DE102007047438A1 - Formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges - Google Patents

Abstract

A formwork configuration (10) for the cantilever construction of bridges has at least one lower girder configuration (14), which is suspended on an upper girder configuration (12) and is supported on at least one suspension (16) via a ball joint.

Description

Technical area

The The invention relates to a formwork arrangement for cantilever construction of bridges.

At the The cantilevered concrete bridges must be those Formwork between which the necessary reinforcements are inserted and the next part forming Concrete is poured over the already created and sufficiently hardened section of the bridge be supported. For this purpose, at the end of the already created Bridge section essentially carrier or Rails mounted in which an upper beam assembly is movably mounted. The upper carrier assembly can in the free-living direction and / or on the side Protruding edge of the already created bridge section. At portions of the upper support assembly can Formwork for the upper area of the bridge attached be. Further, at the upper support assembly, a lower support assembly be suspended, which may be displaced Storage of additional formwork for lower areas of the bridge and / or internal formwork in the case of a hollow box profile of the bridge are provided. The storage of all movable Elements usually take place by means of rollers. After this a new building section has been created, the formwork arrangement be pushed forward to the reinforcements for the next Set up section. In this context, the Rails or beams on which the formwork arrangement is stored, extended to the last created building section become.

State of the art

A formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges, are provided in the roller bearings and a formwork is independent of an outer formwork movable, is from the WO 83/04274 known.

The DE 28 48 536 A1 relates to a similar arrangement in which sliding bearings can be provided. Other formwork arrangements from this area go from the EP 0 004 251 A1 . DE 26 60 087 31 and US 3,989,218 out.

Presentation of the invention

Of the Invention is based on the object, a formwork arrangement for to create the cantilever, in particular of bridges, the in view of the versatility of usability and / or the manufacturing effort is improved for the formwork arrangement.

The This object is achieved by the method described in claim 1 Form arrangement.

As a result, is at least a lower support assembly at an upper Carrier assembly suspended and over at least a ball joint stored. As a result, the lower carrier assembly with respect to the upper support assembly in a certain Scope be inclined, which is the realization of a particularly large Bandwidth of bridge cross sections allows. In addition, the power transmission means of the ball joint done without bending moments. This allows all involved components, in particular the suspensions with less material and therefore executed cheaper which leads to economic benefits. Warehousing could also be gimbaled, in particular with a cross piece, on which two fork pieces are connected, which pivot about axes in the same plane.

preferred Further developments of the formwork arrangement according to the invention are described in the further claims.

Either for the stability of the lower carrier assembly as well as the possibility of attaching other components, such as B. the actual formwork, is currently preferred, the lower carrier assembly as a carrier grid or grid provided.

The versatility is further enhanced if, as preferred, at least one suspension of the lower carrier assembly is provided adjustable in height. The height adjustment can preferably be made stepless and can advantageously in the area of the upper support arrangement, and thus especially easy and therefore safe to access, be provided. This allows the position of individual suspensions individually be adjusted so that the positional relationship between lower and Upper carrier assembly changed particularly flexible can be. This further increases the adaptability of the invention Formwork arrangement to different geometries of the to be created Structures, especially bridges, and raised in advantageously the range of use.

in the With regard to the ball joint is currently the use at least a dome provided.

Around to protect the ball joint, in particular the dome, Furthermore, the use of at least one housing the lower carrier assembly provided in which the ball joint, especially the dome is housed.

For the position of such a housing is presently preferred to vorzuse it on a carrier hen, which runs largely transverse to Freivorbaurichtung. For the attachment of the housing fastening means may advantageously be used on a hollow-profile carrier, as described below, in particular those on the side flanges. Furthermore, longitudinal members of the carrier arrangement can be fastened between two housings.

At least a carrier of the formwork arrangement according to the invention is preferably provided as a closed, box-like hollow profile. Such a design allows significantly lower tolerances realize, as in the previously used rolled sections of the Case is. The described carrier can, for example, as Welded construction and made of different sections be composed. This can be advantageously the materials and wall thicknesses of each section to those requirements to be put to the respective section. This applies equally to machinability. Especially has been found in initial experiments that by the inventive Construction a higher load capacity in terms of bending and / or torsion can be realized compared to the previous ones used profiles of the same weight. Accordingly, given Resilience weight and material can be saved, both the respective carrier cheaper to produce makes, as well, given the considerable total weight of the formwork arrangement Overall, in a positive way savings on other contributing Sharing allows. Furthermore, by the design a carrier introduced as a hollow box profile Standard components, which are known for example as Mietteile, Find use.

