DE102007050466A1 - Extruder e.g. planetary-gear extruder, for use during processing of plastics, has sleeve-shaped or ring-shaped sections that are hold on carrier, where carrier is interlocked with sections and carrier in connection with extrusion drive - Google Patents

Abstract

The extruder has a planet roller module (5) with a central spindle (11) that consists of sleeve-shaped or ring-shaped sections. The sleeve-shaped or ring-shaped sections posses toothing formed as involute toothing. The sleeve-shaped or ring-shaped sections are provided with circulating planet spindles in an interference manner. The sleeve-shaped or ring-shaped sections are hold replaceably on a carrier, where the carrier is interlocked with the sections and the carrier in connection with an extrusion drive.

Description

The The invention relates to an extruder which is at least partially as Planetary roller extruder is formed. That goes without saying an extruder designed entirely as a planetary roller extruder. contemporary Extruders are composed of several modules. The partial Training as planetary roller extruder is then characterized in that one or several modules are designed as planetary roller extruder modules.

extruder find application especially for plastics processing. there the plastic is usually used in the form of granules and plasticized by the extruder and discharged into a nozzle, the plasticized plastic in a desired shape brings.

about Plasticizing is the task of the extruder, the melt to homogenize. Mostly have additives and supplements are processed. This can also be done in the extruder. In this Case, the extruder's job, supplements and additives evenly distributed.

extruder find among other things also in the food industry and in the Chemistry application.

extruder come in different designs. Single-screw extruders, twin-screw extruders are preferred and planetary roller extruder for use.

screw extruder have a single screw rotating in a housing. The screw presses the melt into an extrusion die. At the other end of the extruder is usually the Drive and a bearing, which the axial forces during the operation of the screw takes.

Everyone Extruder can contain different processing stages. To includes, for example, the feed zone, the plasticization zone, the dispersion zone or mixing zone, the cooling zone and the discharge zone. Depending on the processing zone is another design of the screw appropriate. The different education can by a different pitch of the flights and different other characteristics of the flights are marked be. In the worm gears is also of gearing spoken.

A contemporary design of the snails looks diverse separate screw sections, which are provided centrally with a bore are and are penetrated by a tie rod, with which the sections are braced against each other. The tie rod is common a threaded rod.

These Design allows optimal selection of screw sections such as also an exchange of individual sections for adaptation to the respective needs.

One Twin-screw extruder consists of two screws connected to each other comb. There are twin-screw extruder with the same direction rotating Screws as well as twin-screw extruder with counter-rotating rotating snails. Usually, the snails possess a common drive. Otherwise, each of the snails can like a single screw be formed.

Planetary roller extruder have in proportion to the other extruders mentioned an extremely large plasticizing effect. This opens the ability to process raw materials in the other extruders not at all or only insufficiently usable. Planetary roller extruder But they can also be used to increase production output significantly increase.

Planetary roller extruder have a rotating central spindle, thus meshing and revolving planetary spindles, which at the same time with an internal toothing comb in the surrounding housing. The surrounding case has in contemporary training a double jacket. The inner jacket is formed by a bushing. Between indoor and outer jacket is the important cooling of the planetary roller extruder intended.

The Bushing is provided with the internal toothing. Comb with her the rotating planetary spindles.

The Planet spindles require no guidance in the circumferential direction. Due to the toothing ensures that the Distance of the planetary spindles in the circumferential direction remains the same. It can be spoken of an own leadership. In axial Direction requires an external leadership, because the planetary spindles develop a more or less great pressure longitudinal. This pressure is the reaction pressure off the conveying effect of the planetary spindles. The pressure is with caught a run-up ring on which the planetary spindles slide along.

in the others are always spoken of just starting rings, although in one Extruder with multiple planetary roller modules for the thrust rings the different modules different names, eg. B. thrust ring and start-up intermediate ring, are common.

Each extruder module is preferably designed for the task that it should perform, for. B. on the task
To collect plastic granules and / or
To compact plastic granules and / or
Melt plastic granules and / or
Distribute surcharges in the melt and / or
to bring about a mixture with registered further material and / or
to bring about homogenization of the melt or mixture and / or
Unwanted liquids due to heating
To vaporize and then degas the steam

ever after task another toothing in the extruder module and / or another interpretation of the extruder module expedient be.

