EP2754854B1 - Method for holding a pick and associated apparatus - Google Patents

Description

introduction

The invention relates to a device for machining and / or conveying materials, comprising a roll body rotatably mounted about a longitudinal axis, at least one tool holder, a bearing element for supporting a cutting tool and a cutting tool, wherein the tool holder has a receptacle in which the bearing element form fit is received, and the bearing element has a bore, wherein the device further comprises a fixing element which is connected by means of a screw in a force-transmitting manner with the bearing element, wherein the fixing element is arranged coaxially with the bearing element.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for mounting a bearing element for supporting a cutting tool of a device for machining and / or conveying materials, comprising a rotatably mounted about its longitudinal axis roller body, at least one receptacle having a tool holder, the bearing member having a bore, a fixing element and at least one cutting tool, wherein the fixing element is connectable in a force-transmitting manner to the bearing element by means of a screw connection, wherein the fixing element can be arranged coaxially with the bearing element and has a male thread in a threaded section, which can be brought into engagement with an internal thread of the bearing element, wherein the Fixing element has an opening which is arranged centrally and in an underside of the fixing element and designed such that it is suitable for forming a torque-transmitting positive connection with a screwing tool, wobe i the bearing element in several, about a longitudinal axis of the bearing member rotated positions by means of a positive connection with the tool holder is connectable.

Devices of the type described above are well known and are used for example in the removal of surfaces, especially road surfaces, as well as in the field of mining but also in the recycling of materials of various kinds (metals, rock, plastic, etc.).

State of the art

For example, the DE 10 2008 010 609 A1 shows a chisel-bit holder assembly in which a bit is stored in a bit holder, wherein the bit holder is in turn insertable into a base holder. While the basic holder can be understood as a tool holder in the sense of the device of the type described above, the bit holder as a bearing element according to the device described above can be understood. The bit, which during a Zerpanungsbetriebs with the material to be machined engaged, can also be understood as a cutting tool in the sense of the above-mentioned device.

In the device shown in the published patent application, the bit is - as is common practice - introduced into a bore of the bit holder and fixed there, for example by means of a clamping sleeve. The basic principle of the arrangement of a cutting tool (in the case of the cited document: the chisel) on an associated milling device and the formation of the cutting tool in the form of a so-called round shank bit rotating about its longitudinal axis has been part of the technical standard for quite some time and is used in innumerable cases. Due to the particularly strong forces during milling operation all components of the device described above are exposed to considerable wear. This of course applies in particular to the cutting tool, especially the part of the same which is most directly affected, which is brought directly into engagement with the material to be machined (for example a chisel). Due to the high mechanical stresses, the associated relatively short operating times of the cutting tools are generally accepted.

• Zum einen handelt es sich bei dem Lagerelement häufig um relativ massive und große Bauteile (vgl. Meißelhalter gemäß DE 10 2008 010 609 A1 ), die jeweils beträchtliche Stückkosten verursachen. Zum anderen gestaltet sich nach dem Stand der Technik häufig die Auswechslung eines solchen Lagerelements als sehr aufwendig, da diese üblicherweise mit einem zugehörigen Werkzeughalter, beispielsweise einem Grundhalter, verschweißt sind und mittels eines Schneidbrenners gelöst und später wieder neu verschweißt werden müssen, so dass neben hohen Materialkosten ferner hohe Lohnkosten und Ausfallzeiten im Zuge einer Auswechslung des Lagerelements zu beklagen sind.

Most different developments are therefore concerned above all with the problem of low durability of the parts of the device that do not come into contact with the material to be processed. Many innovations have already been able to bring about improvements, but current devices still do not adequately counteract the problem of high wear on the bearing element, which merely serves to hold or receive the cutting tool. Classic wear and tear results, for example, in that high lateral forces transmitted by the cutting tool to the bearing element lead to a deflection of the initially cylindrical receptacle of the bearing element, so that it loses its essentially circular cross-section, in particular in an upper section, which becomes increasingly elliptical. This affects the Storage of the therein cutting tool considerably and prevents, for example, a reliable rotation of the cutting tool (for example in the form of a round shank chisel) about its longitudinal axis. Furthermore, the cutting performance of the cutting tool decreases because the alignment thereof is lost in the form of an optimum rake angle between the associated cutting element and the material to be machined. Also, the large and pulsating axial forces transmitted via the bit head to the bearing element in connection with the bit rotation and abrasive components of the milled material ("emery particles") lead to wear of the tool holder in terms of material removal in the axial direction, which in turn reduces the stability of the bearing. As a result of this wear of the bearing element a relatively frequent replacement of the same is necessary. This is undesirable for several reasons:

• On the one hand, the bearing element is often relatively massive and large components (see chisel holder according to DE 10 2008 010 609 A1 ), each causing considerable unit costs. On the other hand, according to the prior art, the replacement of such a bearing element is often very complicated, since they are usually welded to an associated tool holder, for example a base holder, and must be loosened by means of a cutting torch and rewelded later, so that next to high Material costs also high labor costs and downtime in the course of a replacement of the bearing element are complaining.

The utility model DE 296 23 215 U1 meets the problem of the deflecting bearing element ("chisel holder", cf. DE 296 23 215 U1 ) by the use of a support element. This is placed in a region between the cutting tool and the bore of the bearing element, so that sudden loads resulting from the milling operation, not directly discharged from the cutting tool on the bearing element, but are intercepted by the support member. A disadvantage, however, is to assess that the support element shown is either sunk with a conical plug insert in a likewise conically tailored blind hole and wedged there or is attached by means of a solder or weld connection to the bearing element. Both mounting variants cause the support element either not at all or only with considerable effort can be removed again, for example, if the support itself strong worn out and can no longer fulfill a protective function against the changeover holder.

A device of the type described above is further from the U.S. Patent 4,337,980 known. Said document discloses a device whose tool holder has a tapered recess which cooperates with a matching tapered bearing element. The bearing element can be anchored to the tool holder by means of a fixing element in such a way that the bearing element is connected in force-transmitting manner to the tool holder. The fixing element may in particular be screwed to the bearing element.

Finally, let's look at the document US 2010/148568 pointed, which also shows a generic device.

task

The invention has for its object to further develop a device of the type described above, that the bearing element, which is provided for a support of the cutting material engaged with the cutting tool, can be much easier disassembled and replaced, as in the prior art is possible.

solution

The object of the present invention is based on a device of the type described above according to the invention achieved in that the fixing element in a threaded portion having an external thread, which is engageable with an internal thread of the bearing element into engagement, wherein the fixing element has an opening which centrally and in an underside of the fixing arranged and is designed such that it is suitable for forming a torque-transmitting positive connection with a screwing and the bearing element in a plurality of rotated about a longitudinal axis of the bearing element positions by means of a positive connection with the tool holder is connectable.

The bearing element is a typically sleeve-shaped insert, which is inserted into the receptacle of the tool holder and acts as a kind of buffer element between the cutting tool and the tool holder and thus the wear significantly reduced. By means of said fixing this bearing element in a particularly simple manner and the tool holder can be fixed, so that any necessary replacement of the bearing element can be carried out particularly quickly. Due to the screwing of the fixing element with the bearing element welding of bearing element and tool holder is no longer necessary to hold the bearing element in place. If, during a milling operation, it is now determined that the bearing element has worn out and is consequently knocked out, the fixing element can be released from the bearing element by means of a rotational movement and the latter subsequently removed and replaced by a new bearing element. Conversely, the method of mounting the screw also offers the possibility to apply a certain clamping force on the bearing element, that is to clamp this against the tool holder. Thus, for example, by providing a so-called "fine thread", which has a particularly low pitch, even by the application of relatively low, for the purpose of screwing fixation and bearing element applied torques a considerable force coaxially to the bearing element and the fixing element are generated.

