DE102011056844A1 - Hinge for front hood of motor vehicle, has blocking surface is provided on coupling element, which cooperates with corresponding surface at another closing element, where locking hook is displaced against biasing force of actuator - Google Patents
Hinge for front hood of motor vehicle, has blocking surface is provided on coupling element, which cooperates with corresponding surface at another closing element, where locking hook is displaced against biasing force of actuator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102011056844A1 DE102011056844A1 DE102011056844A DE102011056844A DE102011056844A1 DE 102011056844 A1 DE102011056844 A1 DE 102011056844A1 DE 102011056844 A DE102011056844 A DE 102011056844A DE 102011056844 A DE102011056844 A DE 102011056844A DE 102011056844 A1 DE102011056844 A1 DE 102011056844A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- hinge
- hood
- closing element
- coupling part
- blocking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/34—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians
- B60R21/38—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians using means for lifting bonnets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
- E05D2011/009—Impact absorbing hinges for vehicle doors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/536—Hoods
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Scharnier für eine Fronthaube eines Kraftfahrzeugs gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. The invention relates to a hinge for a front hood of a motor vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Aus dem Serienfahrzeugbau ist es bekannt, sogenannte aktive Scharniere für eine Fronthaube eines Kraftfahrzeugs vorzusehen, die einerseits zum Öffnen der Fronthaube für den Servicefall ausgelegt sind und andererseits eine Anstellung der Fronthaube im Falle eines Fußgängeranpralls ermöglichen. Hierfür sind für verschiedene Scharniertypen ganz unterschiedliche Konstruktionen entwickelt worden. From the production of standard vehicles, it is known to provide so-called active hinges for a front hood of a motor vehicle, which are designed on the one hand for opening the front cover for servicing and on the other hand allow employment of the front cover in the event of a pedestrian impact. For this purpose, very different constructions have been developed for different hinge types.
So ist beispielsweise für ein sogenanntes Viergelenkscharnier in der
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung ein Scharnier derart weiterzuentwickeln, dass unter Beibehaltung der Funktionalität der Herstellungsaufwand reduziert wird. It is an object of the invention to further develop a hinge such that while maintaining the functionality of the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. The object is achieved with the features of claim 1.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der nachgeordneten Ansprüche. Advantageous embodiments result from the features of the subordinate claims.
Der Kern der Erfindung liegt darin, dass der im Stand der Technik notwendige Bolzen eingespart wird und stattdessen durch Schließelemente ersetzt wird, die vorzugsweise angeformt sind. Dass hat den Vorteil, dass Montageaufwand reduziert werden kann. Da Haubenteil und Koppelteil als Blechteile ausgebildet sind, können die Schließelemente lediglich durch Stanzen und Biegen hergestellt werden. Erfindungsgemäß umfasst das Scharnier ein haubenseitig befestigtes Scharnieroberteil und ein karosserieseitig befestigtes Scharnierunterteil, wobei das Scharnieroberteil und das Scharnierunterteil gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind. Das Scharnieroberteil setzt sich aus einem Haubenteil zur Festlegung an der Fronthaube und einem Koppelteil zur gelenkigen Verbindung mit dem Scharnierunterteil zusammen. Im normalen Betriebszustand des Kraftfahrzeugs, also zum Beispiel bei der Fahrt, im Stillstand und auch bei Öffnen und Schließen der Fronthaube zu Servicezwecken ist das Haubenteil gegenüber dem Koppelteil über ein Verriegelungselement verriegelt. Das Verriegelungselement steht dabei mit seiner Haltefläche mit einer korrespondierenden Fläche eines Schließelements in Eingriff. Im Falle eines Fußgängeraufpralls wird das Verriegelungselement vorzugsweise über einen Aktuator entriegelt, d.h. die beiden genannten Flächen sind dann nicht mehr im Eingriff miteinander. Gleichzeitig ist im Unterschied zum Stand der Technik wirkt eine Sperrfläche am Koppelteil mit einer korrespondierenden Fläche an einem zweiten Schließelement zusammen. Durch die räumliche Trennung von Haltefläche und Sperrfläche können beide in einfacher Weise am Haubenteil bzw. am Koppelteil angeformt sein. The essence of the invention is that the bolt required in the prior art is saved and instead is replaced by closing elements, which are preferably formed. This has the advantage that assembly costs can be reduced. Since hood part and coupling part are formed as sheet metal parts, the closing elements can be made only by punching and bending. According to the invention, the hinge comprises a hood-mounted upper hinge part and a body-side fixed hinge base, wherein the hinge upper part and the lower hinge part are hinged together. The hinge upper part is composed of a hood part for attachment to the front hood and a coupling part for articulated connection with the lower hinge part. In the normal operating state of the motor vehicle, so for example when driving, at a standstill and also when opening and closing the bonnet for service purposes, the hood part is locked relative to the coupling part via a locking element. The locking element is engaged with its holding surface with a corresponding surface of a closing element in engagement. In the event of a pedestrian impact, the locking element is preferably unlocked via an actuator, i. the two surfaces mentioned are then no longer in engagement with each other. At the same time, in contrast to the prior art, a blocking surface on the coupling part cooperates with a corresponding surface on a second closing element. Due to the spatial separation of the holding surface and locking surface both can be integrally formed on the hood part or on the coupling part in a simple manner.
