WO2015139935A1

WO2015139935A1 - Multi-storey residential building

Info

Publication number: WO2015139935A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/054182
Authority: WO
Inventors: Horst Hoeck; Hans Sebastian VON BERMUTH; Michael Hoeck
Original assignee: Gnt Gesellschaft Für Nahrungsmitteltechnologie Mbh
Priority date: 2014-03-20
Filing date: 2015-02-27
Publication date: 2015-09-24
Also published as: DE102014103852A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-storey residential building comprising a supporting structure (1) which is erected using frame construction and which forms a building structure consisting of cells (2) of the same size. A plurality of residential units (3) are arranged in the building structure, each unit consisting of a bathroom (4) and at least one stairwell (5) with a supply shaft (9) for water pipes and electrical lines. The stairwell (5) has a partition wall (6) erected from precast concrete parts, at least one single-storey staircase (7) and at least one landing (8). The supply shaft (9) is arranged on the rear side of the partition wall (6). The bathrooms (4) consist of prefabricated wet rooms (10) equipped with sanitary appliances. According to the invention, the cells (2) of the building structure have a square layout. The wet rooms (10) are arranged next to the supply shaft (9) of the stairwell (5), wherein the staircase (7), the landing (8), the supply shaft (9) and two wet rooms (10) complete one cell (2) of the building structure. The landing (8) extends across the lateral length of one cell (2) of the building structure, wherein an access for a residential unit (3) is provided at both ends of the landing (8). The ceilings of the residential units (3) are assembled from prefabricated ceiling elements (16) which are rectangular in shape and the long side of which corresponds to the lateral length of one cell (2) of the building structure.

Description

Multi-storey residential building

Description:

The invention relates to a multi-storey residential building with a built in skeleton structure, which forms a cell of the same size building structure, wherein arranged in the building structure a plurality of residential units, each with a bathroom and at least one staircase with a supply shaft for water pipes and electrical lines are. The stairwell has a dividing wall built of precast concrete elements, at least one storey high staircase and at least one landing. The supply shaft is arranged at the rear of the partition wall of the staircase. Furthermore, the bathrooms consist of prefabricated and equipped with sanitary facilities wet cells. The sanitary facilities are connected to the arranged in the supply shaft supply lines.

Prefabricated concrete parts for multi-storey residential buildings are usually determined in practice with regard to their dimensions and designs individually for the construction project. The degree of standardization of precast concrete elements is low in residential construction. It is considered that multi-storey residential buildings constructed using standardized parts are similar in terms of their layout, the layout of the living space and their visual appearance.

There is a need for high-quality and at the same time inexpensive living space in multi-storey residential buildings. Last but not least, there is a lack of affordable housing for university students and students in university towns. Building plots for such residential buildings, if they are available close to the city, have different sizes and blanks. There is a need to provide multi-storey residential buildings for inner-city areas

which are as variable as possible in terms of their layout, have functional living units and are architecturally appealing. It should also be possible to provide residential units with different living space within a multi-storey residential building.

Against this background, the present invention seeks to provide a multi-storey residential building, which can be built from prefabricated and standardized elements with a short construction time and variable definitions with respect to the floor plan, the size of the building and the size and size of the housing units. Despite extensive standardization of the components used, the size and layout of the residential building should allow for adaptations to existing inner-city properties.

The object of the invention and solution of this problem is a multi-storey residential building according to claim 1.

The invention relates to the further development of a multi-storey residential building with the features described above. According to the invention, the cells of the residential building structure in plan form a square. The wet cells are arranged next to the supply shaft of the staircase, the staircase, the landing, the supply shaft and two wet cells fill a cell of the building structure. The landing extends over the side of a cell of the building structure, with an access for two residential units is provided at both ends of the landing. Thus, the staircase opens in each floor level two residential units, whose living space of the base of a cell of the building structure or a double or multiple of these

Area corresponds. The floors of the residential units are composed of prefabricated ceiling elements, which are rectangular in plan and whose long side of the side length of a cell corresponds to the building structure. Within the scope of the concept according to the invention, three cells form the smallest functional unit in a projectile plane. This functional unit can be extended by further cells which increase the living area of the residential units by the base area of another cell or an integral multiple of this area. Under the requirement that low-cost housing should be created, the housing units expediently have an area size of a maximum of three cells plus the area for a wet room. The residential building may comprise a plurality of functional units, each having a staircase with a supply shaft and adjacent to the stairwell wet cells in each floor level. The height of the functional units is variable and can have several storey levels. The arrangement of the functional units and cells can be set variably. Within the scope of the concept according to the invention, it is possible to provide both very compact residential buildings which have a plurality of functional units arranged side by side in each floor. However, the invention also makes it possible to design branched residential buildings which have free spaces between the functional units. Any free spaces have a footprint that corresponds to the footprint of a cell or a multiple of the cell. The inventive design of a multi-storey residential building based on prefabricated components, especially precast concrete parts, in standard dimensions that allow transport in standard containers, especially ISO containers. Standard containers are shipping containers for shipping, which is a transport chain

