DE102008047792B4 - door drive - Google Patents

Abstract

Sliding door (1) for automatic and / or manual operation with a movable door leaf (2) which has a running surface, and in a lower guide (5) by means of rollers, the axis of which lies in the horizontal direction and in or on an upper guide (4th ) is guided by means of brushes and is operated by a microprocessor control / regulation in which various programs for operating the sliding door (1) are stored in non-volatile memories, and that a drive unit is provided which has a measuring wheel and a drive wheel (6) , which is in operative connection with a geared motor and a coupling device (10), characterized in that a counter wheel (8) is provided which is arranged on the side of the door leaf (2) opposite the measuring wheel (7), the door leaf (2) between the counter wheel (8) and drive wheel (6) can be moved by friction and the door leaf (2) is permanently guided by the measuring wheel (7) and counter wheel (8).

Description

The invention relates to a sliding door for automatic and / or manual operation with a movable door, as well as a rail vehicle with such a sliding door.

There are different sliding doors in the market, whether straight or in curved form, which can be used for a wide variety of applications. These known sliding doors require a large space for their construction and the drive in the upper area. In addition, it is difficult in confined spaces to make such sliding doors easy to install and easy to maintain. This requires that such sliding doors could not be used in particular in confined spaces. Because the sliding doors on the market are powered by belts, ropes or timing belt, which in addition to a grollen installation space also brings a certain susceptibility to wearing parts with it. In the belt or rope drives beyond also a tensioning device is available for the drive means. Such clamping devices are readjusted with decreasing voltage of the drive means. In addition to high frictional forces such drives cause high wear on the rotating or moving parts of the drive and thus only a short life. In addition, the energy used is consumed mainly for overcoming frictional resistance. The known sliding doors are suspended above rollers or the like on the door leaf and run in a corresponding profile. At the bottom, the door leaf is guided laterally by a rail or the like. The drive is either manual or driven by a motor or by pneumatic cylinders. In a fault, such doors can be made in a manual operation only with an immense force or not at all.

The DE 42 07 058 C2 describes a method for controlling an automatic sliding door with a learning function. In this document does not provide an optional manual operation.

The DE 43 32 301 C2 discloses a powered sliding door, wherein the transmission between the drive and door leaf is switched on and disengaged. This can be switched between manual and automatic operation. The sliding door is suspended, which takes up a lot of space in the vertical direction. The force is transmitted via tooth or worm wheels. Especially with curved doors, this solution means a high design effort. The contact force is applied in the vertical direction on the door. A special guide of the door is not specified.

The DE 81 35 350 U1 discloses a curved powered door leaf. The door leaf is guided by rollers hanging on a rail. In addition, the door leaf is driven by a door attached to the drive profile by means of a friction wheel. This embodiment has the disadvantage that on the one hand a roller guide above the door leaf and beyond an additional profile for driving the door leaf is provided. The hanging led door leaves a lot of space. This is especially detrimental to requirements in which only a low ceiling height is available, and yet to ensure a maximum high door opening. To guide the door, a stationary roller is provided which guides the door leaf in a U-profile.

A disadvantage of the proposed implementations of the optionally manually as well as automatically driven sliding doors according to the prior art are that the drive unit and sliding door guide device constitute separate components, and therefore require a lot of space, in particular in a vertical extent.

The object of the invention is to provide a sliding door which can be both automatic and. The sliding door is intended for a variety of applications, both in the mobile can be operated manually and a minimum of space claimed, which can be easily and quickly mounted and dismantled in a small footprint, and these for a variety of applications, both in the mobile area and in immobile Area, should be usable.

The object is solved by the features specified in claims 1 and 20.

The dependent claims form advantageous developments of the invention.

According to the invention, the drive unit comprises a mating gear and a measuring wheel, the door leaf being guided permanently between the measuring wheel and the drive wheel. In the automatic drive case, the drive wheel is also on the door leaf. The intended wheels or wheels for the drive are very low maintenance and need only be adjusted very rarely.

