulder and the closing part pivot axis in the direction parallel to the longitudinal extent of the closing part is always the shortest distance in this direction between the counter-locking shoulder and closing part pivot axis. In determining the longitudinal extent of the closing part between the closing part pivot axis and the end of the closing part facing away from the closing part pivot axis, as already explained above, the outermost end of the closing part must always be used in the direction of its longitudinal extent.

In terms of a simple construction of the snap hook, it is advantageous if the counter-locking shoulder, at least when the locking member abuts against it, is preferably arranged in all operating positions of the closing part, within the receiving opening.

To be able to operate the closure part or the snap hook with one hand as simply as possible, preferred embodiments of the invention provide that the blocking part is a lever which is pivotably mounted on the bracket by means of a blocking part pivot joint, wherein it is preferably provided that the blocking part for releasing the counter locking shoulder and thus of the Closing part to pivot from its lock in the same pivoting direction, as the closing part during pivoting from its closed position to its open position. In other words, it is thus advantageous if the blocking part for releasing the counter-locking shoulder and thus the closing part and the closing part for pivoting in the direction of its open position in the same direction of rotation, so either both in or both must be rotated counterclockwise. This makes it possible to access from the outside like a pliers to actuate the locking part and the closing part. In this sense, it is also advantageous if an actuating surface of the locking member for unlocking the closing part towards the receiving opening movable, preferably pivotally, and the closing part is pivotable into its pivoting from its closed position into one of its open positions in the receiving opening.

So that the locking member remains in its open position or entarretierenden position when the closing part is in one of its open positions, preferred embodiments of the invention provide that the counter-locking member at least one curved sliding surface with which the closing part during pivoting on the locking part, preferably on his Whole pivoting path, along slides, wherein it is preferably provided that the sliding surface is disposed within the receiving opening. The sliding surface preferably forms a region of the counter-locking part arranged outside the counter-locking shoulder, which then comes into contact with the blocking part when the blocking part is released from the counter-blocking shoulder and the closing part is in one of its open positions.

In the prior art, the locking members are usually mounted pivotally with their Sperrteilschwenkgelenkachsen directly on the bracket. For this purpose, it is necessary to provide a corresponding hole for passing the Sperrteilschwenkgelenkachse in the bracket. This means a material weakening of the bracket and thus the carabiner hook. In order to avoid this, a particular aspect of the invention provides that the locking part, preferably a locking part pivot joint, is held on the bracket by means of a sleeve, preferably completely, around the strap. By circling around the bracket, it is no longer necessary to provide a hole in the bracket for the Sperrteilschwenkgelenkachse. The attachment of Sperrteilschwenkgelenkachse and thus the locking member can be done directly on the sleeve and thus indirectly on the bracket.

In the sense of a simple way of attaching the carabiner hook in already self-contained belt loops or loops, z. As a via ferrata set, it is advantageous if the snap hook has a single receiving opening or the receiving opening is the only receiving opening of the snap hook. This distinguishes preferred embodiments of the invention z. B. from known per se on the market carabiners in which in addition to the receiving opening a separate eyelet is provided in the bracket, which serves to attach the carabiner hook on a belt, a sling or a rope. If such snap hooks of the prior art are mounted in a strap loop, the strap loop can not be completed in advance, but the band must be passed through the eyelet and then sewn. This is a significant overhead, z. As in the production of via ferrata sets, which is avoided by said preferred solution with only a single receiving opening. It does not bother if locking parts and / or counter-locking parts at least partially protrude into the receiving opening or are arranged in this, as when hooking the snap hook in an already completed belt loop or rope loop this can either be threaded past the locking part or Gegensperrteil or you can Locking part only attached to the bracket when the strap loop is already hooked on the bracket. This is not possible with self-contained eyelets.

For the sake of completeness, it is also pointed out that preferred embodiments of snap hooks provide that the locking part is held opposite the closing part on the bracket. This in turn achieves a particularly simple operability.

It should also be pointed out that snap hooks according to the invention or their brackets and / or closing parts can be produced by cold forming. This is recognizable by the fact that the burrs produced during the forging of such parts are not present. The cold forming of the bracket and / or the closing part has above all the advantage of cost-effective production, but is not the only possible manufacturing method for snap hooks according to the invention or their brackets and / or closing parts. These can of course also, as known in the art, forged.

