DE102011081013A1 - Relay e.g. pure engaging relay, for thrust-screw-drive starter to turn on internal combustion engine of motor car, has damping element cooperating with magnets and arranged in region of drive bearing of relay between housing and anchor unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The relay (13) has lifting magnets arranged in a housing (20), and a damping element cooperating with the lifting magnets. The damping element dampens a movement stop of an anchor unit of the lifting magnets. The damping element is arranged in a region of a drive bearing of the relay between the housing and the anchor unit. The damping element is arranged at the housing and/or the anchor unit. The damping element is attached at a drive-side end shield (21) of the relay adjacent to the lifting magnets. The damping element is formed as a composite element and a pulse damper.

Description

The invention relates to a relay, in particular a relay for a starter device for starting an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a starting device, in particular a starter, for starting an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 10.

State of the art

The invention is based on a system with a starter or starter motor and a starter with relays according to the preamble of the independent claims.

The present invention starters and starters for vehicles with internal combustion engines and in particular a relay, which is used in a starter.

From the prior art, starters with a starter relay for vehicles with internal combustion engines are known, which generally comprise a DC electric motor for driving the internal combustion engine.

In such starters or starter motors, for example, a relay fork lever system with a corresponding relay is responsible for a meshing or a hub in the sprocket. In a hub, also referred to as distance, or more precisely a meshing movement, a relay pulls a fork lever to the rear. This is done by a corresponding energization of the relay. An energization is switched for example by another relay, such as a magnetic switch. The relay works in a similar way to the relay of the fork lift system. During energization, a switching axis cooperating with a magnetic core is moved axially in the direction of a contact or away from it.

From the WO 2011/039349 A2 is a Vorspuraktuator, in particular a relay for an electric starter device for an internal combustion engine, known, comprising a housing in which a movable armature and an armature circuit are included, wherein at least a the armature and / or at the armature circuit noise reducing damping elements are provided. The damping elements are arranged between the armature and the armature circuit.

Disclosure of the invention

The relay according to the invention and the starting device according to the invention with relays having the features of the corresponding main claim or independent claim have the prior art over the advantage that in the relay, in particular the relay for the starter for cranking an internal combustion engine, comprising a arranged in a housing lifting magnet and at least one damping element cooperating with the lifting magnet, which serves for damping a movement stop of an armature unit of the lifting magnet, wherein the damping element is arranged in a region of a drive bearing of the relay between the housing and the armature unit, due to the arrangement of the damping element an easier manufacture and interchangeability of the damping element is. In the known solution, damping takes place only when the armature moves in the direction of the armature circuit. In contrast, in the solution according to the invention (also) a damping in a movement of the armature in the direction of housing. In particular, a damping takes place during a movement in the direction of the drive bearing or bearing plate, since the damping element is arranged on the bearing plate side. The drive bearing hereby includes the end shield. Between housing and anchor unit means according to the invention that the damping element is arranged on the housing and / or the anchor unit and / or on a component or respectively adjacent thereto in the area between anchor unit and housing, preferably in axial extension to the anchor unit. The damping element is preferably formed in one piece, may also be formed in several parts in several parts, so that several damping element are covered by the term damping element.

The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the independent and independent claims predetermined devices are possible.

An embodiment of the invention provides that the damping element is arranged on the housing and / or on the anchor unit. Basically, the damping element is arranged at any point in the region of the drive bearing. For example, it is provided in one embodiment that the damping element - depending on the design of the relay - is arranged on a component in this area, for example on an engagement lever. Preferably, the damping element is formed on the housing and / or on the armature unit, in particular in a switching relay, in which, for example, no engagement lever or other components in the Area of the drive bearing are present, to which a damping element can be attached.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the damping element is attached to a drive-side end shield of the relay adjacent to the lifting magnet. In this case, the damping element is mounted in extension of a travel path of the anchor unit. The end shield is designed as a detachable part of the housing. Due to the removable design, a damping element can easily be attached and / or retrofitted to the housing or to the housing-side side of the anchor unit. The damping element is preferably formed in one piece. In other embodiments, a multi-part damping element is provided. In a one-piece design, the damping element is attached either to the armature unit or to the housing, more precisely to the end shield. In a multi-part design, the damping element is attached to the end plate and / or on the anchor unit. The damping element is preferably designed as a pulse damper and prevents the anchor unit from striking the housing.

