DE102008043330A1 - Wheel suspension for motor vehicle, has transverse link together with longitudinal link forming single-piece spring-loaded suspension arm module with integrated wheel carrier, and spring-damper unit connecting carrier with vehicle structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The suspension (1) has longitudinal and transverse links (4, 5) designed as torsionally flexible bars for connecting a wheel carrier (3) with a vehicle structure. The wheel carrier is rotatably supported at a vehicle wheel (11), and a spring-damper unit (13) connects the wheel carrier with the vehicle structure. The transverse link together with the longitudinal link forms a single-piece spring-loaded suspension arm module (2) with the integrated wheel carrier. The longitudinal link includes an elastically deformable waveform between the wheel carrier and the vehicle structure.

Description

The The invention relates to a suspension for a Vehicle, with a wheel carrier on which a vehicle wheel is rotatably mounted, at least one as flexurally elastic strut trained wishbone, by means of which the wheel carrier connected to a vehicle body, at least one as flexurally elastic Strut trained trailing arm, by means of which the wheel carrier connected to the vehicle body, and at least one Spring and / or damper comprehensive suspension component, by means of which the wheel carrier connected to the vehicle body is.

The DE 36 37 663 C2 discloses an independent suspension for road vehicles with an associated with the wheel upper arm and a lower Radführungsglied in the form of at least one wheel carrier against the vehicle body supporting longitudinal leaf spring, being provided as an additional lower Radführungsglied a wishbone, which is either formed as a leaf spring and fixed with the longitudinal leaf spring is connected or formed as a rigid component and is hinged to the longitudinal leaf spring. In this case, the front end of the longitudinal leaf spring on the vehicle body is transversely displaceable and the rear end mounted by means of a ball joint on the vehicle body. Furthermore, the upper arm is on the one hand on the wheel and on the other hand mounted on the vehicle body ball joint-like.

Regularly there is a need, the manufacturing and assembly costs to lower. The invention is therefore based on the object, a Develop the suspension of the type mentioned in such a way that they are manufactured as cheaply as possible and can be mounted.

These Object is according to the invention with a suspension solved according to claim 1. Preferred developments of Invention are given in the subclaims.

The Inventive suspension for a Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, has a wheel carrier, on which a vehicle wheel is rotatably mounted, at least one formed as flexurally elastic strut wishbone, by means of which the Wheel carrier is connected to a vehicle body, at least a trained as flexurally elastic strut trailing arm, by means of which the wheel carrier connected to the vehicle body is, and at least one a spring and / or a damper comprehensive suspension component, by means of which the wheel carrier is connected to the vehicle body, wherein the wishbone together with the trailing arm a one-piece Spring link module forms with integrated wheel carrier.

By the integrated design of the wheel carrier with the trailing arm and wishbone formed spring link module is the number of components of the Inventive suspension in comparison significantly reduced to conventional suspension. The assembly of the suspension of the invention is very simple and therefore inexpensive possible. Furthermore, the manufacturing costs are due to the small number of components reducible.

Prefers has the trailing arm between the wheel and the vehicle body on an elastically deformable waveform, so that the trailing arm by deformation of the waveform in particular is variable in its length. Through the waveform can a favorable for the driving dynamics comfort Stiffness of the suspension in the longitudinal direction be achieved. The desired stiffness of the suspension in the transverse direction can be realized by the flexurally elastic wishbone become. Furthermore, the wishbone and the trailing arm allow the Compression of the vehicle wheel relative to the vehicle body. This takes place the compression movement according to the corresponding Wheel lift curves. Both the wishbone and the trailing arm contribute to the stiffness of the suspension in vertical Direction, so that a suspension spring of the suspension weaker can be designed. The tracking stability is preferred by the dimensioning of the handlebars and by the type of attachment the ends of the handlebars facing away from the wheel carrier on the vehicle body certainly.

