DE102008034116B3 - Two-piece coffin for burial or cremation of died creature, has coffin part that is completable by end parts of coffin upper part and coffin lower part, where end parts are connected with box or tub-shaped profile body - Google Patents

Abstract

The coffin (1) has a coffin part with a coffin lower part (2) for accommodating a died creature, and a coffin upper part (3) for closing the part (2). The parts are made of material consisting of polymer mixture comprising thermoplastic polymer and fiber-based filler material. The coffin part is completable by end parts (5) of the parts (2, 3), where the end parts are connected with a box or tub-shaped profile body (4). The filler material is selected from the group consisting of wood flour, wood chips, cellulose, cut up natural fibers from wood, hemp, flax, sisal, corn, cotton or grass. An independent claim is also included for a method for producing a coffin.

Description

The The invention relates to a coffin according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a method for its production.

Such coffins are known in various designs. For example, in the Scriptures DE 2 003 429 A proposed a two-part coffin, consisting of a coffin base and a coffin shell, which are each made in one piece of a foamable or castable and curable plastic. To increase the stability, it is proposed to cast a reinforcement, for example made of a flat iron, into the plastic.

Furthermore, in the Scriptures DE 100 29 746 A1 proposed a coffin intended for cremation combustion, which is composed of a wooden material consisting of wood fibers, which is pressed under high pressure without the addition of glues and binders with dehydration to a form taking a Brettgestalt profile. Here, by heating a wood fiber-water mixture lignin and hemi-celluloses are digested as natural binders. In a pressing process, the prepared, dried and ground wood fibers are pressed at about 215 ° C to hardwood fiber panels.

Furthermore, in the Scriptures EP 1 911 430 A1 proposed a coffin, which consists of a thermoplastic deformable composite material, which contains at least 70 weight percent natural substances with at least lignin and cellulose and which consists of at least one molded part produced by extrusion with subsequent deep drawing. For this purpose, a method for manufacturing is additionally proposed, which provides that first a plate corresponding to the above specifications is produced, from which in turn are produced in the deep drawing a coffin resulting moldings.

Furthermore, in the Scriptures DE 10 2004 020 543 A1 proposed a plastic coffin, which proportionately graded plastics, which has a controllable low-emission fire behavior, not rotted and wherein the coffin body and the coffin lid are made in particular one piece or optionally in modular construction, the stability enhancing reinforcing elements.

Furthermore, in Scripture DE 92 13 112.3 U1 proposed a coffin, the two-part substantially consists of a bottom or top plate, each attached to the long edges side parts, which are connected by extruded metal profiles with the bottom or top plate nestable. The remaining two short side parts are formed as a plate forming the container end-side stability generating connected to the metal profiles.

Further, in the Scriptures DE 195 00 283 A1 a method for producing articles of wood-like character - such as coffins - proposed, which is characterized in that a mixture of a renewable raw material and a biodegradable plastic and a biodegradable adhesive is generated, which in turn by heat and or pressure an article is produced or that for example by means of a kneader or extruder, a thermoplastic weiterverarbeitbares granules or powder is produced.

These Coffins However, significant disadvantages. So are suitable for a casket production Materials, which alike are pollutant-free to burn and in the ground wood comparable rot, especially in injection molding only partially processible, wherein corresponding tools are relatively large, expensive and expensive, wherein Very suitable materials were only suitable up to a certain amount Insufficient size in the injection molding process process. Coffins, which in conventional Way of individual plates through additional parts such as feet and the like added together be, are relatively expensive in the assembly. This disadvantage remains even if essentially consisting of individual panels and connection profiles Plug systems exist. Coffins, which are thermoformed from extruded sheets, can be due to the dimensions in connection with the production-related Material stretching in thermoforming process only conditionally produce. A visually appealing appearance of the coffin is not due to the shape where. The same applies to various systems of individual Plates joined together Coffins.

outgoing From this prior art, the invention is based on the object a coffin and a method to produce this, which made of plastic, has the necessary properties, which a suitable composting or rotting in the earth burial and ensures standard combustion in cremation, as well as to create a coffin, which is inexpensive from as few items together is to produce. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object to create a coffin, which in different design variants has an appealing and high-quality appearance.

