EP2655862A2

EP2655862A2 - Noise optimized starter device

Info

Publication number: EP2655862A2
Application number: EP11794125.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Mathias Fein; Bernd Reinholtz; Lothar Schwarze; Lutz Schroeder
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2010-12-20
Filing date: 2011-12-07
Publication date: 2013-10-30
Also published as: WO2012084512A2; DE102010063507A1; WO2012084512A3; CN103384762A

Abstract

The invention relates to a starter device (10), in particular for starting internal combustion engines, with a starter pinion (22) which is engaged in a ring gear (25) of an internal combustion engine. The starter pinion (22) has an end side (210) which is either provided with a damping layer (212) or comprises a damping element (208) which lies opposite a retaining ring (202).

Description

description

title

Noise-optimized starter device prior art

For starting internal combustion engines drives are used, which are fed with a separate from the fuel supply power supply. Most DC motors are used for this purpose, the drive pinion is first engaged in the ring gear of the internal combustion engine to then turn the engine at startup. This happens, for example, by means of starter devices which operate according to the thrust-drive principle. After the end of the starting process, the pinion moves back out of the ring gear of the internal combustion engine. Starter devices for

Internal combustion engines are known, for example, from WO 03/072936 A1, DE 689 494, DE 601 391, DE 620 269, FR 2 826 695 and US 3,690,188.

The increasing use of start-stop systems in motor vehicles requires an extended requirement for the starting system and thus also a functionality for

Extension of previously used starter devices. Here are, for example, sharper acoustic requirements to call and the need to start at a

At any time drivers can start again to 'Mind Change' functionality. In particular, when the internal combustion engine runs out, this is not possible with the classic principle of the starters used so far. By a suitable control of the engagement mechanism and the electric drive of the starter device it can be enabled, already during the

Expiring the internal combustion engine in the ring gear, so that the above-mentioned functionality (Mind Change) is met. DE 101 24 506 A1 relates to a starter for a motor vehicle. The starter comprises a drive bearing, a parallel arranged, a magnetic switch containing engagement relay, a rotatably mounted in a transition region between the drive bearing and engagement relay engagement lever for the coupling of the starter motor to the

Internal combustion engine. It can be a seal against intrusion

Impurities and moisture may be provided in the engagement relay, especially in off-road vehicles, depending on the permissible wading depth. The seal is formed by a rubber membrane connected to the housing within the transition region between the drive bearing and the engagement relay.

DE 10 2009 026 593.7 relates to a method for the mechanical synchronization of two rotating, off-axis spur gears and on one machine,

in particular an electric starter device. In a push-screw starter, the Einspurweg from the push and the screw together. At the

Pressing the start or ignition start switch, the relay armature is pulled against the force of a return spring. It is loosely coupled with an engagement lever. This pushes by means of guide ring and Einspurfeder the freewheel against the sprocket of the jump wheel of the internal combustion engine. The armature of the starter motor does not turn in this phase, because the main current is not yet switched. Meets now

Pinion gear directly into a tooth gap of the ring gear of the internal combustion engine, so spins the starter pinion as far as the movement of the relay acts. Then the end of this section of the Einrückweges is reached. After reaching the end of the thrust path closes during the Einrückweges a screw. Under Schraubweg the distance is understood, which is to be covered between the end of the thrust stroke and an axial movement of the freewheel up to a stop ring, and which is caused by the action of a coarse thread. Through this portion of the engagement path, i. the screw, a secure utilization of the sprocket width is achieved. The steep thread of the starter device causes only after complete meshing of the Andrehritzels torque can be transmitted to this starting internal combustion engine.

From EP 0 702 152 A1 a starter for internal combustion engines is known, in which an annular body, which is made of nylon for example, sits on the output shaft of the starter. The ring made as a plastic body is one made of PR6.6 or PR6, showing self-damping. While previously used starter devices on motor vehicles undergo approximately 40000 starting operations and the corresponding operating cycles, in today's start-stop modes (SSM functionality) there is a requirement for saving fuel during longer wait phases, for example closed level crossings, with longer red phases or in a traffic jam and the like, the internal combustion engine can be switched off. This is increasingly possible in today's motor vehicles by the SSM functionality. This means for starting the

Internal combustion engines previously used starter devices increased

Actuation frequency, so that they must be designed to ensure up to half a million and more starting operations of the internal combustion engine. On the one hand, this places high demands on the service life and the reliability of the