The Longitudinal direction (x-direction) is preferred in or parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction, the transverse direction (Y direction) preferably runs in or parallel to the vehicle transverse direction and the vertical direction (z-direction) is preferable in or parallel to the vehicle vertical direction. The longitudinal direction, the transverse direction and the vertical direction run in particular perpendicular to each other. The trailing arm preferably extends in or substantially in the longitudinal direction. Further extends the wishbone preferably in or substantially in the transverse direction or at an angle to this. The suspension component preferably causes a damping and / or cushioning of Movement of the wheel carrier with a deflection of the vehicle opposite the vehicle body in or substantially in the vertical direction or at an angle to this.

The Suspension component is preferred in its length variable. In particular, in the suspension component the spring and the damper to a spring-damper unit summarized.

The trailing arm may be connected to the vehicle body by means of a hinge or rubber mount. Preferably, the trailing arm is in Ab stood rigidly attached to the wheel carrier to the vehicle body and / or firmly clamped to this. The clamping is preferably carried out by a positive attachment of the trailing arm to the vehicle body, such. B. by screwing the trailing arm to the vehicle body, in particular by means of one or more screws. Preferably, the trailing arm is bolted to the vehicle body fixed position.

The Spring link module can only have a trailing arm, the starting from the wheel carrier in particular in or against the longitudinal direction preferably forward, d. H. in the direction of travel, extends. Preferably, the inventive Wheel suspension but designed as a flexurally elastic strut second trailing arm, by means of which the wheel carrier is connected to the vehicle body, with the trailing arm in particular in opposite directions from the wheel carrier extend away. The second trailing arm is preferably in one piece formed with the spring link module and forms in particular a Part of it.

Prefers has the second trailing arm between the wheel carrier and the vehicle body to an elastically deformable waveform, so that the second trailing arm due to deformation of the waveform especially in its length is variable. According to one Embodiment is the wheel so in the longitudinal direction arranged between the trailing arms, in particular each comprise an elastically deformable waveform.

Of the second trailing arm can by means of a joint or rubber bearing be connected to the vehicle body. The second is preferred Trailing arm but at a distance to the wheel rigid attached to the vehicle body and / or firmly clamped to this. The clamping is preferably carried out by a form-fitting Attachment of the second trailing arm to the vehicle body, such as B. by screwing the second trailing arm to the Vehicle body, in particular by means of one or more screws. Preferably, the second trailing arm is on the vehicle body fixed in position screwed.

Of the Wishbone is preferably plate-shaped and in particular, has no waveform. Because of its elasticity Training, the wishbone under load but a curved Course, such. B. an S-beat, accept.

Of the Wishbone can by means of a joint or rubber mount with the vehicle body be connected. Preferably, the wishbone but at a distance to the wheel carrier rigidly attached to the vehicle body and / or firmly clamped to this. The clamping is preferably carried out by a positive attachment of the control arm to the vehicle body, such as B. by screwing the wishbone to the vehicle body, in particular by means of one or more screws. Preferably the wishbone is bolted to the vehicle body positional solid.

According to one Embodiment, the handlebars are completely or partially formed material homogeneous with each other. The wheel carrier is preferably integral with the Spring link module formed and forms in particular a part thereof. Preferably, the spring link module can be in a transaction. According to one embodiment are the handlebars with the wheel completely or partially material homogeneous educated.

Prefers is firmly connected to the spring link module, a holder on which the Suspension component attached and / or supported is. The holder is preferably integral with the spring link module formed and forms in particular a part thereof. According to one Embodiment is the holder with the wheel and / or completely or partially formed material-homogeneous with the handlebars. Preferably the holder comprises a sleeve or clamping sleeve, the z. B. slotted, wherein the suspension component is absorbed by the sleeve. The wheel carrier, the holder, the wishbone and the trailing arm (s) are preferably combined in a single transaction.

According to one Embodiment, the wheel carrier comprises a bottom, the holder and two side walls extending between the bottom and the holder, the together with the bottom and the holder an interior of the wheel carrier limit. The formed from holder and sidewalls wheel carrier profile is in particular U-shaped. The stabilizing sidewalls the wheel carrier are for strength reasons in particular connected to the ground, which is preferably formed as a bottom plate is, in particular, runs horizontally. Preferably form the wheel carrier and the holder are one unit and are dimensionally stable connected with each other. In particular, the holder joins to the wheel carrier.