The permanent guidance of the door leaf between the counter wheel and the measuring wheel has the advantage that the door is guided in a very easy operation in manual mode, on the other hand, the door position is detectable even in manual operation, which allows a mixed operation. Due to direct guidance and the direct drive on the door leaf, the vertical installation height is significantly reduced, which significantly improves the ratio of room height to usable doorway height. This fact plays a major role, especially in the mobile sector, as there are only relatively small room heights available.

It is also advantageous that the drive wheel, only in the coupled case establishes a connection between the door leaf and the engine. This ensures low-friction and energy-efficient operation.

Thus, as a solution, a simple, efficient and energy-saving drive a sliding door proposed, which in dual, d. H. can be used simultaneously manual and automatically driven usage. For example, if the drive energy fails, the sliding door can be manually operated fully functional. In addition, it is also possible that in a non-given power failure, the sliding door can still be operated manually. Only by a conscious operation, such as a button, a drive unit is activated, which ensures automatic operation of the sliding door.

Such a sliding door, which may have a straight or curved course, can therefore be used in particular in confined spaces. This can also be a version in the mobile sector, for example, in rail-bound vehicles. Especially in such a cramped execution, it is necessary that the person using the room does not panic and has the security that such a sliding door also retains its full functionality manually.

By using the counter wheel, the measuring wheel and the drive wheel, synergies are optimally utilized. Drive wheel, measuring wheel and mating wheel, in this way the guide form the optional drive and the position monitoring of the door in a drive unit. In this way, an energy-efficient and low-maintenance form of a sliding door is specified in a simple constructive way, which allows maximum space utilization.

The door leaf preferably runs on two adjustable rollers, which are embedded in the door wing at the bottom and are guided on or on a rail in the floor area. Such a guide rail can be embedded in the ground or mounted with a low height on the ground. So it is possible that this rail also provides no obstacle, for example for wheelchairs.

The upper guide of the sliding door via two lateral brushes on the door leaf, which are held for example in a profile. These brushes are preferably supported against a U-profile, which is designed as an upper guide profile. This U-profile is mounted over the entire doorway on the ceiling or via attachments to a wall. As already stated, the drive unit is a compact unit which is mounted in the middle of the entire travel path on the upper guide profile.

The modular drive unit consists essentially of the modules of a drive wheel, an adjustable counter wheel, a pressing unit and a measuring wheel. All modules are mounted on a mounting plate in mutual relation to each other and thus form a module that can be used unchanged or with small variations for a variety of drives. The drive wheel is for example a single drive wheel, which is driven by an electric geared motor. The gear motor with the drive wheel is mounted on a rocker and can be pressed by a pneumatic or electrical unit against a metallic tread in the upper part of the door leaf. The aforementioned abutment to the drive wheel forms the mating gear, which is located on the side opposite the drive wheel side of the metallic tread. Thus, it is possible that by means of this mating wheel, a horizontal alignment of the door leaf takes place and a clean run is ensured in the upper guide.

The measuring wheel is equipped with appropriate sensor technology. It has proven to be advantageous that such a measuring wheel is designed sprung. In the embodiment, the running speed will thus determine the exact position of the door leaf and forward for processing to a microprocessor control / regulation.

Furthermore, for the end positions "open" and "closed" sensors may be present, which are fixed as fixed reference points at both ends of the upper guide, for example.

In addition, a locking unit is provided on the door, which can be operated both manually and automatically.

Another central component is the microprocessor control / regulation. This is preferably also present in the region of the drive module, so as to meet simple maintenance or accessibility requirements. This microprocessor control can be programmed for all conceivable functions according to the requirements and set by parameters. A status display shows the current status. So it is also possible to make visible the incidents with the status display. Furthermore, the microprocessor control / regulation has separate inputs for external signals.

Thus, such a sliding door according to the invention combines the advantages of a manual, as well as a powered door, on the one hand ensure the comfort of a driven door and on the other hand, the safety of operation in manual function. In addition, resource conservation through low material usage as well as efficient energy consumption and a longer shelf life of the wear parts are added. This is because the wear parts of the drive unit are reduced to a necessary minimum. Such a drive unit is designed to be interchangeable as a module and moreover consists of individual modules, so that for various applications, assemblies can be used unchanged. For example, the drive unit can be used for various door widths and even for right and left-opening door leaves without modification.