In particular, in this context, it is also advantageous if the bracket over the largest possible areas has a constant cross-sectional area. Thus, it can be provided that the bracket apart from the contact areas of the closing part over at least 80%. or at least 90% of its extent, preferably completely, has a constant cross-sectional area.

Further features and details of preferred embodiments are explained below with reference to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Show it:

1 shows a side view of the inventive embodiment of a snap hook in the closed position of the closing part;

2 shows the same snap hook, but the closing part is in the maximum open position;

3 and 4 show the attachment of the locking part by means of a collar on the bracket of the snap hook according to 1 and 2 ,

Before looking at further details of the illustrated snap hook 1 it should be noted that the snap hook 1 is shown reduced in size in the figures. Conveniently Carabiner according to the invention 1 thus larger, in particular scaled enlarged trained.

The snap hook according to the invention shown in the figures 1 has a known bow 3 on, on which the closing part 5 by means of the closing part pivot axis 4 is pivotally mounted. The closing part 5 has the longitudinal extent according to the invention 10 between the closing part pivot axis 4 and that of the closing part pivot axis 4 opposite end 12 of the closing part 5 , which brings the advantages explained in the introduction. In 1 is the closing part 5 pivoted into its closed position. In 2 is the closing part 5 in its maximum open position. The coat hanger 3 partially encloses the receiving opening 2 in which a rope, a band, a loop, a sling or the like can be hung. Is the closing part 5 in its closed position according to 1 so enclose the hanger 3 and the closing part 5 at least in the side view according to 1 seen, the receiving opening 2 Completely. One in the receiving opening 2 suspended rope or band can not in this position thus on the closing part 5 over from the receiving opening 2 escape as long as it is not orthogonal to the drawing plane according to 1 is deducted. In the open position of the closing part according to 2 is the receiving opening 2 accessible from the outside, so that a rope or a band and especially also loops or loops or the like in the receiving opening 2 introduced or removed from this. The closing part 5 is favorably in the direction of its closed position according to 1 biased. For this purpose, known per se spring elements z. B. in the field of Schließteilschwenkachse 4 between temples 3 and closing part 5 be arranged. These elastic or resilient biasing elements are not explicitly visible in the illustrated figures, but may, as known per se in the prior art, be executed.

So that the closing part 5 not accidentally from its closed position according to 1 can be pivoted into one of its open positions, the interaction of the fixed in this embodiment, the closing part 5 attached anti-lock part 9 with the means of Sperrteilschwenkgelenks 15 swiveling on the hanger 3 stored blocking part 6 intended. Is the blocking part 6 , here specifically with his Sperrschulter 24 , at the counter-lock shoulder 8th of the anti-lock part 9 like this in 1 the case is, so is the closing part 5 locked in its closed position. The closing part 5 So it can only be pivoted to one of its open positions when the blocking part 6 the counter-lock shoulder 8th and thus the counter-blocking part 9 releases. To achieve this release, the user of the snap hook must 1 on the actuating surface 7 of the blocking part 6 to press. This will be the blocking part 6 in the swing direction 17 in his Sperrteilschwenkgelenk 15 or about its Sperrteilschwenkgelenkachse 19 panned around, bringing the counter-lock shoulder 8th is released. Only when this release is done, the closing part 5 in the swing direction 16 around its closing part pivot axis 4 be pivoted around in an open position. As already explained, it is in the sense of easy operability of the snap hook 1 favorable when the pivoting directions 16 and 17 in the sense of a same sense of rotation are the same. In other words, it is thus favorable, as also realized here, when the blocking part 6 in the same direction of rotation, ie clockwise or counterclockwise, for the release must be pivoted, as followed by the closing part 5 then it is pivoted into its open position. To this operation of closing part 5 and blocking part 6 the user can use the snap hook 1 attack from the outside like a pliers.

Thus the blocking part 6 can not be swung back, as long as the closing part 5 is located in one of its open positions, in the preferred embodiment shown on the anti-lock part 9 a, executed here curved, sliding surface 18 provided on the locking part in the illustrated embodiment with its locking shoulder 24 is present, what a swinging back of the locking part 6 against the direction 17 around its locking part pivot axis 19 prevented around.