through land and water without having to tranship at ports and / or stations. The prefabricated parts are particularly adapted to standard containers in the size 20ft. Typical interior dimensions (L x W x H) in millimeters are 5710 x 3952 x 2385, although in practice these dimensions may vary slightly due to different series. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the square outline of the cells forming the building structure has a maximum side length of 5.5 m, so that the carriers designed as precast concrete elements can be transported with standard containers for the construction of the building structure or cells. Accordingly, the dimensions of the prefabricated ceiling elements for the formation of the floor slabs, the precast concrete parts for the construction of the partition of the staircase, the precast concrete parts for external walls, partitions and the like are set so that these elements are transported by standard containers by sea and by land can. Only wet cells and precast precast concrete elements must be transported by special transporters.

The footprint of the staircase is about half the floor area of a cell of the building structure. The remainder of the base area of this cell is used for the supply shaft arranged at the rear of the dividing wall and two wet cells. The space requirement for the supply shaft is small, so that approximately one quarter of the base area of a cell remains for one wet cell.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the floors of the residential units are designed as climatic ceilings, wherein the ceiling elements for the floor slabs are designed as precast concrete elements and contain a cast in concrete piping arrangement for heating or cooling water. At the

Perimeter of the precast concrete parts are arranged connections for connection of the pipe assembly with supply lines.

The piping arrangement preferably comprises in each case at least one pipe for the supply and the return of heating or cooling water and connected to the flow and the return pipe coils. Appropriate connections are provided on at least one long side of the ceiling elements as well as on the short sides of the ceiling elements in order to connect the pipe arrangement with the piping arrangement of an adjacent ceiling element or with supply lines of the supply shaft depending on the installation situation. The prefabricated ceiling elements considerably simplify the erection of the floor slabs. The prefabricated concrete parts only have to be inserted into the building structure predetermined by the structure. The pipe connections of the cast in the ceiling elements piping arrangements are arranged in a predetermined pattern, so that depending on the installation situation, a connection to an adjacent ceiling element is possible or the pipe assembly can be connected to the supply lines installed in the supply lines.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the ceiling elements on its upper side a footfall sound insulation and applied to the impact sound insulation flooring for a residential unit of the above the ceiling element subsequent floor level. The impact sound insulation also fulfills a heat-insulating function. The floor surface of the upper storey floor level is sound insulated as well as sound insulated by the impact sound insulation. The energy transferred from the climatic ceiling is released downwards on the ceiling surface into the underlying storey level. Within the scope of the invention

It is essential that the ceiling elements including the impact sound insulation and flooring arranged thereon are provided as prefabricated components. As a result, the work of the individual trades can be minimized in the construction of the residential building.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the ceiling elements consist of precast concrete parts, wherein at least one built-in pot for a lamp and at least one electrical line or a conduit for an electrical installation are cast in the precast concrete part. The electrical installation and the piping arrangement for heating or cooling the ceiling element can be realized simultaneously in a ceiling element. In the ceiling element further inspection opening and / or recesses may be arranged for connecting technical devices. In the structure manufactured as precast concrete wall elements are arranged, which form partitions or outer walls and may contain openings for doors or windows. The intermediate walls or outer walls have given by the building structure predetermined external dimensions. In the structure window elements are arranged, which have according to a preferred embodiment of the invention as prefabricated elements a shading device and an electrical installation for operating this device. The window elements are transported including the shading device and electrical installation as prefabricated components to the site and inserted there in the building structure. The term "shading device" includes in particular Venetian blinds, which may be arranged protected between glass panes of the window element.

The structure has supports, wherein a part of the supports is supported on a floor surface and wherein according to a preferred embodiment of the invention further supports have a length adapted to the topography of the terrain and are supported on individual foundations. The base plate covers only a small part of the floor space of the residential building and can be provided with standardized external dimensions. The bottom plate expediently has a bottom opening for supply lines assigned to the supply shaft. The residential units begin according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in the first floor level. The space between the first floor level and the ground can be used as an open space, especially as a parking area for vehicles and two-wheelers.