A further embodiment of the present invention provides that the damping element is attached to a drive-side end of the armature unit of the lifting magnet adjacent to the housing, in particular adjacent to the end shield. In this case, the damping element is angordnet on a side facing the end plate of the anchor unit. As described above, the arrangement of a one- or multi-part damping element at the drive end, that is, at the end facing the end plate, the anchor unit easily attachable and / or interchangeable.

In addition, another embodiment of the present invention provides that the damping element comprises at least one elastic damping body. The damping body is arbitrarily shaped and adapted to receive and dampen a pulse. For this purpose, the damping body has corresponding reversible elastic properties. For example, the damping body is an elastomer. Other materials are conceivable. The shape or the cross section of the damping body is arbitrary. In a multi-part embodiment of the damping body, a damping body is made of a composite material in one embodiment. This damping body has, for example, an elastic and a non-elastic part. Alternatively, several elastic parts are realized with different moduli of elasticity. In one embodiment, the plurality of parts are connected to one another in a positive, force and / or material fit manner. In other embodiments, the plurality of parts abut each other, for example in a housing.

A further embodiment of the present invention provides that the damping body is designed as a spring-storage unit, in particular as a helical compression spring. This is easy to implement and easy to assemble. Optionally, mounting aids such as guiding or Befestigungsan- or -ausformungen are provided, for example on the anchor unit and / or on the housing. The spring-storage unit can be realized in any designs, one-piece or multi-part, passive or active.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides that the damping body is formed as a rubber elastic element. In this embodiment, the damping body is integrally formed. This is easy to manufacture and easy to handle, for example during assembly.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides that the damping element is designed as a composite element with at least one damping body and at least one rigid composite body. The damping element is designed in several parts in one embodiment. In this case, the damping element comprises at least one damping body, which is designed in one piece or in several parts. In addition, the damping element comprises a further composite body. The composite body is rigid, that is, more rigid than the damping element. For example, the composite body is designed as a housing or holder for the elastic damping body. The composite body is formed for example of a different material such as the damping body, in particular of metal or a thermosetting plastic. The composite body is formed in one embodiment of the same material as the housing and / or the anchor unit.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides that the damping element is formed at least partially integrated with the bearing plate and / or the anchor unit. In particular, an embodiment provides that the damping element is formed at least partially in one piece with the bearing plate and / or the anchor unit. In particular, the composite body is integral or integral with the bearing plate, that is formed with the housing and / or the anchor unit. Integrated also includes a fixed, not loose, connection to the housing and / or the anchor unit. For example, the damping element is at least partially welded to the housing and / or the anchor unit, glued, screwed, riveted and the like. The damping body is in one Version releasably received in the composite, which allows easy replacement. In another embodiment, the composite body or the damping element has an adjusting unit. With this example, a distance of the damping body to the anchor unit and / or the housing can be adjusted to realize, for example, a previous or later contact.

The starting device, in particular a starter for starting an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one relay for switching and / or engaging an engagement device, wherein the relay is designed as a relay according to the invention, over the prior art has the advantage that a damping even during a movement the anchor unit is ensured in the direction of the housing, wherein the damping element is easy to assemble and replaceable.

An embodiment provides that the starting device comprises an engagement relay and a switching relay and that at least one of the two relays is designed as a relay according to the invention. In this case, a relay is designed as a pure Einspurrelais without damping element. The other relay is designed as a pure switching relay with damping element. Accordingly, at least the switching relay is designed as a relay according to the invention.

Brief description of the drawings

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

1 in a cross-sectional view a starting device with relays,

2a and 2 B in two different views, an embodiment of a starting device with two relays,

3a - 3d in different views and different details an embodiment of a relay with damping element,

4 in a sectional cross-sectional view of a schematic representation of another embodiment of a starter with a relay with damping element,

5 in a sectional cross-sectional view of a schematic representation of another embodiment of a starter with a relay with damping element,

6 in a sectional cross-sectional view of a schematic representation of another embodiment of a starter with a relay with damping element,

7a - 7e in different, partially sectional views and in different details a schematic representation of another embodiment of a starter with a relay with damping element,

8a - 8g in different, partially sectional views and in different details a schematic representation of another embodiment of a starter with a relay with damping element and

9a - 9f in different, partially sectional views and in different details a schematic representation of another embodiment of a starter with a relay with damping element.