The solution of this object is achieved with the characterizing features of claims 1 and 14th

The particular advantages of the invention are that the coffin invention assembled from very few individual parts very inexpensive to produce is, wherein the further embodiment of the inventive concept following Also, novel wood-substituting materials are processable, which again in the required dimen sions not by any usual Process, such as the injection molding process to be processed can. The combination according to the invention of various manufacturing and Processing method allows a in terms of material selection, technical characteristics here in particular the chemical and mechanical properties, and product quality in terms of valence optimized production.

Of the Coffin according to the invention consists at least essentially of a polymer mixture, wherein this additional However, it may also contain other constituents, such as those Metal or wood, for example metallic fittings such as closures and Brackets and decorative elements and additional stiffening elements wooden.

When For the purposes of this invention, polymer mixture is considered to be any material which contains at least one ingredient which is a polymer. present if the polymer mixture is a composite material, the at least one thermoplastic polymer and at least one fiber-based filler having.

When thermoplastic polymer (or thermoplastic) is called a polymer, which is thermoplastic, so in a certain temperature range can be reversibly deformed. Such thermoplastic polymers are in thermal forming processes good workability, such as welding, injection molding, extrusion, Calendering, blow molding or film blowing.

According to the invention are as thermoplastic polymers all suitable thermoplastic polymers can be used, for example celluloid, thermoplastic cellulose, Polyurethanes (PU), polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or polycarbonates (PC), polyamides (PA), ethylene vinyl acetates (EVA), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrenes (PS), synthetic rubbers like for example, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers (SIS), styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers (SBS) or styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers (SEES), Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyimides, Polyethers, copolyamides, copolyesters, polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or poly-α-olefins, polyacrylates or Polymethacrylates (PMMA) and their substituted derivatives, without to restrict oneself to these explanations by the choice of examples. typically, Softening or softening of such thermoplastic Polymers are approximately in a temperature range between 40 ° C and 300 ° C.

When fiber-based filler according to the invention everyone filler understood that from a course occurring material is obtained - often from plants - and the as a filler an at least substantially fibrous microscopic nature has, in particular those substances whose macroscopic nature particulate is, which thus consist of particles, which in turn consists of fibers are constructed. In addition, such fiber-based fillers may optionally also contain further ingredients. Examples of such fiber-based fillers are, without the choice of examples to these statements restrict, Wood flour, wood shavings, Pulp and shredded natural fibers of wood, hemp, flax, sisal, Corn, nettles, grasses and their modified derivatives.

Of course you can such a polymer blend in addition to the thermoplastic polymers also other formulation ingredients and / or additives include, for example, pigments, fragrances, rheological additives, Plasticizers, resins, elastomers, anti-aging agents (Antioxidants), light stabilizers, UV absorbers and other auxiliaries and additives, for example, drying agents, flow and leveling agents, disinfectants or wetting agents such as surfactants. Furthermore, the polymer mixture can be add additional polymers, such as to the properties in the desired For example, polymers such as lignin, starch or modified celluloses.

at The choice of the polymer mixture has to be taken into account that this total Naturally degradable and combustible. As a whole, of course, degradable is considered a polymer blend of which more than 50 weight percent by naturally expiring Decomposition processes can be degraded, such as in microbiological or photochemical degradation processes. When using polyolefins as a thermoplastic polymer, this is the case, for example the polymer blend is more than 50 percent by weight biological degradable fiber-based fillers exists, so that at the end of the degradation process only one - mechanical unstable - openwork Polymer matrix remains.

However, it is particularly advantageous to use thermoplastic polymers which themselves decompose in natural processes so that no polymeric residual matrix remains. Such polymers are celluloid, polyester or thermoplastic cellulose. As in this context suitable polymer blends are in particular those in DE 195 00 283 A1 . DE 196 01 912 A1 . EP 1 911 430 A1 and EP 1 129 140 B1 called polymer mixtures described.

In a continuing preferred embodiment of the subject invention, the items the coffin of a composite material, which is thermoplastically deformable is and at least a share of 70% natural substances, at least pro rata Contains lignin and cellulose, produced.

