DE102006056433A1 - Airport passenger terminal has all units required for international passenger travel prefabricated in modular spatial units which can be transported to any location by conventional means of land, sea or air transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

The airport passenger terminal has all units required for international passenger travel prefabricated in modular spatial units which can be transported to any location by conventional means of land, sea or air transportation and assembled in the shortest time into a functionally capable passenger terminal. All the modules in outside dimensions and corner fittings correspond to an ISO standard 20' transporting container of 1 C designation.

Description

The The invention relates to a passenger terminal of mobile room units. Passenger terminals are for airports, seaports but also for large train stations, bus stations and the like needed.

One Passenger terminal of the type described here can be used universally However, it is essentially based on the example of an airport, in particular also an internationally usable airport described. Worldwide the passenger terminals of the airports are at capacity limits, as the passenger numbers annually rising strongly. In the same way, the demands on the Security equipment, especially at international airports, the Demand for high throughput capacity for luggage and throughput of passengers. Furthermore, many terminals are being modernized, which is currently usually only by complete conversions goes. For capacity increase or also for the modernization of the arrival and departure areas of terminals become conventional in the rule Extension or New buildings conventionally created on site. The weather-dependent realization of the terminal at the place of construction significantly influences the construction time and can to serious time delays, cost increases or loss of revenue at the handling facilities. In Usually needed one for one the technical development a lot of time and a lot of specialized staff, there on site after completion of the building, the multiple interfaces, especially in high-tech terminals have to.

Terminals are today, such as the new airport in Bangkok or the terminal 2 Munich Airport in glass and steel construction with correspondingly large and stable hollow sections, partly with repeating skeleton razors manufactured.

In The construction technique is a series of modular designs known, respectively individually for depending on the purpose of the building and spatial design find use. It is known building footprints to rasterize. It is also known, prefabricated parts, such as a residential building and to be used in a construction to be erected otherwise on site. For residential buildings, For example, in wooden panel construction, complete residential buildings in prefabricated in a factory and delivered to the construction site in boards, then according to the architectural plans be assembled. It is also known on construction sites Container villages too to build that for the construction team as an office, Accommodation and sanitary facilities can serve. In rare cases be for hospitals or dormitories prefabricated modules, which are planned in one size so that they are just being transported to the construction site can, for example, adjusted to the height for the nearest bridge.

It has been proposed with the US 2005/0138867 A1, various ecological To develop house types for the most diverse purposes. A modular system or modular system is not revealed.

Out US 2003/0213184 A1 is known for the control / person control of passengers and luggage by similar or identically constructed units in single or multiple arrangement to arrange next to each other or in a row in an airport. A modular design of prefabricated units is not disclosed.

A Prefabricatable unit shows the document US 2002/0189173 A1, a power supply or disposal facility known as complete module prefabricated spent at a place of use can be. The modules can alternatively or additively equipped with an electric power generation plant, a water supply system, a wastewater treatment plant or the like. Such containers can then, for example, to residential buildings, The built on site will be flanged if appropriate Interfaces are available.

The present invention assumes that such a container for the Primary energy supply or disposal in combination with the invention to be described herein Can be used.

Out the cited prior art results for the present Invention the problem, a passenger terminal and a manufacturing process to suggest for that in the shortest time possible time functional and turnkey in all parts of the world can be delivered and erected.

The Problem is solved by the invention the features of the claims 1 and 13. Further developments of the invention are covered in the subclaims.

The solution initially comprises a transit terminal, as may typically be used at international airports, consisting of mobile room units in modular design, all necessary for passenger transport facilities, at least for the terminal areas passenger registration / check-in, arrival rooms, departure rooms, baggage handling, terminal-specific technology , Administration, building technology contains, from modular to each other complementary, stable for themselves spatial units vorfertigbar and by means of conventional transport vehicles for standardized containers on land, water and air to the predetermined up transported location and there can be assembled in a short time to a functional passenger terminal building according to a predetermined grid.

there should be used in their length and space units Width correspond to a DIN / ISO standardized transport container and in height for the Purpose of use are typified.

For example a room unit is used, essentially a box container with the designation 1C according to DIN / ISO.

