DE102010044036B4 - Building, which is arranged above a correspondingly shaped bottom recess and lowered into this bottom recess - Google Patents

Abstract

Building (2) which is arranged above a correspondingly shaped floor depression (1) and can be lowered into this floor depression (1), characterized in that a building envelope (3) has at least one roof area (4), one floor area (5) and a plurality of Outer walls (6) and a one-tier or multi-tier metal construction as the load-bearing structure, the floor recess (1) being designed as a pit, which is trough-shaped, watertight and / or has an edge region (12) that completely encircles the pit at the upper open end The roof area (4) formed as a flat roof protrudes completely circumferentially over the edge of the outer walls (6) and / or the building (2) in such a way that a roof overhang (15) is formed which corresponds to the edge area (12) of the pit and wherein a centrally arranged drive motor (18) has a plurality of edges arranged in the pit and acting on the edge of the floor area (5) drives the gear spindles.

Description

The invention relates to a building which is arranged above a correspondingly shaped bottom recess and can be lowered into this bottom recess, according to the preamble of claim 1.

The DE 28 34 294 A1 describes a building in the order of, for example, a weekend house, a garage, a garden shed, a storage room, an alpine hut and the like., The building is held over a pit provided in the ground and in this completely retractable.

The US 5,974,743 describes a building protection system in which a building is lowered by means of a plurality of hydraulic working cylinders in a pit.

The GB 2 127 879 describes a single-storey building in steel skeleton construction.

The US 4 514 950 describes a single-storey multi-storey building in steel skeleton construction.

The DE 699 03 131 T2 describes a building unit module with a lattice truss for creating complex buildings.

The US 2,189,486 describes a building structure with an independent lifting and lowering mechanism.

The US 2 693 620 describes a concealable protective building.

The invention is based on the object, compared to the prior art improved, in particular cost-effective, energy-efficient and estimated from environmental influences building, which is arranged above a correspondingly shaped bottom recess and lowered into this bottom recess to specify.

The object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a building envelope comprises at least a roof area, a floor area and a plurality of exterior walls and as a load-bearing structure a single-layer or multi-level metal construction, the floor recess being designed as a pit , which is formed trough-shaped, waterproof and / or with a pit at the upper open edge edge-side completely encircling edge region, wherein the flat roof shaped roof area at the edge completely peripherally the outer walls and / or the building surmounted such that a roof overhang is formed, which corresponds is formed to the edge region of the pit and wherein a centrally arranged drive motor drives a plurality of edge-side arranged in the pit and the edge acting on the bottom portion gear spindles drives. As a result, a relatively lightweight and stable building is possible, which can be lowered as a result of the low weight in a simple manner in the bottom well. In particular, with the metal construction, the usual shrinkage and / or deformation in other materials, such as wood, safely avoided.

From such a lowering of the building advantageously results in a saving of heating energy at low outdoor temperatures, since a heat output of the lowered building is significantly reduced. At high outside temperatures, the building is conveniently cooled in the lowered position as a result of the low ambient temperatures in the bottom well.

Particularly advantageously, the building is securely protected from vandalism in the lowered position. In this way, the building is protected against unauthorized access, for example, during prolonged absence of the resident. This may, for example, result in low insurance premiums and thus low maintenance costs. Thus, for example, only temporarily used holiday, garden or weekend cottages burglarproof retractable during non-use.

Furthermore, the building can be estimated by lowering it against environmental influences, such as storm, hurricane, tornado, earthquake and / or fire.

In an expedient embodiment, the building is arranged, for example, on a marketplace and shaped as a market hut, which can be lowered when not in use, so that a flat marketplace surface is formed. On the marketplace surface cleaned up by the retractable market huts, for example, events, such as concerts or dances, in which the market huts would disturb.