Description of the embodiment

1 shows a starting device in a cross-sectional view 10 an internal combustion engine with relays 13 , also designed as a switching or contact relay. starting devices 10 This type are mainly used in motor vehicles and referred to as a starter, especially thrust screwdriver starter. The main components include an electric machine 11 , in particular starter, a gearbox 12 , in particular planetary gear, and the relay 13 , in particular a magnetic switch. The electric machine 11 stands with the gearbox 12 by means of an armature shaft 14 in a mechanical operative connection. The gear 12 is by means of a to the armature shaft 14 adjacent separating element 15 , in particular cover plate or cover, from the electrical machine 11 separated. The armature shaft 14 is provided with a sealing element that is connected to the separating element 15 forms a rotatable seal. The seal is located in an area of a marking window 17 is enclosed. With the present technical solution, an arrangement is thus created in which the transmission 12 is protected from a particle or media entry.

When starting the internal combustion engine, the electric machine 11 briefly connected by the magnetic switch via a gear drive with the internal combustion engine. Due to the typically high speed of the electrical machine designed as an electric motor 11 and a torque required for the starting operation, a large gear ratio is required. The desired gear ratio is by a pinion, in particular a starter pinion on the starter and a comparatively large to the starter pinion of a associated flywheel reaches. The starter pinion is on the armature shaft 14 axially continuously displaceable and is brought by the magnetic switch or solenoid with the teeth of the flywheel engaged. After that, then the electric motor 11 by the closing of a contact switch, which is part of the magnetic switch or push-in, turned on. The starter pinion is equipped with a freewheel that prevents the started internal combustion engine via the still starter pinion geared in the electric machine 11 drives at too high a speed and thus damaged or destroyed. Such starters generally have an electric machine 11 a series-wound motor or a permanent-magnet motor.

The electric machine 11 consists of a stationary part, the stator, and a rotatably mounted part, the rotor. In the present case, it is an internal rotor whose rotor is the inner part and whose stator is the outer part of the electric machine 11 Are defined. The rotor has a coil with iron core, which is also referred to as an armature and is rotatably mounted in the magnetic field between pole pieces of the stator. At the electric machine 11 the so-called field winding is replaced by a permanent magnet, that is, permanent magnet. Due to sophisticated permanent magnets can be at Andrehvorrichtungen 10 for motor vehicles to be dispensed with a stator winding. The coil, in particular armature winding, of the armature is controlled via a commutator. The commutator, for example, via a pair of fixed carbon brushes, which are pressed against a drum rotating together with the armature, a line connection from a housing to the windings of the armature. The surface of the drum is divided into segments isolated from each other. As is usual with a DC electric machine, the armature has half as many windings as the commutator is provided with segments. Each winding is connected at its ends with two opposing segments. Due to the special torque requirement and the current flow, the cross section between the segments and the associated carbon brushes is particularly wide. With four carbon brushes, two windings can be effective and with six carbon brushes, three windings can be effective at the same time.

The trained on the principle of an electric solenoid relay 13 has a stationary relay winding which cooperates with an armature unit. The armature unit is mounted axially displaceable and is formed by a return spring designed as a helical compression spring in the non-energized state of the relay 13 pushed into a first position. Next includes the relay 13 conductors wound around a common iron core and forming conductor windings. The relay 13 is at least partially in a housing 20 added. In the in 1 illustrated embodiment, the housing 20 at least partially as a bearing plate 21 or drive bearing formed.

The 2a to 9g show in different views and different details different embodiments of the starter 10 , especially starters, with relays 13 , Identical or similar components are identified by the same reference numerals. On a detailed description of already described components will be omitted.

2a and 2 B show in two different views an embodiment of the starter 10 with two different relays 13 , A first relay 13a is designed as a contact relay or Einspurrelais. A second relay 13b is designed as a magnetic switch. Both relays 13a . 13b each have a housing 20a respectively. 20b on, in which the respective relay 13 at least partially included. On a drive side A, the trained as a contact relay first relay 13a an engagement or Einspurmechanismus. The second relay 13b does not have such a mechanism, but is designed as a pure switching relay. 2 B shows a side facing away from the drive side A of the starter 10 , The structure of the relays 13 is shown in the following figures.