The spring link module is preferably a plastic component and consists in particular of fiber-reinforced plastic. According to one embodiment, the spring link module is made of a fiber composite material. In particular, the spring link module consists of a plastic with continuous fibers. According to one embodiment, the spring link module is made by deep drawing of plastic, which is reinforced in particular with fibers. The plastic is z. B. in the form of plates or Mats before. As plastic for the Federlenkermodul a thermoset or a thermoplastic is preferably used. As fibers for the spring link module z. As glass fibers or carbon fibers used. Thus, the spring link module, for example, a carbon fiber composite material or a glass fiber composite material. The spring link module can also be manufactured using a prepreg process. The shaping of the final spring link module z. B. in a pressing tool. By using plastic for the spring link module, the weight of the suspension according to the invention can be reduced, so that it is particularly easy to train.

Of the Wheel carrier is preferably a plastic component and consists in particular of fiber-reinforced plastic. According to one Embodiment is the wheel carrier made of a fiber composite material produced. In particular, the wheel carrier consists of a plastic with continuous fibers. According to one embodiment the wheel carrier produced by deep drawing of plastic, which is reinforced in particular with fibers. Plastic is z. B. in the form of plates or mats. As plastic for the wheel carrier is preferably a thermoset or a thermoplastic used. As fibers for the wheel carrier be z. As glass fibers or carbon fibers used. Thus exists the wheel carrier, for example, from a carbon fiber composite material or of a glass fiber composite material. By use Plastic for the wheel carrier can reduce the weight reduced the suspension of the invention become.

Of the Wheel carrier is preferred together with the spring link module made, in particular from one piece. According to one Alternative is the wheel carrier to the spring link module attached by plastic spraying (molded), z. B. using a thermoplastic, or by plastic welding attached (welded). Thus, you can Wheel carrier and spring link module initially separately manufactured from each other or partially manufactured and then cohesively be connected to each other. The wheel carrier and the spring link module exist preferably from the same material, but may also be made from consist of different materials. In particular, the wheel carrier attributed to the spring link module.

In the wheel carrier is preferably integrated a stiffening element, which consists in particular of metal. The stiffening element, which also referred to as Radträgerkonsole or insertion unit can preferably connects the side walls with the Bottom of the wheel carrier. Furthermore, a wheel bearing, Sensors and / or connections for the caliper provided and / or fixed to the stiffening element or become.

At the Jounce describes the wheel carrier usually a curved Train. In the process, the vehicle wheel should collapse, if possible but not or only slightly inclined. Out For this reason, the wheel carrier is preferred over a flexurally elastic area associated with the handlebars, in particular Part of the spring link module is. When compressed pushes the Suspension component against the wheel carrier, then due to the flexurally elastic range of the handlebars turn and / or pivot relative to them. Such a flexurally elastic range can z. B. by a material thinning in the spring link module, similar to a film hinge, will be realized.

In the spring link module may have one or more piezoelectric Be integrated actuators. In particular, these sit in the handlebars of the spring link module. Thus, it is possible in the spring link module compensate or at least reduce occurring vibrations by the one or more piezoelectric actuators the vibrations counteract the spring link module, in particular by impressing a counter-vibration in the spring link module. Preferred may the actuators deform the spring link module and thereby execution of (counter) vibrations.