On the other hand, with such a high number of switching operations, the requirement of minimizing the noise. It has been found that the starter device represents a significant source of noise, which is no longer tolerated in their use in passenger vehicles of the upper classes by the motor vehicle manufacturer, so that remedy is to create.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Following the proposed solution according to the invention it is proposed, instead of using additional individual parts, such as plastic elements, retaining rings, springs and the like, for damping the noise on a starter device and for reducing the wear occurring components with a

Coat damping layer. For this purpose, in particular plastic materials, such as Vulkollan and polyurethane and rubber are suitable. The damping layer proposed according to the invention can also be constructed of elastic properties of iron and non-metal layers. Furthermore, spring plates are suitable, which operate under the forces acting in the elastic region. By the proposed solution according to the invention, the noise can be at a

Starter device when striking the Andrehritzels on a retaining ring on the

Output shaft, which is a metallic contact, reduce by the inventively proposed damping layer. In the solution proposed according to the invention, in comparison to solutions which are known from the prior art, only an adaptation to the starter pinion by a recess is necessary. At the starter pinion will only made the recess, so that - optionally supported with the aid of a retaining plate - a damping element in ring form in the corresponding recess, optionally supported by the retaining plate, to which a retaining ring

for example, can be attached. The starter pinion can be delivered as a unit to the damping element when using the proposed solution according to the invention or

be supplied so that there is no effect on existing production lines. In the solution proposed according to the invention, the damping element is installed directly on the starting pinion, in particular on its end face. The previously attributed to the retaining ring damping effect of the proposed solution according to the invention now integrated into the starter pinion on which the retaining ring by means of

optionally supported by a retaining plate supported damping element.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION The damping layer proposed according to the invention drastically reduces the otherwise occurring impact noise of the engaging toothed sprocket on the stop ring, since the impact speed of the sprocket on the stop ring is considerably reduced and, in particular, a hard intermetallic contact is avoided. The energy dissipation of the on-coming and off-set, i. the Andrehritzels to be moved with a high impulse to the stop ring takes place shortly before reaching the engagement position. The

According to the invention proposed damping layer may in particular be applied over the entire surface along the sprocket assigning end face of the Andrehritzels.

In an alternative embodiment, it is possible to provide the starter pinion as described above, with a recess, so that in this recess a ring-shaped damping element can optionally be inserted using a holding plate, on which in turn the retaining ring is attached.

Brief description of the drawings

With reference to the drawings, the invention will be described in more detail below.

It shows: 1 shows a longitudinal section through a starter device for

Internal combustion engines,

Figure 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention proposed

attenuator

FIG. 3 shows the damping device according to FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale,

FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the proposed invention

Damping device and

Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of the invention proposed

Damping device. Embodiments of the invention

FIG. 1 shows a starter device 10 in a longitudinal section.

The starter device 10 has, for example, a starter motor 13 and a

Vorspuraktuator 16, such as a relay in the form of a starter relay on. The starter motor 13 and the electric Vorspuraktuator 16 are fixed to a common drive end plate 19. The starter motor 13 is functionally to drive a starter pinion 22 when it is in the ring gear 25 of the not shown here

Internal combustion engine is eingespurt.

The starter motor 13 has a pole tube as a housing 28, which carries on its inner circumference pole pieces 31, which are each wrapped by a field winding 34. Instead of the pole pieces 31, which are provided for electromagnetic excitation with a field winding 34, also permanently magnetically excited poles could be used.

The pole shoes 31 and the permanent magnets 31 in turn surround an armature 37, which has an armature packet 43 constructed from fins 40 and a groove 46

Armature winding 49 has. The armature package 43 is pressed onto a drive shaft 44. At the end of the drive shaft 13 facing away from the starter pinion 22, a commutator 52 is further attached, which among other things consists of individual commutator lamellae 55 is constructed. The commutator bars 55 are so electrically connected in a known manner with the armature winding 49, that upon energization of the commutator fins 55 by carbon brushes 58, a rotational movement of the armature 37 in the pole tube 28 results. A arranged between the electric drive 16 and the starter motor 13 power supply 61 supplied in the on state, both the carbon brushes 58 and the field winding 34 with power. Drive shaft 13 is commutator side supported with a shaft journal 64 in a sliding bearing 67, which in turn is held stationary with a Kommutatorlagerdeckel 70. The commutator bearing cap 70 in turn is fastened by means of tie rods 73, which are arranged distributed over the circumference of the pole tube 28, so for example screws, for example 2, 3 or 4 pieces, in the drive end plate 19. It supports the pole tube 28 on the drive bearing plate 19 and the Kommutatorlagerdeckel 70 on the pole tube 28th

