DE102011051584A1 - Apparatus for machining and/or supporting e.g. metal material used in e.g. mining industry, has bearing element that is inserted inside receptacle portion and is coaxially screw-connected to fixing element - Google Patents

Abstract

The apparatus has a roller portion that is rotatably mounted on a tool holder portion along longitudinal axis. A bearing element is arranged for supporting a cutting tool. A receptacle portion (6) is attached to the tool holder portion. The bearing element with a bore (30) is inserted inside the receptacle portion. A fixing element (12) is coaxially screw-connected to the bearing element. Several grooves (18) are formed in bearing element, corresponding to the blocking element (8). An independent claim is included for method for assembling bearing element used for supporting cutting tool.

Description

introduction

The invention relates to a device for machining and / or conveying materials, comprising a roll body rotatably mounted about a longitudinal axis, at least one tool holder, a bearing element for supporting a cutting tool and a cutting tool, wherein the tool holder has a receptacle in which the bearing element form fit is received, and the bearing element has a bore.

• a) Der mindestens eine Werkzeughalter wird mit dem Walzenkörper verbunden.
• b) Das Lagerelement und das Fixierelement werden einzeln in der Aufnahme des mindestens einen Werkzeughalters angeordnet.
• c) Das Lagerelement wird mit dem Fixierelement verschraubt.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for mounting a bearing element for supporting a cutting tool of a device for machining and / or conveying materials, comprising a rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis roller body, at least one receptacle having a tool holder, the bearing member having a bore, a fixing element and at least one cutting tool, comprising the following method steps:

• a) The at least one tool holder is connected to the roller body.
• b) The bearing element and the fixing element are arranged individually in the receptacle of the at least one tool holder.
• c) The bearing element is screwed to the fixing element.

Devices of the type described above are well known and are used for example in the removal of surfaces, especially road surfaces, as well as in the field of mining but also in the recycling of materials of various kinds (metals, rock, plastic, etc.).

State of the art

For example, the DE 10 2008 010 609 A1 shows a chisel-bit holder assembly in which a bit is stored in a bit holder, wherein the bit holder is in turn insertable into a base holder. While the basic holder can be understood as a tool holder in the sense of the device of the type described above, the bit holder is conceivable as a bearing element according to the device described above. The bit, which during a Zerpanungsbetriebs with the material to be machined engaged, can also be understood as a cutting tool in the sense of the above-mentioned device.

In the device shown in the published patent application, the bit is - as is common practice - introduced into a bore of the bit holder and fixed there, for example by means of a clamping sleeve. The basic principle of the arrangement of a cutting tool (in the case of the cited document: the chisel) on an associated milling device and the formation of the cutting tool in the form of a so-called round shank bit rotating about its longitudinal axis has been part of the technical standard for quite some time and is used in innumerable cases. Due to the particularly strong forces during milling operation all components of the device described above are exposed to considerable wear. This of course applies in particular to the cutting tool, especially the part of the same which is most directly affected, which is brought directly into engagement with the material to be machined (for example a chisel). Due to the high mechanical stresses, the associated relatively short operating times of the cutting tools are generally accepted.

Most different developments are therefore concerned above all with the problem of low durability of the parts of the device that do not come into contact with the material to be processed. Many innovations have already been able to bring about improvements, but current devices still do not adequately counteract the problem of high wear on the bearing element, which merely serves to hold or receive the cutting tool. Classic wear and tear results, for example, in that high lateral forces transmitted by the cutting tool to the bearing element lead to a deflection of the initially cylindrical receptacle of the bearing element, so that it loses its essentially circular cross-section, in particular in an upper section, which becomes increasingly elliptical. This significantly affects the storage of the cutting tool therein and prevents, for example, a reliable rotation of the cutting tool (for example in the form of a round shank chisel) about its longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the cutting performance of the cutting tool decreases because the alignment thereof is lost in the form of an optimum rake angle between the associated cutting element and the material to be machined. Also, the large and pulsating axial forces transmitted via the bit head to the bearing element in connection with the bit rotation and abrasive components of the milled material ("emery particles") lead to wear of the tool holder in terms of material removal in the axial direction, which in turn reduces the stability of the bearing. As a result of this wear of the bearing element a relatively frequent replacement of the same is necessary. This is undesirable for several reasons:
On the one hand, the bearing element is often relatively massive and large components (see chisel holder according to DE 10 2008 010 609 A1 ), the each cause considerable unit costs. On the other hand, according to the prior art, the replacement of such a bearing element is often very complicated, since they are usually welded to an associated tool holder, for example a base holder, and must be loosened by means of a cutting torch and rewelded later, so that next to high Material costs also high labor costs and downtime in the course of a replacement of the bearing element are complaining.

The utility model DE 296 23 215 U1 meets the problem of the deflecting bearing element ("bit holder", cf. DE 296 23 215 U1 ) by the use of a support element. This is placed in a region between the cutting tool and the bore of the bearing element, so that sudden loads resulting from the milling operation, not directly discharged from the cutting tool on the bearing element, but are intercepted by the support member. A disadvantage, however, is to assess that the support element shown is either sunk with a conical plug insert in a likewise conically tailored blind hole and wedged there or is attached by means of a solder or weld connection to the bearing element. Both mounting variants cause the support element either not at all or only with considerable effort can be removed again, for example, when the support element itself is severely worn and can no longer fulfill a protective function against the change holder.

task

The invention is therefore based on the object weiterbeientwickeln a device of the type described above, that the bearing element, which is provided for a support of the cutting material engaged with the cutting tool, much easier disassembled and can be replaced, as in the state of Technology is possible.

solution

The object of the present invention is achieved based on a device of the type described above according to the invention by a fixing element which is connected by means of a screw in a force-transmitting manner with the bearing element, wherein the fixing element is arranged coaxially to the bearing element.

The bearing element is a typically sleeve-shaped insert which is inserted into the receptacle of the tool holder and acts as a kind of buffer element between the cutting tool and the tool holder and thus considerably reduces its wear. By means of said fixing this bearing element in a particularly simple manner and the tool holder can be fixed, so that any necessary replacement of the bearing element can be carried out particularly quickly. Due to the screwing of the fixing element with the bearing element welding of bearing element and tool holder is no longer necessary to hold the bearing element in place. If, during a milling operation, it is now determined that the bearing element is worn and consequently knocked out, the fixing element can be released from the bearing element by means of a rotational movement and the latter subsequently removed and replaced by a new bearing element. Conversely, the method of mounting the screw also offers the possibility to apply a certain clamping force on the bearing element, that is to clamp this against the tool holder. Thus, for example, by providing a so-called "fine thread", which has a particularly low pitch, even by the application of relatively low, for the purpose of screwing fixation and bearing element applied torques a considerable force coaxially to the bearing element and the fixing element are generated.

In this case, the bearing element typically used here is many times smaller and more manageable in comparison to such a prior art. Replacement of the bearing element therefore, based on the fixing element according to the invention, not only brings about a considerably shorter downtime compared with the prior art, but also significantly reduces material costs.