Of the Structure of the suspension of the invention is according to a possible embodiment designed such that by stretching the waveform or waveforms both a vertical deflection and displacements of the wheel carrier Can be done in the vehicle longitudinal direction. there The stretching of the waveform or waveforms has a maximum Border, so additional stops or yourself stiffness-progressive behaved additional components not required are. Moves the wheel carrier, in particular in the middle part of the spring link module, in the vertical direction, so describe the handlebar preferably a bow shape, z. B. in the form of a crescent. The maximum stretched length of the handlebars describes the end of the progression. The winding of the wave contours is thus a measure of the maximum travel in vertical Direction. The outer ends of the trailing arm are preferably fixed in position fixed to the vehicle body, in particular screwed. The wishbone points at a deflection in vertical Direction in particular the shape of a S-beat on and contributes additionally for vertical stiffness. The stiffness of the suspension in particular about the cross section and the contour set the spring link module. Preferably, the suspension of the invention sufficient stiffness in x, y and z direction, so that three rotatory degrees of freedom can be locked or become.

x-stiffness:

realization through the wave profile of the trailing arm or transverse stiffness of the control arm.

y-stiffness:

longitudinal stiffness of the wishbone plus transverse rigidity of the trailing arm or links. The latter proportion can also be negligible be.

z-stiffness:

bending stiffness (and with two waveforms additionally the longitudinal stiffness) of the trailing arm plus bending stiffness of the control arm. Depending on the version still occurs the stiffness of the suspension spring or Added coil spring for vertical support, especially if only one trailing arm is present. The ratio of z and x stiffness is different dependent, but can be about the thickness and width ratios the wave ranges or waveforms are adjusted.

x-rotation (rotation about longitudinal axis):

blocking by the strut or by the suspension component.

y-rotation (rotation about transverse axis):

blocking by the strut or by the suspension component. By the or the elastic trailing arm, however ensures that z. B. at longitudinal forces for reasons of comfort, an x-displacement at the wheel center is possible.

z-rotation (rotation about vertical axis):

In front- and after-tracking stability. Blocking by longitudinal and wishbone. In particular, the dimensions of the width and Lock the height of the trailing arm and / or control arm this rotation.

The Falling behavior of the suspension according to the invention is preferably analogous to the behavior of a McPherson axis.

The Track behavior under lateral force is particularly due to the location the wishbone determined. The further the wishbone opposite the wheel axle is offset against the direction of travel, the larger is the toe. The further the wishbone opposite the Wheel axle is offset in the direction of travel, the larger is the aftermarket.

By the preferred direct connection of the handlebars to the vehicle body, especially without joints or movable bearings, are few wearing parts in the suspension of the invention available.

includes the suspension of the invention only a trailing arm, so is the suspension component preferably formed by a spring-damper unit. has the suspension according to the invention, however two trailing arms, the suspension spring of the spring-damper unit can be omitted, so that the suspension component only a damper includes.

Prefers includes the waveform of the trailing arm or at least half a wavelength and thus at least one wave belly or a trough. According to another embodiment however, the waveform includes at least one wavelength.

The Invention further relates to an axle for a vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, with a vehicle body and two wheel suspensions, each one wheel, on which a vehicle wheel rotatable is mounted, at least designed as a flexurally elastic strut Wishbone, by means of which the wheel carrier with the vehicle body is connected, at least one designed as a flexurally elastic strut Trailing arm, by means of which the wheel carrier with the vehicle body is connected, and at least one a spring and / or comprising a suspension component comprising a damper, by means of which the wheel carrier connected to the vehicle body is, with the wishbone together with the trailing arm a one-piece spring link module with integrated wheel carrier forms. The wheel suspensions of this axle are in particular to wheel suspensions according to the invention, so they all according in this regard described embodiments may be developed.

The Wishbone of the two suspensions of the invention Axes are preferably coupled together, in particular firmly together connected and / or integrally formed with each other. Preferably, the two wishbones together form a transverse leaf spring, which is stored in particular one or more times on the vehicle body.

Two wheel suspensions according to the invention can thus be combined to form one vehicle axle. A roll stabilization of the axis is z. B. achieved in that the wishbone of the two suspensions are connected together and in particular form a piece. The part formed from the wishbones is preferably mounted twice on the vehicle body. In particular, the part formed by the control arms forms a transverse leaf spring. In addition or alternatively, the roll stabilization but also by a metal stabilizer he be targeted. This couples z. B. the two spring link modules together and is stored in particular on the vehicle body.