Viewed in the drive direction connects to the armature 37, a sun gear 80, which is part of a planetary gear, such as a planetary gear 83, is. The sun gear 80 is surrounded by a plurality of planetary gears 86, usually three planet wheels 86, which are supported by means of rolling bearings 89 on journals 92. The planet gears 86 roll within a ring gear 95, which is mounted outside in the pole tube 28. Towards the output side, the planet wheels 86 are adjoined by a planet carrier 98, in which the axle journals 92 are accommodated. The planet carrier 98 is in turn stored in an intermediate bearing 101 and a slide bearing 104 arranged thereon. The intermediate storage 101 is designed pot-shaped, that in this both the

Planet carrier 98 and the planet wheels 86 are added. Furthermore, the ring gear 95 is arranged in the cup-shaped intermediate bearing 101, which is ultimately closed by a cover 107 relative to the armature 37. Also, the intermediate bearing 101 is supported with its outer circumference on the inside of the pole tube 28. The armature 37 has on the end remote from the commutator 52 end of the drive shaft 13 another

Shaft 1 10 on, which is also included in a sliding bearing 113. The

Slide bearing 113 in turn is in a central bore of the planet carrier 98th

added. The planet carrier 98 is integrally connected to the output shaft 1 16. The output shaft 116 is supported with its end 119 remote from the intermediate bearing 101 in a further bearing 122, which is fixed in the drive end plate 19.

The output shaft 1 16 is divided into several sections, so follows the section which is arranged in the sliding bearing 104 of the intermediate bearing 101, a section with a

Spur gear 125 (internal toothing), which is part of a shaft-hub connection 128. The shaft-hub connection 128 in this case allows the axially rectilinear sliding of a driver 131. This driver 131 is a sleeve-like extension which is integrally connected to a cup-shaped outer ring 132 of the freewheel 137. The freewheel 137 (Richtgesperre) further consists of an inner ring 140 which is disposed radially within an outer ring 132. Between the inner ring 140 and the outer ring 132 clamping body 138 are arranged. The clamp bodies 138, in cooperation with the inner and outer rings 132, 140, prevent relative rotation between the outer ring 132 and the inner ring 140 in a second direction. In other words, the freewheel 137 allows a circumferential relative movement between the inner ring 140 and the

Outer ring 132 only in one direction. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the inner ring 140 is integral with the starter pinion 122 and its helical toothing 142

(External helical teeth) executed. The starter pinion 22 may alternatively be designed as a straight toothed pinion. Instead of electromagnetically excited pole pieces 31 with exciter winding 34 and permanent magnetically excited poles could be used.

The electric Vorspuraktuator 16 and a linearly movable armature 138 also have the task, with a tension member 187 to move in the drive bearing plate 19 rotatably arranged lever 190 to move. The lever 190, which is usually designed as a fork lever, engages with two tines, not shown here, two discs 193, 194 on its outer periphery to move a trapped between these driver ring 197 to the freewheel 137 back against the Wderstand of the spring 200 and thereby the starter pinion 22 einzuspuren in the ring gear 25 of the internal combustion engine.

Subsequently, the Einspurmechanismus will be discussed. The electric

Vorspuraktuator 16 has a bolt 150 which constitutes an electrical contact and in the case of Einbausein in the vehicle at the positive terminal of an electric starter battery, which is not shown here, is connected. The bolt 150 is passed through a lid 153. A second bolt 152 provides a connection for the electrical

Starter motor 13, which is powered by the power supply 61 (thick wire). The lid 153 includes a housing 156 made of steel, which by means of several fasteners

159, which may be, for example, screws, is attached to the drive end plate 19. In the electric Vorspuraktuator 16, a pusher 160 for exerting a tensile force on the fork lever 190 and a switching device 161 is arranged. The thrust device 160 comprises a winding 162, the switching device 161 another Wcklung 165. The winding 162 of the thruster 160 and the other Winding 165 of the switching device 161 each cause in the on state an electromagnetic field which flows through various components. The shaft-hub connection 128 can instead of a spur 125 also with a

Steep thread toothing be equipped.

The combinations are possible, according to which a) the starter pinion 22 is helically toothed and the shaft-hub connection 128 has a straight toothing 125, or b) the starter pinion 22 is helically toothed and the shaft-hub connection 128 is a helical gear

Or c) the starter pinion 22 is made straight teeth and the shaft-hub connection 128 has a helical spline toothing.