In the following the invention will be explained with reference to a purely exemplary embodiment drawing. It show schematically

Fig. 1 greatly simplifies the building structure of a multi-storey

Residential building, Fig. 2 shows the floor plan of a floor level of an inventive

Residential building,

3a to 3k steps in the establishment of a floor level of

Residential building,

4a shows the bottom view of a ceiling element for the residential building according to the invention,

4b is a longitudinal section through the ceiling element,

Fig. 4c is a section through the ceiling element in the sectional plane

A-A of Fig. 4b. The invention relates to a multi-storey residential building with a built in skeletal structure 1, which forms according to the illustration in Fig. 1, a cell 2 of the same size existing building structure. In the building structure, a plurality of residential units 3, each with a bathroom 4 and at least one staircase 5 are arranged with a supply shaft for water pipes and electrical lines. From a comparative consideration with Fig. 2 it is clear that the stairwell 5 has a built of precast concrete partition 6, at least one floor-high staircase 7 and at least one landing 8 has. The supply shaft 9 is arranged at the rear of the partition 6. The baths 4 consist of prefabricated and equipped with sanitary facilities wet cells 10.

The cells 2 of the building structure form a square in plan. The wet cells 10 are arranged next to the supply shaft 9 of the staircase 5, wherein the staircase 7, the landing 8, the supply shaft 9 and the paired wet cells fill a cell 2 of the building structure. As shown in Fig. 2, the landing 8 extends over the side length of a cell 2 of the building structure, wherein at both ends of the landing 8 an access for a residential unit 3 is provided. Thus, the staircase 5 opens in each floor level two residential units 3, whose living area corresponds to the base of a cell 2 of the building structure or a double or multiple of this area. Within the scope of the inventive concept, three cells 2 form the smallest functional unit of a projectile level. These

Functional unit can be extended by further cells, which increase the living area of the residential units 3 by the base area of another cell or an integral multiple of this area. From a comparative examination of FIGS. 1 and 2, it can be seen that the residential building can comprise a plurality of functional units each having a staircase 5 with a supply shaft and adjacent wet cells 10 in each floor. The height of the functional units is variable and can have several storey levels. The extension of the cells 2 can be set variably. Within the scope of the concept according to the invention, it is possible to provide both very compact residential buildings which have a plurality of functional units arranged side by side in each floor. However, the invention also allows the design branched residential buildings, as shown by the example of Figs. 1 and 2, wherein between the functional units free spaces 1 1 are present. The free spaces 1 1 have a base area, which also correspond to the base of a cell 2 or a multiple of the cell 2.

The square outline of the building structure forming cells 2 has a side length of less than 5.5 m. Preferably, a side length of about 5 m. The structure 1 is built from prefabricated precast concrete 12. In the building structure outer walls 13, partitions 14, window elements 15 and ceiling elements 16 are inserted. The wall elements 13, 14 and ceiling elements 16 are also produced as precast concrete parts. The dimensions of the bar-shaped and flat elements are chosen so that the prefabricated parts can be transported in 20 ft transport containers by sea and land without transshipment in seaports and / or at railway stations.

In Figs. 3a to 3k the Arbeitssch rites are shown in the construction of the first floor level of a residential building. The structure 1 has already been built to the first floor level. The staircase 5 has a built of precast concrete partition 6, a floor-high staircase 7 and a landing 8 on. At the back of the partition 6, a supply shaft 9 is provided for water-carrying lines and electrical cables. The structure 1 has supports 17. The illustration in FIG. 3 a shows that a part of the supports 17 is supported on a concrete slab 18 and that further supports are supported on individual foundation elements 19. On the structure 1 of the ground floor level ceiling elements 16 are placed (Fig. 3b). These are also prefabricated concrete elements, which are rectangular in plan and whose long side corresponds to the side length of a cell 2 of the building structure. According to the illustration in FIG. 3 c, vertical supports 17 for the structure of the first storey level are erected in the following work steps, and outer walls 13 and partitions 14 consisting of precast concrete elements are erected. In a subsequent working step (FIG. 3d), supports 20 are placed to complete the supporting structure 1 and window elements 15 are inserted into the building structure. The window elements 15 can already have shading devices and electrical installations for actuating these devices as prefabricated elements. In the assembly step illustrated in FIG. 3e, a dividing wall 21 is erected, which is arranged between the wet cells 10 of the two housing units 3. Thereafter, the prefabricated wet cells 10 are inserted into the building structure and the supply shaft 9 continued in the first floor level, the sanitary facilities of the wet cells 10 are connected to supply lines within the supply shaft 9 (Fig. 3f). As shown in Fig. 3g prefabricated kitchen units 22 can be placed and through openings 23 of the