After that the task arises, the different screws of the extruder sections or the various central spindles of the planetary roller extruder sections and / or central spindles from planetary roller extruder sections with To connect screws of other extruder sections.

If several planetary roller sections (modules) arranged one behind the other are, then the various modules are preferably from a common central spindle penetrated.

The Central spindle is like a single screw of a variety of Sections that are braced with a tie rod. That allows it, as with the single-screw extruders, a selection of different To make sections and sections to the central spindle too connect or replace individual sections.

It is also known to combine extruder sections (module) with a planetary roller construction with extruder sections (module) of different construction. Particularly common is the combination of a planetary roller module with a single-screw module. It is considered advantageous if the screw of the Einschneckenmoduls are in positive connection with the central spindle of the planetary roller module. As a positive connection a splined shaft connection is provided. The connection includes a splined shaft and a correspondingly grooved hole in the sections. In this case, the splined shaft is in the known embodiment of the central spindle of the planetary roller module. The splined shaft is formed by an extension of the central spindle. The internally grooved bore in the adjacent screw portion of the Einschneckenmoduls is adapted to the diameter of the splined shaft and grooved for receiving the wedges of the splined shaft accordingly. The production of the splined profile on the central spindle is very expensive. The same applies to the production of the correspondingly grooved bore in the screw of the single screw module. Such spline shafts are for example in the DE 10 2004 037 349 B4 shown.

Also when combining a planetary roller module with extruder sections Another type is the use of a common central spindle common for all modules / sections.

Of the Invention is therefore based on the object, a more economical To create extruder.

there puts the invention on the older proposal, at the central spindle at the end that connects to the adjacent Einschneckenabschnitt is determined, a helical toothing has.

As helical gearing many gearing forms come into consideration. These include, for example:
involute
L-toothing
cycloid
Konchoidenverzahnung
Bolt tooth

The Involute toothing is a relatively low backlash, in one considerable area insensitive to Axial distance changes, since the intervention line is a straight line is. In Wälzpunkt exclusively rolling friction, moving away from the rolling point increasingly sliding friction. These advantages make the involute toothing the preferred gearing in planetary roller extruders.

The Cycloid gearing is preferred when it comes to acceleration. Compared to an involute toothing shows the cycloidal toothing lower friction during acceleration.

With the cycloid gearing are larger gear ratios in a small space possible because the teeth on the foot narrower are as in the involute.

The Rolling friction is only from a certain number of teeth smaller driven wheel possible. A standardization The cycloid gearing is difficult because of the tooth shape the involute in addition to the number of teeth smaller driven wheel depends. Further difficulties stand in forward-reverse one.

The Cycloidal toothing has in comparison to the involute toothing bigger backlash. But a change The depth of engagement is critical.

Preferably, it is the same toothing, with which the central spindle is provided, to comb with the rotating planetary spindles. The use of the same toothing allows to provide the central spindle throughout with a toothing. This facilitates the manufacture and reduces the costs considerably.

The older Proposal also includes the possibility that To produce central spindles as rod material, so that the respectively necessary length of the central spindle section be achieved by cutting from a supply rod can. This also includes a stock of bars that with an internally toothed bore is provided. That makes it easier Stockpiling and contributes to the cost reduction.

One Another advantage provided by the older proposal Design of the central spindle section is the possibility a rotation of the central spindle portion in case of excessive Wear on the central spindle head. With this type the rotation is possible and in case of rotation of the original spindle head to the end of the central spindle section. Conversely, the original end by rotation to the spindle head.

For the teeth on the planetary spindle is in a variant in the Bore of the adjacent Einschneckenabschnittes a matching internal toothing intended. The internal teeth must in the case like the Gearing on the central spindle a helical gearing be. If even the incorporation of grooves, the conventional Vielkeilwellenwellenverbindung run exactly in the axial direction, complicated and therefore expensive, it appears as a helical gearing trainee internal gearing complicated the expert a lot, so that at first not recognizable how a Total reduction of the effort to be achieved. The effort reduction However, this results at least in the production of internal teeth by way of a coarse, machining pre-processing and a subsequent machining by spark erosion.

The the same applies when using suitable pipes. Suitable for Example seamless pipes with appropriate wall thickness, the one external toothing as well as an internal toothing makes possible.

