WO2009043750A1

WO2009043750A1 - Formwork configuration for the cantilever construction of bridges

Info

Publication number: WO2009043750A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/062606
Authority: WO
Inventors: Johann Peneder
Original assignee: Doka Industrie Gmbh
Priority date: 2007-10-04
Filing date: 2008-09-22
Publication date: 2009-04-09
Also published as: ES2357731T3; PL2191073T3; EP2191073B1; DE102007047438A1; DE102007047438B4; BRPI0817511A2; DE502008002577D1; EP2191073A1; ATE498034T1

Abstract

A formwork configuration (10) for the cantilever construction of bridges has at least one lower girder configuration (14), which is suspended on an upper girder configuration (12) and is supported on at least one suspension (16) via a ball joint.

Description

Schalunqsanordnung for the cantilever construction of bridges

Technical area

The invention relates to a formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges.

In cantilevered concrete bridges, those formworks between which the necessary reinforcements are inserted and the concrete forming the next section shall be poured over the already established and sufficiently hardened section of the bridge. For this purpose, essentially carriers or rails are mounted at the end of the bridge section already created, in which an upper support assembly is movably mounted. The upper carrier arrangement can protrude in the free-living direction and / or over the lateral edge of the already created bridge section. Formwork for the upper area of the bridge may be attached to portions of the upper beam assembly. Further, a lower support assembly may be suspended from the upper support assembly, which are provided for optionally displaceable storage of other formwork for lower portions of the bridge and / or inner formwork in the case of a hollow box profile of the bridge. The storage of all movable elements usually takes place by means of rollers. After a new building section has been created, the formwork arrangement can be advanced to establish the reinforcements for the next section. In this context, the rails or beams on which the formwork arrangement is mounted, can be extended to the last created building section. State of the art

A formwork arrangement for the cantilever construction of bridges, are provided in the roller bearings and a formwork is independent of an outer formwork movable, is known from WO 83/04274.

DE 28 48 536 A1 relates to a similar arrangement in which sliding bearings can be provided. Further formwork arrangements from this area are evident from EP 0 004 251 A1, DE 26 60 087 B1 and US Pat. No. 3,989,218.

Presentation of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a formwork arrangement for cantilever construction, in particular of bridges, which is improved in view of the versatility of usability and / or the manufacturing cost of the formwork arrangement.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the formwork arrangement described in claim 1.

As a result, at least one lower carrier arrangement is suspended from a movably mounted upper carrier arrangement and mounted via at least one ball joint. As a result, the lower support assembly with respect to the upper support assembly can be inclined to some extent, which allows the realization of a particularly wide range of bridge sections. In addition, the power transmission can be done by means of the ball joint without bending moments. As a result, all the components involved, in particular the suspensions with less material and therefore be carried out more cost-effectively, which leads to economic benefits. The storage could also be executed gimbal, in particular with a cross piece, on the two fork pieces are connected, which pivot about axes in the same plane. The upper and / or lower carrier assembly extend in particular substantially horizontally, and the suspension is largely vertical, so that due to the thus formed angle, which is approximately 90 degrees, particularly favorable balance of power can be achieved. The suspension of the lower support assembly can be used in particular to accommodate the weight of the formwork during adjustment and / or the concrete load simultaneously.

Preferred developments of the formwork arrangement according to the invention are described in the further claims.

Both for the stability of the lower support assembly and the possibility of attaching other components, e.g. the actual formwork, it is presently preferred to provide the lower support arrangement as a support grid or grid.

The versatility is further improved if, as preferred, at least one suspension of the lower support assembly is provided height adjustable. The height adjustment can preferably be made steplessly and can be provided in an advantageous manner in the region of the upper support arrangement, and thus particularly easily and thus safely accessible. In this way, the position of individual suspensions can be adjusted individually, so that the positional relationship between the lower and upper carrier assembly can be changed particularly flexible. This further increases the adaptability of the inventive formwork arrangement to different geometries of the structures to be created, in particular bridges, and advantageously increases the spectrum of use.

With regard to the ball joint, at least one dome is currently being used. In order to protect the ball joint, in particular the dome, the use of at least one housing is further provided on the lower support assembly, in which the ball joint, in particular the dome is housed.