Particularly advantageous is such a device whose fixing element has a male thread in a threaded portion, which can be brought into engagement with an internal thread of the bearing element. A screw connection of the bearing element with the fixing element is particularly easy in such a configuration of the respective elements with corresponding internal and external threads.

Similar to the prior art, when using a chisel-shaped cutting tool and the bearing element used here naturally subject to mechanical wear, which - analogous to the above description - leads to a knocking out of the bore of the bearing element. In order to maximize the service life of the bearing element, it should therefore be provided that the bearing element can be made connectable to the tool holder in a plurality of positions rotated about a longitudinal axis of the bearing element by means of a positive connection. Once it is at the bearing element to the formation of a elliptical geometry of the receiving bore of the cutting tool comes so that the cutting tool no longer has a tight fit in the receptacle and, for example, in the case of using a round shank a self-rotation of the same is adversely affected, the bearing element can be released from the fixing and subsequently relative to the tool holder be rotated, so that a main load direction of the bearing element in which the cutting tool claims the bearing element is changed. By means of this technique, the bearing element can be used by repeatedly rotating until no orientation of the main loading direction is longer adjustable, in which the cutting tool sits substantially fixed in the recording. The bearing element can be maximally utilized in this way, so that the material costs can be kept correspondingly low.

Said positive connection between the tool holder and the bearing element can be achieved particularly easily by an interaction between at least one groove, preferably a plurality of grooves, and at least one blocking element is formed between the bearing element and the tool holder, wherein either the bearing element, the at least one groove and the tool holder has at least one blocking element or vice versa. The blocking element could be formed in such a configuration, for example in pin form, wherein the blocking element is preferably arranged on the tool holder, while the bearing element has corresponding grooves.

Above, the advantage of the device according to the invention in terms of ease of assembly and disassembly of the bearing element has already been explained, which results from the uncomplicated and speedy screwing same with the fixing. The process of screwing itself can be made particularly simple and efficient, if the fixing element has an opening, which is preferably arranged centrally, said opening is preferably arranged in a bottom of the fixing and hexagonal executed in the form of a hexagon socket. By means of such an embodiment of the fixing element, an assembly of the bearing element can be carried out as follows:
After insertion of the fixing in the receptacle of the tool holder, as will be discussed separately below, the bearing element is also inserted into the receptacle. The internal hexagonal opening in the bottom of the fixing can now be used to introduce a hexagonal wrench, a so-called "Allen key" in said opening, said screw engages positively in the opening of the fixing element, so that a torque of the Wrench can be transferred to the fixing. Consequently, the fixing element can also be rotated by means of a rotary movement of the screwing tool, so that the external thread of the same engages in the corresponding internal thread of the bearing element and is consequently screwed thereto. The particular advantage of the combination of the bearing member having the bore and the central opening having fixing element is that the screwing can be inserted from an upper side of the receptacle of the tool holder in said receptacle, wherein the screwing through the bore of the bearing element from above in the opening of the fixing element retracts. The mounting of the bearing element positioned at the top of the receptacle is thus advantageously carried out according to this invention by the rotation of the fixing element arranged on a lower side of the receptacle of the tool holder by turning or screwing the same by means of a screwing tool, the cutting tool facing from one of the threads of the fixing element Side (from the top of the Aufnehmung) engages in the opening thereof. This is generally very unusual. Normally, in screws of all kinds, the screwing tool is brought from one side with the associated screw in positive engagement, which faces away from the thread of the screw.

The procedure described is above all advantageous because a release and fixing of the bearing element is made possible without the inclusion of the tool element from the bottom should be accessible. Due to confined spaces, which are common in devices of the type described above, this represents a considerable simplification. This applies even more in corner regions of the roll body, since there the tool holder or the associated cutting tools are usually set much tighter than in a central region of the roll body, so that cutting edges in said corner areas are qualitatively better trained. Due to the close arrangement of the tool holder in this area, the problem of cramped space is particularly present here.

In order to produce a secure hold of the bearing element in the receptacle of the tool holder, it is particularly advantageous if both the bearing element and the fixing element each have a holding portion, which are preferably formed circumferentially, wherein the holding portions each in the radial direction on the recording of the tool holder vorkragen and with a respectively the tool holder facing support surface of the holding portion against a respective corresponding Support the support surface of the tool holder. When using such a bearing and fixing element, it can be seen that the combination of the two elements, once these are screwed together, can no longer be moved in the receptacle of the tool holder in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the receptacle. This is prevented on account of the holding regions, since they protrude beyond the receptacle and, in the event of a movement of the composite of bearing and fixing element, strike directly with their holding regions against said support surfaces of the tool holder. Using such a bearing element and such a fixing is therefore ensured that the screw connection of both elements together leads to a secure hold of the bearing element.

A particularly advantageous embodiment in this context is such an embodiment of the holding areas to call, in which the support surfaces of the bearing element and the tool holder engage each other by means of conical engaging portions, wherein preferably the engagement portion of the bearing element as an inner cone and the engagement portion of the tool holder are designed as outer cone. It has already been explained above that a mobility of the bearing element in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the receptacle of the tool holder is prevented by means of the holding regions. During the milling operation, however, the bearing element is also stressed in other directions, which is due to the fact that the cutting tool carried by the bearing element is equally stressed in other directions, so that a purely längsachsparallele burden with respect to the recording of the tool holder is not present. Rather, there are large forces acting in directions transverse to said longitudinal axis ("shear forces"). If the holding area of the bearing element is completely flat, so that the support surface of the holding area of the bearing element has no possibility of transmitting transverse forces to the tool holder, the bearing element is excessively loaded since it has to remove all transverse forces over a part of a wall thereof to the tool element , which is located within the receptacle of the tool holder and is supported against an inner circumferential surface of the receptacle. By contrast, by means of a conical design of the support surfaces to each other, a large part of the transverse forces can be delivered directly to the holding area at an upper side of the bearing element or the receptacle to the tool holder, which contributes to a considerable relief of the bearing element. Which support surfaces is designed as an inner and which as an outer cone, is irrelevant for this functionality in principle. Due to the further circumstances during a milling operation, however, it is particularly advantageous to design the execution according to the above statement, since any dirt, for example in the form of machined material, much more difficult passes between the tool holder and the bearing element, as in such an arrangement in which the inner cone would be formed on the tool holder and the outer cone on the holding region of the bearing element.