In a further expedient embodiment, an especially inner-city space can be used particularly efficiently, in which in one the first floor of a building according to the invention is a trade and / or commercial located, which is frequented during the day, while in a second floor a shop is located, which is frequented mainly in the evening and / or night hours, for example, a restaurant and / or a Bar. In this embodiment, the building can be lowered after the shop closing of the trade and / or the trade on the first floor such that the second floor is arranged with the store located there now at ground level. On the one hand, this facilitates evening or night access to the store on the second floor and, on the other hand, reduces the risk of injury when leaving the store. In the morning, the building can be raised again and thus access to the trade and / or trade on the first floor is possible.

In a further particularly advantageous embodiment, the first floor of a building according to the invention may, for example, have a retail establishment or an agency whose owner lives on the upper floors of the building, so that after business hours the building can be lowered in such a way that the retailer can access it at night, for example, by thieves, deprived and the apartment is advantageously accessible at ground level.

In an advantageous embodiment, the building is habitable by a shift worker, who returns in the morning from a night shift into the building and can lower the building into the bottom well, so that he can advantageously take his rest in total darkness. In this way, conventional darkening measures are unnecessary and a restorative sleep of the shift worker in darkness is also possible outside of a night.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the metal construction is formed as a metal framework framing on both sides. By means of the metal framework a robust support structure of the building is created, which is planked with all conventional, preferably plate-shaped materials, such as plasterboard, Faserzement-, chipboard, wood, plastic, ceramic and / or glass plates or glass elements.

In this way, the individual parts of the building, so the roof area, the floor area and the walls, modular design and combined with each other.

Within the building envelope, ie within the building, the same is expandable in a conventional manner. For example, intermediate walls and / or ceilings can be arranged in the building envelope.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the metal construction is composed of a plurality of plate-shaped sandwich components. In such a conventional sandwich component, several layers of different materials with different properties are combined to form one component. This allows particularly lightweight and rigid components that are particularly useful as a wall, roof or floor of the building. In particular, at least one material of the sandwich component may be formed as an insulating material and form a simple and efficient thermal insulation of the building, which is advantageously integrated in the wall, the roof or the floor of the building.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the metal construction is formed from a steel material and / or a steel alloy. This allows for easy processing of the metal structure of the building, as conventional, field-proven machine tools and processing technologies are applicable.

Particularly advantageously, the building envelope or the entire building can be prefabricated with the interior and can be delivered as a component to a construction site and mounted within a very short time.

According to the invention, the bottom recess is designed as a pit, which is trough-shaped, watertight and / or formed with a rim which completely surrounds the pit at the upper end. Due to the trough-shaped design of the pit a simple seal, for example, against rising groundwater, allows. The pit can be formed, for example, from at least one precast concrete part.

Due to the watertight construction and sealing of the pit, the lowered building inside the pit is protected from water.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the roof area shaped as a flat roof projects peripherally over the walls and / or the building in such a way that a roof overhang is formed, which is formed corresponding to the edge area of the pit. In a non-lowered state of the building such a roof overhang protects the outer walls of the building from the weather and in a lowered state of the building, the roof overhang lies flush on the edge region of the pit. As a result, above the recessed building, in particular on the flat roof, a flat surface is formed. This flat surface can adapted to the environment of the building. For example, a surface of the flat roof can be planted, paved, provided with a bitumen layer or it can be a swimming pool and / or a sun terrace built on the flat roof. For this purpose, the flat roof can be walked on and / or made accessible to vehicles.

In a further advantageous embodiment, at least one sealing element is arranged in the edge region of the pit and / or on the roof overhang, this sealing element completely circumscribing the pit and / or the building, so that in the lowered state of the building the area between the edge region of the pit and the roof overhang is sealed is. As a result, the lowered into the pit building is sealed so that overflow of the flat roof of the building with water, which exits for example due to a flood from a stream or river, is allowed, so that the lowered into the pit building is located flood-protected and only after drainage of the flood can be moved undamaged and dry from the pit. The arranged between the edge region of the pit and the roof overhang sealing element is formed for example as a conventional lip or labyrinth seal that the sealing element and the resulting lowered building a water coverage of for example 10 m safely over a period of several weeks.