For the position of such a housing, it is presently preferred to provide it on a support which extends largely transversely to the free-living direction. For the attachment of the housing can advantageously

Fastening devices on a hollow-profile carrier, as described below, in particular those on the side flanges are used. Furthermore, longitudinal members of the carrier arrangement can be fastened between two housings.

At least one carrier of the formwork arrangement according to the invention is preferably provided as a closed, box-like hollow profile. By such a design, significantly lower tolerances can be realized than is the case with the previously used rolled sections. The described carrier can, for example, as

Welded construction and be composed of different sections. As a result, the materials and wall thicknesses of the individual sections can be adapted to those requirements that are placed on the respective section in an advantageous manner. This applies equally to machinability. In particular, it has been found in the first tests that a higher load capacity for bending and / or torsion can be realized by the construction according to the invention, compared with the previously used profiles of equal weight. Accordingly, weight and material can be saved at a given load capacity, which makes both the respective carrier cheaper to produce, as well as, in view of the considerable total weight of the formwork arrangement overall, in a positive way allows savings in other bearing parts. Furthermore, by T / EP2008 / 062606

the design of a carrier introduced as a hollow box profile standard components, which are known, for example, as Mietteile find use.

As mentioned, it has proved to be advantageous to assemble the hollow profile carrier from a plurality of sections in order to be able to adapt individual sections in a particularly efficient manner to the respective requirements imposed thereon.

This is reflected, for example, in that preferred development in which at least two sections of the hollow profile carrier differ with regard to their material and / or their thickness.

Although the use of hollow profile beams in many places of the formwork arrangement is intended and leads to the advantages described, it is presently preferred to use at least one hollow profile support such that it extends substantially perpendicular to the free-living direction, in other words transversely thereto and substantially horizontally , For carriers with this orientation, the advantages according to the invention could be realized particularly extensively.

With regard to the compatibility with other components of the formwork arrangement has also been found to be advantageous if the hollow-profile carrier has at least one flange. Furthermore, one or more such flanges can be particularly easily realized, especially in a welded construction and allow in the form of butt welding the use of particularly simple welding process.

With regard to the connection of further components to the hollow-section carrier according to the invention, it is further preferred at present for at least one flange to extend substantially horizontally in a position of use. From the same point of view, in the case of the formwork arrangement according to the invention, at least one hollow-profile carrier has at least one grid of fastening devices, for example fastening openings. These may, for example, be provided on one or more flanges and / or on one or more sections which, when viewed in cross-section, form the closed part of the hollow profile. By one or more such grid of fasteners, the connection of other components is possible at many different locations. As a result, the formwork arrangement according to the invention is versatile and can be adapted to a variety of bridge geometries. Furthermore, it is possible by the extensive connectivity options of components that surround the hollow-section beam according to the invention allows to carry out asymmetric structures to connect a bridge or other cantilever construction to existing buildings and drive past obstacles in cantilever construction. The numerous and provided in a grid fastening devices also allow a great deal of flexibility in terms of static design of the Schalungεanordnung itself up to an asymmetric force introduction, The described grid of fasteners allow the usability of many standard components and their attachment to numerous different locations. In particular, end regions of the hollow-section carrier according to the invention can remain unused and protrude from the formwork arrangement. Due to the weight reduction mentioned above, this leads to no significant disadvantages. To the feature discussed above, namely at least one grid of fasteners on a cantilever beam formwork support, in particular bridges, it should be noted that this aspect, including any particular or hereafter described particular features, is an innovation basically of design at least one carrier as a closed, box-like hollow profile is independent. In other words, a formwork arrangement for cantilever construction, in particular of bridges, with at least one support, which has at least one grid of fastening devices, to be regarded as the subject of the application, which can be combined with all the above and following features in an advantageous manner.

For the grid of fasteners, it has proven to be advantageous to provide thereof at least two, which differ in terms of the distances between individual fasteners and / or the sizes of the fasteners of the respective grid. In other words, a grid of fastening devices with a first spacing and / or a first size of fastening devices can be provided on a first section of the hollow profile carrier according to the invention, and a second or further grid is located on one or more other sections of the hollow profile carrier attachment means having a second, different distance between the attachment means and / or a second, different size attachment means. In this way, the possibility can be created in different areas of the hollow profile carrier advantageously to attach different components and / or components with a different screening.