The Invention will be described below with reference to preferred embodiments described with reference to the drawing. In the drawing demonstrate:

1 a perspective view of a suspension according to a first embodiment of the invention,

2 a perspective view of a stiffening element according to the first embodiment,

3 a schematic plan view of the suspension according to 1 .

4 a schematic rear view of the suspension according to 1 .

5 a perspective view of a suspension according to a second embodiment of the invention,

6 a schematic plan view of the suspension according to 5 and

7 a schematic rear view of the suspension according to 5 ,

Out 1 is a perspective view of a suspension 1 According to a first embodiment of the invention can be seen, wherein a one-piece spring link module 2 a wheel carrier 3 , a trailing arm 4 , a wishbone 5 and a strut mount 6 includes. The wheel carrier 3 has a floor 7 and two side walls 8th and 9 on, standing between the floor 7 and the holder 6 extend and together with the ground 7 and the holder 6 an interior 10 of the wheel carrier 3 limit. Further, on the wheel carrier 3 a vehicle wheel 11 around a wheel axle 12 rotatably mounted. The strut mount 6 is sleeve-shaped and takes a spring-damper unit 13 on that in the holder 6 plugged in and is firmly clamped in this.

The trailing arm 4 has a waveform extending in the direction x 14 , where x denotes the longitudinal direction of the vehicle to which the suspension 1 is provided. The forward direction of travel F of the vehicle is here opposite to the x-direction. In the distance to the wheel carrier 3 has the trailing arm 4 a mounting area 15 on, in which two through holes 16 are provided for securing the trailing arm 4 on the vehicle body 17 (please refer 3 ) serve. The wishbone 5 extends from the wheel carrier 3 in the vehicle transverse direction y, wherein the central longitudinal axis 18 of the control arm 5 to the wheel axle 12 has an offset S in the direction of travel F, which is the Nachspur of the wheel 11 determined under lateral force. Furthermore, the wishbone 5 at its the wheel carrier 3 opposite end of a mounting area 19 with two through holes 20 on, used to attach the wishbone 6 on the vehicle body 17 serve.

The spring link module 2 includes a flexurally elastic region 28 in which the handlebars 4 and 5 in the wheel carrier 3 pass. The bending elastic area 28 allows pivoting of the wheel carrier 3 around a dashed line indicated axis 29 which runs parallel or substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis x. Further, in the handlebars 4 and 5 each a piezoelectric actuator 30 integrated to compensate for disturbing vibrations.

The wheel carrier 3 includes a stiffening element 21 , which consists in particular of metal and in perspective 2 is apparent. The stiffening element 21 has approximately the shape of a diagonally divided cube or cuboid, which is hollow inside. In the stiffening element 21 are holes 31 vorgehsehen for attachment of a wheel bearing. There is also a breakthrough 32 for carrying out a wheel drive shaft available. The stiffening element 21 is in the wheel carrier 3 integrated.

Out 3 is a schematic plan view and off 4 a schematic rear view of the suspension 1 to 1 it can be seen, the spring-damper unit 13 a shock absorber 22 and a suspension spring 23 includes.

Out 5 is a perspective view of a suspension 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention, wherein identical or similar features to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment. The difference between the first and the second embodiment is in particular that the suspension 1 according to the second embodiment in addition to the front trailing arm 4 a second, rear trailing arm 24 having a waveform extending in the longitudinal direction x 25 includes. Also the rear trailing arm 24 indicates at its the wheel carrier 3 opposite end of a mounting area 26 with two through holes 27 on, for attachment of the trailing arm 24 on the vehicle body 17 serve. Further, in contrast to the first embodiment, the offset S is negative (opposite to the direction of travel F), so that under lateral force a toe of the wheel 11 is produced.

Out 6 is a schematic plan view and off 7 a schematic rear view of the suspension 1 to 5 can be seen, wherein the suspension spring according to the first embodiment is omitted, so that instead of a spring-damper unit, only a shock absorber 22 between the holder 6 and the vehicle body 17 extends. For further description of the second embodiment, reference is made to the description of the first embodiment.