Für die Ausbildung eines Viergelenkscharniers kann die gelenkige Verbindung zwischen dem Scharnierunterteil und dem Scharnieroberteil durch einen vorderen Lenker und einen hinteren Lenker gebildet sein, wobei die beiden Lenker jeweils mit einem Ende am Koppelteil angelenkt sind. For the formation of a four-bar hinge, the articulated connection between the lower hinge part and the hinge upper part may be formed by a front link and a rear link, wherein the two links are articulated in each case with one end on the coupling part.
Für eine vereinfachte Herstellung kann das erste Schließelement durch Ausstanzen eines Segments im Haubenteil gebildet sein. Die zur Haltefläche korrespondierenden Fläche kann dann durch Umbiegen eines Flansches hergestellt werden, der einen Randbereich des Segments bildet. For a simplified production, the first closing element may be formed by punching out a segment in the hood part. The surface corresponding to the holding surface can then be produced by bending over a flange which forms an edge region of the segment.
In ähnlicher Weise kann das zweite Schließelement durch Ausstanzen eines Ausschnitts im Haubenteil gebildet sein. Anschließend wird die zur Sperrfläche korrespondierende Fläche des Schließelements durch Umbiegen eines Flansches gebildet. Similarly, the second closing element may be formed by punching a cutout in the hood part. Subsequently, the surface corresponding to the blocking surface of the closing element is formed by bending over a flange.
Für den Spielausgleich kann ein Puffer zwischen der Sperrfläche des Koppelteils und der korrespondierenden Fläche des Schließelements angeordnet sein. Dieser Puffer kann wahlweise an der Sperrfläche oder an der korrespondierenden Fläche befestigt sein. For the clearance compensation, a buffer between the blocking surface of the coupling part and the corresponding surface of the closing element can be arranged. This buffer may optionally be attached to the blocking surface or to the corresponding surface.
Vorzugsweise kann die Sperrfläche durch Umbiegen eines Abschnitts des Koppelteils gebildet werden. Preferably, the blocking surface can be formed by bending over a portion of the coupling part.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen werden im folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen: Advantageous embodiments will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Die
Das Scharnier
Das Scharnieroberteil
Am Koppelteil
Am Koppelteil
Der Verriegelungshaken
In
Ergänzend sei noch auf
Im folgenden wird nun auf die zweite Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Scharniers gemäß der
Im Unterschied zur ersten Ausführungsform ist beim Scharnier
In
Zusätzlich ist beim Scharnier der zweiten Ausführungsform am Haubenteil
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102009041418 [0003] DE 102009041418 [0003]
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011056844.1A DE102011056844B4 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Four-bar integrated pedestrian protection |
CN201210555225.4A CN103174353B (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2012-12-19 | Be incorporated into the pedestrian protection in four linkages |
BRBR102012032521-7A BR102012032521A2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2012-12-19 | Integrated pedestrian protection with four joints |
RU2012155158/12A RU2520889C1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2012-12-20 | Bonnet hinge with pedestrian protection function |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011056844.1A DE102011056844B4 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Four-bar integrated pedestrian protection |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102011056844A1 true DE102011056844A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
DE102011056844B4 DE102011056844B4 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
Family
ID=48575159
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011056844.1A Active DE102011056844B4 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2011-12-22 | Four-bar integrated pedestrian protection |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN103174353B (en) |
BR (1) | BR102012032521A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011056844B4 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2520889C1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016134929A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with lifting means |
DE102015203516A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device for a front flap of a motor vehicle with an impact protection device |
DE102015007336A1 (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vehicle hinge and method for lifting a vehicle hood in an accident situation |
DE102015120287A1 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2017-05-24 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with integrated pedestrian protection for a front hood |
DE102016103198A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-24 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Device for adjusting a front-side vehicle hood in a frontal collision of a person |
DE102016113684A1 (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2018-01-25 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with integrated pedestrian protection for a front hood |
DE102017116150B3 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-12-27 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge assembly for hiring a front cover of a motor vehicle in an impact of a road user |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104832020A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-08-12 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Automotive hood hinge |
CN108001404A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-08 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Pedestrian bumping protection device and there is its vehicle |
US10100565B2 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-10-16 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Active hood hinge with upstop |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102007055915A1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota | Device for opening a hood for a vehicle |
DE102009040413A1 (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Safety mechanism for lifting e.g. front flap of outer shell of vehicle during person collision, has hinge for guidance of component, and coupling arranged between upper hinge upper part and lower hinge upper part by connecting device |
DE102009041418A1 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2011-04-07 | BÖCO Böddecker & Co. GmbH & Co. KG | Hinge e.g. two joint hinge, for lifting front opening hood of passenger car, during accident situation, has holding surface provided from locking element pivotably mounted at section of hinge upper part |
EP2351671A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2011-08-03 | ISE Automotive GmbH | Hinge mechanism for connection of a vehicle bonnet to the vehicle |
DE102010029719A1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge for front hood of motor vehicle, comprises adjustment part and support element which is arranged at hinge part or at connecting rod |