In this case, the bearing element typically used here is many times smaller and more manageable in comparison to such a prior art. Replacement of the bearing element therefore, based on the fixing element according to the invention, not only brings about a considerably shorter downtime compared with the prior art, but also significantly reduces material costs.

The device according to the invention has the particular advantage that the fixing element in its threaded portion has the external thread which can be brought into engagement with the internal thread of the bearing element. A screw connection of the bearing element with the fixing element is particularly easy in such a configuration of the respective elements with corresponding internal and external threads.

The process of screwing is made particularly simple and efficient by means of the device according to the invention, since the fixing element has the opening which is arranged centrally, wherein said opening is arranged in the underside of the fixing element. By means of the fixing element according to the invention, an assembly of the bearing element can be carried out as follows. Here, reference is made to a preferred embodiment of the opening, which is advantageously carried out hexagonal in the form of a hexagon socket: After insertion of the fixing in the receptacle of the tool holder, as will be discussed separately below, the bearing element is also inserted into the receptacle. The, here innentechkantförmige, opening in the bottom of the fixing can now be used to introduce a screwing tool in the form of a hexagon, a so-called "Allen key" in said opening, said screw engages positively in the opening of the fixing, so that a Torque can be transferred from the screwing to the fixing. Consequently, the fixing element can also be rotated by means of a rotary movement of the screwing tool, so that the external thread of the same engages in the corresponding internal thread of the bearing element and is consequently screwed thereto. The particular advantage of the combination of the bearing member having the bore and the central opening having fixing element is that the screwing can be inserted from an upper side of the receptacle of the tool holder in said receptacle, wherein the screwing through the bore of the bearing element from above in the opening of the fixing element retracts. The mounting of the bearing element positioned at the top of the receptacle is thus advantageously carried out according to this invention by the rotation of the fixing element arranged on a lower side of the receptacle of the tool holder by turning or screwing the same by means of a screwing tool, the cutting tool facing from one of the threads of the fixing element Side (from the top of the Aufnehmung) engages in the opening thereof. This is generally very unusual. Normally, in screws of all kinds, the screwing tool is brought from one side with the associated screw in positive engagement, which faces away from the thread of the screw.

The procedure described is above all advantageous because a release and fixing of the bearing element is made possible without the inclusion of the tool element from the bottom should be accessible. Due to confined spaces, which are common in devices of the type described above, this represents a considerable simplification. This applies even more in corner regions of the roll body, since there the tool holder or the associated cutting tools are usually set much tighter than in a central region of the roll body, so that cutting edges in said corner areas are qualitatively better trained. Due to the tight arrangement of the tool holder In this area, the problem of cramped space is particularly present here.

Similar to the prior art, when using a chisel-shaped cutting tool and the bearing element used here naturally subject to mechanical wear, which - analogous to the above description - leads to a knocking out of the bore of the bearing element. In order to maximize the service life of the bearing element, it should therefore be provided that the bearing element can be made connectable to the tool holder in a plurality of positions rotated about a longitudinal axis of the bearing element by means of a positive connection. As soon as it comes to the formation of an elliptical geometry of the receiving bore of the cutting tool, so that the cutting tool no longer has a tight fit in the receptacle and, for example, in the case of using a round shank a self-rotation of the same is adversely affected, the bearing element of the Loosened fixing element and are subsequently rotated relative to the tool holder, so that a main load direction of the bearing element in which the cutting tool claims the bearing element, is changed. By means of this technique, the bearing element can be used by repeatedly rotating until no orientation of the main loading direction is longer adjustable, in which the cutting tool sits substantially fixed in the recording. The bearing element can be maximally utilized in this way, so that the material costs can be kept correspondingly low.

Said positive connection between the tool holder and the bearing element can be achieved particularly easily by an interaction between at least one groove, preferably a plurality of grooves, and at least one blocking element is formed between the bearing element and the tool holder, wherein either the bearing element, the at least one groove and the tool holder has at least one blocking element or vice versa. The blocking element could be formed in such a configuration, for example in pin form, wherein the blocking element is preferably arranged on the tool holder, while the bearing element has corresponding grooves.

In order to produce a secure hold of the bearing element in the receptacle of the tool holder, it is particularly advantageous if both the bearing element and the fixing element each have a holding portion, which are preferably formed circumferentially, wherein the holding portions each in the radial direction on the recording of the tool holder cantilevered and are supported against a respectively corresponding support surface of the tool holder with a respectively supporting the tool holder support surface of the holding portion. When using such a bearing and fixing element, it can be seen that the combination of the two elements, once these are screwed together, can no longer be moved in the receptacle of the tool holder in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the receptacle. This is prevented on account of the holding regions, since they protrude beyond the receptacle and, in the event of a movement of the composite of bearing and fixing element, strike directly with their holding regions against said support surfaces of the tool holder. Using such a bearing element and such a fixing is therefore ensured that the screw connection of both elements together leads to a secure hold of the bearing element.

A particularly advantageous embodiment in this context is such an embodiment of the holding areas to call, in which the support surfaces of the bearing element and the tool holder engage each other by means of conical engaging portions, wherein preferably the engagement portion of the bearing element as an inner cone and the engagement portion of the tool holder are designed as outer cone. It has already been explained above that a mobility of the bearing element in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the receptacle of the tool holder is prevented by means of the holding regions. During the milling operation, however, the bearing element is also stressed in other directions, which is due to the fact that the cutting tool carried by the bearing element is equally stressed in other directions, so that a purely längsachsparallele burden with respect to the recording of the tool holder is not present. Rather, there are large forces acting in directions transverse to said longitudinal axis ("shear forces"). If the holding area of the bearing element is completely flat, so that the support surface of the holding area of the bearing element has no possibility of transmitting transverse forces to the tool holder, the bearing element is excessively loaded since it has to remove all transverse forces over a part of a wall thereof to the tool element , which is located within the receptacle of the tool holder and is supported against an inner circumferential surface of the receptacle. By contrast, by means of a conical design of the support surfaces to each other, a large part of the transverse forces can be delivered directly to the holding area at an upper side of the bearing element or the receptacle to the tool holder, which contributes to a considerable relief of the bearing element. Which support surfaces as Inside and which is designed as an outer cone, is irrelevant for this functionality in principle. Due to the further circumstances during a milling operation, however, it is particularly advantageous to design the execution according to the above statement, since any dirt, for example in the form of machined material, much more difficult passes between the tool holder and the bearing element, as in such an arrangement in which the inner cone would be formed on the tool holder and the outer cone on the holding region of the bearing element.

With regard to the fixing element, an embodiment of the holding region is particularly advantageous if the same is formed by a non-destructively removable securing ring which is mounted in a circumferential groove of the fixing element. It has already been mentioned above that the space at the bottom of the holder of the tool holder can often be very cramped. Analogous to the above-described advantage of the introducibility of the screwing tool from the top of the receptacle of the tool holder, it is analogously particularly advantageous if it is possible to introduce the fixing element also from above into the receptacle. If the fixing element were firmly connected to a holding region which projects beyond the receptacle of the tool holder, such an insertion of the fixing element from the upper side would not be possible. Only by a flexible attachment and removal of the retaining portion forming part, here called retaining ring, the desired flexibility can be achieved. The expiration of a mounting of the bearing element already mentioned above, this means for the insertion of the fixing element, that in the run-up to this insertion of the retaining ring should not be arranged on the fixing element. Since, by definition, no holding region is present on the fixing element, the same can be inserted from the top into the receptacle, and indeed so far, until the preferably circumferential groove of the fixing protrudes on the underside of the receptacle from selbiger and thus accessible from outside , Then, the locking ring can be secured in said groove, wherein the locking ring has a width such that it projects beyond the insertion of the tool holder after insertion into the groove of the fixing element in the sense of the function of the holding portion, so that the fixing element no longer in the direction of Top of the recording can be moved because the support surfaces of the tool holder and the locking ring or the holding portion tilt against each other. Although the retaining ring must be mounted on the underside of the receptacle on the fixing element, but since it is a narrow component is This is also possible in confined spaces. After this assembly of the fixing can be moved on with the further assembly of the bearing element according to the above explanation on.