As mentioned, it has proved to be advantageous, the hollow profile carrier composed of several sections to individual sections in a particularly efficient way to the respective ones To be able to adapt requirements.

This reflected for example in those preferred training resist, in which at least two sections of the hollow profile carrier in terms of their material and / or thickness.

Although the use of hollow profile girders in numerous places the formwork arrangement is intended and to those described Benefits, is currently preferred, at least one Use hollow profile carrier such that it largely perpendicular to the free-living direction, in other words across it and extends largely horizontally. For carriers with this Alignment could the advantages of the invention be realized particularly extensive.

in the In terms of compatibility with other components the formwork arrangement has also proven to be advantageous when the hollow profile carrier has at least one flange. Furthermore, one or more such flanges may in particular realized particularly easily in a welded construction be and allow in the form of butt welding the Use of particularly simple welding processes.

in the With regard to the connection of further components to the invention Hollow profile carrier is currently further preferred that at least one flange in a position of use largely horizontal extends.

From the same point of view, in the case of the formwork arrangement according to the invention, at least one hollow-profile carrier has at least one grid of fastening devices, for example fastening openings. These may, for example, be provided on one or more flanges and / or on one or more sections which (as seen in cross-section) form the closed part of the hollow profile. By one or more such grid of fasteners, the connection of other components is possible at many different locations. As a result, the formwork arrangement according to the invention is versatile and can be adapted to a variety of bridge geometries. Furthermore, it is possible by the extensive connectivity options of components that surround the hollow-section beam according to the invention allows to carry out asymmetric structures to connect a bridge or other cantilever construction to existing buildings and drive past obstacles in cantilever construction. The numerous and provided in a grid fastening devices also allow a great deal of flexibility in terms of static design of the formwork arrangement itself up to an asymmetric force introduction. The described grids of fasteners allow the use of many standard components and their attachment in many different places. In particular, end regions of the hollow-profile carrier according to the invention can remain unused and protrude from the formwork arrangement. Due to the weight reduction mentioned above, this leads to no significant disadvantages. To the feature discussed above, namely at least one grid of fasteners on a cantilever beam formwork support, in particular bridges, it should be noted that this aspect, including any particular or hereafter described particular embodiments, is an innovation basically is independent of the design of at least one carrier as a closed, box-like hollow profile. In other words, a formwork arrangement for cantilever construction, in particular of bridges, with at least one support, which has at least one grid of fastening devices, to be regarded as the subject of the application, which can be combined with all the above and following features in an advantageous manner.

For The grid of fasteners has proven to be advantageous proven to provide thereof at least two, with regard to on the distances between individual fasteners and / or the sizes of the fastening devices of the respective grid. In other words, you can a first portion of the hollow profile carrier according to the invention a grid of fasteners at a first distance and / or a first size of fasteners be provided, and at one or more other sections the hollow profile carrier is a second or more Grid of fasteners with a second, different Distance between the fastening devices and / or a second, different size of fasteners. hereby can in different areas of the hollow section beam be created in an advantageous way the opportunity different components and / or components with a different one To install screening.

Further is in the formwork arrangement according to the invention currently preferred, at least one sliding bearing between a movable and to provide a fixed part of the formwork arrangement, having at least one plastic bearing part. The usage of plain bearings offers compared to the previously used Roller bearings following advantages. Roller bearings already exist low bridge radii the risk of rolling out the rollers the rails intended for them or "on" them Carrier sections advised and, for example, on flanges or the like. Considering the considerable weight of such formwork arrangements, for example several cents can be heavy. There is a considerable amount Safety problem in that the formwork arrangement after a such ripping a roller bearing in the actually intended "Bearing rail" falls back. Furthermore, roller bearings in buildings with gradient problematic, because to advance the Formwork usually oscillating cylinder are provided, which in a first operating state on a Support or a rail that is connected to a already erected building section is fixed, and advance the formwork arrangement. In a second operating state, the formwork arrangement remains Spot, and the cylinders are retracted, so that the Supports are retightened. In this situation, that is common barrel-heavy formwork arrangement unsecured and can slope advance due to the described roller bearings, what a represents a significant security risk.