In a further particularly advantageous embodiment variant, the building can be lowered into the pit by means of a lifting device operated hydraulically, pneumatically, mechanically and / or electromotively. Thus, preferably all known from the prior art and proven lifting devices, such as hydraulically or pneumatically actuated lifting cylinder or punch, threaded spindles or scissors gear, applicable.

According to the invention, a centrally arranged drive motor drives a plurality of gear spindles arranged on the edge side in the pit and acting on the bottom area at the edge. Thus, the gear spindles are space-saving edge of the pit, arranged for example in corresponding recesses. By using a preferably centrally arranged drive motor a simple, space-saving and cost-effective drive of the gear spindles is made possible, which in particular requires a small amount of control effort. Particularly advantageously eliminated in this embodiment, a synchronization of multiple drive motors with each other.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the drive motor is coupled to a battery and / or an emergency generator, whereby a lowering of the building is made possible even during a power failure.

In a further particularly advantageous embodiment, the supply and disposal lines of the building are flexible, elastic and / or arranged by means of a device for longitudinal compensation between the building and a supply shaft in the pit. As a result, a supply of the building with electrical energy, liquid or gaseous fuels and / or water and disposal of the process water in both the retracted position and in the non-recessed position of the building safely possible. Due to the flexible and / or elastic design of the supply and disposal lines between the building and the supply shaft in the pit separation of the supply and disposal lines during lowering or raising the building is avoided.

In a further particularly advantageous embodiment, conventional check valves are integrated into the supply and disposal lines of the building. Thus, a building interior is safe from backflow of the media routed in the supply and disposal lines of the building.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Show:

1 schematically a side view of a arranged above a bottom recess building in a raised state,

2 schematically a side view of a arranged in a bottom recess building in a lowered state,

3 schematically a plan view of a pit with a plurality of lifting devices and a drive motor, and

4 schematically a side view of a partially arranged in a bottom recess multi-level building in a partially lowered state.

Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

2 schematically shows a side view of a over a bottom well 1 disposed building 2 in a raised state in a sectional view.

2 schematically shows a side view of a over a bottom well 1 arranged building 2 in a lowered state in a sectional view.

The bottom recess 1 is designed as a conventional excavation, which can be created by a excavation of soil in a surface of a property.

The building 2 is cuboid with a rectangular plan and preferably designed as a multi-level residential and / or commercial building. In non-illustrated alternative embodiments, the building 2 with any, for example, round or L-shaped plans produced. The building 2 includes a building envelope 3 , which encloses a building interior on all sides. The building envelope 3 is from a roof area 4 a floor area 5 and a plurality of exterior walls 6 educated. In the outer walls 6 are openings for conventional windows 7 and / or doors 8th arranged. The interior of the building can be extended as in a conventional building, ie with intermediate walls and / or ceilings and the rest of the interior. This is advantageously an interior of the building 2 with the many commonly used embodiments and materials.

The roof area 4 is designed as a flat roof and stiffened so that it is walkable and / or passable. The roof area 4 may be on its top with an artificial or natural topping 14 be provided. Not shown in detail, the roof area 4 be provided on its upper side with a trough in which a natural coating 14 is introduced in the form of soil, in which soil plants are sown. In a further embodiment, the top of the roof area 4 be paved or on the top of the roof area 4 There are a swimming pool and a sun terrace. The roof area shaped as a flat roof 4 towers over the outer walls 6 and / or the building 2 Completely circumferential on the edge such that a roof overhang 15 is formed.

The floor area 5 is the basic framework for the entire building 2 formed and directs the forces acting on him evenly into the building envelope 3 and the entire building 2 one.