The Machining the pre-drilled or delivered as a pipe Starting material can be done by milling.

at The spark erosion is preferably an electrode in the bore introduced, which at least partially simulated the desired toothing is. At the same time, the workpiece and the electrode put a tension and through a surrounding liquid bath allows a current flow. The tension is like that created that the current from the workpiece to the electrode flows. From the stream, the surface of the Workpiece removed. The erosion takes place through the erosion smallest particles. Depending on the voltage and In other operating conditions erosion is so strong that in a reasonable time a desired machining of the workpiece surface takes place.

The distance of the workpiece surface from the electrode surface determines the degree of Abtrages. The electrode is moved on a path that corresponds to the course of the teeth (gears) of the internal teeth. Because of the details of spark erosion is on the DE 44 36 803 C2 Referenced.

With The spark erosion can be a very cost effective way advantageous internal teeth are produced.

The Spark erosion can also be done without pre-machining by milling be used. This is especially suitable for a long time Material on.

In another variant is an ungrouted receiving hole for the central spindle end is provided in the single screw and takes place the connection between the single screw and the central spindle through a screw connection.

to Screwing can be provided at different points a thread be. Preferably, the central spindle is provided with a threaded hole. The threaded hole then acts optionally with a pin / sleeve the single screw or with a separate pin / sleeve or with an anchor together.

Of the Pin can be formed on the single screw and with a corresponding Be provided thread for the threaded hole in the central spindle.

It can also find a separate pin application, with one end held on the single screw.

The Connection of the separate pin with the single screw can in the same How to connect to the central spindle by the pin with the other end in a threaded hole of the single screw attacks.

The connection of the separate pin with the single screw can also take place in that the pin with an outwardly directed collar (outer collar) behind an inwardly directed Collar (inner collar) of an opening in the single screw engages. The opening is preferably a through hole. Inner holes are created by drilling an existing hole with a larger drill bit up to the inner collar.

With Anchoring the use of cones can be dispensable. The anchors penetrate through holes provided in the single screw and the central spindle.

Out the pin becomes a sleeve when the single screw and the Central spindle cooled with a liquid or to be heated. Then there is an axial penetration of the pin required for the tempering agent. The penetration preferably takes place with a hole. For a so edited Thong is spoken by a pod.

surprisingly Way the older proposal not only has the described Manufacturing advantages, but still another significant advantage, because with the new connection can be a much bigger one Torque transmitted as with a conventional splined shaft become. The "more" torque can go up to 40 without further 60%. Since the junction is a weak point of conventional Extruder is can by a substantial increase of the Torque with correspondingly greater power be driven.

The Increase in performance affects the profitability of Plant and is an extremely big advantage.

In Training of the older proposal will become one Planetary roller extruder section belonging to central spindle sections put together from individual elements to the economy to improve. At the same time it is envisaged that the various Elements of the planetary roller extruder section are the same and has an internally toothed passage opening and sit on a wave, the one on the outer coat with the internal teeth of the elements have matching teeth. The provided shaft is preferably with the shaft of adjacent Extruder sections in one piece. This includes extruder sections of others Design, in particular single-screw extruder section, as they usually do be used as filling parts. Still more preferred a common shaft passing through the entire extruder is provided, sitting on the in each extruder section several elements ..

economic Advantages result from the fact that the planetary roller sections wear out differently. The wear is usually in the conveying direction of the planetary roller sections at the beginning the biggest. Furthermore It may be due to foreign bodies or material defects damage to the central spindle sections come. By the inventive composition of the planetary roller sections from individual elements, the possibility arises a replacement of individual elements in case of damage, without at the same time rendering all other elements worthless.

the Wear is thereby taken into account according to the invention, that with excessive wear of the in the conveying direction of the first element in the conveying direction last element is replaced with a new element. This Replacing elements results in the relevant planetary roller extruder section to a shift of all elements to the associated one Shafts against the conveying direction of the extruder. Preferably Will also be damaged items that are on the shaft in the conveying direction of the extruder behind the first element a planetary roller extruder section, in the same way replaced. That is, each damaged Element taken out. This is done by one or the other pulled off the other end of the associated wave ago the elements and after removing the damaged element the remaining elements together with a new element again be pushed onto the shaft. Here is the new element for determines the rear end of the shaft in the conveying direction. As a result, they are originally moving in the conveying direction behind a damaged element sitting elements of a Planetary roller extruder section counter to the conveying direction of the extruder on the shaft around the place of the removed element in front.