In any case All room units are cuboid trained and have a steel frame, not like the box container from any profiles, but from standardized hollow sections, for example Mannesmann steel structural profiles with preferably rectangular cross-section. The room units exist therefore first from a frame of hollow profiles, wherein the hollow profiles the edges of the cuboid. If necessary, floors or side walls or blankets are pulled in, as is known by the box containers is. However, it can also be such a steel frame as modulate room unit be used per se, for example as a support structure for more Room units to be placed on or next to it.

such Room units, the standard prefabricated can be in a factory, which is weather independent, can then with usual Means of transport, namely Transport vehicles for the container transport are suitable to a prepared location be transported. Worldwide, the entire handling technology is on it designed, such containers of a means of transport, for example a sea ship on the railroad, an airplane or a truck to turn over and carry on. The steel frames of the modules are the static conditions according to their requirements as a part of the building calculated, but also for dynamic loads during the transport with the different means of transport and if necessary dynamic loads resulting from installations in the modules designed.

With such modules can be realized according to the invention a small airport or an airport with a terminal or in case of disaster a temporary one Aerodrome terminal to be built.

Basically divided such a terminal building in at least five Functional areas, namely the passenger departure, the passenger arrival, the passenger handling or luggage handling a public or commercial area, for example for retail shops or for Waiting halls and a wing for the administration and technical units for the building and, if applicable, for the terminal function in connection with the airport or seaport.

The cited standards for Containers include, for example, so-called 20-foot ISO shipping containers with a length of 20 feet correspond well 6 meters and a width of about 8 feet corresponding to just under 2.5 m. In the standardized container construction these containers also have a height from about 8 feet. For building becomes another height selected preferably at terminals a height of about 3.20 m gross or 2.75 m internal dimension of Container, what continuous the usual ceiling heights in such buildings equivalent. Instead of 20 feet long Containers of equal width and height can also 30-foot or 40-foot container Use find in this invention. The gross weights (total permissible Weight) are about 20, 25 or 30 tons according to the container size. These weights leave sufficient payload for a complete Prefabrication of the individual modules as fully functional units with appropriate interfaces to neighboring modules too.

One Terminal usually consists of several floors, for example four levels and can be modular the modules mentioned are assembled.

• – Konstruieren des Terminals für eine Standardgröße mit einer geringsten angenommenen Passagierzahl, beispielsweise von 500.000 Passagieren pro Jahr.
• – In ein derartiges Terminal werden alle Funktionsbereiche, die erwünscht sind eingebaut, mindestens jedoch die zuvor zitierten Bereiche für die Passagiererfassung bzw. -abfertigung, ebenso die Gepäckabfertigung, eine Eingangszone oder Ankunftszone, eine Abgangszone sowie öffentliche und kommerzielle Flächen für den Verkauf von Speisen und Getränken oder von anderen typischen Geschäften für Dutyfree-Artikel oder Reisebedarf sowie die Terminaltechnologie, beispielsweise die Überwachung der Befeuerung eines Flugplatzes, die Verwaltung und die Gebäudetechnik wie die gesamte Energieabteilung und den Brandschutz u.ä.;
• – nach diesem Schritt erfolgt ein planerisches Zerteilen des Terminals horizontal in zwei Achsen und vertikal in der dritten Achse, insgesamt also in ein kubisches Raster bzw. Raumeinheiten mit Längen und Breiten entsprechend genormter DIN/ISO-Container mit einer zu fixierenden bzw. vorzugebenden Höhe.
• – Danach werden die Funktionsbereiche optimiert auf die Größe der Raumeinheiten und entsprechende Schnittstellen zwischen den Raumeinheiten vorgesehen, damit Türen, Fenster oder Energieleitungen an der richtigen Stelle miteinander gekoppelt werden können und ein hoher Vorfertigungsgrad möglich ist;
• – die Raumeinheiten werden vorgefertigt und zum Aufstellort transportiert, komplett ausgestattet mit funktionsfähigen Bauteilen entsprechend dem späteren Verwendungszweck.
• – Am Aufstellort wird baukastenmäßig das Terminalgebäude aus den Modulen zusammengesetzt.