With regard to the fixing element, an embodiment of the holding region is particularly advantageous if the same is formed by a non-destructively removable securing ring which is mounted in a circumferential groove of the fixing element. It has already been mentioned above that the space at the bottom of the holder of the tool holder can often be very cramped. Analogous to the above-described advantage of the introducibility of the screwing tool from the top of the receptacle of the tool holder, it is analogously particularly advantageous if it is possible to introduce the fixing element also from above into the receptacle. If the fixing element were firmly connected to a holding region which projects beyond the receptacle of the tool holder, such an insertion of the fixing element from the upper side would not be possible. Only by a flexible attachment and removal of the retaining portion forming part, here called retaining ring, the desired flexibility can be achieved. The expiration of a mounting of the bearing element already mentioned above, this means for the insertion of the fixing element, that in the run-up to this insertion of the retaining ring should not be arranged on the fixing element. Since, by definition, no holding region is present on the fixing element, the same can be inserted from the top into the receptacle, and indeed so far, until the preferably circumferential groove of the fixing protrudes on the underside of the receptacle from selbiger and thus accessible from outside , Then, the locking ring can be secured in said groove, wherein the locking ring has a width such that it projects beyond the insertion of the tool holder after insertion into the groove of the fixing element in the sense of the function of the holding portion, so that the fixing element no longer in the direction of Top of the recording can be moved because the support surfaces of the tool holder and the locking ring or the holding portion tilt against each other. Although the circlip must be mounted on the underside of the receptacle on the fixing, but since it is a narrow component, this is well possible even in confined spaces. After this assembly of the fixing can be moved on with the further assembly of the bearing element according to the above explanation on.

After completely attaching the bearing element by connecting it to the fixing element, the device is ready for the Recording the cutting tool. In practice, such a cutting tool is preferably formed by a round shank bit, since this is preferably used in the mining and surface ablation areas. The bore in the bearing element is designed for this purpose as a bearing bore for rotatably supporting a cutting tool. The recording is suitable for storage of a round shank chisel and therefore suitable for common applications without restriction.

In addition to this conventional embodiment, however, it may also be of particular advantage if the bearing element has on an upper side a cutting tool fixedly connected thereto. The cutting tool is accordingly to be understood as located on the holding area of the bearing element.

Such a cutting tool may for example comprise a cutting element which is designed as a cutting plate, which is preferably formed from hard metal, wherein the cutting plate is preferably designed as an annular or a hexagonal cutting plate. The snow blade - regardless of whether circular or hexagonal - should therefore be arranged on top of the holding portion of the bearing element and preferably also have a central opening in order to realize the above mounting method of the bearing element can. Such inserts can be used for example in the field of surface treatment, especially in those cases where a certain surface quality in terms of a high uniformity of the machined surface is to be achieved. The use of chisels, however, is more common in the field of coarse material removal.

In addition to the use of a large cutting plate as a cutting element and the attachment of such a cutting tool on the top of the bearing element is possible, which has a plurality of cutting elements, which are designed as cylindrical cutting inserts, which are preferably formed of PCD or hard metal. Such cutting elements, especially those made of PCD, are used in special areas of surface processing in which high wear resistance of the cutting elements are necessary in order to achieve acceptable service life can. The arrangement of several cutting inserts on the cutting tool allows the user similar to the above explanation to release the bearing element of the fixing, to rotate it in the recording and thus a "fresh" and unused and therefore unworn cutting insert to orient in such a way that in the following the material to be machined is engaged, while the already worn cutting insert is effectively "disabled".

Depending on the field of application of the device, it may be particularly advantageous if the tool holder is formed from a base holder and a change holder, wherein the base holder is preferably welded to the roll body and the change holder is releasably connected to the base holder and also the receptacle for a positive reception of the Has bearing element. The subdivision of the tool holder in basic and change holder finds its reason in the extremely high mechanical stress, which are subject to all the components of the device. Thus, the cutting tool - whether in the form of a round shank chisel or in the form of another cutting element - is subject to the highest wear. Also strongly affected is the bearing element, which - as already explained - has strong wear by the high bearing forces of the cutting tool, which is greatly simplified by the present invention, the replacement of this bearing element.

Compared to the bearing element significantly reduced but still existent beyond a stress of the tool holder. The consequence of this is that this too has to be replaced at certain intervals. If it is the tool holder is an integral part, which is welded directly to the roll body, such a change of the tool holder is associated with considerable effort. Therefore, a division of the tool holder into two components (base holder, change holder) be very useful, since in such a case, only the base holder would be welded to the roll body, while the change holder, however, releasably connected to the base holder, for example, can be screwed. Such a screw is much easier solvable than a weld, so that an exchange of the swivel holder over such a one-piece tool holder is considerably simplified.

The process of mounting the bearing element is already explained above. If there is a change of the bearing element, the fixing element, since it is subject to little or no wear, usually preserved. After loosening the screw connection of both parts is logically usually only replace the bearing element, while the fixing preferably remains directly in the receptacle of the tool holder. To be able to implement this particularly easily in practice, a blocking device should be provided for the duration of the change of the bearing element, which abuts by means of a blocking portion on an underside of the fixing, that lifting the support surface of the holding portion of the fixing element is blocked by the support surface of the tool holder, wherein the blocking device is preferably connected by means of a holding device arranged on the tool holder positively to the tool holder and is supported against it.

The loosening of the screw connection between the bearing and the fixing element is inevitably accompanied by a relative movement of the two parts relative to one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the receptacle. If a deflection of the fixing in the direction of the bottom of the receptacle - as described - is prevented by the blocking device, the release of the screw automatically leads to a movement of the bearing element in the direction of the top of the receptacle of the tool holder. This has the advantage that a lifting force is generated on the bearing element by the process of screwing by means of the screwing, which leads to a lifting of the corresponding support surfaces of the bearing element and the tool holder. Since these two components, the tool holder and the bearing element, sometimes during the milling operation due to the high bearing forces and the usually moist and loamy and thus highly cohesive ("adhesive") material removal can stick together very tightly, this lifting force can be very comfortable directly to Overcome this "gluing" use. The use of the blocking device thus favors not only the whereabouts of the fixing element during the change of the bearing element in place, but also even the detachment of the bearing element of the tool holder.

In order to be able to release a blocking device once fastened in the retaining groove of the tool holder, the blocking device should have a recess into which a rod-shaped, preferably arcuate, lever element can be inserted in a form-fitting manner, wherein a surface normal of a recess plane preferably aligns substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tool holder should be. The lever element, which may be formed for example by a conventional Meißelaustreiber can be used in the recess of the blocking device. By a lever by means of the lever member against the tool holder, therefore, a force can be applied to the blocking device, which is directed away from the tool holder, so that the blocking device is released.

During assembly of the tool holder on the roll body is to pay particular attention to a correct alignment of the tool holder, since its orientation determines the position of the cutting tool. If the tool holder is aligned inaccurately relative to the direction of rotation of the roller body, there may be insufficient cutting performance of the associated cutting tool or, alternatively, excessive wear if a depth of engagement of the cutting tool is greater than planned or a contact angle between, for example, the cutting tool and the material is not optimal is set. Therefore, the tool holder should preferably be aligned by means of an alignment element on the roller body. Such an aligning element is advantageously a relatively small and lightweight component, which can be aligned much more easily on the roll body and subsequently fastened thereto than is the case for a possibly rather massive and bulky tool holder. Consequently, the assembly process using the alignment element is such that firstly said alignment element, which usually has a flat underside, is fastened to the roll body, preferably welded. It is important to pay attention to a correct position of the alignment. As soon as this alignment element is firmly connected to the roller body, the tool holder can subsequently be fastened to the alignment element on the roller body by means of a "docking", advantageously such a positive connection being realized between the tool holder and the alignment element that only a clear orientation of the tool holder becomes possible and, consequently, if the alignment element has been mounted correctly, it must also be correctly positioned.