After completely attaching the bearing element by connecting it to the fixing element, the device is ready to receive the cutting tool. In practice, such a cutting tool is preferably formed by a round shank bit, since this is preferably used in the mining and surface ablation areas. The bore in the bearing element is designed for this purpose as a bearing bore for rotatably supporting a cutting tool. The recording is suitable for storage of a round shank chisel and therefore suitable for common applications without restriction.

In addition to this conventional embodiment, however, it may also be of particular advantage if the bearing element has on an upper side a cutting tool fixedly connected thereto. The cutting tool is accordingly to be understood as located on the holding area of the bearing element.

Such a cutting tool may for example comprise a cutting element which is designed as a cutting plate, which is preferably formed from hard metal, wherein the cutting plate is preferably designed as an annular or a hexagonal cutting plate. The snow blade - regardless of whether circular or hexagonal - should therefore be arranged on top of the holding portion of the bearing element and preferably also have a central opening in order to realize the above mounting method of the bearing element can. Such inserts can be used for example in the field of surface treatment, especially in those cases where a certain surface quality in terms of a high uniformity of the machined surface is to be achieved. The use of chisels, however, is more common in the field of coarse material removal.

In addition to the use of a large cutting plate as a cutting element and the attachment of such a cutting tool on the top of the bearing element is possible, which has a plurality of cutting elements, which are designed as cylindrical cutting inserts, which are preferably formed of PCD or hard metal. Such cutting elements, especially those made of PCD are used in special areas of surface treatment where high wear resistance of the cutting elements is necessary in order to achieve acceptable service life. The arrangement of several cutting inserts on the cutting tool allows the user similar to the above explanation to release the bearing element of the fixing, to rotate it in the recording and thus a "fresh" and unused and therefore unworn cutting insert to orient in such a way that in the following the material to be machined is engaged, while the already worn cutting insert is effectively "disabled".

Depending on the field of application of the device, it may be particularly advantageous if the tool holder is formed from a base holder and a change holder, wherein the base holder is preferably welded to the roll body and the change holder is releasably connected to the base holder and also the receptacle for a positive reception of the Has bearing element. The subdivision of the tool holder in basic and change holder finds its reason in the extremely high mechanical stress, which are subject to all the components of the device. Thus, the cutting tool - whether in the form of a round shank chisel or in the form of another cutting element - is subject to the highest wear. Also strongly affected is the bearing element, which - as already explained - has strong wear by the high bearing forces of the cutting tool, which is greatly simplified by the present invention, the replacement of this bearing element.

Compared to the bearing element significantly reduced but still existent beyond a stress of the tool holder. The consequence of this is that this too has to be replaced at certain intervals. If it is the tool holder is an integral part, which is welded directly to the roll body, such a change of the tool holder is associated with considerable effort. Therefore, a division of the tool holder into two components (base holder, change holder) be very useful, since in such a case, only the base holder would be welded to the roll body, while the change holder, however, releasably connected to the base holder, for example, can be screwed. Such a screw is much easier solvable than a weld, so that an exchange of the swivel holder over such a one-piece tool holder is considerably simplified.

The process of mounting the bearing element is already explained above. If there is a change of the bearing element, the fixing element, since it is subject to little or no wear, usually preserved. After loosening the screw connection of both parts is logically usually only replace the bearing element, while the fixing preferably remains directly in the receptacle of the tool holder. To be able to implement this particularly easily in practice, a blocking device should be provided for the duration of the change of the bearing element, which abuts by means of a blocking portion on an underside of the fixing that a lifting of the support surface of the holding portion of the fixing of the support surface of the tool holder is blocked, wherein the blocking device is preferably connected by means of a arranged on the tool holder retaining groove form-fitting manner with the tool holder and is supported against it.

The loosening of the screw connection between the bearing and the fixing element is inevitably accompanied by a relative movement of the two parts relative to one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the receptacle. If a deflection of the fixing in the direction of the bottom of the receptacle - as described - is prevented by the blocking device, the release of the screw automatically leads to a movement of the bearing element in the direction of the top of the receptacle of the tool holder. This has the advantage that a lifting force is generated on the bearing element by the process of screwing by means of the screwing, which leads to a lifting of the corresponding support surfaces of the bearing element and the tool holder. Since these two components, the tool holder and the bearing element, sometimes during the milling operation due to the high bearing forces and the usually moist and loamy and thus highly cohesive ("adhesive") material removal can stick together very tightly, this lifting force can be very comfortable directly to Overcome this "gluing" use. The use of the blocking device thus favors not only the whereabouts of the fixing element during the change of the bearing element in place, but also even the detachment of the bearing element of the tool holder.

In order to be able to release a blocking device once fastened in the retaining groove of the tool holder, the blocking device should have a recess into which a rod-shaped, preferably arcuate, lever element can be inserted in a form-fitting manner, wherein a surface normal of a recess plane should preferably be aligned substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tool holder. The lever element, which may be formed for example by a conventional Meißelaustreiber can be used in the recess of the blocking device. By a lever by means of the lever member against the tool holder, therefore, a force can be applied to the blocking device, which is directed away from the tool holder, so that the blocking device is released.

During assembly of the tool holder on the roll body is to pay particular attention to a correct alignment of the tool holder, since its orientation determines the position of the cutting tool. If the tool holder is aligned inaccurately relative to the direction of rotation of the roller body, there may be insufficient cutting performance of the associated cutting tool or, alternatively, excessive wear if a depth of engagement of the cutting tool is greater than planned or a contact angle between, for example, the cutting tool and the material is not optimal is set. Therefore, the tool holder should preferably be aligned by means of an alignment element on the roller body. Such an aligning element is advantageously a relatively small and lightweight component, which can be aligned much more easily on the roll body and subsequently fastened thereto than is the case for a possibly rather massive and bulky tool holder. Consequently, the assembly process using the alignment element is such that firstly said alignment element, which usually has a flat underside, is fastened to the roll body, preferably welded. It is important to pay attention to a correct position of the alignment. As soon as this alignment element is firmly connected to the roller body, the tool holder can subsequently be fastened to the alignment element on the roller body by means of a "docking", advantageously such a positive connection being realized between the tool holder and the alignment element that only a clear orientation of the tool holder becomes possible and, consequently, if the alignment element has been mounted correctly, it must also be correctly positioned.

For realizing the mentioned positive connection between the tool holder and the alignment element, it is conceivable, for example, for the alignment element to have at least one pin on an upper side, which has at least one corresponding recess the tool holder engages positively, wherein by means of this positive engagement rotation of the tool holder is blocked relative to the alignment.

In order to provide a compatibility of such a tool holder, which is attached to the roller body with the interposition of an aligning element to the prior art, it may be advantageous if the alignment element has on a bottom at least two nipples, which engage in corresponding recesses of a bearing block, wherein the bearing block is connected to the roller body, preferably welded thereto. In this way, a Ausrichtelement configured in this way can also be connected to common base holder (here: bearing block), so that always identical tool holder can be used and only in relation to much smaller and cheaper alignment must be adapted to the respective given circumstances of the respective present device , The alignment element described here with two nipples on its underside is suitable for engagement with a bearing block of the type described, which in turn has corresponding recesses. Other forms of the alignment element for the purpose of adaptation to other base holder or the like are also conceivable.