The field of application of such a sliding door can be, for example, a WC cabin finish or shower stall closure or the like both in the immobile and in the mobile area. Especially for use in rail vehicles, this type of sliding door offers great advantages. Thus, the drive is not energized in idle state and thus is not in contact with the door leaf. This facilitates a dual operation in that in this constellation, the door can always be moved freely manually. However, it is also possible with the same arrangement to operate such a door automatically, which is a great relief especially for disabled people.

Precisely because of the duality of this sliding door, it is possible that the use of the powered sliding door brings relief for disabled people. However, even for non-disabled elderly people offers the opportunity to operate such a door in a conventional manner, namely manually. This discrepancy between people with disabilities and those who are not disabled has further developed the trend towards manual doors, especially in public facilities. This was due to the fact that due to the cramped installation situation, no fully automatic door could be installed, but this is readily possible with the present invention sliding door.

So a quasi-mixed operation is possible in which the sliding door has been opened manually but was not further closed by the person. Due to the intelligent microprocessor control it is possible that the door automatically moves to the closed end position after this period of time after an adjustable period of time. Thus, the advantages of a manual as well as a powered door are ensured by the comfort of a driven door and the safety of operation in manual operation precisely by the sliding door according to the invention.

Further advantages, features and possible applications of the invention will become apparent from the following description in conjunction with the embodiment shown in the drawings.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawing. In the specification, claims, abstract and drawings, the terms and associated reference numerals used in the list of reference numerals recited below are used. Show it:

1 a schematic diagram of a sliding door in plan view, in a closed position and non-active position of a drive unit;

2 as 1 but in an open position;

three a schematic diagram of a sliding door in which the closed door is driven by a drive unit;

4 as three but in the open position.

In 1 becomes one with the reference sign 1 designated schematic representation of a sliding door in plan view reproduced. In this embodiment, it is a curved sliding door, but the invention can also be applied to an embodiment of a straight sliding door.

Inside a lower guide rail 5 is by means not shown relief a door leaf 2 moved on the marked circular path. It is also an upper guide rail 4 available, so that the door 2 has a clean leadership. On the right side of the door leaf 2 is a fitting three shown, which allows a closure 9 to bring from a closed position to an open position. The closure 9 However, it is also designed so that it can be automatically brought via a not shown microprocessor control / regulation in a locking position and in an open position. This can be done for example by pressing a button, a sensor or the like.

A drive unit, in which in the 1 individual modules are arranged schematically consists essentially of a drive wheel 6 that with a mating wheel 8th interacts, which on a profile part - drive surface - on the door leaf 2 running up and on the door 2 is attached. The drive unit also includes a coupling unit 10 and a measuring device 7 , In the presentation of the 1 the drive unit is not active, as the door leaf 2 manually over the fitting three can be operated. For example, a good interaction between the drive wheel 6 , which is designed as a friction wheel, with the mating gear 8th to reach is the counter-wheel 8th and also the drive wheel 6 designed so that it is adjustable, for example via an eccentric.

The coupling unit 10 can be both pneumatic when it comes to track-bound vehicles. However, it is also possible to form these electrically. Through the coupling unit 10 becomes the drive wheel 6 against a drive surface, not shown, on the door leaf 2 in the area of the counter-wheel 8th pressed. Thus, by the rotational movement of the drive wheel 6 a movement of the door leaf 2 along the guide rails 4 and 5 be performed.

To get an exact position of the door leaf 2 Determining the entire route is the measuring device 7 available. The measuring device 7 For example, it can be a measuring roller that is sprung so as to be able to compensate for possible slippage. However, it is also possible that the measuring device consists of an incremental encoder or a sensor element measuring from another path.