advantageously, the replacement according to the invention may become more worn Restrict elements to one extruder section or multiple extruder sections and can the elements of the remaining extruder sections also be different

The replacement according to the invention is also possible with elements that sit on a shaft, wherein instead of the above helical gearing a straight toothing is provided. The spur toothing is for example from the DE 82 32 585 U1 known in itself. In the context of the invention, a splined connection, if appropriate also a connection with a single wedge, is regarded as straight gearing.

Preferably, the same Verzahnungsaart is provided between the elements of a planetary roller extruder section and the associated shaft, as in the planetary roller extruder section in the melt-contacted area between the central spindle, planetary spindles and internally toothed housing is provided. Usually an involute toothing is after DIN 5480 in the melt-touched area between central spindle, planetary spindles and internally toothed housing. As a rule, a small tooth module can be used in the toothing between the elements and the associated shaft because the load on the toothing between the element and the associated shaft is greater than that between the toothed spindle, the planetary spindles and the internally toothed housing. While a displacement of the melt takes place between the teeth of the toothing in the area in contact with the melt and the viscosity of the melt causes considerable loads, possibly even a fracture of the toothing and, moreover, a breakage of the planets, such a load occurs at the toothing between the elements and the associated wave are not or the resulting from stress in the melt-contacted area reaction forces are passed only in greatly reduced form to the teeth between the elements and the associated wave. This allows the choice of space-saving smaller tooth modules. Preferably, the tooth modules applied between the elements and the associated shaft are at least one-fifth, more preferably at least two-fifths smaller than the tooth module in the melt-contacted region between the central spindle, the planet and the internally toothed housing.

Also, if another tooth module in the toothing between the elements and the associated wave can apply, so is but preferably the same slope and the same movement in the interlocking between the elements and the associated one Shaft as in the toothing on the outside of the central spindle section intended. This ensures that the on the shaft shifted elements the teeth on the outer surface of the Central spindle without gaps and without any jump between continue the elements. With usability is in the present Case denotes the number of adjacent courses. Usually is a multi-gear toothing on planetary roller extruders intended.

The preparation of the toothing between the central spindle, the planetary spindles and the internally toothed housing is usually carried out in that the external teeth are milled at the central spindle and the planetary spindles and then ground. It is possible at the central spindle section
first to make the centric bore and then edit the peripheral surface or
first to edit the peripheral surface and then produce the centric bore and
first to complete the central spindle section before the central spindle section is divided into equal elements or
perform the disassembly at any time prior to the completion of the central spindle section and then perform the final processing of the elements.

So far the latter option is chosen, it may be beneficial be, if already the spline connection between the shaft and the still unfinished elements is completed. Then can the unfinished elements are braced on the shaft and under centering be turned off and ground with the shaft.

More difficult as the external toothing of the central spindle and the planetary spindles is the internal toothing on the extruder housing. After exact fit, Machining the housing is the toothing traditionally grooved. Alternatively, the gearing is either after rough pre-toothing or without rough pre-toothing by spark erosion finished.

At the toothed shaft can produce teeth in the same way be like the external teeth on the planetary roller section. Likewise, the internal teeth on the elements or on the associated planetary roller section as the internal teeth made on the housing of the planetary roller section become.

In the drawing are the prior art and an embodiment represented the invention.

1 shows an extruder, which is composed of several modules of different types together.

The extruder has a machine frame 1 ,

On the machine is a drive 2 mounted with gearbox and motor.

Otherwise, the extruder consists of a single-screw module 4 and two planetary roller modules 5 and 6 ,

To Each module has a housing.

In the case 8th of the Einschneckenmoduls a worm turns 7 ,

The single screw module comprises the filling area of the extruder. This is in the case 8th a filling opening provided. At the filling opening is a stuffing 3 intended. The stuffing 3 Ensures that the feedstock placed in the stuffing box enters the extruder. The feed can have different composition, mostly it is plastic granules. The granules may already contain a mixture with other additives and fillers. Optionally, additives and / or fillers are also wholly or partly applied in admixture with the granules.