Furthermore, in the formwork arrangement according to the invention is presently preferred, at least one sliding bearing between a movable and a fixed part of

To provide a formwork arrangement having at least one plastic bearing part. _The use of slide bearings offers the following advantages over the previously used roller bearings. For roller bearings, even at low bridge radii there is a risk that the rollers may be made of the rails intended for them or "on" the rails they support 008/062606

Carrier sections advised and run up / ride on flanges or the like, for example. Taking into account the considerable weight of such formwork arrangements, which may be heavy, for example, several tons. There is a considerable safety problem to the effect that the formwork arrangement falls back after such a rallying a roller bearing in the actually intended "bearing rail". Furthermore, roller bearings are problematic in structures with gradients, because for advancing the formwork arrangement usually oscillating cylinders are provided, which are supported in a first operating state on a support or a rail, which is attached to an already created building section, and advance the formwork arrangement. In a second operating state, the formwork arrangement remains in place and the cylinders are retracted so that the supports are retightened. In this situation, the usually tons-heavy formwork arrangement is unsecured and can move forward on a gradient due to the roller bearings described, which represents a significant security risk.

The plastic bearing part according to the invention significantly reduces the risk that the bearing moves out of its rail or from the support provided for storage. Furthermore, a plastic bearing part has proven to be advantageous in that it can be designed to be self-locking up to a certain gradient. Accordingly, even with structures with gradient, the formwork arrangement safely stay in place and the support, as described, be tightened. In other words, the bearing forces are calculable and can be taken into account for a defined behavior of the entire formwork arrangement, even during the second operating state described above. Finally, the plastic plain bearing according to the invention offers a comparison with roller bearings improved, namely area force application. For the plastic bearing part is currently preferred to provide this on a movable part of the formwork arrangement. It should be noted that the immovable part of the formwork arrangement, for example, one or more rails or beams may have a considerable longitudinal extent to ensure a certain range of motion for the formwork arrangement. If you were to provide it plastic bearing parts, they would also extend over a considerable area. In that regard, for reasons of efficiency, it is currently preferred to provide the plastic bearing parts on the comparatively short moving part of the formwork arrangement or only on individual sections thereof.

For the material pairing in the context of the plain bearing of the formwork arrangement according to the invention, a bearing part made of metal, preferably steel proved to be favorable as a further bearing part that cooperates with the plastic bearing part. By such a combination of materials particularly well calculable, for example, self-locking storage properties can be realized.

In practice, it is presently preferred that the sliding bearing be self-locking up to a gradient of about 5%, preferably about 6%, and more preferably up to 10%. As a result, a wide range of applications can be covered with a particularly secure approach.

Taking into account the effort resulting from wear of the bearing parts, it also proves to be advantageous to provide at least one bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part interchangeable.

The attachment of the plastic bearing part can be particularly easily and efficiently done in a magnetic manner. Furthermore, the plastic bearing part can be provided in an advantageous manner as part of a sliding bearing between any movable components or sections of a formwork arrangement for cantilever construction, in particular of bridges. In first attempts, however, particularly good experiences were made when such a sliding bearing between an inner shell carriage and / or a side mold on the one hand and a fixed portion of the formwork arrangement on the other hand was provided.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a formwork arrangement according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a hollow section beam in the formwork arrangement of FIG. 1; FIG.

Fig. 3 is a bottom perspective view of a slide bearing in the formwork arrangement of Fig. 1; and

4 shows a perspective, partially cutaway view of a detail from FIG. 1.

Detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the shuttering arrangement 10 according to the invention, which in the cantilevered direction can have an extension of a few meters, for example of five meters, is supported on an already created section 30 of a bridge. The already created Bridge portion 30 cantilevered freely, and the formwork assembly 10 may be provided to create another, again cantilevered section. To support the formwork arrangement 10 four supports 32 are attached to the already created bridge section 30 in the case shown, which essentially serve for the storage and support of the formwork arrangement 10. The carriers 32 essentially act as rails on which the formwork arrangement 10, as described in more detail below, is displaceably mounted. In Fig. 1, a state is shown in which the formwork assembly 10, of which any formwork is not shown, has been advanced out of the last created section and is located in the situation shown immediately before the last created section.