By the plastic bearing part according to the invention consists a significantly lower risk that the storage of their Rail or moved from the provided for storage carrier. Furthermore, a plastic bearing part has to be as advantageous proved that it self-locking up to a certain slope can be executed. Accordingly, even in buildings with slope the formwork arrangement safely in place stay and the support, as described, followed become. In other words, the bearing forces are predictable and can for a defined behavior of the whole Formwork arrangement, even during the above second operating state, are taken into account. After all offers the plastic plain bearing according to the invention one improved over roller bearings, namely planar force application.

For the plastic bearing part is currently preferred, this on a to provide movable part of the formwork arrangement.

in this connection is to be considered that the immovable part of the Formwork arrangement, for example one or more rails or Carrier have a considerable longitudinal extent allow for a certain range of motion for to ensure the formwork arrangement. If you add plastic bearing parts would also have to be over extend a substantial area. In that regard, is currently off For reasons of efficiency preferred, the plastic bearing parts on the comparatively short moving part of the formwork arrangement or only at individual sections thereof.

For the material pairing in the context of the sliding bearing of the invention Formwork arrangement has become another bearing part that with the plastic bearing part cooperates, a bearing part made of metal, preferably steel as proved favorable. By such a combination of materials can be calculated very well, for example, self-locking Storage properties can be realized.

For The practice is currently preferred that the plain bearing up to a Slope of about 5%, preferably about 6%, and more preferably up to 10% self-locking. This can be a big bandwidth of use cases with a particularly safe procedure be covered.

Under Consideration of the expenditure resulting from wear of the Bearing parts results, it also proves to be advantageous, at least a bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part provide interchangeable.

The Attachment of the plastic bearing part can be particularly simple and be done efficiently in a magnetic manner.

Further can the plastic bearing part in an advantageous manner as part of a Slide bearing between any moving components or sections a formwork arrangement for cantilever construction, in particular be provided by bridges. At first attempts were However, particularly good experience made when such a plain bearing between an inner shell carriage and / or a side formwork on the one hand and a fixed portion of the formwork assembly, on the other hand was provided.

Brief description of the drawings

following the invention is illustrated by way of example in the drawings Embodiments explained in more detail.

It demonstrate:

1 a perspective view of a formwork arrangement according to the invention;

2 a perspective view of a hollow profile carrier in the formwork arrangement of 1 ;

3 a perspective bottom view of a sliding bearing in the formwork arrangement of 1 ; and

4 a perspective, partially sectioned view of a detail 1 ,

Detailed description preferred embodiments of the invention

As in 1 can be seen, is the formwork arrangement according to the invention 10 , which may have an extension of a few meters, for example, of five meters, in the cantilever direction, on an already created section 30 supported by a bridge. The already created bridge section 30 can cantilever freely, and the formwork arrangement 10 can be provided to create another, again cantilevered section. To support the formwork arrangement 10 are at the already created bridge section 30 in the case shown four carriers 32 attached, which is essentially the storage and support of the formwork arrangement 10 serve. The carriers 32 act essentially as rails on which the formwork arrangement 10 , as described in more detail below, is slidably mounted. In 1 is shown a state in which the formwork arrangement 10 , of which any formwork is not shown, has been advanced out of the last created section and is located in the situation shown immediately before the last created section.

The support of the formwork arrangement 10 on the straps 32 takes place in the case shown by plain bearings 34 which essentially coincides with the upper surfaces of the carrier 32 interact. The forward movement is in the case shown by two hydraulic cylinders 36 accomplished, which oscillate and take turns supporting themselves 38 supporting, the formwork arrangement 10 advance or while the formwork arrangement 10 remains stationary, the supports 38 follow suit. In addition to the described plain bearings 34 are counter-bearings 40 provided, for example, the projecting flanges of the carrier 32 can engage under to support the weight of the cantilever formwork arrangement. Furthermore, anchor rods may be provided for this purpose.