The single-screw 7 has a helical toothing. A worm gear of the helical gearing is shown and with 12 designated.

The single-screw 7 compresses the feedstock. There is a pressure build-up and heating in the feedstock. The heating is partly due to in the Einschneckenmodul 4 accomplished work causes. To another part can be a heating by appropriate heating of the housing 8th arise. Heat and pressure can already be in the single screw module 4 cause melting of the plastic, so that the single screw a melt in the planetary roller module 5 suppressed. In the planetary roller modules, the further processing / treatment of the melt takes place. Either a finished melt emerges from the discharge end of the extruder, or a melt which is still to be treated emerges from the extruder. Degassing is an important aftertreatment, for example. It is often necessary to remove constituents of the melt which have already assumed a gaseous state in the extruder or only assume a gaseous state in the ambient air.

The planetary roller module 5 has a central spindle 11 , Planetary spindles 9 , a housing and a stop ring. The central spindle 11 also serves as a central spindle for the second planetary roller module 6 ,

The planetary spindles 9 have the same gearing as the central spindle 11 and mesh with the central spindle 11 , They run around the central spindle 11 around.

In addition, there are the rotating planetary spindles 9 with the internally toothed housing of the planetary roller module 5 engaged. The planetary spindles 9 slide thereby on a stop ring, at the junction between the two modules 5 and 6 is provided.

The planetary roller module 5 forms in the exemplary embodiment a dispersion zone. In the dispersing zone, a fine distribution of the additives and fillers takes place in the melt. The planetary roller module is particularly suitable for the dispersion, because in the planetary roller module, a rolling out of the melt takes place.

The planetary roller module 6 corresponds to the planetary roller module 5 , He owns the planetary spindles 10 , Housing and stop ring like the planetary roller module 5 , However, the stop ring is arranged on the extruder outlet.

In the case of the final processing of the melt in the planetary roller module 5 is usually a cooling of the melt at discharge / extrusion temperature in the planetary roll module 5 intended. The correct temperature setting before the melt outlet is generally indispensable prerequisite for a sufficient product quality in the production of profile strips made of plastic.

The 2 and 3 show a known connection between the central spindle 11 and the single-screw 7 , The central spindle 11 stuck with one end in an opening of the single screw 7 , This area is with 15 designated.

Moreover, in the 2 a tie rod 16 shown with the central spindle 11 and the single screw 4 7 be clamped together.

3 shows the details of a known connection between the central spindle 11 and the single-screw 7 , Here is the end of the central spindle, which is in the opening of the Einschecke 7 is stuck, as a splined shaft 18 educated. The splined shaft has grooves and elevations (wedges) that run exactly in the axial direction. The wedge shaft is adapted to the opening in the single screw 7 , It is a hole that is grooved at the periphery, so that the wedges of the splined shaft can be inserted into the grooves.

In addition, the central spindle 11 with a ring 17 Mistake. The ring 17 is on the central spindle 11 clamped and serves as a stop by limiting the amount to which the central spindle 11 in the opening of the single screw 7 can be inserted.

According to the invention, instead of the central spindle 11 with the splined shaft 18 a uniformly toothed central spindle 22 intended. The gearing of the central spindle is a helical gearing and symbolically represented and with 23 designated.

In the single screw 21 whose interlocking with 21 is designated, the receiving bore for the central spindle end is provided with an internal toothing, that of the external toothing of the central spindle 22 is adapted so that the central spindle can be pushed with appropriate rotation in the receiving bore.

Furthermore, a tension of the central pin del 22 with the single screw 20 intended. The bracing is done by means of a sleeve 26 , The sleeve 26 has a front end which is provided with an external thread and in the threaded hole of the central spindle at the end 24 attacks.

The sleeve 26 has at the other end an outer collar, with which the sleeve 26 behind an inner collar 25 a through hole in the single screw 20 attacks.

The single-screw 20 sits on a suitably trained trained transmission pin 28 , The transmission pin transmits is formed in the embodiment by an extension of the output shaft of the transmission.

Between the gear journal 28 and the single-screw 20 a common spline connection is provided.