Finally, to call for a further advantageous embodiment variant of the tool holder that the tool holder should have a recess on a side facing the roller body, in which the alignment is completely used, so that a roller body facing the bottom of the alignment aligns flush with the bottom of the tool holder , This embodiment is particularly advantageous for a direct connection of the tool holder with the roller body. Thus, although the alignment can be used for the purpose of alignment, but in that it disappears completely in the described recess of the tool holder, a direct welding of the tool holder with the roll body is still possible, so that a sufficient stability can be ensured.

1. a) Der mindestens eine Werkzeughalter wird mit dem Walzenkörper verbunden.
2. b) Das Lagerelement und das Fixierelement werden einzeln in der Aufnahme des mindestens einen Werkzeughalters angeordnet.
3. c) Das Lagerelement wird mit dem Fixierelement verschraubt.
4. d) Ein Schraubwerkzeug wird von einer Oberseite des Werkzeughalters aus durch die Bohrung des Lagerelements in eine Öffnung des Fixierelements unter Bildung eines eine Drehmomentübertragung ermöglichenden Formschlusses mit demselben eingeführt.

The object of the present invention is further solved based on a method of the type described above by the following method steps:

1. a) The at least one tool holder is connected to the roller body.
2. b) The bearing element and the fixing element are arranged individually in the receptacle of the at least one tool holder.
3. c) The bearing element is screwed to the fixing element.
4. d) A screwing tool is inserted from an upper side of the tool holder through the bore of the bearing element into an opening of the fixing element to form a torque transfer enabling positive engagement with the same.

The advantages of these process steps and their exact implementation are already explained above.

Likewise, it has already been described above that such a method is particularly advantageous in which both the bearing element and the fixing element are inserted from the top of the tool holder into the receptacle of the tool holder. The implementation of this method step is only possible using a securing ring, which is subsequently used to the introduction of the fixing element in the receptacle of the tool holder in the circumferential groove of the fixing and hereinafter forms the holding area thereof. By means of this holding area a movement of the fixing element is blocked in the direction of the top of the receptacle. If this holding area were permanently arranged on the fixing element, it would not be possible to introduce it from the top of the receptacle into the same.

The screwing of the fixing element to the bearing element should preferably be carried out by means of a screwing tool, which has a locking pin, which is insertable into a receptacle of the screwing, has, by means of which a relative movement between the screwing tool and the fixing element in the direction of the top of the tool holder is prevented , The assembly process using such a locking pin is such that first the screwing tool is inserted from the top of the tool holder through the bore of the bearing element into the opening of the fixing element. Due to the positive connection between the screwing tool and the fixing element, a rotation - and consequently a screw connection - of the fixing element to the bearing element is now possible by a rotation of the screwing tool. To force engagement of the threads of the fixing and the bearing element, it is advantageous if both associated threaded portion are pressed against each other. It is possible to do this using a security pin described above. For this purpose, only the screwing with an end portion on the side facing away from the bearing element must protrude from the opening, so that the receptacle, which should be arranged in said end portion of the screwing, is freely accessible. Subsequently, the locking pin is inserted into the receptacle, wherein a length of the securing pin is greater than a diameter of the opening of the fixing element. A removal of the screwing tool in the direction of the top of the tool holder is therefore not possible using the locking pin, since this is blocked by means of the locking pin, which is supported on an underside of the fixing. The user can therefore apply a directed in the direction of the top of the tool holder force on the screwing tool and thereby cause the fixing element and the bearing element are pressed against each other. With simultaneous application of a torque to the screwing tool on the part of the user, the screwing of the bearing element and the fixing element is particularly easy to carry out.

The inventive method is also particularly advantageous if the latter is supported against a movement in the axial direction of the recording of the tool holder when loosening the screw of the bearing element and fixing, so that in the course of loosening the screw exclusively the bearing element movement from the recording out in a direction remote from the fixing element performs. Such a blockage of the movement of the fixing element in the axial direction of the receptacle of the tool holder is on the one hand realized by the holding area (movement in the direction of the top prevented) and can also be achieved by means of a blocking device described above (movement in a direction facing away from the recording). Alternatively, it may also be the case that a blocking device of the type described is not necessary because of limited space at the bottom of the receptacle of the tool holder, since a deflection of the fixing in the direction away from the receptacle is already prevented by components of the device itself. If this is not the case, preferably a blocking device should be used. The advantages of inhibiting any movement of the fixing element during the release of the screw connection between the bearing element and the fixing element have already been explained above.

Finally, such a method is to be described as particularly advantageous in which prior to assembly of the tool holder on the roll body, an aligning element is arranged on the roll body, preferably welded thereto, and the tool holder is then aligned to form a positive connection with the alignment element relative to the roll body and positively connected to the alignment element and / or the roller body, preferably welded. The advantages of this procedure can also be found in the above.

embodiments

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in the figures.

Fig. 1:

eine Explosionszeichnung eine bestückten Werkzeughalters zur Verwendung auf einem Walzenkörper mit großem Durchmesser,

Fig. 2:

einen Schnitt durch die Vorrichtung aus Figur 1,

Fig. 3:

einen Schnitt durch eines weitere bestückten Werkzeughalters zur Verwendung auf einem Walzenkörper mit kleinem Durchmesser,

Fig. 4:

ein Detail eines Ausrichtelements,

Fig. 5:

eine isometrische Ansicht eines Werkzeughalters ohne Ausrichtelement,

Fig. 6:

eine isometrische Ansicht eines bestückten Werkzeughalters inklusive Ausrichtelement,

Fig. 7:

Detail einer Blockiereinrichtung,

Fig. 8:

ein Schnitt durch einen bestückten Werkzeughalter inklusive einer Blockiereinrichtung und eines Hebelelements,

Fig. 9a, 9b:

Detail einer Kombination aus einem Lagerelement und einem Fixierelement,

Fig. 10a, 10b:

wie Figur 9, jedoch mit einem von dem Lagerelement getragenen Schneidwerkzeug,

Fig. 11a, 11b:

wie Figur 9, jedoch mit einem zweiten von dem Lagerelement getragenen Schneidwerkzeug,

Fig. 12a, 12b:

wie Figur 9, jedoch mit einem dritten von dem Lagerelement getragenen Schneidwerkzeug,

Fig. 13:

wie Figur 9, jedoch mit einer von dem Lagerelement getragenen Auswurfplatte und

Fig. 14:

eine Ansicht eines Schraubwerkzeugs zum Verschrauben eines Lagerelements mit einem Fixierelement.

It shows:

Fig. 1:

an exploded view of a loaded tool holder for use on a large-diameter roll body,

Fig. 2:

a section through the device FIG. 1 .

3:

a section through another equipped tool holder for use on a small diameter roll body,

4:

a detail of an alignment element,

Fig. 5:

an isometric view of a tool holder without alignment element,

Fig. 6:

an isometric view of a loaded tool holder including alignment element,

Fig. 7:

Detail of a blocking device,

Fig. 8:

a section through a fitted tool holder including a blocking device and a lever element,

9a, 9b:

Detail of a combination of a bearing element and a fixing element,

10a, 10b:

as FIG. 9 but with a cutting tool carried by the bearing element,

11a, 11b:

as FIG. 9 but with a second cutting tool carried by the bearing element,

FIGS. 12a, 12b:

as FIG. 9 but with a third cutting tool carried by the bearing element,

Fig. 13:

as FIG. 9 , but with a supported by the bearing element ejection plate and

Fig. 14:

a view of a screwing tool for screwing a bearing element with a fixing element.