The building envelope 3 is formed as a single or in an alternative embodiment multi-ply metal construction. In this case, the metal construction may be formed in a manner not shown as a conventional metal framework. In this case, differently shaped metal carrier form and / or material fit to a basic framework of the building envelope 3 assembled. The metal supports can be designed as conventional T-beams, double-T beams or hollow profiles with rectangular or square cross-section. This skeleton of the building envelope 3 is then plankable both on the outside and on the inside with all conventional, preferably plate-shaped materials. Such conventional plate-shaped materials are for example plasterboard, gypsum fiber, fiber cement, chip, wood, wood fiber, plastic, ceramic and / or glass plates or glass elements.

In an alternative, not shown embodiment, the metal construction of the building envelope 3 composed of a plurality of plate-shaped sandwich components. In such a conventional sandwich component, several layers of different materials with different properties are combined to form one component. In this case, at least one material of the sandwich component can be designed as an insulating material and a simple and efficient thermal insulation of the building 2 form, which advantageously in the building envelope 3 is integrated.

In one embodiment of the invention can roof area 4 , Floor area 5 and the outer walls 6 each formed of a sandwich component and modular to the building envelope 3 be assembled.

In a further embodiment, the roof area 4 , the ground area 5 and the outer walls 6 be formed from a plurality of sandwich components.

The metal construction of the building envelope 3 is preferably formed from a steel material and / or a steel alloy. This allows easy processing of the metal construction of the building envelope 3 Since conventional, multi-proven machine tools and processing technologies are applicable.

Particularly advantageously, the building envelope 3 or the entire building 2 with the interior remodeling away from in the vicinity of the bottom well 1 arranged construction site, for example, in a factory hall, vorfertigbar. That way, the building can 2 or at least the building envelope 3 irrespective of weather conditions and thus built to a consistent quality and then delivered to the construction site as a component and assembled in a very short time.

The bottom recess 1 is designed as a conventional pit. In this pit is a watertight tub 9 arranged. The tub 9 is cast in reinforced concrete or made of precast concrete. This includes the tub 9 a pit floor 10 and several pit walls 11 , It is at the lowest point of the pit floor 10 a conventional suction device 26 arranged. This suction device 26 includes a suction or bilge pump, not shown, for pumping possibly into the tub 9 Incoming water and a pipe to the pumped out water from the tub 9 to transport outside. The pump is preferably from outside the building 2 accessible, so arranged above ground, or within the tub 9 arranged.

A floor plan of the tub 9 is corresponding to the floor plan of the building 2 educated. A depth of the tub 9 is corresponding to the height of the building 2 educated. The tub 9 has at its upper open end a cantilevered or L-shaped edge region 12 which serves to over the external dimensions of the building 2 projecting roof overhang 15 of the roof area 4 in the lowered state of the building 2 take. The border area 12 runs around the tub 9 at its upper end at the edge completely. Due to the waterproof training is the tub 9 sealed against rising groundwater. Furthermore, the tub 9 in a conventional manner against floating, for example by means of lateral ground anchors 13 be assured.

The border area 12 the tub 9 and the roof overhang 15 are formed corresponding to each other. In the non-lowered condition of the building 2 protects the roof overhang 15 thus the outer walls 6 of the building 2 from the weather and when the building is lowered 2 is the roof overhang 15 flush on the edge area 12 the tub 9 on. This is above the sunken building 2 , as in 2 represented, a flat surface formed. This flat surface can be attached to the surroundings of the building 2 be adjusted. For example, a surface of the flat roof can be planted, paved, provided with a bituminous layer or it can be a swimming pool and / or a sun terrace on the flat roof to be built.