The gear journal 28 is from a pipe 30 penetrated. The pipe 30 has several tasks. It forms a water guide and a centering for the sleeve 26 , It contributes to stability. In the embodiment, the tube forms 30 at the same time a tie rod, because the single screw 20 in the axial direction loose on the pin 28 sitting. The single screw is thereby in the embodiment with the gear journal 28 clamped that pipe 30 at the illustrated end with the sleeve 26 screwed and the tube is provided at the other end with a clamping device. The clamping device is in the simplest case, a screw. The tube enters 30 at the other end of the output shaft and is the tube 30 there provided with an external thread, so that the pipe 30 Tensioned with a nut and over the sleeve 26 , the central spindle 22 a contact pressure of the single screw 20 on the collar 35 of the gear journal 28 can be effected. The central spindle presses against the collar 25 the single screw 20 ,

In other embodiments is another tension provided the tie rod. Optionally, the tension is with a Provide hydraulic, with a controlled pressure easily apply lets and with the release of the tension is easily possible.

The opening width of the pipe 30 is so big that it is an inner tube 29 can surround in the distance. The inner tube 29 leads into a hole 36 the central spindle. The measure with which the inner tube 29 with his tip 31 into the hole 36 protrudes, depends on the desired temperature control. Optionally, cooling water is through the inner tube 29 fed. The cooling water absorbs heat in the central spindle and then flows in the space between the inner tube 29 and the tube 30 back again, so that the heat is dissipated. Optionally, the cooling water is also initially directed through the annulus between the tube and inner tube and then into the inner tube. The heated cooling water is recycled in a cooling device, not shown.

In other embodiments, the temperature control is used for heating and / or cooling or can of cooling be switched to heating or vice versa. Furthermore, can Other tempering, z. As oil, find application.

in the Embodiment is the inner tube in the axial direction fixed, in other embodiments in axial Direction adjustable, thereby influencing the cooling can be taken.

5 shows a central spindle according to the invention based on the embodiment according to 3 with some differences ..

The central spindle is total of one shaft 41 interspersed. On the outer jacket is the shaft 41 provided with an involute toothing, which has the same pitch and the same mobility as an involute toothing 48 has on the outer jacket of the central spindle. In this area, the central spindle is formed by a sleeve, the central opening with an internal toothing and the outer shell with an external toothing 48 is provided. The external toothing 48 is an involute gear and part of a not shown gearing between the central spindle, planetary spindles and internally toothed housing. The involute gearing is a classic gearing for rolling gears. Between the wave 41 and the sleeve of the central spindle takes place no rolling process, so that another type of toothing would be suitable to transfer the necessary torque to the central spindle. Nevertheless, involute toothing is used for reasons of economy of manufacture. This allows the use of the same tools for the shaft 41 and for the central spindle.

The wave 41 forms a support for the central spindle sleeve.

The central spindle sleeve is made up of sections 33 . 44 and 45 together. The butt joints or joints between the sleeve sections are with 51a and 52a designated.

In the embodiment, these sleeves have different lengths, in other embodiments equal lengths. The necessary torque for the central spindle is due to the teeth zwi the wave 41 and transfer the sleeve of the central spindle to the central spindle. Because of the helical gearing, an axial force also becomes effective from the rotational movement. This force is thereby from the shaft 41 incorporated that the central spindle sections between a central spindle head 50 and a locking ring 47 are held. The central spindle head 50 is with the wave 41 screwed. The same applies to the locking ring 47 ,

In the exemplary embodiment, the shaft exists 41 at the same time from different sections, whose shocks in the area of the central spindle with 51 . 52 . 53 and 54 are designated. This has manufacturing advantages in the embodiment. These shaft sections are connected by a tie rod with the remaining part of the shaft. The tie rod is in the embodiment by a mandrel 46 educated. In other embodiments by a sleeve.

The thorn 46 sits in a centric bore of the shaft 41 or the various shaft sections. It picks up the thorn 46 at one end with an outer collar 40 behind an inner collar of the shaft 41 , At the other end is the thorn with a mother 49 braced, which bears against a collar of the associated shaft portion.

The drive torque is transmitted to the central spindle, that the driven shaft 41 with an undivided part in the first section 44 the central spindle sleeve engages. From there, the torque on the one hand to the planetary spindles and on the other hand to the shock 53 belonging to adjacent wave section passed.