In a first embodiment in FIG. 1 are shown in an exploded view of individual components of a fully loaded tool holder 1. The tool holder 1 is to be understood as attached to a roller body, not shown. The tool holder 1 shown here consists of two individual parts, a base holder 2 and a change holder 3. On a bottom of the base 2 a curved edge R can be seen, which is adapted to the radius of the roller body, not shown. On an end face 4 of the base holder, a circular arc-shaped recess 5 is arranged, which serves for receiving the interchangeable holder 3.

The change holder 3 has a central recess, which is referred to as a receptacle 6. Further, the changeover holder 3 on a top side 7, a pin-shaped blocking element 8, whose function will be explained later. On a lower side 9 de swap holder 3, a retaining groove 10 is also formed, whose function also later on the basis of FIGS. 7 and 8th will be explained in more detail.

The receptacle 6 of the interchangeable holder 3 serves to receive a bearing element 11 and a fixing element 12. The bearing element 11 has a holding region 13 which projects beyond an inner diameter D of the interchangeable holder 3, so that it is not possible for the bearing element 11 to penetrate through the receptacle 6 to move the change holder 3 therethrough. Rather, the holding area 13 serves for a secure mounting of the bearing element 11 on the upper side 7 of the Interchangeable holder 3. For this purpose, both areas, the holding portion 13 on a bottom 17 and the top 7 of the swivel holder 3 conically shaped support surfaces 14, 15 which engage positively in an insertion of the bearing element 11 in the receptacle 6 of the interchangeable holder 3, so that forces can be transmitted transversely to a longitudinal axis 16 of the change holder 3 of the bearing element 11 on the changeover holder 3.

The holding portion 13 of the bearing element 11 is provided on the underside 17 with a plurality of grooves 18, which continue into an outer circumferential surface 19 of the bearing element 11. These grooves 18 serve a positive engagement with the blocking element 8, so that acting on the bearing element 11 moments about the longitudinal axis 16 of the change holder 3 does not result in a rotation of the bearing element 11, but are removed via the positive connection to the change holder 3. An arrangement of a plurality of grooves 18 offers the option of changing the bearing element 11 in its position relative to the changeover holder 3. In this way, in the event of an intolerable wear of the bearing element 11 in a certain loading direction, an orientation of the bearing element 11 is changed, so that it is reusable. By turning the bearing element 11 in all available positions, which are described by the grooves 18, thus the material of the bearing element 11 can be maximally exploited before it has to be finally replaced.

The fixing element 12 likewise has a holding region 20 analogously to the bearing element 11, wherein this holding region 20 is formed by a securing ring 21. This circlip 21 also protrudes beyond the inner diameter D of the interchangeable holder 3, so that it can not be moved through the receptacle 6 of the interchangeable holder 3 therethrough. Instead, the securing ring 21 is suitable with a support surface 22 arranged on the upper side thereof for support against a corresponding support surface 62 of the exchangeable holder 3. The locking ring 21 is inserted into a circumferential groove 23 of the locking ring 21 and thus fixed to this. Further, the locking ring 21 is slotted at a location 24 so that it can be pushed by a widening on the fixing element 12. Meanwhile, two openings 25 offer the possibility of preventing a renewed widening of the securing ring 21 after being pushed onto the fixing element 12, for example during a milling operation, by connecting both ends of the securing ring 21 together at the point 24.

By the holding portion 20 of the fixing member 12 is formed by means of the securing ring 21, eliminates a fixed and thus permanently connected to the fixing member 12 holding portion 20. Therefore, it is possible during mounting of the fixing member 12 to the change holder 3, the fixing member 12 without the locking ring 21st from the top 7 of the interchangeable holder 3 forth in the receptacle 6 so far inserted until the groove 23 protrudes on the bottom 9 of the interchangeable holder 3 from the receptacle 6. Subsequently, the locking ring 21 can now be inserted into the groove 23 to prevent a renewed movement of the fixing member 12 in the direction of the top 7 of the change holder 3. By means of this procedure, an assembly of the fixing element 12 is also possible if on the bottom 9 of the change holder 3 particularly cramped space conditions prevail.

On a top side 26 of the fixing element 12, a threaded portion 27 is arranged, in which it has an external thread 28. This external thread 28 is suitable to fit in an in FIG. 1 unrecognizable internal thread 29 of the bearing element 11 engage (see FIG. 2 ). In this way, the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12 are frictionally connected to each other, so that both the bearing element 11 and the fixing member 12 securely seated in the receptacle 6 of the change holder 3.

In the illustrated embodiment, both the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12 a bore 30 and an opening 31, the latter particularly from the FIGS. 9a and 10a recognizable and has a hexagon socket. The bore 30 in the bearing element 11 serves primarily to receive a cutting tool, in the illustrated embodiment a round shank chisel 32. In addition, however, it also fulfills a special purpose during assembly of the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12. Through the bore 30 can namely in the course of installation in FIG. 13 shown screwing 63 are inserted into the receptacle 6 to the hexagonal opening 31. Optimally, the screwing tool 63 should also have a hexagonal shape, so that it can engage positively and accurately in the opening 31 on an underside 33 of the fixing element 12. By turning the screwing tool 63, the external thread 28 and the internal thread 29 can now be connected to one another without requiring access to the fixing element 12 from the underside 9 of the exchangeable holder 3. This is a considerable advantage especially in tight spaces and leads to a significant ease of attachment of the bearing element eleventh

The round shank bit 32 is a commercially available and known from the prior art embodiment, so that this requires no further explanation.

FIG. 2 shows the individual in conjunction with FIG. 1 explained components again in a fully assembled state. Here it can be seen how the external thread 28 of the fixing element 12 engages in the internal thread 29 of the bearing element 12. Furthermore, it is clear that the retaining ring 21 is supported with its support surface 22 against the support surface 62 on the bottom 9 of the change holder 3.

FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a tool holder 34, which now in comparison to the previous example does not consist of two individual parts, but is integrally formed. In the sectional view of FIG. 3 is again indicated by a curved edge 35, a corresponding surface of a roller body, not shown. The tool holder 34 is welded directly to the roll body for the milling operation.

Before this happens, however, a so-called alignment element 36 is used, which separately in FIG. 4 is shown. By means of this alignment element 36, it is particularly easy to position the tool holder 34 correctly on the roll body. Such positioning can sometimes be critical as it requires high accuracy of execution. The advantage of using the alignment member 36 is that the step of welding the tool holder 34 can be divided into two steps. This is particularly easy with the help of FIGS. 4 and 5 explain.

• Der Zapfen 37 des Ausrichtelements 36 wird in die Ausnehmung 38 des Werkzeughalters 34 eingeführt. Ein solcher Zustand ist in Figur 6 abgebildet. Die Unterseite 39 des Werkzeughalters 34 ist so gestaltet, dass das Ausrichtelement 36 vollständig von dem Werkzeughalter 34 aufgenommen werden kann und die Unterseite 39 folglich bündig mit einer Unterseite 40 des Ausrichtelements 36 abschließt. Dieser lediglich provisorische und nicht kraftschlüssige Verbund aus Werkzeughalter 34 und Ausrichtelement 36 wird nachfolgend auf dem Walzenkörper positioniert, wobei auf eine korrekte Ausrichtung des Werkzeughalters 34 zu achten ist. Ist diese Ausrichtung erfolgt, können nun über Seitenflächen 41 des Werkzeughalters 34 vorstehende Endbereiche 42 des Ausrichtelements 36 (siehe Figur 6) punktuell an den Walzenkörper angeschweißt werden. Da das Ausrichtelement 36 verhältnismäßig klein und dadurch sehr leicht ist, genügt eine solche punktuelle Verbindung zwischen Walzenkörper und Ausrichtelement 36 vorläufig, um letzteres zu fixieren. Der Werkzeughalter 34 kann nach dieser Fixierung des Ausrichtelements 36 vorerst wieder entfernt werden, ohne dass die korrekte Ausrichtung verloren ginge, da diese nun durch das Ausrichtelement 36 definiert ist. Ist der Werkzeughalter 34 entfernt, kann das Ausrichtelement 36 abschließend mit dem Walzenkörper verbunden werden, indem weitere Schweißnähte hinzugefügt werden. Diese sollten üblicherweise im Mittelbereich M2 des Ausrichtelements 36 angeordnet werden, wobei letzteres zwei Durchbrüche 43 aufweist, entlang deren innerer Ränder derartige Schweißnähte besonders einfach angeordnet werden können.