DE102011115403A1 (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2012-05-03 | Daimler Ag | Safety device for vehicle i.e. passenger car, has cable whose end is automatically connected with vehicle body or with front flap before or during starting of transferring of front flap from closed position to lifted position |
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ATE232174T1 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2003-02-15 | Edscha Ag | FRONT HOOD ARRANGEMENT |
DE502005000869D1 (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2007-07-26 | Kirchhoff Gmbh & Co Kg | ARRANGEMENT OF A FRONT FLAP WITH ADJUSTING LEVER ON A VEHICLE |
FR2878212B1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2008-08-29 | Pyroalliance Sa | MECHANICAL ABSORPTION SYSTEMS FOR ACTIVE HOOD JOINTS |
DE102004062105B4 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2009-08-20 | Ise Automotive Gmbh | Device for protecting persons in a frontal collision with a motor vehicle by actively setting up its front hood |
DE102005022924A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Witte-Velbert Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hinge especially for front bonnet of private motor vehicle has facility whereby during lifting of bonnet the angle between link section changes in same direction as during normal opening and closing of bonnet |
DE102007033325B4 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2016-05-19 | Magna Electronics Europe Gmbh & Co.Kg | hinge |
JP4973412B2 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2012-07-11 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Automotive hood jumping apparatus and hood jumping method |
DE102008011722A1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-03 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Engine bonnet hinge for motor vehicle, has piston held at distant position by connection whose detachability absorbs kinetic energy of pedestrian caught in bonnet by braked displacement from distant position into pivoting position |
KR100969092B1 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-07-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Hidden type hood gas lifter device |
-
2011
- 2011-12-22 DE DE102011056844.1A patent/DE102011056844B4/en active Active
-
2012
- 2012-12-19 BR BRBR102012032521-7A patent/BR102012032521A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-12-19 CN CN201210555225.4A patent/CN103174353B/en active Active
- 2012-12-20 RU RU2012155158/12A patent/RU2520889C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102007055915A1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota | Device for opening a hood for a vehicle |
DE102009040413A1 (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-03-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Safety mechanism for lifting e.g. front flap of outer shell of vehicle during person collision, has hinge for guidance of component, and coupling arranged between upper hinge upper part and lower hinge upper part by connecting device |
DE102009041418A1 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2011-04-07 | BÖCO Böddecker & Co. GmbH & Co. KG | Hinge e.g. two joint hinge, for lifting front opening hood of passenger car, during accident situation, has holding surface provided from locking element pivotably mounted at section of hinge upper part |
DE102010029719A1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge for front hood of motor vehicle, comprises adjustment part and support element which is arranged at hinge part or at connecting rod |
EP2351671A1 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2011-08-03 | ISE Automotive GmbH | Hinge mechanism for connection of a vehicle bonnet to the vehicle |
DE102011115403A1 (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2012-05-03 | Daimler Ag | Safety device for vehicle i.e. passenger car, has cable whose end is automatically connected with vehicle body or with front flap before or during starting of transferring of front flap from closed position to lifted position |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015203516B4 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2019-01-17 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device for a front flap of a motor vehicle with an impact protection device |
DE102015203516A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device for a front flap of a motor vehicle with an impact protection device |
DE102015203513A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-11-03 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with lifting means |
WO2016134929A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with lifting means |
CN107257753A (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2017-10-17 | 宝马股份公司 | Hinge means with lifting mechanism |
CN107257753B (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2019-08-20 | 宝马股份公司 | Hinge means with lifting mechanism |
US10293781B2 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2019-05-21 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with lifting device |
DE102015007336A1 (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-15 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vehicle hinge and method for lifting a vehicle hood in an accident situation |
DE102015007336B4 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2023-09-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vehicle hinge for raising a vehicle hood in an accident situation |
DE102015120287A1 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2017-05-24 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with integrated pedestrian protection for a front hood |
DE102015120287B4 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2023-11-16 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with integrated pedestrian protection for a front hood |
DE102016103198B4 (en) | 2016-02-24 | 2021-08-19 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Device for adjusting a front vehicle hood in the event of a frontal collision with a person |
DE102016103198A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-24 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Device for adjusting a front-side vehicle hood in a frontal collision of a person |
US10118587B2 (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2018-11-06 | De. Ing H.C.F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge apparatus with an integrated pedestrian protection means for a front hood |
DE102016113684A1 (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2018-01-25 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with integrated pedestrian protection for a front hood |
DE102016113684B4 (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2024-05-23 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge device with an integrated pedestrian protection for a front hood |
DE102017116150B3 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2018-12-27 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Hinge assembly for hiring a front cover of a motor vehicle in an impact of a road user |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102011056844B4 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
BR102012032521A2 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
RU2520889C1 (en) | 2014-06-27 |
CN103174353A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
CN103174353B (en) | 2016-05-18 |
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