Advantageous Here is that such composites on the one hand the required have mechanical properties, continue to be suitable as others thermoplastic materials are processable and on the other hand the usual Material wood with comparable properties in relation to the Behavior during combustion and or rotting comparable can replace.

In a continuing advantageous embodiment, the profile body consists of an extruded, cut to length Strand.

Advantageous Hereby, that is the use of a cost effective Manufacturing process allows will and alike the number of items to be combined into a coffin and thus the Manufacturing effort is effectively minimized.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the profile body consists one at first extruded as plate, cut to length Strand, which is folded.

Advantageous Here is that, while maintaining the benefits already mentioned manufacturing by extrusion the cost of a corresponding tool are lower, the first produced plates in a further step at least twice to edge, which is however in the production of smaller quantities is quite advantageous.

In Further advantageous embodiments are the end parts of the casket produced by injection molding, wherein coffin feet are formed at the end portions of the casket lower part.

Advantageous here is that by injection molding suitable - too more complicated - geometries inexpensive to produce and thereby make it possible will continue to minimize the number of items of a casket.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the profile body stabilizing Elements on.

Advantageous Here is that stability of the coffin, for example, by the formation of a rib or similar to an offset as with a plate-shaped in cross-section plate material clearly increased being, these stabilizing elements in one go made with the profile body become.

In Further advantageous embodiments, the profile body the outsides the side walls ornamental profiling on, have at least individual Coffin part structures on and are at least individual coffin sub-surfaces by an additional Refined material order.

Advantageous Here is that the side walls of the coffin in one step can be decorated with their production and that the surfaces of the Advantages of the subject invention containing the most diverse Can be refined.

In Further advantageous embodiments, the coffin is in two parts, a coffin bottom part and a coffin upper part, formed or the coffin is six parts, two profile bodies and two two end parts comprising, in each case a coffin base and a coffin shell is formed composable.

Advantageous Here is that the casket is commercially available as a two-part finished product or as space-saving to transport from a few individual parts made available under easy handling composable kit can be.

In In a further advantageous embodiment, the end parts have a the profile body on the front side receiving groove.

Advantageous Here is that the installation of the coffin thereby significantly simplified and the stability elevated becomes.

According to one inventive method for the production of a coffin of the profile body as a strand with a base and two opposite each other arranged side walls made in one piece.

According to one advantageous embodiment of the inventive method for the production of a coffin of the profile body as a strand with a base and two opposite each other extruded side walls extruded.

The Advantages of the method of manufacture are already apparent from the Subject of the invention explained.

following are exemplary of several embodiments of the coffin according to the invention described with reference to the drawings:

It shows

1 - A two-part coffin invention in a perspective view

2 - a coffin according to 1 in cross section

3 - a coffin according to 1 in a detail view

4 - A profile body according to 1 with additional stabilizing elements and ornamental profiles in cross section

5 - A profile body according to the invention identical to the coffin shell and the coffin base in a partial view in cross section

6 - A profile body according to the invention with additional stabilizing elements in the region of the open edges with a separate connecting element in cross section as a detailed view

The in the 1 to 3 illustrated casket according to the invention 1 consists of two coffin parts, a coffin bottom part 2 and a coffin top 3 , The two coffin parts in turn each consist of a profile body 4 and two end parts 5 , The one-piece profile body 4 points as part of the casket lower part 2 a base area 6 and two opposite side walls disposed on the long sides thereof 7 on. Thus, the profile body 4 of the coffin lower part 2 a trough-like structure open at the ends and upwards. The open ends are each a trough-like structure resulting in an end part 5 , frontally with the profile body 4 connected closed. The coffin top 2 has a profile body analog constructed one with the oppositely disposed side walls 7 a unit forming cover surface 8th on. To the end parts 5 easier and more stable with the profile body 4 Being able to connect is at the end parts 5 a guide groove 9 intended. In addition, at the end parts 5 of the coffin lower part 2 two coffin feet each 10 educated. The decisive advantage of the proposed training of a coffin 1 lies in the fact that the assembly work in the production is reduced to a minimum, since each coffin part in each case only three parts, a profile body 4 and two end parts 5 assembled and glued advantageous system conform here. But there are also conceivable locking and screwing in principle.