Between wall 14 forming wall element to supply lines within the supply shaft 9 are connected. Subsequently, the erection of the dividing wall 6 bordering the stairwell is continued and filling elements 25 are inserted into the building structure (FIG. 3h). Already now doors 26 are suitably used in prepared openings of the wall elements (FIG. 3i). In the next assembly step, a storey-high staircase 7 and a landing 8 are used (FIG. 3j). Also, the staircase 7 and the landing 8 are prefabricated concrete parts. Finally, the ceiling elements 16 can be placed on and connected to prepared connectors 27 with each other and with the landing (Fig. 3k). The assembly work is then repeated for the second storey level and, where appropriate, for additional storey levels. The floors of the residential units 3 are designed as Klimadecken. The ceiling elements 16 are made of precast concrete and contain a cast in the concrete pipe assembly 28 for heating or cooling water. At the periphery of the ceiling elements 16 connections 29 are provided for connection of the pipe assembly 28 with supply lines within the supply shaft. According to the sectional view in Fig. 4c, the pipe assembly 28 comprises at least one pipe 30 for the flow and a pipe 31 for the return of heating or cooling water and to the flow 30 and the return line 31 connected pipe coils 32. Both at least one long side the ceiling element 16 and on the short sides of the ceiling elements 16 connections 29 are provided to connect the pipe assembly 28 depending on the installation situation with the piping arrangement of an adjacent ceiling element 16 or with supply lines of the supply shaft 9.

According to the sectional illustration in FIG. 4b, the ceiling elements 16 have on their upper side a footfall sound insulation 33 and a floor covering 34 applied to the impact sound insulation for a residential unit 3 in the floor above the ceiling element 16.

The ceiling elements 16 are made of precast concrete parts, wherein in the precast concrete part at least one built-in pot 35 for a lamp and at least one electrical line 36 or a conduit for an electrical installation are cast (Fig. 4a). Furthermore, 16 inspection openings 37 and / or recesses for connecting technical devices can be arranged in the ceiling elements.

Claims

claims:

1 . Multi-storey residential building with a skeleton structure (1), which forms a cell (2) of the same size building structure, wherein in the building structure a plurality of residential units (3) each with a bathroom (4) and at least one staircase (5) with a supply shaft (9) for water-bearing pipes and electric cables are arranged, wherein the staircase (5) constructed of precast concrete partition (6), at least one floor-high staircase (7) and at least one landing (8), wherein the supply shaft (9 ) is arranged on the rear side of the dividing wall (6) and wherein the baths (4) consist of prefabricated wet cells (10) equipped with sanitary appliances, characterized in that the cells (2) of the building structure form a square in the plan view that the Wet cells (10) next to the supply shaft (9) of the staircase (5) are arranged, the stairway passage (7), the landing (8), the supply shaft (9) and two wet cells (10) fill a cell (2) of the building structure that the landing (8) extends over the side of a cell (2) of the building structure and at both ends of the landing (8) an access for a residential unit (3) is provided, and that the floors of the housing units (3) made of prefabricated

Ceiling elements (16) are composed, which are rectangular in plan and whose long side of the side length of a cell (2) corresponds to the building structure.

2. Residential building according to claim 1, characterized in that the square outline of the building structure forming cells (2) has a side length of less than 5.5 m.

3. Residential building according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base of the staircase (5) is about half the base area of a cell (2).

4. Residential building according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the floor slabs of the residential units (3) are formed as climatic ceilings, wherein the ceiling elements (16) are designed for the floor slabs as precast concrete elements and cast in the concrete piping arrangement (28) contain for heating or cooling water and wherein at the periphery of the precast concrete connections (29) for connecting the pipe assembly (28) with supply lines within the supply shaft (9) are provided.

5. Residential building according to claim 4, characterized in that the pipe arrangement (28) in each case at least one pipe (30, 31) for the flow and the return of heating or cooling water and to the flow (30) and the return line (31) connected Including pipe coils (32).

6. Residential building according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that both at least one long side and on the short sides of the ceiling elements (16) connections (29) are provided to the pipe assembly (28) depending on the installation situation with the piping arrangement of adjacent ceiling element (16) or to connect with supply lines of the supply shaft (9).

7. Residential building according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the ceiling elements (16) on its upper side a footfall sound insulation (33) and on the impact sound insulation (33) applied flooring (34) for a residential unit (3) in the above of the ceiling element (16) has subsequent floor level.

8. Residential building according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the ceiling elements (16) consist of precast concrete, wherein in the precast concrete at least one Einbautopf (35) for a lamp and at least one electrical line (36) or a conduit for a Electrical installation are cast.

9. Residential building according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the ceiling elements (16) inspection openings (37) and / or recesses for connecting technical devices are arranged.

10. Residential building according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the supporting structure (1) manufactured as precast concrete wall elements are arranged, the intermediate walls (14) or outer walls (13) form.

1 1. Residential building according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the supporting structure (1) window elements (15) are arranged, which have as a prefabricated elements a shading device and electrical installation for the operation of this device.

12. Residential building according to one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that the supporting structure (1) supports (17), wherein a part of the supports on a bottom plate (18) is supported and wherein further supports

have a length adapted to the topography of the terrain and are supported on individual foundation elements (19), and in that the bottom plate (18) has a bottom opening for supply lines associated with the supply shaft (9).