In the embodiment shown is the closing part 5 a handle part 13 arranged. This is as a support surface for the fingers of the user of the snap hook 1 provided if this is the closing part 5 wants to pan into one of its open positions. In the embodiment shown, the handle part 13 integral with the anti-lock part 9 trained and, like the counter-locking part 9 in itself, fix on the closing part 5 attached.

To without loss of security or strength, the weight of the snap hook 1 To be able to keep as low as possible, as explained above, provided in this embodiment that the distance 11 in the direction parallel to a longitudinal extent 10 of the closing part or to its longitudinal direction 25 seen between the counter-lock shoulder 8th and the closing part pivot axis 4 more than 25%, preferably more than 28%, of the longitudinal extent 10 of the closing part 5 between the closing part pivot axis 4 and that of the closing part pivot axis 4 opposite end 12 of the closing part 5 is. In the embodiment shown, the distance 11 even more than 30% of the longitudinal extent 10 , As a result, favorable leverage ratios for the interaction of locking part 6 and counter-block 9 or counter-lock shoulder 8th achieved so that they without loss of strength from a relatively light or soft material such. B. plastic can be produced, resulting in a significant weight saving without loss of strength in the snap hook 1 can be achieved. As already explained, the distance is 11 Conveniently more than 1.5 cm, preferably more than 2 cm.

So that the user with his fingers, which when pressing the closing part 5 on the handle part 3 abut, not with one, in the receiving opening 2 It is in addition to the longitudinal extension according to the invention to be hooked or to be taken from this rope to be removed 10 of the closing part 5 , as already explained above, low, if one, preferably in one piece with the counter-locking part 9 trained, handle part 13 on the closing part 5 is arranged and the handle part 13 at least in the closed position of the closing part 5 from the closing part pivot axis 4 at most 60%, preferably at most 50%, of the longitudinal extent 10 of the closing part 5 between the closing part pivot axis 4 and one of the closing part pivot axis 4 opposite end 12 of the closing part 5 extends. Speaking in absolute terms, it is favorable in this sense, if that of the Schließteilschwenkachse 4 opposite end 14 of the grip part 13 and that of the closing part pivot axis 4 opposite end 12 of the closing part 5 longitudinal 25 of the closing part 5 at least 2 cm, preferably at least 3 cm, is spaced. In 1 this is by the distance 26 illustrated.

In 2 can still be seen that the counter-blocking part 9 when pivoting the closing part 5 under the blocking shoulder 24 of the blocking part 6 is pivoted in, wherein the locking part 6 thereby, in the illustrated embodiment with its locking shoulder 24 , on the sliding surface 18 of the anti-lock part 9 along slides. Apart from the lock shoulder 24 is the blocking part 6 in this open position but against the Gegensperrteil 9 or its sliding surface 18 optional. This is in 2 to see.

The 3 and 4 illustrate how to avoid in a preferred embodiment, for fixing the locking part 6 or its Sperrteilgelenkachse 19 a hole in the hanger 3 to have to drill. To avoid this, a cuff is in this preferred embodiment 20 provided, which the hanger 3 embraces. This allows the locking part pivoting joint 15 or its Sperrteilschwenkgelenkachse 19 on the cuff 20 and thus indirectly on the bracket 3 to fix. In the concrete embodiment shown, the cuff comprises 20 additionally the intermediate body 22 and a hollow rivet 23 with the cuff 20 at the temple 3 is attached. The cuff 20 may be in the range of a cross section change 21 at the temple 3 be arranged. The change in cross section 21 can be realized with little or no change in the area of the cross section. On a corresponding cross-sectional change 21 can also be dispensed with. In the illustrated embodiment, in any case, the Sperrteilschwenkgelenkachse 19 for pivotally mounting the locking part 6 on the cuff 20 and thus indirectly on the bracket 3 into the hollow rivets 23 introduced, bringing the Sperrteilschwenkgelenk 15 is trained.