For realizing the mentioned positive connection between the tool holder and the alignment element, it is conceivable, for example, for the alignment element to have at least one pin on an upper side, which engages positively with at least one corresponding recess of the tool holder, whereby by means of this positive engagement a rotation of the tool holder relative to the alignment element is blocked.

In order to provide a compatibility of such a tool holder, which is attached to the roller body with the interposition of an aligning element to the prior art, it may be advantageous if the alignment element has on a bottom at least two nipples, which engage in corresponding recesses of a bearing block, wherein the bearing block is connected to the roller body, preferably welded thereto. In this way, a Ausrichtelement configured in this way can also be connected to common base holder (here: bearing block), so that always identical tool holder can be used and only in relation to much smaller and cheaper alignment must be adapted to the respective given circumstances of the respective present device , This one described alignment element with two nipples on the underside is suitable for engagement with a bearing block of the type described, which in turn has corresponding recesses. Other forms of the alignment element for the purpose of adaptation to other base holder or the like are also conceivable.

Finally, to call for a further advantageous embodiment variant of the tool holder that the tool holder should have a recess on a side facing the roller body, in which the alignment is completely used, so that a roller body facing the bottom of the alignment aligns flush with the bottom of the tool holder , This embodiment is particularly advantageous for a direct connection of the tool holder with the roller body. Thus, although the alignment can be used for the purpose of alignment, but in that it disappears completely in the described recess of the tool holder, a direct welding of the tool holder with the roll body is still possible, so that a sufficient stability can be ensured.

• d) Ein Schraubwerkzeug wird von einer Oberseite des Werkzeughalters aus durch die Bohrung des Lagerelements in eine Öffnung des Fixierelements unter Bildung eines eine Drehmomentübertragung ermöglichenden Formschlusses mit demselben eingeführt.

The object of the present invention is further solved based on a method of the type described above by the following method step:

• d) A screwing tool is inserted from an upper side of the tool holder through the bore of the bearing element into an opening of the fixing element to form a torque transfer enabling positive engagement with the same.

The advantages of such a method step and its exact implementation are already explained above.

Likewise, it has already been described above that such a method is particularly advantageous in which both the bearing element and the fixing element are inserted from the top of the tool holder into the receptacle of the tool holder. The implementation of this method step is only possible using a securing ring, which is subsequently used to the introduction of the fixing element in the receptacle of the tool holder in the circumferential groove of the fixing and hereinafter forms the holding area thereof. By means of this holding area a movement of the fixing element is blocked in the direction of the top of the receptacle. If this holding area were permanently arranged on the fixing element, it would not be possible to introduce it from the top of the receptacle into the same.

The screwing of the fixing element to the bearing element should preferably be carried out by means of a screwing tool, which has a locking pin, which is insertable into a receptacle of the screwing, has, by means of which a relative movement between the screwing tool and the fixing element in the direction of the top of the tool holder is prevented , The assembly process using such a locking pin is such that first the screwing tool is inserted from the top of the tool holder through the bore of the bearing element into the opening of the fixing element. Due to the positive connection between the screwing tool and the fixing element, a rotation - and consequently a screw connection - of the fixing element to the bearing element is now possible by a rotation of the screwing tool. In order to force an intervention of the threads of the fixing and the bearing element, it is advantageous if both associated threaded portion are pressed against each other. It is possible to do this using a security pin described above. For this purpose, only the screwing with an end portion on the side facing away from the bearing element must protrude from the opening, so that the receptacle, which should be arranged in said end portion of the screwing, is freely accessible. Subsequently, the locking pin is inserted into the receptacle, wherein a length of the securing pin is greater than a diameter of the opening of the fixing element. A removal of the screwing tool in the direction of the top of the tool holder is therefore not possible using the locking pin, since this is blocked by means of the locking pin, which is supported on an underside of the fixing. The user can therefore apply a directed in the direction of the top of the tool holder force on the screwing tool and thereby cause the fixing element and the bearing element are pressed against each other. With simultaneous application of a torque to the screwing tool on the part of the user, the screwing of the bearing element and the fixing element is particularly easy to carry out.

The inventive method is also particularly advantageous if the latter is supported against a movement in the axial direction of the recording of the tool holder when loosening the screw of the bearing element and fixing, so that in the course of loosening the screw exclusively the bearing element movement from the recording out in a direction remote from the fixing element performs. Such a blockage of the movement of the fixing element in the axial direction of the receptacle of the tool holder is on the one hand realized by the holding area (movement in the direction of the upper side prevented) and can be further achieved by means of a blocking device described above (movement in a direction facing away from the recording). Alternatively, it may also be the case that a blocking device of the type described is not necessary due to limited space at the bottom of the receptacle of the tool holder, since a deflection of the fixing in the direction away from the receptacle is already prevented by components of the device itself. If this is not the case, preferably a blocking device should be used. The advantages of inhibiting any movement of the fixing element during the release of the screw connection between the bearing element and the fixing element have already been explained above.

Finally, such a method is to be described as particularly advantageous in which prior to assembly of the tool holder on the roll body, an aligning element is arranged on the roll body, preferably welded thereto, and the tool holder is then aligned to form a positive connection with the alignment element relative to the roll body and positively connected to the alignment element and / or the roller body, preferably welded. The advantages of this procedure can also be found in the above.

embodiments

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in the figures.

It shows:

1 FIG. 4 is an exploded view of an assembled tool holder for use on a large diameter roll body. FIG.

2 : a section through the device 1 .

3 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another equipped tool holder for use on a small diameter roll body. FIG.

4 a detail of an alignment element,

5 : an isometric view of a tool holder without alignment element,

6 : an isometric view of a loaded tool holder including alignment element,

7 Image: Detail of a blocking device,

8th a section through a fitted tool holder including a blocking device and a lever element,

9a . 9b : Detail of a combination of a bearing element and a fixing element,

10a . 10b : as 9 but with a cutting tool carried by the bearing element,

11a . 11b : as 9 but with a second cutting tool carried by the bearing element,

12a . 12b : as 9 but with a third cutting tool carried by the bearing element,

13 : as 9 , but with a supported by the bearing element ejection plate and

14 : A view of a screwing tool for screwing a bearing element with a fixing element.

In a first embodiment in 1 are in the context of an exploded drawing individual components of a fully equipped tool holder 1 demonstrated. The tool holder 1 is to be understood as attached to a roller body, not shown. The tool holder shown here 1 consists of two separate parts, a basic holder 2 and a change holder 3 , At a bottom of the base holder 2 is a curved edge R recognizable, which is adapted to the radius of the roller body, not shown. At one end 4 of the base holder is a circular arc-shaped recess 5 arranged, which for receiving the change holder 3 serves.