1

Arm

2

Spring link module

3

wheel carrier

4

(Front) Trailing arm

5

wishbone

6

Strut bracket

7

ground of the wheel carrier

8th

Side wall of the wheel carrier

9

Side wall of the wheel carrier

10

inner space of the wheel carrier

11

vehicle

12

wheel axle

13

Spring-damper unit

14

waveform

15

fastening area

16

hole

17

vehicle body

18

central longitudinal axis of the control arm

19

fastening area

20

hole

21

stiffener

22

shock absorber

23

suspension spring

24

(Rear) Trailing arm

25

waveform

26

fastening area

27

hole

28

loaded flexible Area

29

bending axis

30

actuator

31

hole

32

breakthrough

S

offset

F

direction of travel

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 3637663 C2 [0002]

Claims (15)

Wheel suspension for a vehicle, with a wheel carrier ( 3 ) on which a vehicle wheel ( 11 ) is rotatably mounted, at least one designed as a flexurally elastic strut wishbone ( 5 ), by means of which the wheel carrier ( 3 ) with a vehicle body ( 17 ) is connected, at least one designed as a flexurally elastic strut trailing arm ( 4 ), by means of which the wheel carrier ( 3 ) with the vehicle body ( 17 ), at least one wheel suspension component comprising a spring and / or a damper ( 13 ), by means of which the wheel carrier ( 3 ) with the vehicle body ( 17 ), characterized in that the wishbone ( 5 ) together with the trailing arm ( 4 ) a one-piece spring link module ( 2 ) with integrated wheel carrier ( 3 ). Wheel suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that the trailing arm ( 4 ) between the wheel carrier ( 3 ) and the vehicle body ( 17 ) has an elastically deformable waveform. Wheel suspension according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the trailing arm ( 4 ) at a distance to the wheel carrier ( 3 ) rigidly on the vehicle body ( 17 ) is attached. Wheel suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an integrally formed with the spring link module and as flexurally elastic strut second trailing arm ( 24 ), by means of which the wheel carrier ( 3 ) with the vehicle body ( 17 ), wherein the trailing arm ( 4 . 24 ) in opposite directions from the wheel carrier ( 3 ) away. Wheel suspension according to claim 4, characterized in that the second trailing arm ( 24 ) between the wheel carrier ( 3 ) and the vehicle body ( 17 ) an elastically deformable waveform ( 25 ) having. Wheel suspension according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the second trailing arm ( 24 ) at a distance to the wheel carrier ( 3 ) rigidly on the vehicle body ( 17 ) is attached. Wheel suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transverse link ( 5 ) at a distance to the wheel carrier ( 3 ) rigidly on the vehicle body ( 17 ) is attached. Wheel suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an integral with the spring link module ( 2 ) trained holder ( 6 ), to which the suspension component ( 13 ) is attached. Wheel suspension according to claim 8, characterized in that the holder ( 6 ) comprises a sleeve from which the suspension component ( 13 ) is recorded. Wheel suspension according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the wheel carrier ( 3 ) a floor ( 7 ), the holder ( 6 ) and two between the ground ( 7 ) and the holder ( 6 ) extending side walls ( 8th . 9 ), which together with the ground ( 7 ) and the holder ( 6 ) an interior ( 10 ) of the wheel carrier ( 3 ) limit. Wheel suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring link module ( 2 ) is a plastic component. Wheel suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the wheel carrier ( 3 ) a metallic stiffening element ( 21 ) is integrated. Wheel suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transverse link ( 5 ) relative to the wheel axle ( 12 ) has an offset (S) in the longitudinal direction (x). Wheel suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wheel carrier ( 3 ) over a flexurally elastic region ( 28 ) with the handlebars ( 4 . 5 ) connected is. Wheel suspension according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the spring link module ( 2 ) one or more piezoelectric actuators ( 30 ) are integrated.