3a - 3d show in different views and different details an embodiment of the relay 13 with damping element 30 , 3a showed a cross section through a section of the starter 10 with the relay 13 , The relay 13 has in addition to the well-known components such as contact and contact bridge an (electric) solenoid 40 on. The electric lifting magnet 40 includes an iron core 42 that with a winding 41 is wrapped in two different conductor wires. Axially movable is in the iron core 42 an anchor unit 50 arranged. This comprises in the illustrated embodiment an anchor 51 and one in the anchor 51 taken up driver 52 , At the side facing the contact, so far away from the end shield 21 facing side, the anchor unit 50 a so-called anchor conclusion 53 on. Between the anchor conclusion 53 and the end shield 21 is the anchor 51 including driver 52 axially movable. Between the anchor unit 50 more precisely between the anchor 51 and the end shield 21 , So the drive bearing, is the damping element 30 arranged. The damping element 30 has an elastic damping body in the form shown here 31 on. The damping body 31 is in the embodiment shown here as a circular ring 31a executed, like in the 3b - 3d is clearly visible. Here is the damping body 31 on the as a bearing plate 21 fastened trained drive bearing. Alternatively, this could also be secured with a locking ring on the anchor unit. For this purpose, the bearing plate 21 a groove-shaped depression 21a on, in which a corresponding, in particular complementary Anformung 32 of the damping body 31 is inserted. For secure attachment of the damping body 31 on the bearing plate 21 funds are still foreseeable. Now moves with a corresponding energization of the solenoid 40 the anchor 51 and / or the driver 52 towards the end shield 21 , so the damping body prevents 31 a collision with the end shield 21 , wherein due to the elastic and thus damping properties of the damping body 31 a (joint) shock cushioned and damped accordingly. The damping body 31 has a paragraph 33 on. Paragraph 33 corresponds to a paragraph 54 of the anchor 50 so that in this area a suitable interaction of damping element 30 and anchor unit 50 is ensured for optimal damping. The circular ring 31a has a passage through which the driver 52 sticks out when the anchor 51 at the circular ring 31a is applied. Thus, there is a damping over the bearing plate 21 and the circular ring 3 facing corresponding surface area of the armature 51 ,

In the embodiments according to the 4 to 8th there is a damping by an interaction of the driver 52 as part of the anchor 51 and the damping element 30 ,

4 shows in a sectional cross-sectional view a schematic representation of another embodiment of the starter 10 with the relay 13 with damping element 30 , In essence, the structure of the relay 13 to 3 and 4 built up the same. However, in the area of the end shield 21 another embodiment of the damping element 30 intended. The damping element 30 is in a recess 21b of the end shield 21 arranged, in which the driver 52 at a stop of the anchor unit 50 on the bearing plate 21 without damping element 30 would strike. The damping element 30 includes the damping body 31 , The damping body 31 is as a spring-storage unit 31b , More precisely formed as a spiral compression spring. This is with a wall of the recess 21b connected. The driver 52 has a receptacle on one of the spiral compression spring end facing 52a for cooperation with the coil spring. This recording 52a includes a pin-like end 52b to which a stop 52c borders. The cone-like end 52b has an outer dimension which is smaller than an inner dimension of the helical compression spring, so that the helical compression spring on the pin-like end 52b is movable or manageable. Alternatively, a press fit between the end 52b and the compression coil spring provided. An attack 52c has a larger outer dimension than the inner dimension of the compression coil spring, so that a movement of the compression coil spring over the stop 52c is prevented. Moves the driver 52 with the coil spring in the direction of the end plate 21 , so the coil spring between the bearing plate 21 and the stop 52c compresses and thus dampens a movement of the driver 52 towards the end shield 21 , This is the kinetic energy of the driver 52 stored in the helical compression spring and in an oppositely directed movement of the driver 52 released. Similarly, the embodiments according to the 5 to 8th , wherein the embodiments substantially by the execution of the damping element 30 differ.

5 shows in a sectional cross-sectional view a schematic representation of another embodiment of the starter 10 with the relay 13 with the damping element 30 , The damping element 30 to 5 comprises two damping bodies 31 , A first damping body 31b is like in 4 designed as a spiral compression spring. A second damping body 31d is designed as a rubber plug. The rubber drop is on the wall in the recess 21b of the end shield 21 arranged. The helical compression spring is attached to a pin-like end of the rubber drop on this. Although cooperating with the coil spring spring end of the driver 52 as in 4 could be trained is in 5 another embodiment shown. According to 5 is the pin-like end of the driver 52 omitted. Instead, it acts at the end of the driver 52 trained stop 52c directly with the spiral compression spring together.