The change holder 3 has a central recess which serves as a receptacle 6 referred to as. Furthermore, the change holder 3 on a top 7 a pin-shaped blocking element 8th whose function will be explained later. At a bottom 9 replacement holder 3 is also a holding groove 10 formed, whose function also later on the basis of 7 and 8th will be explained in more detail.

The recording 6 of the change holder 3 serves to accommodate a bearing element 11 and a fixing element 12 , The bearing element 11 has a holding area 13 on, which over an inner diameter D of the change holder 3 cant, so that it is not possible, the bearing element 11 through the recording 6 of the change holder 3 to move through. Rather, the holding area serves 13 a safe storage of the bearing element 11 on the top 7 of the change holder 3 , For this purpose point both areas, the holding area 13 at a bottom 17 and the top 7 of the change holder 3 conically shaped support surfaces 14 . 15 on, when inserting the bearing element 11 in the recording 6 of the change holder 3 interlock positively so that forces transverse to a longitudinal axis 16 of the change holder 3 from the bearing element 11 on the change holder 3 can be transmitted.

The holding area 13 of the bearing element 11 is at the bottom 17 with a plurality of grooves 18 equipped, which extends into an outer surface 19 of the bearing element 11 continue. These grooves 18 serve a positive engagement with the blocking element 8th , so that on the bearing element 11 acting moments about the longitudinal axis 16 of the change holder 3 not in a rotation of the bearing element 11 result, but on the positive connection to the changeover holder 3 be removed. An arrangement of several grooves 18 offers the option, the bearing element 11 in its position relative to the change holder 3 to change. In this way, in the case of an intolerable wear of the bearing element 11 in a certain loading direction an orientation of the bearing element 11 changed so that it is reusable. By turning the bearing element 11 in all available positions through the grooves 18 be described, thus can be the material of the bearing element 11 exploit maximally before it must be finally replaced.

The fixing element 12 has analogous to the bearing element 11 also a holding area 20 on, with this holding area 20 from a circlip 21 is formed. This circlip 21 also projects beyond the inner diameter D of the exchange holder 3 out, so he did not take the picture 6 of the change holder 3 can be moved through. Instead, the circlip is 21 with a support surface arranged on its upper side 22 for supporting against a corresponding support surface 62 of the change holder 3 suitable. The circlip 21 is in a circumferential groove 23 of the circlip 21 used and thus fixed to this. Furthermore, the retaining ring 21 at one point 24 slotted, allowing it by widening on the fixing element 12 can be deferred. Two openings 25 meanwhile offer the possibility of a renewed widening of the circlip 21 after sliding onto the fixing element 12 For example, during a milling operation, to prevent by both ends of the locking ring 21 at the point 24 be connected to each other.

By holding area 20 of the fixing element 12 by means of the locking ring 21 is formed, eliminating a fixed and thus permanently with the fixing 12 connected holding area 20 , Therefore, it is during a mounting of the fixing 12 on the change holder 3 possible, the fixing element 12 without the circlip 21 from the top 7 of the change holder 3 here in the picture 6 push it in until the groove 23 on the bottom 9 of the change holder 3 from the recording 6 protrudes. Subsequently, now the circlip 21 in the groove 23 be used to re-moving the fixing 12 towards the top 7 of the change holder 3 to prevent. By means of this procedure is a mounting of the fixing 12 also possible if on the bottom 9 of the change holder 3 especially cramped space conditions should prevail.

On a top 26 of the fixing element 12 is a threaded section 27 arranged in which there is an external thread 28 having. This external thread 28 is suitable to be in an in 1 unrecognizable internal thread 29 of the bearing element 11 to intervene (see 2 ). In this way, the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12 non-positively connected to each other, so that both the bearing element 11 as well as the fixing element 12 safe in the recording 6 of the change holder 3 to sit.

In the embodiment shown, both the bearing element 11 as well as the fixing element 12 a hole 30 or an opening 31 on, with the latter particularly from the 9a and 10a recognizable and has a hexagon socket. The hole 30 in the bearing element 11 serves primarily to receive a cutting tool, in the illustrated embodiment a round shank chisel 32 , In addition, however, it also fulfills during assembly of the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12 a special purpose. Through the hole 30 can namely in the course of mounting a in 13 illustrated screwing tool 63 in the recording 6 to the hexagonal opening 31 be introduced. Optimally, the screwing tool should 63 also have a hexagonal shape, so that it form-fitting and fit into the opening 31 at a bottom 33 of the fixing element 12 can intervene. By turning the screwing tool 63 can now the external thread 28 and the internal thread 29 be connected together without having access to the fixing element 12 from the bottom 9 of the change holder 3 would be necessary. This is a significant advantage especially in tight spaces and leads to a significant ease of attachment of the bearing element 11 ,

At the round shank chisel 32 It is a commercially available and known in the prior art embodiment, so that this requires no further explanation.

2 shows the individual in conjunction with 1 explained ingredients again in a ready assembled state. Here you can see how the external thread 28 of the fixing element 12 in the internal thread 29 of the bearing element 12 intervenes. It also becomes clear that the circlip 21 with its support surface 22 against the support surface 62 on the bottom 9 of the change holder 3 supported.

3 shows a further embodiment of a tool holder 34 , which does not consist of two separate parts compared to the previous example, but is integrally formed. In the sectional view of 3 is another time by means of a curved edge 35 a corresponding surface of a roller body, not shown, indicated. The tool holder 34 is welded directly to the roll body for milling operations.

Before this happens, however, comes a so-called alignment element 36 used, which separately in 4 is shown. By means of this alignment element 36 It is particularly easy, the tool holder 34 correctly positioned on the roller body. Such positioning can sometimes be critical as it requires high accuracy of execution. The advantage of using the alignment element 36 lies in the fact that the step of welding the tool holder 34 can be divided into two steps. This is particularly easy with the help of 4 and 5 explain.

In 4 is shown as an example, as the alignment element 36 can be shaped. It has a pin 37 on, in a corresponding off 5 recognizable recess 38 at a bottom 39 of the tool holder 34 can be introduced positively. A length of the recess 38 is so to a length of the pin 37 adjusted that only one unique orientation of the tool holder 34 relative to the alignment element 36 is possible because of the pin 37 only in one orientation in the recess 38 is insertable. Out 5 is recognizable that a shape of the recess 38 not the shape of the pin 37 corresponds, but in a central region M1 has a widening, while the pin 37 has a constriction in a central region M2. This fulfills a specific purpose, which will be discussed separately later. A positioning of the tool holder 34 on the roll body is formed using an alignment member 36 finally as follows:
The pin 37 of the alignment element 36 gets into the recess 38 of the tool holder 34 introduced. Such a condition is in 6 displayed. The bottom 39 of the tool holder 34 is designed so that the alignment element 36 completely from the tool holder 34 can be included and the bottom 39 therefore flush with a base 40 of the alignment element 36 concludes. This only provisional and non-positive composite of tool holder 34 and alignment element 36 is subsequently positioned on the roll body, allowing for proper alignment of the tool holder 34 to pay attention. Once this alignment has been done, you can now use side surfaces 41 of the tool holder 34 protruding end areas 42 of the alignment element 36 (please refer 6 ) are selectively welded to the roll body. Because the alignment element 36 relatively small and thus is very easy, such a selective connection between the roller body and alignment element is sufficient 36 provisionally, to fix the latter. The tool holder 34 can after this fixation of the alignment element 36 be removed for the time being, without the correct orientation would be lost, as this now by the alignment 36 is defined.