In FIG. 4 is shown as an example how the alignment member 36 may be formed. It has a pin 37 which is in a corresponding FIG. 5 Recognizable recess 38 can be inserted positively on a bottom 39 of the tool holder 34. A length of the recess 38 is adapted to a length of the pin 37, that only a clear orientation of the tool holder 34 relative to the alignment element 36 is possible, since the pin 37 can be inserted only in one orientation in the recess 38. Out FIG. 5 It can be seen that a shape of the recess 38 does not correspond to the shape of the pin 37, but in a central region M1 has a widening, while the pin 37 in a central region M2 has a constriction. This fulfills a specific purpose, which will be discussed separately later. A positioning of the tool holder 34 on the roll body is finally formed using an alignment member 36 as follows:

• The pin 37 of the alignment member 36 is inserted into the recess 38 of the tool holder 34. Such a condition is in FIG. 6 displayed. The underside 39 of the tool holder 34 is designed such that the alignment element 36 can be completely received by the tool holder 34 and consequently the bottom 39 is flush with a bottom 40 of the alignment element 36. This merely provisional and non-frictional composite of tool holder 34 and alignment element 36 is subsequently positioned on the roll body, it being necessary to ensure a correct alignment of the tool holder 34. Once this alignment has taken place, projecting end regions 42 of the alignment element 36 can now be projected over side surfaces 41 of the tool holder 34 (see FIG FIG. 6 ) are selectively welded to the roll body. Since the alignment member 36 is relatively small and thus very light, such a selective connection between the roller body and alignment element 36 provisionally sufficient to fix the latter. The tool holder 34 can be removed for the time being after this fixation of the alignment element 36 without the correct alignment being lost, since this is now defined by the alignment element 36. When the tool holder 34 is removed, the alignment member 36 can be finally connected to the roller body by adding more welds. These should usually be arranged in the middle region M2 of the alignment element 36, the latter having two openings 43, along the inner edges of which such welds can be arranged particularly easily.

If the alignment element 36 is finally firmly connected to the roller body, the tool holder 34 can subsequently be placed back onto the first one, wherein the pin 37 again engages positively in the recess 38 on the underside 39 of the tool holder 34. At this point it is clear why the recess 38 and the pin 37 are formed differently in their middle regions M 1, M2 (a widening in the recess 38 with respect to a constriction in the pin 37, see FIGS. 4 and 5 ). As described above, the alignment element 36 is provided in the region of the openings 43 at the constriction of the pin 37 with welds. If the recess 38 of the tool holder 34 formed in its shape identical to the pin 37, it could be due to these welds that a complete placement of the tool holder 34 on the alignment member 36 is not possible because the welds claim a certain amount of space in the central region M2 of the alignment member 36 and thus could block the tool holder 34. Due to the widening in the middle region M1 of the recess 38 of the tool holder 34, however, such a collision between the weld seams and the tool holder 34 is avoided, so that the tool holder 34 can be placed accurately on the alignment element 36.

Subsequently, the tool holder 34 can now be welded circumferentially on the roll body. The advantage of using the alignment element 36 is that the tool holder 34 is fixed at a mounting location due to the positive connection with the alignment element 36 and does not have to be held in the correct position by a user's muscular force during a welding operation. Due to the considerable mass of some tool holders 34, this can be of considerable advantage with regard to a secure and correct alignment of the tool holder 34.

In the region of the bearing element 11, the fixing element 12 and the round shank chisel 32, the second embodiment ( FIG. 3 ) as identical to the first embodiment described above ( FIGS. 1 and 2 ) to watch. The only exception is a position of the pin-shaped blocking element 8 to call, which is arranged here in contrast to the change holder 3 from the previous embodiment on a side facing the roller body. However, the functionality is not changed in any way.

A cutting tool such as the round shank bit 32 is known to be subject to high wear during milling operations. Due to high bearing forces, which are transmitted from the cutting tool to the bearing element 11, the same applies to the bearing element 11. This means that the latter must be replaced occasionally, so that the milling operation can be maintained. Such a change of the bearing element 11 can be realized particularly easily with the aid of a blocking device 44. An embodiment of such a blocking device 44 is shown in FIG FIG. 7 illustrated. It has on a top 45 on a circumferential projecting edge 46. This edge 46 serves to fix the blocking device 44 in the retaining groove 10, for example, the change holder 3 from the first embodiment. By means of the positive engagement of the edge 46 in the retaining groove 10 it is ensured that the blocking device 44 can not be moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis 16 of the receptacle 6 of the change holder 3.

An underside 47 of the blocking device 44 is essentially formed by a flat end plate 48, which has a recess 49.

With consideration of FIG. 8 It is clear in which way both the end plate 48 and the recess 49 act as soon as the blocking device 44 is arranged on the change holder 3. A height 50 of the blocking device 44 is just chosen so that the end plate 48 is positioned at an insertion of the blocking device 44 in the retaining groove 10 the former directly below the bottom 33 of the fixing element 12. The consequence of this is that the fixing element 12 can not be moved in a direction away from the receptacle 6 of the exchangeable holder 33. So, if it comes to the fact that the bearing element 11 must be changed, the round shank bit 32 is first removed from the bore 30 of the bearing element 11, so that the screw 63 is inserted from the top 7 of the change holder 3 into the bore 30 and according to the above explanation can engage positively with the hexagonal opening 31 on the bottom 33 of the fixing element 12. By a rotary movement of the screw 63, the connection between the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12 in the form of interlocking thread, the external thread 28 of the fixing element 12 and the internal thread 29 of the bearing element 11 can now be solved. This is accompanied by a relative displacement of the two elements in the direction of the longitudinal axis 16 of the recess 6. Due to the blocking device 44, however, a movement of the fixing element 12 is prevented, as explained above. This inevitably leads to the bearing element 11 has to move in the direction of the top 7 of the interchangeable holder 3, while the fixing element 12 remains in place. The recess 49 of the blocking device 44 merely serves to simplify the handling of the screwing tool 63. If the recess 49 were not present, the screwing tool 63 could only be inserted exactly into the opening 31 of the fixing element 12. However, a force application is easier if the screw 63 can be passed through the opening 31 therethrough. Due to the recess 49 of the blocking device 44, whose diameter coincides exactly with that of the opening 31, this is readily possible.

The use of the blocking device 44 during disassembly of the bearing element 11 brings two significant advantages. On the one hand is ensured by the blocking device 44, that the fixing element 12 even after a release of the same from the bearing element 11 remains in the receptacle 6 of the change holder 3 and does not "fall out" in a direction away from the receptacle 6 from the receptacle. On the other hand causes the blocking device 44 - as described above - inevitably lifting the holding portion 13 of the bearing element 11 from the top 7 of the change holder 3. Both parts, the bearing element 11 and the change holder 3, due to the material removal during the milling operation strongly adhere to each other because the usually very moist and thus strongly cohesive material leads to a veritable bonding of both parts. Such a bond can be relatively easily overcome by a rotary movement applied by means of the screwing tool 63, so that the bearing element 11 and the changeover holder 3 separate from one another.