This adjacent shaft portion is seated with a part in the sleeve portion 44 and with the other part in the sleeve section 43 ,

With the in the sleeve section 43 seated shaft section, the torque is applied to the sleeve section 43 forwarded there and then again on the one hand transferred to the planetary spindles and on the other hand to the to 52 belonging to adjacent wave section passed. This shaft section sits with a part in the sleeve section 43 and with the other part in the sleeve section 45 , As a result, its torque is also on the sleeve section 45 transfer.

From the above it follows that the shocks 51 . 52 . 53 between the sleeve sections 43 . 44 . 45 from the bumps 51a and 52a have sufficient distance. The measure of the minimum distance results from the respective load capacity of the toothing.

As after 3 The illustrated central spindle portion belongs to a planetary roller extruder module which is in combination with a single screw extruder module. Different than after 3 is the central spindle or its sections but formed as a sleeve, which is completely off the shaft 41 is penetrated. The wave 41 is also part of the screw in the single-screw extruder module

The wave 41 then carries the elements belonging to the single-screw extruder module.

The wave 41 is coupled to the output shaft of the extruder drive, so that the drive movement is transmitted to the Einschneckenmodul and on the planetary roller extruder module.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102004037349 B4 [0021]
• - DE 4436803 C2 [0038]
• - DE 8232585 U1 [0055]

Cited non-patent literature

• - DIN 5480 [0056]

Claims (17)

Extruder with at least one planetary roller module, consisting of central spindle, rotating planetary spindles and a in interlocked housings, and preferably with one adjacent single screw module, the central spindle of the Planetary roller module of sleeve-shaped or annular Sections consists, the outside one preferably as involute possess trained gearing, with which they with the encircling Planetary spindles engage, and the sleeve-shaped or annular sections interchangeable on a support to sit, wherein the carrier is interlocked with the sections is and the carrier at the same time in operative connection with the extruder drive stands. Extruder according to claim 1, characterized that the carrier is formed by a shaft and / or adjacent extruder modules have a common shaft. Extruder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the teeth between the shaft and the sleeve-shaped or annular sections a helical toothing, preferably an involute toothing as between the central spindle, the planetary spindles and the internally toothed housing of the Planetary roller section is. Extruder according to claim 3, characterized by the same Slope and equal mobility of the gearing and / or different module of gearing between shaft and sections opposite the external toothing on the central spindle. Extruder according to claim 4, characterized by a Tooth module of the toothing between shaft and central spindle sections, which is at least 1/5, preferably 2/5 smaller than the module of the toothing on the outside of the central spindle. Extruder according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the central spindle sections when replacing without offset from adjacent sections and without gap formation against the conveying direction the central spindle are slidable on the shaft, so that after Moving a new section on the released shaft end is deferrable. Extruder according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the central spindle sections have the same length. Extruder according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the central spindle sections are formed by sleeves inside and outside toothed and / or that the shaft is the central spindle the planetary roller module and the single-screw module interspersed and in the single screw module whose worm elements carries. Extruder according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the central spindle sections with each end are pushed onto the shaft. Extruder according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the sections of the central spindle are braced with the shaft in the axial direction .. Extruder according to claim 10, characterized by a tension as a screw connection. Extruder according to claim 10 or 11, characterized that the sleeve sections between a central spindle head and a locking ring are held on the shaft. Extruder according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the shaft in turn from Assembled sections, wherein a driven shaft section extends into a sleeve portion of the central spindle, so that transmit its torque to the sleeve portion is, and that the sleeve portion on the one hand outside meshes with the teeth of the planetary spindles so that his Torque on the planetary spindles will ask and on the other hand inside with the toothing of another shaft section is engaged, so that its torque and the communicates further shaft portion, wherein the further shaft portion at the other end again with another sleeve section is toothed, so that he transmits his torque to the other Sleeve section transfers. Extruder according to claim 13, characterized the shaft in the area of the central spindle from different sections whose joints from the joints the surrounding sleeve sections each have spacing. Extruder according to claim 13 or 14, characterized that the shaft portions are hollow and through a tension anchor provided in the cavity are braced. Extruder according to claim 15, characterized that the tie rod with one end in the direction of conveyance the extruder first shaft section engages and with the other End engages in the conveying direction of the extruder last shaft section. Method for producing a central spindle for An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized characterized in that the central spindle and / or the shaft from a longer, externally toothed rod or Pipe is cut to length.