Is the tool holder 34 removed, the alignment element 36 finally connected to the roll body by adding more welds. These should usually be in the middle region M2 of the alignment element 36 be arranged, the latter two breakthroughs 43 has, along the inner edges of such welds can be particularly easily arranged.

Is the alignment element 36 finally firmly connected to the roller body, can below the tool holder 34 be put back on the former, the pin 37 again positively in the recess 38 on the bottom 39 of the tool holder 34 intervenes. At this point it becomes clear why the recess 38 and the pin 37 are differently shaped in their middle regions M1, M2 (a widening in the recess 38 against a constriction in the pin 37 , please refer 4 and 5 ). As described above, the alignment member is 36 in the field of breakthroughs 43 at the constriction of the pin 37 provided with welds. Would be the recess 38 of the tool holder 34 in its form identical to the pin 37 formed, it could be due to these welds that a complete placement of the tool holder 34 on the alignment element 36 is not possible because the welds a certain space in the central region M2 of the alignment 36 claim and the tool holder 34 thus could block. Due to the expansion in the central region M1 of the recess 38 of the tool holder 34 Such a collision between the welds and the tool holder 34 however avoided, leaving the tool holder 34 precisely fitting the alignment element 36 can be put on.

Below is now the tool holder 34 be welded circumferentially on the roll body. The advantage of using the aligning 36 is that the tool holder 34 due to the positive connection with the alignment element 36 fixed at a mounting location and need not be held in the correct position by a user's muscular force during a welding operation. Due to the considerable mass of some tool holders 34 This may be for a safe and correct alignment of the tool holder 34 be of considerable advantage.

In the area of the bearing element 11 , the fixing element 12 as well as the round shank chisel 32 is the second embodiment ( 3 ) as identical to the first embodiment described above ( 1 and 2 ) to watch. The only exception is a position of the pin-shaped blocking element 8th to name, which here in contrast to the change holder 3 from the previous embodiment is arranged on a side facing the roller body. However, the functionality is not changed in any way.

A cutting tool such as the round shank chisel 32 are known to be subject to high wear during milling operations. Due to high bearing forces from the cutting tool to the bearing element 11 be transferred, the same applies to the bearing element 11 , As a result, the latter occasionally needs to be replaced in order for the milling operation to be maintained. Such a change of the bearing element 11 is particularly easy with the help of a blocking device 44 realize. An embodiment of such a blocking device 44 is in 7 illustrated. It points to a top 45 a circumferential protruding edge 46 on. This edge 46 serves to fix the blocking device 44 in the holding groove 10 for example, the change holder 3 from the first embodiment. By means of the positive engagement of the edge 46 in the holding groove 10 is ensured that the blocking device 44 not in the direction of the longitudinal axis 16 the recording 6 of the change holder 3 can be moved. A bottom 47 the blocking device 44 is essentially a flat end plate 48 formed, which is a recess 49 having.

With consideration of 8th it becomes clear in which way both the end plate 48 as well as the recess 49 act as soon as the blocking device 44 on the change holder 3 is arranged. A height 50 the blocking device 44 is just chosen so that the end plate 48 at an insertion of the blocking device 44 in the holding groove 10 the former directly below the bottom 33 of the fixing element 12 is positioned. The consequence of this is that the fixing element 12 not in one of the recording 6 of the change holder 33 away direction can be moved. So it comes now that the bearing element 11 has to be changed, first according to the above explanation of the round shank chisel 32 out of the hole 30 of the bearing element 11 removed, leaving the screwing tool 63 from the top 7 of the change holder 3 out into the hole 30 introduced and with the hexagonal opening 31 on the bottom 33 of the fixing element 12 can intervene positively. By a rotary movement of the screwing tool 63 Now the connection between the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12 in the form of interlocking threads, the external thread 28 of the fixing element 12 and the internal thread 29 of the bearing element 11 to be solved. This is done with a relative displacement of both elements to each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis 16 the recess 6 associated. Due to the blocking device 44 However, as explained, a movement of the fixing element 12 prevented. This inevitably causes the bearing element 11 towards the top 7 of the change holder 3 must move while the fixing element 12 remains in place. The recess 49 the blocking device 44 only serves for easier handling of the screwing tool 63 , Would be the recess 49 not available, could be the screwing tool 63 just right down to the opening 31 of the fixing element 12 be introduced. However, a force application is easier when the screwing 63 through the opening 31 can be passed through. Due to the recess 49 the blocking device 44 whose diameter exactly matches that of the opening 31 this is easily possible.

The use of the blocking device 44 during disassembly of the bearing element 11 brings two major benefits. On the one hand is by the blocking device 44 made sure that the fixing element 12 even after a release of the same from the bearing element 11 in the recording 6 of the change holder 3 remains and not in one of the recording 6 direction away from the receptacle "falls out". On the other hand, the blocking device causes 44 - As described above - inevitably lifting the holding area 13 of the bearing element 11 from the top 7 of the change holder 3 , Both parts, the bearing element 11 and the change holder 3 , due to the removal of material during milling can strongly adhere to each other, since the usually very moist and thus highly cohesive material leads to a veritable bonding of both parts. Such a bond is by means of a screwing 63 Applied rotary motion relatively easy to overcome, so that the bearing element 11 and the change holder 3 separate each other.

The application example of the blocking device 44 out 8th further shows a lever element 51 , which after a change of the bearing element 11 this serves the edge 46 the blocking device 44 back out of the holding groove 10 of the change holder 3 to solve. For this purpose, the edge points 46 the blocking device 44 an opening 52 on (see 7 ). This opening 52 should optimally towards the top 7 of the change holder 3 be aligned so that a surface normal to an opening plane of the opening 52 approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis 16 the recording 6 is oriented. By such an orientation of the opening 52 it is possible in a particularly simple manner, the lever element 51 from the top 7 forth in the opening 52 introduce and the blocking device 44 by a lever movement out of the retaining groove 10 to solve, with the lever element 51 against an outer circumferential surface 53 supported the change holder. The blocking device 44 can thus be recovered non-destructively and consequently used as often as desired.