The application example of the blocking device 44 from FIG. 8 further shows a lever member 51, which serves after a change of the bearing element 11 to release the edge 46 of the blocking device 44 again from the retaining groove 10 of the change holder 3. For this purpose, the edge 46 of the blocking device 44 has an opening 52 (see FIG. 7 ). This opening 52 should optimally be aligned in the direction of the upper side 7 of the exchangeable holder 3, so that a surface normal to an opening plane of the opening 52 is oriented approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis 16 of the receptacle 6. Such an orientation of the opening 52 makes it possible in a particularly simple manner to insert the lever element 51 from the upper side 7 into the opening 52 and to release the blocking device 44 by a lever movement from the retaining groove 10, whereby the lever element 51 acts against an outer Lateral surface 53 of the change holder is supported. The blocking device 44 can thus be recovered without destruction and therefore used as often as desired.

In the other FIGS. 9 to 12 Embodiments for embodiments of the bearing element 11 are shown, wherein the FIGS. 10 to 12 show alternative types of cutting tools that are not a classic pick 32. Thus, the show FIGS. 9a and 9b two views of a fixing element 12 according to the invention in combination with a bearing element 11. Especially made FIG. 9a is clearly the opening 31 on the bottom 33 of the fixing element 12 recognizable, which has a hexagonal shape. All other components and properties are already explained above.

The embodiment according to FIG. 10 shows an alternative cutting tool, which is an insert 54 in the form of a circular ring. The cutting plate 54 is made of a hard metal and thus has a high resistance to a material to be removed during a cutting operation. It is arranged on a top side 55 of the bearing element 11, preferably welded thereto. By means of the grooves 18 and the blocking element 8, it is possible, analogously to the above description, to rotate the bearing element 11 including the cutting tool carried thereby in the form of the cutting plate 54. In this way, in the case of excessive wear of an engagement region of the cutting plate 54, the same can be rotated, so that a hitherto unused region in the further cutting operation is brought into engagement with the material to be processed. In this way, maximum utilization of the cutting plate 54 is possible before replacement is necessary.

In FIG. 10a Moreover, an embodiment of the fixing element 12 deviating from the previous descriptions can be seen. Thus, the holding portion 20 of the fixing member is not formed in the illustrated embodiment by a securing ring 21, but is analogous to the holding portion 13 of the bearing member 11 fixedly connected to the fixing member 12. Insertion of the fixing element 12 into a receptacle from an upper side of a tool holder is not possible using such a fixing element 12.

In a further embodiment of a cutting tool is in FIG. 11 a bearing element 56 including a cutting tool mounted thereon in the form of a hexagonal cutting plate 57 shown. The bearing member 56 differs from the bearing member 11 in that a holding portion 58 of the bearing member 56 has a polygonal shape while the holding portion 13 of the bearing member 11 is formed round. A difference between the inserts 54 and 57 is obviously in the geometry thereof. These different geometries lead to different surface results during a cutting operation. While the annular insert 54 produces a surface image which is characterized, at least to a lesser extent, by valleys and peaks, it is possible to provide completely flat surfaces using a straight cut edge 59 as provided by the angular cutting plate 57. Especially in the field of high demands on a surface quality, therefore, a use of an angular cutting plate 57 should be considered.

In a further embodiment is in FIG. 12 a cutting tool is shown, which is composed of a plurality of individual cutting inserts 60. The upper side 55 of the angular bearing element 56 here has a total of six recesses 61, which are each suitable for receiving a cutting insert 60. In FIG. 12 By way of example only four cutting inserts 60 are shown, but for the cutting operation, all depressions 61 of the bearing element 56 are usually equipped. The cutting inserts 60 each have a cylindrical shape and are made of PCD. Such a cutting tool is used especially in highly demanding grinding work, in which a high abrasive wear by using the compared to normal carbide significantly harder and more resistant PCD is used to allow longer life of the cutting tool. Once one of the cutting inserts 60 is worn, another cutting insert 60 can be activated by turning the bearing member 56 while the previously worn one is deactivated.

Alternatively to the attachment of a cutting tool in different forms (for example, those according to the FIGS. 9 to 12 ), it is also possible to provide the bearing element 11 with a rectangular, preferably quadrangular ejection plate 67, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 13 is shown. The ejection plate 67 is formed in edge regions 68 made of hard metal or PCD, so that it has a high wear resistance in these edge regions 68. To use a, for example, from the tool holder 34, the bearing element 11, the fixing member 12 and the ejector plate 67 existing device in the form of an "ejector" or a "squeegee" a plurality of these devices are side by side to arrange such that the edge portions 68 adjacent, respectively Bearing elements 11 mounted ejector plates 67 abut each other. The squeegee is thus free of gaps or the like, so that milled material is always detected and from a working space in which the cutting tools are in engagement with the material to be processed, is removed. Usually, the material is transported from the ejector to a rear, lying on a side opposite the working space side of the roller body rear space and thrown from thereon on a conveyor belt or the like, which moves off the material. Since the ejection plate 67 is preferably made reinforced in all edge regions (hard metal, PCD), this can likewise be rotated by turning the bearing element 11 analogously to the above description and thus utilized to the maximum before a replacement of the ejection plate 67 is necessary becomes. The bearing element 11 should accordingly have four grooves 18 for this application, which are each offset by 90 °.

Finally, in FIG. 14 an exemplary embodiment of a screwing tool 63 is shown, by means of which a screw connection between the bearing element 11 and the fixing element 12 can be made. For this purpose, the screw 63 is inserted from the top 7 along the longitudinal axis 16 of the tool holder 34 in the receptacle 6 thereof until it protrudes with an end portion 64 on the bottom 33 of the fixing member 12. Subsequently, an unillustrated locking pin can be inserted into a receptacle 65 which is arranged in the end portion 64 of the screw 63. The locking pin should have a length which is greater than an inner diameter 66 of the fixing element 12. In this way, it is no longer possible after attaching the locking pin, "pull out" the screw 63 from the receptacle 6 in the direction of the top 7 of the tool holder. Instead, it is possible by pressing a force directed in the direction of the top 7 force the locking pin against the bottom 33 of the fixing member 12 and the latter in this way with its external thread 28 against the internal thread 29 of the bearing element 11 to push. Such a forced contact between the two threads makes it much easier to screw the fixing element 12 to the bearing element 12. In FIG. 13 Meanwhile, the finished screw is shown.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

toolholder

2

base holder

3

change toolholder

4

front

5

recess

6

admission

7

top

8th

blocking element

9

bottom

10

retaining groove

11

bearing element

12

fixing

13

holding area

14

support surface

15

support surface

16

longitudinal axis

17

bottom

18

groove

19

lateral surface

20

holding area

21

circlip

22

support surface

23

groove

24

Job

25

opening

26

top

27

threaded portion

28

external thread

29

inner thread

30

drilling

31

opening

32

Attack cutting tools

33

bottom

34

toolholder

35

edge

36

aligning

37

spigot

38

recess

39

bottom

40

bottom

41

side surface

42

end

43

breakthrough

44

blocking device

45

top

46

edge

47

bottom

48

End plate

49

recess

50

height

51

lever member

52

opening

53

lateral surface

54

cutting board

55

top

56

bearing element

57

cutting board

58

holding area

59

cutting edge

60

cutting insert

61

deepening

62

support surface

63

Wrench

64

end

65

admission

66

Inner diameter

67

ejector plate

68

border area

D

Inner diameter

K

contour

M1

the central region

M2

the central region

Claims (17)