The support of the formwork arrangement 10 on the supports 32 in the case shown by sliding bearings 34, which cooperate substantially with the upper surfaces of the support 32. The forward movement is accomplished in the case shown by two hydraulic cylinders 36 which oscillate and alternately, supporting themselves on supports 38, advance the formwork assembly 10 or, while the formwork assembly 10 remains stationary, the supports 38 tighten. In addition to the described plain bearings 34, abutments 40 are provided, which can engage, for example, protruding flanges of the supports 32 in order to support the weight of the overhanging formwork arrangement. Furthermore, anchor rods may be provided for this purpose.

Generally speaking, the formwork arrangement comprises an upper support arrangement 12, which consists of transverse 20 and longitudinal members 42. About a plurality of rods 16 is suspended from the upper support assembly 12, a lower support assembly 14, which also has transverse 20 and longitudinal members 42. On the upper 12 and / or the lower support assembly 14, inter alia, due to the below-described Possibilities for attaching standard components, standardized stages may be appropriate. In the example shown, all cross member 20 are designed as a hollow profile carrier, as explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2. In addition, it can be seen in FIG. 1 that stabilization of the carrier arrangement can take place between the carriers 20, in particular in the case of the upper carrier arrangement 12, by additional, for example diagonally oriented struts 44. Further, diagonally downwardly extending supports 46 may be provided to form the upper formwork assembly 12 with truss-like sections. It also follows that the upper support assembly, substantially in the form of the cross member 20, in the vertical direction from the surface of the bridge portion 30 is spaced so that the space located under the upper support assembly advantageously for the required work, such as the introduction of Reinforcements, is kept free. The space available for this purpose is further increased by the fact that the mentioned diagonal struts 44 are arranged in comparatively outer regions, so that the intermediate inner region can be used in a favorable manner for the delivery of reinforcement and the like. The suspension of the lower support assembly 14 is carried out in the example shown by a plurality of rods 16, in which the lower support assembly 14 is mounted in a special manner, which will be described in more detail below.

Referring first to Fig. 2, the construction of the respective cross members 20 of the formwork arrangement of Fig. 1 will be described in detail. As can be seen in Fig. 2, the respective carrier 20, seen in cross-section, as seen at the front end (Fig. 2), a closed, box-like cross-section. This is formed in the example shown by different sections, in the case shown by two largely horizontally oriented sections 22.1 and two in the illustration largely vertical aligned web sections 22.2. As a result of the fact that the horizontal sections 22.1 have a greater width than the web sections 22.2 are spaced from one another, projecting flanges 24 are formed on the lateral edges of the carrier 20. Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen schematically that the horizontal sections 22.1 are somewhat thicker than the web sections 22.2. This indicates that these sections may be provided with different thicknesses and / or different materials in accordance with the different requirements imposed thereon. In the upper right-hand area of FIG. 2, ie in the rear area (as shown in FIG. 2) of the carrier 20, an end plate 48 can be seen, which protrudes in all directions over the sections 22 of the carrier 20 in the example shown. It should be noted that the carrier 20 may also have at its other end, ie the front end of FIG. 2 such an end plate 48, which is omitted for the sake of illustrating the interior of the carrier 20 in Fig. 2. On the plattendplatte 48 numerous fasteners in the form of mounting holes 50 can be seen, by means of which the attachment of surrounding components is possible.

This similarly applies to the grids of fasteners in the form of openings 26.1 which extend substantially the entire length of the support 20 and in the longitudinal direction thereof. In the case shown, a comparatively narrow grid of fastening devices in the form of openings 26.1 is provided on all laterally projecting flanges 24 of the carrier 20. The individual openings of this grid can, for example, have a spacing of approximately 10 cm and ^{serve to fasten sι} truss ^components, such as the diagonal ^supports 44 and / or the diagonal ^{supports 46. In the exemplary} embodiment shown, the fastening devices 26.2 of a second grid, which are located in the region of the (seen in cross section) closed, box-like area is located at a greater distance and a larger diameter of the openings. The distance may be, for example, 20 cm and may serve to guide rods 16 (see Fig. 1) for the suspension of the lower support assembly 14. As shown in Fig. 2, the profile of the support 20 may be described as an I-profile with a double center web be so that in the region of the central web {seen in cross-section) closed hollow profile is formed. The horizontal sections 22.1 and the web sections 22.2 of the carrier 20 and the end plates 48 may be welded together, for example. By way of example, the carrier shown in Fig. 2 may have a height dimension (in the direction of the web portions 22.2) of about 40 cm.