Generally speaking, the formwork arrangement has an upper carrier arrangement 12 on, which from 20 and side members 42 consists. Over several bars 16 is from the upper carrier assembly 12 a lower carrier assembly 14 suspended, which is also transverse 20 and side members 42 having. At the top 12 and / or the lower carrier assembly 14 may, among other things because of the possibilities described below for the attachment of standard components, be mounted on standardized stages. In the example shown, all cross members 20 executed as a hollow profile carrier, as described below with reference to the 2 explained in more detail. In 1 is complementary to recognize that between the carriers 20 in particular in the case of the upper carrier assembly 12 by additional, for example diagonally oriented struts 44 a stabilization of the carrier arrangement can take place. Furthermore, diagonally downwardly extending supports 46 be provided to the upper formwork arrangement 12 form with truss-like sections. It also follows that the upper carrier assembly, significantly in the form of the cross member 20 , in vertical direction from the surface of the bridge section 30 is spaced, so that the space located under the upper support assembly is advantageously kept free for the required work, such as the insertion of reinforcements. The space available for this purpose is further increased by the fact that the mentioned diagonal struts 44 in comparatively outer areas are arranged so that the intermediate inner region can be used in a favorable manner for the delivery of reinforcement and the like. The suspension of the lower carrier assembly 14 takes place in the example shown by several rods 16 to which the lower carrier assembly 14 is stored in a special way, which will be described in more detail below.

With reference to 2 First, the structure of the respective cross member 20 the formwork arrangement of 1 described in more detail. As in 2 is recognizable, the respective carrier 20 , seen in cross section, as at the front end ( 2 ) recognizable, a closed, box-like cross section. This is formed in the example shown by different sections, in the case shown by two largely horizontally oriented sections 22.1 and two in the representation largely vertically aligned web sections 22.2 , By doing that, the horizontal sections 22.1 have a greater width than the web sections 22.2 spaced apart, arise at the lateral edges of the carrier 20 protruding flanges 24 , Based 2 is schematic to recognize that the horizontal sections 22.1 a little thicker than the bridge sections 22.2 , This indicates that these sections may be provided with different thicknesses and / or different materials in accordance with the different requirements imposed thereon. In the upper right area of the 2 , ie in (according to 2 ) rear portion of the carrier 20 is an end plate 48 to recognize in the example shown in all directions over the sections 22 of the carrier 20 protrudes. It should be mentioned that the carrier 20 also at its other end, ie the front end according to 2 such an end plate 48 may have, for the sake of illustrating the interior of the wearer 20 in 2 is omitted. At the end plate 48 are numerous fastening devices in the form of mounting holes 50 to recognize, by means of which the attachment of surrounding components is possible.

This applies similarly to the grid of fasteners in the form of openings 26 which extends substantially the entire length of the carrier 20 and extend in the longitudinal direction thereof. In the case shown is on all laterally projecting flanges 24 of the carrier 20 a comparatively narrow grid of fasteners provided in the form of openings. The individual openings of this grid, for example, have a distance of about 10 cm and the attachment of "truss components" such as the diagonal supports 44 and / or the diagonal straps 46 serve. In the embodiment shown, the fastening devices 26.2 a second grid located in the area of the closed box-like area (seen in cross-section), a greater distance and a larger diameter of the openings. The distance may be, for example 20 cm and can be the implementation of rods 16 (see. 1 ) for the suspension of the lower support assembly 14 serve. As 2 shows, the profile of the wearer 20 be described as an I-profile with double center bar, so that in the region of the central web (seen in cross section) closed hollow profile is formed. The horizontal sections 22.1 and the bridge sections 22.2 of the carrier 20 as well as the end plates 48 For example, they can be welded together. By way of example, the in 2 shown carrier a height dimension (in the direction of the web sections 22.2 ) of about 40 cm.