In one embodiment variant is in or at the edge area 12 the tub 9 a sealing element 16 arranged. In an alternative embodiment is on the roof overhang 15 a sealing element 16 arranged. In a particularly advantageous embodiment variant is both at the edge region 12 the tub 9 as well as on the roof overhang 15 one sealing element each 16 arranged. Here is the sealing element 16 the tub 9 and / or the building 2 fully encircling, so that in the lowered state of the building 2 the area between edge area 12 the tub 9 and the roof overhang 15 is sealed. As a result, this is in the tub 9 lowered buildings 2 sealed so that overflowing the roof area 4 of the building 2 with water and / or mud, which exits for example due to a flood from a stream or river, is allowed, so that in the tub 9 lowered buildings 2 Flood-proof is arranged. After a flood, the undamaged and dry building can 2 from the tub 9 be moved up.

That between the edge area 12 the tub 9 and the roof overhang 15 arranged sealing element 16 is for example formed as a conventional lip or labyrinth seal. Such a sealing element 16 For example, it keeps a water level of 10 m safely over a period of several weeks, resulting in the lowered building 2 such water cover will survive safely as a result of a flood.

Not shown in detail is laterally on the floor area 5 of the building 2 circumferentially arranged a sealing element, by means of which in the raised state of the building 2 the penetration of water and dirt between mine wall 11 and outer wall 6 in the tub 9 safely avoided. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, in addition to the sealing element on the floor area 5 of the building 2 a correspondingly shaped sealing element or a correspondingly shaped sealing region at the upper open end of the trough 9 be arranged or integrated.

3 schematically shows a plan view of a tub 9 with several lifting devices 17 and a drive motor 18 ,

Edge of the tub 9 are in the area of mine walls 11 several lifting devices 17 arranged. In the in 3 embodiment shown are the lifting devices 17 in separate in the pit walls 11 introduced recesses 19 arranged.

By means of lifting devices 17 is the building 2 in the tub 9 lowered. The lifting devices 17 are hydraulically, pneumatically, mechanically and / or driven by electric motor. Thus, preferably all known from the prior art and proven lifting devices 17 , For example, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated lifting cylinder or punch, threaded spindles or scissors gear, for raising and lowering of the building 2 applicable.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the central drives in the tub 9 arranged drive motor 18 a plurality of edges in the tub 9 arranged and edge on the floor area 5 of the building 2 acting lifting devices 17 on, which are designed as gear spindles. These gear spindles can, as in 3 shown, space-saving edge in the tub 9 in corresponding recesses 19 be arranged. By using a single drive motor 18 is a simple, space-saving and cost-effective drive the gear spindles allows. The drive motor 18 acts in each case by means of a chain gear 20 on each gear spindle. In this case, the drive motor 18 directly on the chain transmission 20 acting or with the interposition of other transmission 21 the chain transmission 20 drive. This requires a particularly low control effort, since in this embodiment, a synchronization of multiple drive motors with each other advantageously eliminated. The drive motor 18 is designed as a conventional electric motor.

For example, for maintenance or repair work on the lifting devices 17 , the drive motor 18 , the gears 20 and 21 or the suction device 26 to reach is in the ground area 5 a closable opening 27 , For example, a flap arranged.

Around the building 2 to be able to enter even when lowered, is always in the roof area 4 and in the ground area 5 each floor at least one closable opening 27 arranged as an emergency access. The lockable opening 27 in the roof area 4 is waterproof sealable, for example, as a flap with circumferential seal formed. The lockable opening 27 in the ground area 5 between two floors 24 . 25 allows entry to the lower floor when the building 2 is lowered and inside the building 2 no corresponding staircase is provided.

The of the lifting devices 17 applied force to lift the building 2 becomes punctiform in the ground area 5 initiated. The as the basic frame for the entire building 2 shaped floor area 5 directs the forces acting on it evenly into the building envelope 3 and the entire building 2 one.

In one embodiment, not shown, the drive motor 18 coupled with a battery and / or an emergency generator. This causes a lowering of the building 2 and a resulting protection of the building 2 weather conditions even in the event of a power failure.