The illustration according to FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of the damping proposed according to the invention. As can be seen from the illustration according to FIG. 2, the starting pinion 22 has, on its outer circumference, a number of individual teeth 214 which constitute a straight toothing 125. An end face of the driving sprocket 22 is identified by reference numeral 210. On the end face 210 of the Andrehritzels 22 according to the first embodiment, a recess 204 is executed. In the recess is an annular trained

Damping element 208 embedded, which in turn is limited in the form of a cage by a holding element 206, such as a holding plate, the end face. The

Holding element 206 comprises a first ring part 216 and a second ring part 218. The first ring part 216 is supported on the bottom of the recess 204 of the Andrehritzels 22 and abuts against the end face of the annular damping element 208. The second ring part 218 is located between the ring-shaped damping element 208 and an end face of a retaining ring 202, which consists of an elastic properties

made of material, which prevents a hard metallic contact between the end face 210 of the made of metal Andrehritzels 22 and a stop ring on the output shaft 1 16 of the starter device 10.

The assembly of damping element 208 and retaining element 206 can be prefabricated, so vulcanized, for example. At the starter pinion 22 only the recess 204 provided for receiving the retaining element 206 and the damping element 208 is to be executed, so that the assembly of retaining element 206 and damping element 208 mounted on the starter pinion 22, so for example can be pressed into this, without Production lines have to be affected or changed. To the assembly of damping element 208 and retaining element 206 of the retaining ring 202 is employed, which in turn is mounted on the output shaft 16. As can be seen from the illustration according to FIG. 2, the damping element 208 is annular. The end faces of the annular damping element 208 are surrounded by the ring members 216 and 218 of the holding element 206, but it can also, comparative illustration of Figure 4, only one end face of the annular damping element 208 of only one ring portion 216 of

Holding element 206 to be enclosed. In both variants, the annular damping element 208 is made, for example, from a rubber layer which is vulcanizable. The Shore hardness of this rubber layer is calculated according to the starting device 10 or determined experimentally and is for example in the

Order of magnitude of 70 +/- 5 shore. The two ring parts 216 and 218 of the two-part holding element according to FIG. 3 and one ring part 216 of the integrally formed holding element 206 are made of sheet steel, for example, which is phosphatable, so that the vulcanization process is possible with respect to the joining with the ring-shaped damping element 208. The phosphatability of the material from which the holding element 206 or its ring parts 216, 218 is manufactured is a basic prerequisite for the liability of a rubber component.

The illustration according to FIG. 3 shows the damping element shown in the installed state in FIG. 2 in its first embodiment variant with a holding element 206 formed in two parts. As can be seen from the illustration according to FIG. 3, the ring parts 216 and 218 enclose the end faces of the part

Damping element 208 covering the edge region in the circumferential direction.

The illustration according to FIG. 4 is a further second one

Embodiment of the inventively proposed damping element, on which only one end face or an edge region seen in the circumferential direction of

Ring part 216, the integrally formed holder elements 206 is enclosed.

The illustration according to FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the solution proposed according to the invention. As shown in Figure 5, the starting pinion 22 of the starter device 10 is located on the output shaft 116 of the starter device 10. The end face 210 of the Andrehritzels 22, on the outer circumference of individual teeth 214 are provided which represent a straight teeth 125, a damping layer 212 is applied over the entire surface. The layer 212 may be made of materials such as Vulkollan®, polyurethane or even rubber. It covers the end face 210 of the Andrehritzels 22 over the entire surface. As a result, a hard metallic contact between the end face 210 of the Andritzitzels 22nd

opposite side of a stop ring, which is applied stationary on the output shaft 1 16, avoided. As a result, the noise of the inventively proposed starter device 10 when engaging the Andrehritzels 22 in the indicated in Figure 1 sprocket 25 of the internal combustion engine is reduced.

Claims

Starter device (10), in particular for starting internal combustion engines with a starter pinion (22), which in a sprocket (25) of a

Internal combustion engine is eingespurt, characterized in that the starter pinion (22) has an end face (210), the

- Is coated with either a damping layer (212) or

- In which a damping element (208) is embedded, which is opposite to a retaining ring (202).

Starter device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Damping layer (212) is made of Vulkollan®, polyurethane or rubber.

Starter device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping element (208) in a recess (204) of the Andrehritzels (22) is embedded.

Starter device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping element (208) by a holding element (206) is enclosed.

Starter device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that a first ring part (216) of the holding element (206) at the recess (204) of the

Andrhritzels (22) is supported.

Starter device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that a second ring part (218) of the holding element (206) supports the retaining ring (202).

Starter device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the damping element (208) is designed annular and the end face of the first ring member (216) and the second ring member (218) is limited. Starter device (10) according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that at least one of the ring parts (216), (218) the damping element (208) in

Enclosing the edge region of its lateral surface.

Starter device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping element (208) is annular.