The coffin according to the invention 1 is made of a thermoplastic containing a plastic material which rots without residue at the earth burial at least in permissible form or in the cremation according to at least in the permitted form residue-free relative to the actual residue and incinerator combustion emissions.

The in 4 illustrated profile body 4 points at the coffin bottom 2 additional stabilizing elements 11 on, here the base area 6 of the profile body 4 has been shifted centrally upwards, so that two of these additional stability generating webs 12 have arisen.

At the open edges of the casket parts are also stabilizing elements 11 arranged, on the one hand stiffen the coffin parts torsion safe and on the other hand protect the open edges against breakage and the like. In order to connect the coffin parts easier with each other, these are stabilizing elements 11 at the coffin bottom 2 in the embodiment 11a on both side walls 7 of the profile body 4 similarly formed only as a kind of thickening with support surface and the profile body 4 of the coffin upper part 3 in the embodiment 11b also designed as a kind of thickening with support surface, but here an additional lateral guidance 13 is provided.

On the side walls 7 are ornamental profiles 14 provided, which also advantageous with the profile body 5 be produced in one piece and the appearance aufwer th. According to this principle, there are many design options

The in 5 illustrated profile body 4 has at the opposite open edges of a coffin part different stabilizing elements 11 on. On a side wall 7 is in the design 11c on one side a positioning groove 15 and on the opposite side wall 7 is in the design 11d a positioning spring 16 arranged. By this at the coffin parts each same arrangement, it is possible for the casket lower part 2 and the coffin top 3 identical profile body 4 to use while making a positive connection between the coffin parts.

The in 6 illustrated profile body 4 corresponds in principle to that of 4 and 5 , but points to the open edges of the profile body 4 Both parts of the coffin identical stabilizing elements 11 in the embodiment 11e on. The coffin parts are connected by a connecting element 17 , which is the same length as the profile body 4 connecting the coffin parts is pushed lengthwise. The connecting springs 18 each engage in a connecting groove 19 of the coffin upper part 3 and the casket part 2 , In addition, at each of the two laterally arranged connecting elements 17 three carrying handles each 20 integrated to carry the coffin. The advantage of this embodiment lies in the simplicity of the mechanically secure connection given by the distribution of the load over the entire length and an ideal load distribution when carrying the coffin 1 , At the same time offers the separate connecting element 17 various possibilities of a visual appreciation and design of the coffin 1 through an adapted form and color.

The coffin according to the invention 1 Due to the selected combined manufacturing process offers decisive advantages in connection with the processing possibilities of so-called bio-materials, novel wood substitute materials or Polymerbelends based on natural and synthetic polymers.

The embodiment of the coffin invention 1 is made of a thermoplastic deformable composite material with a share of at least 70 percent by weight of natural material, here flax, hemp, sisal or cotton, which in turn is mixed with recycled lignin. The processing temperature is 110 to 170 ° C, the injection pressure when processing on injection molding machines is 1000 bar.

As a crucial new part of the coffin 1 become the profile bodies 4 ideally as an extruded strand in one piece the finished profile with all stabilizing elements 11 and ornamental profiles 12 comprehensively manufactured. Alternatively, the profile body 4 also initially extruded as a flat plate-like strand and then either canted over rollers and rollers or canted separately after cutting. This method is of particular advantage since the profile body 4 can be made for both coffin parts with an extrusion tool. Even if the profile body 4 of the coffin upper part 3 unlike the casket part 2 should be trained and thus two extrusion tools are needed, the tool costs are significantly lower than those for a sufficiently large injection mold in which the coffin parts could be made as a whole. Apart from the cost, the suitable materials of manufacture can not be suitably processed in the required dimensions in injection molds. During extrusion, the continuous continuous manufacturing process eliminates any cycle times and the like, and in addition to the solid material profiles, weight and material-saving air chambers having profiles, comparable to those of a so-called double-skin plate can be manufactured.

The end parts 5 are suitably made possible by the relatively small dimensions and made sense of the tool cost ago as injection molded parts. Thus, in turn, the one piece, the profile body 4 supplementary side parts with a guide groove 9 len for better connection of the items and possibly desired ornaments. Even the coffin feet 10 can be at the coffin bottom 2 associated end parts 5 in one piece with these.