In Fig. 3, a drive unit is shown, which has a sliding bearing 34, a hydraulic cylinder 36 and a support 38 substantially. The operation of the drive unit has been explained above with reference to FIG. 1. From Fig. 3 it can be seen in addition that the sliding bearing 34 in the embodiment shown has two skids 52 which are slidably provided on the upper sides of the attached to the completed bridge section 30 carrier 32. The runners 52 have lateral boundaries 54 largely in the form of plates and plastic bearing parts 28. The plastic bearing parts 28 may be matched to the other bearing part, in the case shown the carrier 32, such that the storage is self-locking up to a certain slope. Furthermore, the plastic bearing parts can be interchangeable and / or magnetically attached to the runners 52. Furthermore, in the drive unit shown in Fig. 3, a substantially longitudinal direction, i. provided in the free-trimming direction axis 56, on which the upper support assembly may be rotatably mounted about a substantially horizontal axis.

FIG. 4 shows a detail of the hinged suspension of the lower one to be recognized in an overall view in FIG Carrier assembly 14 on the upper support assembly 12 (see Fig. 1). Of the lower support assembly is in Fig. 4, a longitudinal member 42 and an adjoining housing 18 can be seen. As explained above, the housing is attached to a cross member 20. The articulated suspension is carried out in detail on a rod 16, at its lower end, which may have a thread for this purpose, for example by means of a nut 58, a spherical cap 60 is attached. The spherical cap 60 has a spherical surface and cooperates in the embodiment shown with a ring-like cut counterpart 62 with a spherical inner surface 64. It can be seen that the cutout of the counterpart 62 is larger than the diameter of the rod 16, so that an inclination of the lower support assembly, to which the housing 18 shown in Fig. 4 is attached, is possible around all the axes. As a result, as mentioned above, the carrier arrangement can be adapted in a particularly flexible manner to inclined bridge geometries and other special applications.

Claims

claims

1. Formwork arrangement (10) for the cantilever construction of bridges with at least one lower support assembly (14) suspended from a movably mounted upper support assembly (12} and at least one suspension (16) via a ball joint (60, 62} is mounted.

2. The formwork arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower carrier arrangement {14} is a carrier grid or grid.

3. Formwork arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one suspension (16) in the region of the upper support arrangement (12) is provided adjustable in height.

4. Formwork arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one dome (60) is provided between the lower carrier arrangement (14) and at least one suspension (16).

5. Formwork arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one housing (18) is provided on the lower carrier arrangement (14) in which at least one dome (60) is accommodated.

6. Formwork arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one housing (18) on a support (20) is provided which extends substantially transversely to the free-living direction.

7. Formwork arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, with at least one carrier (20) which is designed as a closed, box-like hollow profile.

8. The formwork arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the hollow profile carrier (20) is composed of a plurality of sections (22).

9. The formwork arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that at least two sections (22) differ with respect to their material and / or their thickness.

10. The formwork arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one hollow profile carrier (20) extends substantially perpendicular to the free-living direction.

11. The formwork arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one hollow profile carrier (20) has at least one flange (24).

12. The formwork arrangement as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that at least one flange (24) extends substantially horizontally in a use position.

13. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that at least one hollow profile carrier (20) has at least one grid of fastening means (26).

14. The formwork arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that at least two rasters of fastening devices (26) with different distances between individual ones

Fastening means (26} and / or different sizes of the fastening means (26) of the respective grid are formed.

15. Formwork arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, with at least one largely horizontal slide bearing (34) which has at least one bearing part (28) made of plastic.

16. The formwork arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that the plastic bearing part (28) is provided on a movable part (30) of the formwork arrangement.

17. A formwork arrangement according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that a sliding bearing (34) further comprises at least one bearing part (32) made of metal, preferably steel.

18. Formwork arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that the sliding bearing (34) is self-locking up to a gradient of about 5%, preferably about 6%, more preferably about 10%.

19. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that at least one bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part (28) is provided interchangeable.

20. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that at least one bearing part, preferably the plastic bearing part (28) is magnetically fixed.

21. Formwork arrangement according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that at least one sliding bearing between an inner shell carriage and / or a side formwork on the one hand and a fixed portion of the formwork arrangement on the other hand is provided.