4 shows a plan view of this in the embodiment shown for attachment of the locking part 6 at the temple 3 provided components.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

carabiner

2

receiving opening

3

hanger

4

Closing part swivel axis

5

closing part

6

blocking part

7

actuating surface

8th

Counter locking shoulder

9

Against blocking part

10

longitudinal extension

11

distance

12

The End

13

handle part

14

The End

15

Locking part swivel joint

16

pan direction

17

pan direction

18

sliding surface

19

Blocking part pivot axis

20

cuff

21

Cross-sectional change

22

intermediate body

23

Hohlniete

24

blocking shoulder

25

longitudinal direction

26

distance

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 29610293 U1 [0002]
• WO 91/13264 [0002]
• AT 400976 B [0002]
• FR 2536805 A1 [0003]
• FR 2485658 A1 [0003]
• DE 19839853 A1 [0003]
• FR 2439330 [0003]

Claims (10)

Snap hook ( 1 ) with one, at least one receiving opening ( 2 ) partially enclosing bracket ( 3 ) and at least one, on the bracket ( 3 ) about a closing part pivot axis ( 4 ) pivotally arranged, in particular biased toward its closed position, closing part ( 5 ) for closing the receiving opening ( 2 ) of the bracket ( 3 ) in the closed position of the closing part ( 5 ), wherein the receiving opening ( 2 ) in at least one open position of the closing part ( 5 ) is accessible from the outside and the snap hook ( 1 ) additionally a blocking part ( 6 ) for locking the closing part ( 5 ) in its closed position, characterized in that the closing part ( 5 ) between the closing part pivot axis ( 4 ) and one, from the closing part pivot axis ( 4 ) facing away from the end ( 12 ) of the closing part ( 5 ) a longitudinal extent ( 10 ) of at least 6 cm, preferably at least 7 cm. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the blocking part ( 6 ) one outside the receiving opening ( 2 ) arranged actuating surface ( 7 ) and / or for locking the closing part ( 5 ) on a counter-locking shoulder ( 8th ) one, in particular rigid, on the closing part ( 5 ) arranged counter-locking part ( 9 ), in particular directly, is applied. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that at least in the closed position of the closing part ( 5 ), in a direction parallel to a longitudinal extent ( 10 ) of the closing part ( 5 ), a distance ( 11 ) between the counter lock shoulder ( 8th ) and the closing part pivot axis ( 4 ) more than 25%, preferably more than 28%, of the longitudinal extent ( 10 ) of the closing part ( 5 ) between the closing part pivot axis ( 4 ) and one of the closing part pivot axis ( 4 ) facing away from the end ( 12 ) of the closing part ( 5 ) is. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least in the closed position of the closing part ( 5 ), in a direction parallel to a longitudinal extent ( 10 ) of the closing part ( 5 ), the distance ( 11 ) between the counter lock shoulder ( 8th ) and the closing part pivot axis ( 4 ) is more than 1.5 cm, preferably more than 2 cm. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the counter-locking shoulder ( 8th ), at least if the blocking part ( 6 ) abuts against it, preferably in all operating positions of the closing part ( 5 ), within the receiving opening ( 2 ) is arranged. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the blocking part ( 6 ) by means of a Sperrteilschwenkgelenks ( 15 ) on the bracket ( 3 ) is pivotally mounted lever, wherein it is preferably provided that the locking part ( 6 ) for releasing the closing part ( 5 ) from its locking in the same pivoting direction ( 16 . 17 ) is to pivot as the closing part ( 5 ) when pivoting from its closed position to its open position. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the counter-locking part ( 9 ) at least one curved sliding surface ( 18 ), with which the closing part ( 5 ) when pivoting on the locking part ( 6 ), preferably along its entire pivoting path, along slides, wherein it is preferably provided that the sliding surface ( 18 ) within the receiving opening ( 2 ) is arranged. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the blocking part ( 6 ) and / or the counter-blocking part ( 9 ), optionally with the handle part ( 13 ), is formed completely or at least partially made of plastic or are. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the blocking part ( 6 ), preferably a Sperrteilschwenkgelenk ( 15 ), by means of a bracket ( 3 ), preferably completely encompassing cuff ( 20 ) on the bracket ( 3 ) is held. Snap hook ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the blocking part ( 6 ) the closing part ( 5 ) opposite to the bracket ( 3 ) and / or that an actuating surface ( 7 ) of the blocking part ( 6 ) for unlocking the closing part ( 5 ) towards the receiving opening ( 2 ) is movable, preferably pivotable, and the closing part ( 5 ) for pivoting from its closed position into one of its open positions into the receiving opening ( 2 ) and / or that the receiving opening ( 2 ) the only receiving opening ( 2 ) of the snap hook ( 1 ).

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