1. Device for the machining and/or extracting of materials comprising a roller body supported in a rotating manner about is longitudinal axis, at least one tool holder (34) connected to the roller body, a bearing element (11) for supporting a cutting tool and a cutting tool, wherein the tool holder (34) has a receptacle (6) in which the bearing element (11) is accommodated in a positively locking manner, and the bearing element (11) has a boring (30), wherein the device also comprises a fixation element (12), which is connected by means of a screw-connection to the bearing element (11) in force-transmitting manner, wherein the fixation element (12) is arranged coaxially to the bearing element (11) characterised in that in a threaded section (27) the fixation element (12) has an external thread (28) which can be brought into engagement with an internal thread (29) of the bearing element (11), wherein the fixation element (12) has an opening (31) which is arranged centrally and in an underside (33) of the fixation element (12) and is designed in such a way that it is suitable for forming a torque-transmitting positive lock connection with a screwing tool (63) and the bearing tool (11) can be connected by means of a positive lock connection to the tool holder (34) in several positions turned about a longitudinal axis of the bearing element (11).
2. Device according to claim 1 characterised in that the positive lock connection between the bearing element (11) and the tool holder (34) is brought about by way of an interaction between at least one groove (18), preferably a plurality of grooves (18) and at least one blocking element (8), wherein either the bearing element (11) has the at least one groove (18) and the tool holder (34) has the at least one blocking element (8) or vice-versa.
3. Device according to claim 1 of 2 characterised in that the opening (31) is hexagonal in the form of an inner hexagon.
4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that both the bearing element (11) and also the fixation element (12) each have a holding area (13, 20), which is preferably designed to be circumferential, wherein each holding area (13, 20) projects in the radial direction over the receptacle (6) of the tool holder (34) and, with a support surface (14, 22) of the each holding area (13, 20) facing the tool holder (34), is supported against a corresponding support surface (15, 62) of the tool holder (34), wherein preferably the support surfaces (14, 15) of the bearing element (11) and of the tool holder (34) engage in each other by way of conical engagement sections and also preferably the engagement surface of the bearing element (11) is designed as an inner cone and the engagement surface of the tool holder (34) as an outer cone.
5. Device according to claim 4, characterised in that the holding area (20) of the fixation element (12) is formed by a non-destructively removable securing ring (21) which is held in a circumferential groove (23) of the fixation element (12).
6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the boring (30) of the bearing element (11) is designed as a support boring for rotationally supporting a cutting tools, wherein the cutting tool is preferably a round shank bit (32).
7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterised in that the bearing element (11) on an upper side (55) has a cutting tool firmly connected thereto, wherein preferably the cutting tool has a cutting element designed as a cutting plate, which is preferably made of a hard metal, wherein also preferably the cutting plate is in the form of a circular cutting plate (54) or a hexagonal cutting plate (57), and yet more preferably the cutting tool has several cutting plates which are designed as cylindrical cutting inserts (60), preferably made of PCD or hard metal.
8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the tool holder (34) is formed of a main holder (2) and an interchangeable holder (3), wherein the main holder (2) is preferably welded to the roller body and the interchangeable holder (3) is detachably connected to the main holder (2) and, in addition, has the receptacle (6) for receiving the bearing element (11) in positive-locking manner.
9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 characterised by a blocking device (44) which by means of a blocking section is in contact with an underside (33) of the fixation element (12) in such a way that lifting of the support surface (22) of the holding area (20) of the fixating element (12) from the support surface (62) of the tool holder (34) is blocked, wherein the blocking device (44) is preferably, by means of a holding grove (10) arranged on the tool holder (34), connected in a positively locking manner to the tool holder (34) and supported against this and also preferably has a recess (49) into which a rod-like, preferably bow-shaped, lever element (51) can be introduced in a positively locking manner, wherein a normal of the surface of a recess plane is preferably essentially aligned in parallel to a longitudinal axis (16) of the tool holder (34).
10. Device according to an one of claims 1 to 9 characterised in that the tool holder (34) is aligned on the roller body by means of an aligning element (36), wherein preferably on an upper side the aligning element (36) has at least one pin (37) which positively engages in at least one corresponding recess (38) of the tool holder (34), wherein by means of this positively locking engagement turning of the tool holder (34) relative to the aligning element (36) is blocked, wherein more preferably, on an underside the aligning element (36) has at least two nipples, which engage in corresponding recesses of a bearing block, wherein the bearing block is connected to the roller body, preferably welded thereto.
11. Device according to claim 10, characterised in that on an underside (39) facing the roller body, the tool holder (34) has a recess into which the aligning element (36) can be fully introduced so that an underside of the aligning element (46) facing the roller body is flush with the underside (39) of the tool holder (34).
12. Method of assembling a bearing element (11) for holding a cutting tool of a device for the machining and/or extracting of materials, comprising a roller body borne in a rotating manner about its longitudinal axis, at least one tool holder (34) which has a receptacle (6), the bearing element (11) with boring (30), a fixation element (12) and at least one cutting tool, wherein the fixation element (12) can be connected by way of a screw connection to the bearing element (11) in a force-transmitting manner, wherein the fixation element (12) can be arranged coaxially to the bearing element (11) and in an threaded section (27) has an external thread (28) which can be brought into engagement with an internal thread (29) of the bearing element (11), wherein the fixation element (12) has an opening (31) which is arranged centrally and in an underside (33) of the fixation element (12) and designed in such a way that it is suitable for forming a torque-transmitting positive lock connection with a screwing tool (63), wherein the bearing tool (11) can be connected by means of a positive lock connection to the tool holder (34) in several positions turned about a longitudinal axis of the bearing element (11), comprising the following process steps:

    a) The at least one tool holder (34) is connected to the roller body.

    b) The bearing element (11) and the fixation element (12) are individually arranged in the receptacle (6) of the at least one tool holder (34).

    c) The bearing element (11) is screwed to the fixation element (12).

    d) A screwing tool (63) is introduced from an upper side (7) of the tool holder (34) through the boring (30) of the bearing element (11) into the opening (31) of the fixation element (12) forming a positive lock connection therewith that enables torque transmission.
13. Method according to claim 12 characterised in that both the bearing element (11) and the fixation element (12) are introduced from the upper side (7) of the tool holder (34) into the receptacle (6) of the tool holder (34).
14. Method according to claim 12 or 13 characterised in that after introducing the fixation element (12) into the receptacle (6) of the tool holder (34), a securing ring (21) is arranged in a circumferential groove (23) of the fixation element (12) to form a holding area (20) of the fixation element (12), so that movement of the fixation element (12) in the direction of the upper side (7) of the tool holder (34) is prevented.
15. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 14 characterised in that a relative movement between the screwing tool (63) and the fixation element (12) in the direction of the upper side (7) of the tool holder is prevented by a securing pin which can be introduced into a recess (65) of the screwing tool (63).
16. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 15 characterised in that on undoing the screw connection between the bearing element (11) and fixation element (12), the latter is supported against a movement in the axial direction of the receptacle (6) of the tool holder (34) so that during the undoing of the screw connection only the bearing element (11) moves out of the receptacle (6) in a direction facing away from the fixation element (12), wherein preferably the fixation element (12) is supported in a direction facing away from the tool holder (34) by means of a blocking device (44) which is connected to the tool holder (34) in a positively-locked manner.
17. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 16 characterised in that before assembly of the tool holder (34) on the roller body, an aligning element (36) is arranged on the roller body, preferably welded thereto, and the tool holder (34) is the aligned, forming a positive-lock connection with the aligning element (36), relative to the roller body and connected in a non-positively locked manner, preferably welded, to the aligning element (36) and/or the roller body.

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