In the other 9 to 12 are exemplary embodiments of embodiments of the bearing element 11 shown, wherein the 10 to 12 show alternative types of cutting tools, which are not a classic round shank chisel 32 is. Thus, the show 9a and 9b two views of a fixing element according to the invention 12 in combination with a bearing element 11 , Especially out 9a is clearly the opening 31 on the bottom 33 of the fixing element 12 recognizable, which has a hexagonal shape. All other components and properties are already explained above.

The embodiment according to 10 shows an alternative cutting tool, which is an insert 54 in the form of a circular ring. The cutting plate 54 consists of a hard metal and thus has a high resistance to a material to be removed during a cutting operation. It is on a top 55 of the bearing element 11 arranged, preferably welded to this. By means of the grooves 18 and the blocking element 8th it is - analogous to the above description - possible, the bearing element 11 including the cutting tool carried in the form of the cutting plate 54 to turn. In this way, in the event of excessive wear of an engagement region of the cutting insert 54 the same are rotated, so that a previously unused area in further cutting operation is brought into engagement with the material to be processed. In this way, maximum utilization of the cutting plate 54 possible before an exchange becomes necessary.

In 10a is also a respect to previous descriptions deviating execution of the fixing 12 recognizable. Thus, the holding area becomes 20 of the fixing element in the illustrated embodiment not by a locking ring 21 formed, but is analogous to the holding area 13 of the bearing element 11 firmly with the fixing element 12 connected. An insertion of the fixing element 12 in a receptacle from an upper side of a tool holder ago is using such a fixing element 12 not possible.

In a further embodiment of a cutting tool is in 11 a bearing element 56 including a cutter mounted thereon in the form of a hexagonal insert 57 displayed. The bearing element 56 differs from the bearing element 11 in that a holding area 58 of the bearing element 56 has an angular shape during the holding area 13 of the bearing element 11 is roundish shaped. A difference between the inserts 54 and 57 obviously exists in the geometry of the same. These different geometries lead to different surface results during a cutting operation. While with the annular insert 54 a surface image is generated, which is characterized - at least to a lesser extent - by valleys and peaks, it is using a straight cut edge 59 how they use the angular insert 57 provides, possible to create completely flat surfaces. Especially in the field of high demands on a surface quality is therefore an insert of a square cutting plate 57 to consider.

In a further embodiment is in 12 a cutting tool shown, which consists of a plurality of individual cutting inserts 60 is composed. The top 55 of the angular bearing element 56 here has a total of six wells 61 on, each for receiving a cutting insert 60 are suitable. In 12 are exemplary only four cutting inserts 60 However, for the cutting operation are all wells 61 of the bearing element 56 usually stocked. The cutting inserts 60 each have a cylindrical shape and are made of PCD. Such a cutting tool is used especially in highly demanding grinding work, in which a high abrasive wear by using the compared to normal carbide significantly harder and more resistant PCD is used to allow longer life of the cutting tool. Once one of the cutting inserts 60 can be worn out by turning the bearing element 56 another cutting insert 60 be activated while the previously worn is deactivated.

Alternatively to the attachment of a cutting tool in different forms (for example, those according to the 9 to 12 ), it is also possible, the bearing element 11 with a rectangular, preferably quadrangular ejection plate 67 to provided, as in the embodiment according to 13 is shown. The ejection plate 67 is in edge areas 68 made of tungsten carbide or PCD, allowing them in these edge areas 68 has a high wear resistance. To use a example from the tool holder 34 , the bearing element 11 , the fixing element 12 and the ejection plate 67 existing device in the form of an "ejector" or a "squeegee" a plurality of these devices are arranged side by side in such a way that the edge regions 68 adjacent, respectively on storage elements 11 mounted ejection plates 67 collide. The squeegee is thus free of gaps or the like, so that milled material is always detected and from a working space in which the cutting tools are in engagement with the material to be processed, is removed. Usually, the material is transported from the ejector to a rear, lying on a side opposite the working space side of the roller body rear space and thrown from there on a conveyor belt or the like, which moves off the material. Because the ejection plate 67 Preferably reinforced in all marginal areas is executed (carbide, PCD), this analogous to the above description by a rotation of the bearing element 11 also rotated and thus maximally exploited before a change of ejector plate 67 becomes necessary. The bearing element 11 should be four grooves for this application 18 have, which are arranged offset by 90 °.

Finally, in 14 an exemplary embodiment of a screwing tool 63 shown, by means of which a screw connection between the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12 can be made. For this purpose, the screwing tool 63 from the top 7 starting along the longitudinal axis 16 of the tool holder 34 in the recording 6 the same is introduced until it has an end section 64 on the bottom 33 of the fixing element 12 protrudes. Subsequently, an unillustrated locking pin in a receptacle 65 introduced in the end section 64 of the screwing tool 63 is arranged. The locking pin should have a length which is greater than an inner diameter 66 of the fixing element 12 is. In this way, it is no longer possible after attaching the locking pin, the screwing 63 from the recording 6 towards the top 7 of the tool holder "to pull out". Instead, it is possible by applying one in the direction of the top 7 directed force the locking pin against the bottom 33 of the fixing element 12 to press and the latter in this way with its external thread 28 against the internal thread 29 of the bearing element 11 to push. By such a forced contact between the two threads, it is much easier possible, the fixing 12 with the bearing element 12 to screw. In 13 Meanwhile, the finished screw is shown.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

toolholder

2

base holder

3

change toolholder

4

front

5

recess

6

admission

7

top

8th

blocking element

9

bottom

10

retaining groove

11

bearing element

12

fixing

13

holding area

14

support surface

15

support surface

16

longitudinal axis

17

bottom

18

groove

19

lateral surface

20

holding area

21

circlip

22

support surface

23

groove

24

Job

25

opening

26

top

27

threaded portion

28

external thread

29

inner thread

30

drilling

31

opening

32

Attack cutting tools

33

bottom

34

toolholder

35

edge

36

aligning

37

spigot

38

recess

39

bottom

40

bottom

41

side surface

42

end

43

breakthrough

44

blocking device

45

top

46

edge

47

bottom

48

End plate

49

recess

50

height

51

lever member

52

opening

53

lateral surface

54

cutting board

55

top

56

bearing element

57

cutting board

58

holding area

59

cutting edge

60

cutting insert

61

deepening

62

support surface

63

Wrench

64

end

65

admission

66

Inner diameter

67

ejector plate

68

border area

D

Inner diameter

K

contour

M1

the central region

M2

the central region

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102008010609 A1 [0004, 0006]
• DE 29623215 U1 [0007, 0007]

Claims (26)