In 3 is shown a drive unit, which is essentially a plain bearing 34 , a hydraulic cylinder 36 and a support 38 having. The operation of the drive unit has been described above with reference to 1 explained. Out 3 is supplementary to recognize that the plain bearing 34 in the embodiment shown two runners 52 slidable on the tops of the completed bridge section 30 attached vehicle 32 are provided. The runners 52 have lateral boundaries 54 largely in the form of plates as well as plastic bearing parts 28 on. The plastic bearing parts 28 can on the other bearing part, in the case shown the carrier 32 , be adjusted so that the storage is self-locking up to a certain slope. Furthermore, the plastic bearing parts interchangeable and / or magnetic on the runners 52 be attached. At the in 3 shown drive unit is also a largely in the longitudinal direction, ie in the free-trimmer direction extending axis 56 provided on which the upper support assembly can be rotatably mounted about a substantially horizontal axis.

4 shows a detail of in an overall view in 1 recognizable hinged suspension of the lower support assembly 14 on the upper carrier assembly 12 (see. 1 ). From the lower carrier assembly is in 4 a side member 42 and a subsequent housing 18 recognizable. As explained above, the housing is on a cross member 20 attached. The articulated suspension is carried out in detail on a rod 16 , at its lower end, which may have a thread for this purpose, for example by means of a nut 58 a spherical cap 60 is appropriate. The spherical cap 60 has a spherical surface and acts in the embodiment shown with a ring-like cut counterpart 62 with a spherical inner surface 64 together. It can be seen that the cutout of the counterpart 62 larger than the diameter of the rod 16 , so that an inclination of the lower support assembly to which the in 4 shown housing 18 attached to all axes is possible. As a result, as mentioned above, the carrier arrangement can be adapted in a particularly flexible manner to inclined bridge geometries and other special applications.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 83/04274 [0003]
• - DE 2848536 A1 [0004]
• - EP 0004251 A1 [0004]
• - DE 266008731 [0004]
• US 3989218 [0004]

Claims (21)

Formwork arrangement ( 10 ) for the cantilever construction of bridges with at least one lower support arrangement ( 14 ) attached to an upper support assembly ( 12 ) and at least one suspension ( 16 ) via a ball joint ( 60 . 62 ) is stored. Formwork arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower support arrangement ( 14 ) is a carrier grid or grid. Formwork arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one suspension ( 16 ) in the region of the upper carrier arrangement ( 12 ) is provided adjustable in height. Formwork arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the lower support arrangement ( 14 ) and at least one suspension ( 16 ) at least one dome ( 60 ) is provided. Formwork arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that on the lower support arrangement ( 14 ) at least one housing ( 18 ) is provided, in which at least one dome ( 60 ) is recorded. Formwork arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one housing ( 18 ) on a support ( 20 ) is provided, which extends largely transverse to the Freivorbaurichtung. Formwork arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, with at least one support ( 20 ), which is designed as a closed, box-like hollow profile. Formwork arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the hollow profile carrier ( 20 ) from several sections ( 22 ) is composed. Formwork arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that at least two sections ( 22 ) with regard to their material and / or thickness. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that at least one hollow profile carrier ( 20 ) extends substantially perpendicular to the Freivorbaurichtung. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that at least one hollow profile carrier ( 20 ) at least one flange ( 24 ) having. Formwork arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one flange ( 24 ) extends substantially horizontally in a position of use. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that at least one hollow profile carrier ( 20 ) at least one grid of fasteners ( 26 ) having. Formwork arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that at least two rasters of fastening devices ( 26 ) with different distances between individual fastening devices ( 26 ) and / or different sizes of fastening devices ( 26 ) of the respective grid are formed. Formwork arrangement ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, with at least one largely horizontal plain bearing ( 34 ), that at least one bearing part ( 28 ) Made of plastic. Formwork arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that the plastic bearing part ( 28 ) on a moving part ( 30 ) of the formwork arrangement is provided. Formwork arrangement according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the plain bearing ( 34 ) at least one bearing part ( 32 ) made of metal, preferably steel. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the plain bearing ( 34 ) to a gradient of about 5%, preferably about 6%, more preferably about 10% is self-locking. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that at least one bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part ( 28 ) is provided replaceable. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that at least one bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part ( 28 ) is magnetically attached. Formwork arrangement according to one of the claims 15 to 20, characterized in that at least one sliding bearing between an inner shell carriage and / or a side formwork on the one hand and a fixed portion of the formwork assembly, on the other hand is provided.