In the 2 is opposite the 1 the door has been brought into the open position by manual operation. This was the door 2 by manual force between the lower guide rail 5 and the upper guide rail 4 postponed. In this position can behind the door 2 For example, the door can be entered manually after entering the room 2 again in the closed position according to the 1 to be brought.

The automatic operation and thus the movement of the door leaf 2 About the drive unit is in the three and 4 played.

In the three will be the door 2 after an automatic unlocking of the closure 9 via the drive unit, namely the drive wheel 6 , which is against the door 2 and thus in connection with the mating wheel 8th is pressed between the guide rails 4 and 5 emotional. The pressing of the drive wheel 6 against the guide surface, not shown, thereby accomplishes the coupling unit 10 ,

In the 4 will be the door 2 reproduced in the open position.

For example, automatic operation may be initiated by a request of a disabled person by pressing a button on the wall or the like. At this moment, the drive unit is switched on, so that the drive wheel 6 the door leaf 2 from the closed position brings out. If the person is the room behind the door 2 on the one hand, the door can close automatically, but it is also possible that this again another button or the like is operated. The door leaf 2 closes automatically and the locking device in the form of the closure 9 also automatically locks the door leaf 2 , However, it is also possible that this another button or the like is operated so that no other person can enter the room. To leave the room, the person again actuates the button and the door leaf 2 goes into the open position. Furthermore, it is possible that before opening the door leaf for safety reasons, the unlocking of the door is actuated by another button or the like.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

sliding door

2

door

3

fitting

4

Guide rail above

5

Guide rail below

6

drive wheel

7

measuring device

8th

counter wheel

9

shutter

10

coupling unit

Claims (20)

Sliding door ( 1 ) for automatic and / or manual operation with a movable door leaf ( 2 ) having a tread, and in a lower guide ( 5 ) by means of rollers whose axis lies in the horizontal direction and in or on an upper guide ( 4 ) is guided by brushes and is operated by a microprocessor control / regulating, in the non-volatile memory different programs for the operation of the sliding door ( 1 ) and that a drive unit is provided, which has a measuring wheel and a drive wheel ( 6 ), which with a geared motor and a coupling device ( 10 ) is operatively connected, characterized in that a mating gear ( 8th ) provided on the, the measuring wheel ( 7 ) opposite side of the door leaf ( 2 ) is arranged, wherein the door ( 2 ) between mating wheel ( 8th ) and drive wheel ( 6 ) is movable by friction and the door ( 2 ) permanently by measuring wheel ( 7 ) and counter-wheel ( 8th ) to be led. Sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that the brushes for the upper guide ( 4 ) on or in the door ( 2 ) are attached. Sliding door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the counter-wheel ( 8th ) is adjustable. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring wheel is preferably spring-loaded. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive unit is designed as a replaceable module. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual modules of the drive unit are mounted on a mounting plate. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gear motor with the drive wheel ( 6 ) on the movable coupling unit ( 10 ) is mounted. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling unit is used pneumatically or electrically or mechanically. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive unit is designed as a friction wheel drive. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive unit in the middle of the path of the door leaf ( 2 ) is mounted. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive wheel ( 6 ) in engagement with the door leaf ( 2 ) against a preferably metallic tread of the door leaf ( 2 ) is pressed. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter-wheel ( 8th ) opposite the drive wheel ( 6 ) is in communication with the preferably metallic tread. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive unit on the upper guide ( 4 ) is mounted. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by the measuring device ( 7 ) or the end positions "closed" and "opened" are detected by separate sensors. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door leaf ( 2 ) in the closed position by a manual operation of the fitting ( three ) or by an automatic locking unit ( 9 ) is sealed and unlocked. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the door ( 2 ) or on a stationary part an indication of the locking position is present. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door leaf ( 2 ) forms a conclusion of a toilet cubicle or a shower cubicle or a dressing room or the like. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding door ( 1 ) is used in the mobile area in rail vehicles or in the immobile area in buildings. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door leaf ( 2 ) is bent. A railbound vehicle having a space which is closable by a sliding door according to the preceding claims.

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