6 shows in a sectional cross-sectional view a schematic representation of another embodiment of the Starting device 10 with the relay 13 with damping element 30 , In the 6 illustrated embodiment substantially corresponds to the embodiment according to 5 , with the difference that the damping element 30 only as the second damping body 31d trained damping body 31 , That includes the rubber drop, and the coil spring is not provided. Corresponding is the stop 52c of the driver 52 with a smaller external dimension than in 5 provided, as this material can be saved.

7a - 7e show in different, partially sectional views and in different details a schematic representation of another embodiment of the starter 10 with the relay 13 with the damping element 30 , In the embodiment according to 7a - 7e is about the trained as a rubber drop first damping body 31d a second damping body, more specifically a composite body 31c arranged. The composite body 31c is made as a sleeve-like component of a rigid material, preferably steel. Centrally, the sleeve-like component has a passage through which the pin-like end of the rubber drop protrudes beyond the surface of the sleeve-like component. The remaining part of the rubber drop is enveloped by the sleeve-like component or lies on the bearing plate 21 at.

8a - 8e show in different, partially sectional views and in different details a schematic representation of another embodiment of the starter 10 with the relay 13 with the damping element 30 , In this embodiment, the first damping body 31d the two-part, designed as a composite element damping element 30 designed as a dumbbell-shaped rubber element or elastomer. This is in a form of a ring-shaped metal body composite body 31c inserted so that the two ends protrude over the ring. The ring and the elastomer are integrally formed with each other, for example, by the elastomer is injected into the ring.

9a - 9f show in different, partially sectional views and in different details a schematic representation of another embodiment of the starter 10 with the relay 13 with the damping element 30 , In this embodiment, the damping element 30 at the anchor 51 arranged. For this purpose, the anchor has a groove 51a on in the one Anformung 30a of the damping element 30 is used. The damping element 30 is as a circular ring 31a trained and sits on a bearing plate 21 facing end of the anchor 51 , The circular ring protrudes 31a over the anchor 51 towards the end shield 21 so it does not close flush with the bearing side of the anchor side 51 from. The outstanding part of the annulus 31a is highlighted. This highlighted area corresponds essentially to the spring travel, the elastic circular ring 31a applies to a collision of bearing shield 21 and anchor 51 to avoid.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2011/039349 A2 [0007]

Claims (11)

Relay ( 13 ), in particular a relay ( 13 ) for a starter ( 10 ) for starting an internal combustion engine, comprising one in a housing ( 20 ) arranged lifting magnet ( 40 ) and at least one with the lifting magnet ( 40 ) cooperating damping element ( 30 ), which is used to damp a movement stop of an anchor unit ( 50 ) of the lifting magnet ( 40 ) Is used, characterized in that the damping element ( 30 ) in an area of a drive bearing of the relay ( 13 ) between housing ( 20 ) and anchor unit ( 50 ) is arranged. Relay ( 13 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping element ( 30 ) on the housing ( 20 ) and / or at the anchor unit ( 50 ) is arranged. Relay ( 13 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the damping element ( 30 ) on a drive-side end shield ( 21 ) of the relay ( 13 ) adjacent to the lifting magnet ( 40 ) is attached. Relay ( 13 ) according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the damping element ( 30 ) at a drive-side end of the anchor unit ( 50 ) of the lifting magnet ( 40 ) adjacent to the housing ( 20 ), in particular adjacent to the end shield ( 21 ) is appropriate. Relay ( 13 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the damping element ( 30 ) at least one elastic damping body ( 31 ). Relay ( 13 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the damping body ( 31 ) as a spring-storage unit ( 31b ), in particular as a helical compression spring is formed. Relay ( 13 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the damping body ( 31 ) as an elastic rubber element ( 31a . 31d ) is trained. Relay ( 13 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the damping element ( 30 ) as a composite element with at least one damping body ( 31 ) and at least one rigid composite body ( 31c ) is trained. Relay according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the damping element ( 30 ) at least partially integrated with the end shield ( 21 ) and / or the anchor unit ( 50 ) is trained. Starting device ( 10 ), in particular a starter, for starting an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one relay ( 13 ) for switching and / or engaging an engagement device, characterized in that the relay ( 13 ) as a relay ( 13 ) is designed according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9. Starting device ( 10 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the starting device ( 10 ) an engagement relay ( 13 ) and a switching relay comprises, and that at least one of the two relays is designed as a relay according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9.

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