Device for machining and / or conveying materials, comprising a roller body rotatably mounted about a longitudinal axis, at least one tool holder ( 34 ), a bearing element ( 11 ) for supporting a cutting tool and a cutting tool, wherein the tool holder ( 34 ) a recording ( 6 ), in which the bearing element ( 11 ) is positively received, and the bearing element ( 11 ) a hole ( 30 ), characterized by a fixing element ( 12 ), which by means of a screw in a force-transmitting manner with the bearing element ( 11 ), wherein the fixing element ( 12 ) coaxial with the bearing element ( 11 ) is arranged. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing element ( 12 ) in a threaded section ( 27 ) an external thread ( 28 ), which with an internal thread ( 29 ) of the bearing element ( 11 ) is engageable. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bearing element ( 11 ) in a plurality, about a longitudinal axis of the bearing element ( 11 ) rotated positions by means of a positive connection with the tool holder ( 34 ) connected is. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the positive connection between the bearing element ( 11 ) and the tool holder ( 34 ) by means of an interaction between at least one groove ( 18 ), preferably a plurality of grooves ( 18 ), and at least one blocking element ( 8th ) is formed, wherein either the bearing element ( 11 ) the at least one groove ( 18 ) and the tool holder ( 34 ) the at least one blocking element ( 8th ) or vice versa. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fixing element ( 12 ) an opening ( 31 ), which is preferably arranged centrally, wherein the opening ( 31 ) preferably in a lower side ( 33 ) of the fixing element ( 12 ) is arranged and hexagonal executed in the form of a hexagon socket. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that both the bearing element ( 11 ) as well as the fixing element ( 12 ) each have a holding area ( 13 . 20 ), which are preferably formed circumferentially, wherein the holding areas ( 13 . 20 ) each in the radial direction over the receptacle ( 6 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) vorkragen and with each one the tool holder ( 34 ) facing support surface ( 14 . 22 ) of the respective holding area ( 13 . 20 ) against a respective corresponding support surface ( 15 . 62 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ). Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the support surfaces ( 14 . 15 ) of the bearing element ( 11 ) and the tool holder ( 34 ) engage in each other by means of conical engaging portions, wherein preferably the engagement portion of the bearing element ( 11 ) as the inner cone and the engagement portion of the tool holder ( 34 ) are designed as outer cone. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the holding area ( 20 ) of the fixing element ( 12 ) by a non-destructively removable retaining ring ( 21 ) formed in a circumferential groove ( 23 ) of the fixing element ( 12 ) is stored. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bore ( 30 ) of the bearing element ( 11 ) is designed as a bearing bore for the rotatable mounting of a cutting tool, wherein the cutting tool preferably by a round shank chisel ( 32 ) is formed. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the bearing element ( 11 ) on a top side ( 55 ) has a fixedly connected to this cutting tool. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the cutting tool has a cutting element, which is designed as a cutting plate, which is preferably formed of hard metal, wherein the cutting plate preferably as an annular cutting plate ( 54 ) or as a hexagonal insert ( 57 ) is executed. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the cutting tool has a plurality of cutting elements, which are used as cylindrical cutting inserts ( 60 ) are executed, which are preferably formed of PCD or hard metal. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the tool holder ( 34 ) from a basic holder ( 2 ) and a change holder ( 3 ), wherein the basic holder ( 2 ) is preferably welded to the roll body and the change holder ( 3 ) detachable with the basic holder ( 2 ) and also the recording ( 6 ) for a positive reception of the bearing element ( 11 ) having. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by a blocking device ( 44 ), which by means of a blocking section in such a manner on a lower side ( 33 ) of the fixing element ( 12 ) that a lifting of the support surface ( 22 ) of the holding area ( 20 ) of the fixing element ( 12 ) from the support surface ( 62 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) is blocked, the blocking device ( 44 ) preferably by means of a on the tool holder ( 34 ) holding groove ( 10 ) with the tool holder ( 34 ) and is supported against this. Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the blocking device ( 44 ) a recess ( 49 ), in which a rod-shaped, preferably arcuate, lever element ( 51 ) is positively insertable, wherein a surface normal of a recess plane preferably substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis ( 16 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) is aligned. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the tool holder ( 34 ) by means of an alignment element ( 36 ) is aligned with the roller body. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the alignment element ( 36 ) on a top at least one pin ( 37 ), which with at least one corresponding recess ( 38 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) engages positively, wherein by means of this positive engagement, a rotation of the tool holder ( 34 ) relative to the alignment element ( 36 ) is blocked. Device according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the alignment element ( 36 ) has on a bottom at least two nipples, which engage in corresponding recesses of a bearing block, wherein the bearing block is connected to the roller body, preferably welded thereto. Device according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the tool holder ( 34 ) on a side facing the roller body ( 39 ) has a recess into which the alignment element ( 36 ) is completely usable, so that the roller body facing bottom of the alignment element ( 46 ) flush with the underside ( 39 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) completes. Method for mounting a bearing element ( 11 ) for carrying a cutting tool of a device for machining and / or conveying materials, comprising a roller body rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis, at least one receptacle ( 6 ) having tool holder ( 34 ), which has a bore ( 30 ) bearing element ( 11 ), a fixing element ( 12 ) and at least one cutting tool, comprising the following method steps: a) the at least one tool holder ( 34 ) is connected to the roller body. b) The bearing element ( 11 ) and the fixing element ( 12 ) are recorded individually in the recording ( 6 ) of the at least one tool holder ( 34 ) arranged. c) The bearing element ( 11 ) with the fixing element ( 12 ), characterized by the following method step: d) a screwing tool ( 63 ) is from a top ( 7 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) through the hole ( 30 ) of the bearing element ( 11 ) in an opening ( 31 ) of the fixing element ( 12 ) introduced to form a torque transfer enabling positive connection with the same. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that both the bearing element ( 11 ) as well as the fixing element ( 12 ) from the top ( 7 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) into the recording ( 6 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ). Method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that after an insertion of the fixing element ( 12 ) into the recording ( 6 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) in a circumferential groove ( 23 ) of the fixing element ( 12 ) a retaining ring ( 21 ) is arranged, which has a holding area ( 20 ) of the fixing element ( 12 ), so that a movement of the fixing element ( 12 ) in the direction of the top ( 7 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) is prevented. Method according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that a relative movement between the screwing tool ( 63 ) and the fixing element ( 12 ) in the direction of the top ( 7 ) of the tool holder by means of a locking pin, which in a receptacle ( 65 ) of the screwing tool ( 63 ) is inserted is prevented. Method according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that upon release of the screw connection of bearing element ( 11 ) and fixing element ( 12 ) the latter against movement in the axial direction of the receptacle ( 6 ) of the tool holder ( 34 ) is supported, so that in the course of loosening the screw exclusively the bearing element ( 11 ) a movement from the recording ( 6 ) out into a fixing element ( 12 ) turns away. A method according to claim 24, characterized in that a support of the fixing element ( 12 ) in a tool holder ( 34 ) facing away by means of a blocking device ( 44 ) is generated, which positively with the tool holder ( 34 ) is coupled. Method according to one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that prior to assembly of the tool holder ( 34 ) on the roll body an alignment element ( 36 ) is arranged on the roller body, preferably welded thereto, and the tool holder ( 34 ) subsequently to form a positive connection with the alignment element ( 36 ) is aligned relative to the roller body and with the alignment element ( 36 ) and / or the roller body is non-positively connected, preferably welded.

Images