The coffin according to the invention 1 can thus be produced very efficiently and inexpensively in series production, whereby the selected production processes are optimally adapted to the material-specific requirements, such as processing properties, mechanical properties and appearance of the surfaces. Depending on the configuration, two identical profile body can be 4 and four equal end parts 5 to a coffin with the same coffin bottoms 2 and coffin tops 3 put together, here the coffin feet 10 must be made separately, but you get along with a minimum of tools. Alternatively, different coffin parts with already formed coffin feet 10 be made, in which case two extrusion tools and two injection molds would be required, which indeed doubles the tooling, but opens up further design options in terms of an attractive design.

But there are also more combinations of methods conceivable. If necessary, the extruded parts can optionally be calendered, and so the end parts can optionally be made from extruded or calendered plates by molding. Likewise, the ornamental profiles can be 12 and make additional decorating elements separately and attach them on the outside. Also with regard to surface finishing all conventional methods such as coating, profiling the surfaces directly with the production of the individual parts, painting or coating with films and the like are conceivable.

In principle, the coffin according to the invention 1 be offered in two parts as a finished product or six parts for final assembly. The casket parts 2 and coffin tops 3 can be the same or different. It is also possible, a coffin base according to the invention 2 with a slightly curved or flat, produced in a different process lid to close.

1

coffin

2

Casket shell

3

Coffin upper part

4

profile body

5

end

6

Floor space

7

sidewall

8th

cover surface

9

guide

10

Sargfuß

11

stabilizing element

12

web

13

lateral guide

14

ornamental profiling

15

positioning

16

positioning spring

17

connecting element

18

connecting spring

19

communicating

20

handle

Claims (15)

Coffin for the earth or cremation of a deceased being - comprising coffin parts, the coffin parts at least one coffin part ( 2 ) for receiving the deceased being and a coffin top ( 3 ) for closing the coffin ( 1 ), - produced from a material which consists at least essentially of a polymer mixture comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a fiber-based filler, characterized in that at least one coffin part consists of a profile body which is essentially box-shaped or trough-shaped in cross-section (US Pat. 4 ), - which consists of one base ( 6 ) and two side walls ( 7 ), and that the coffin part has at least two end parts ( 5 ) is complete by the end parts ( 5 ) with the profile body ( 4 ) are connectable. Coffin according to claim 1, characterized in that a thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group comprising Celluloid, thermoplastic cellulose, polyurethanes, polyesters, Polyamides, ethylene vinyl acetates, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrenes, synthetic rubbers, Polyvinyl acetates, polyimides, polyethers, copolyamides, copolyesters, Polyolefins, polyacrylates or polymethacrylates and their substituted Derivatives. Casket according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the fiber-based filler chosen is from the group comprising wood flour, wood chips, pulp and crushed Natural fibers of wood, hemp, flax, sisal, corn, nettles, or grasses as well their modified derivatives. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the profile body ( 4 ) consists of an extruded cut strand. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the profile body ( 4 ) consists of a first extruded as a plate cut strand, which is folded. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the end parts ( 5 ) are produced by injection molding. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at the end parts ( 5 ) of the coffin lower part ( 2 ) Coffin feet ( 10 ) are formed. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the profile body ( 4 ) stabilizing elements ( 11 ) having. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the profile body ( 4 ) on the outsides of the side walls ( 7 ) has further profiles. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least individual coffin part surfaces by An additional Material order are finished. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the casket ( 1 ) in two parts, a coffin lower part ( 2 ) and a coffin top ( 3 ) is formed comprehensively. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the casket ( 1 ) six-part, two profile body ( 4 ) and twice two end parts ( 5 ), in each case to a coffin bottom part ( 2 ) and a coffin top ( 3 ) is formed composable. Coffin according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the end pieces ( 5 ) a profile body ( 4 ) frontally receiving guide groove ( 9 ) exhibit. Method for producing a coffin according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the profile body ( 4 ) as a strand with a base ( 6 ) and two oppositely disposed side walls ( 7 ) is made in one piece. Method for producing a coffin according to claim 14, characterized in that the profile body ( 4 ) as a strand with a base ( 6 ) and two oppositely disposed side walls ( 7 ) is extruded.