The supply and disposal lines 22 of the building 2 are flexible, elastic and / or by means of a device for longitudinal compensation between the building 2 and a supply shaft 23 in the tub 9 arranged. By means of the supply and disposal lines 22 is the building 2 supplied with electrical energy, liquid or gaseous energy carriers and / or water both in the retracted position and in the non-retracted position. In addition, by means of supply and disposal lines 22 the disposal of the service water. Due to the flexible and / or elastic design of the supply and disposal lines between the building 2 and the supply shaft 23 in the tub 9 can be a separation of the supply and disposal lines 22 during the lowering or raising of the building 2 be avoided.

Into the supply and disposal lines 22 of the building 2 are integrated conventional non-illustrated check valves. As a result, the inside of the building is reliably protected against backflow of the media routed in the supply and disposal lines of the building.

In an embodiment not shown, the building 2 by means of the supply and disposal lines 22 connectable to an external heating module. This heating module is outside the tub 9 above or below ground, for example, arranged in a container and supplies the building 2 with heating energy and hot water.

Not shown in detail is the building 2 provided with a conventional ventilation system, which allows a continuous or temporary replacement of the used air inside the building. This advantageously makes it possible to live in the lowered building.

4 schematically shows a side view of the sections in the bottom recess 1 arranged multi-level building 2 in a partially lowered state in a sectional view.

In operation is a multi-layered building 2 in sections in the tub 9 lowered, that a first floor 24 completely in the tub 9 is arranged while a second floor 25 is arranged at ground level. Thus, the first floor 24 accessible only from the inside of the building, but against access from outside the building 2 safely protected. An access to the second floor 25 is in this position of the building 2 relieved, because the second floor 25 now accessible at ground level.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

bottom well

2

building

3

building envelope

4

roof

5

floor area

6

outer wall

7

window

8th

door

9

tub

10

pit floor

11

pit wall

12

border area

13

ground anchor

14

covering

15

Roof overhang

16

sealing element

17

lifting device

18

drive motor

19

recess

20

chain transmission

21

another gear

22

Supply and disposal lines

23

accommodation shaft

24

first floor

25

second floor

26

suction

27

lockable opening

Claims (7)

Building ( 2 ), which above a correspondingly shaped bottom recess ( 1 ) and in this bottom well ( 1 ) is lowerable, characterized in that a building envelope ( 3 ) at least one roof area ( 4 ), a ground area ( 5 ) and a plurality of outer walls ( 6 ) and as a supporting structure comprises a single or multi-layered metal construction, wherein the bottom recess ( 1 ) is formed as a pit, which trough-shaped, waterproof and / or with a pit at the upper open end edge peripherally completely circumferential edge region ( 12 ) is formed, wherein the roof area formed as a flat roof ( 4 ) peripherally completely surrounding the outer walls ( 6 ) and / or the building ( 2 ) surmounted such that a roof overhang ( 15 ), which corresponds to the edge region ( 12 ) of the pit is formed and wherein a centrally arranged drive motor ( 18 ) a plurality of edges arranged in the pit and the edge of the bottom area ( 5 ) acting transmission spindles drives. Building ( 2 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal construction is formed as a double-plankable metal truss. Building ( 2 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal construction is composed of a plurality of plate-shaped sandwich components. Building ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metal construction is formed of a steel material and / or a steel alloy. Building ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the edge region ( 12 ) of the pit and / or on the roof overhang ( 15 ) at least one sealing element ( 16 ), this sealing element ( 16 ) the pit and / or the building ( 2 ) completely rotates, so that in the lowered state of the building ( 2 ) the area between edge area ( 12 ) of the pit and the roof overhang ( 15 ) is sealed. Building ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the building ( 2 ) by means of a hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical and / or electric motor operated lifting device ( 17 ) can be lowered into the pit and lifted out of the pit. Building ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply and disposal lines ( 22 ) of the building ( 2 ) flexible, elastic and / or by means of a device for longitudinal compensation between the building ( 2 ) and a supply shaft ( 23 ) are arranged in the pit.

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