The procedure for creating such a passenger terminal comprises the following steps, which can be supplemented by further steps:

• Constructing the terminal for a standard size with a least accepted number of passengers, for example 500,000 passengers per year.
• - In such a terminal, all functional areas that are desired built at least the previously cited areas for passenger collection or processing, as the baggage handling, an entrance or arrival zone, a departure zone and public and commercial space for the sale of food and Beverages or other typical shops for duty-free items or travel necessities, as well as terminal technology, such as the monitoring of the aerodrome lighting, the administration and the building services such as the entire energy department and the fire protection and the like;
• After this step, the terminal is split horizontally in two axes and vertically in the third axis, that is to say overall into a cubic grid or units of space with lengths and widths corresponding to standardized DIN / ISO containers with one to be fixed or amount to be specified.
• - Thereafter, the functional areas are optimized to the size of the room units and corresponding interfaces between the room units provided so that doors, windows or power lines can be coupled together in the right place and a high degree of prefabrication is possible;
• - The room units are prefabricated and transported to the installation site, fully equipped with functional components according to the intended use.
• - At the installation site, the terminal building is modularly assembled from the modules.

In the meantime - during the Production of the room units - could at the place of installation for the terminal for it be taken care of, that all necessary energy and infrastructure connections like roads, Paths, lighting, etc. as well as foundations to be prepared independently until to interfaces where they are coupled to the terminal building can.

One Such a prepared terminal can by inserting or appending Modules are enlarged as far as that the number of passengers to be handled, any elevated which it turned out to be that at one Planning of terminals of 500,000 passengers an expansion on up to 5,000,000 passengers annually easily possible is. Larger terminals are also manufacturable, but then should of a prototype variant at least 1,000,000 from the outset or 3,000,000 passengers annually are intended as users.

Not all parts of the terminal building have to consist of such room units. It can also hall-like areas, such as. the waiting zone for Passengers, as column-free Designed rooms By moving from one module to another such space in the Building spans becomes. The for the spanning required supporting systems or steel beams and the like can work in a similar way to the modules prefabricated and by means of empty room units, which later Place in the terminal only a support function have to be transported to the construction site or to the place of installation.

The Steel frames of the room units are calculated so that they all can absorb vertical loads from roof and ceiling constructions and in adjacent or arranged under him room modules discharged the load and supported can be. The room units are also designed so that they meet the requirements for the transport over Land, grown on water or in the air.

The Procedure for creating a passenger terminal in the first Both stages have been described previously.

In The third phase will be parallel to the construction of the infrastructure and realized the prefabrication of the modules on the construction site. there be in the production process all planned interior fittings and technical facilities already during the prefabrication built into the modules. Cross-module installations are prepared so that they are at the installation with little effort can be connected e.g. by pressing, screwing or crimping the corresponding Power lines. Likewise, the complete furniture already during the Prefabrication to be installed in room units; this is only for transportation secure accordingly.

In The fourth phase will be the prefabricated modules for transport if necessary, weatherproof secured and then on appropriate means of transport spent at the installation site. Already during the transport phase of The first modules are prefabricated in the manufacturing plant and for the Transport prepared. The inventors have found that about 400 modules can be produced within one month in a prefabrication are. Therefore a prototype of an airport terminal to be described Sort of only about 406 modules are needed can the entire building be prefabricated within about a month.

At the Location can in the further production phase after preparation of the construction field the individual room units stacked like kits on top of each other as soon as strip foundations or similar finished. The modules will be either bolted together or by welding together connected. This is not a complicated assembly technique necessary, but only usual Tool and a mobile crane that is capable of the heaviest Modular unit to transport to the place and in the height, in the this in the terminal building is provided.

Ultimately can in a seventh phase the prepared energy and infrastructure connections to the Terminal are docked and the terminal is turnkey or ready for operation.

These Of course, operational readiness requires that the completely prefabricated Room units have already been tested and tested in the prefabrication plant, so that at the site of re-testing, e.g. deleted from lines.

If so desired or required, a façade can be hung or a roof applied to such a prefabricated terminal building For example, in order to achieve a ventilated facade in a desert climate or to have appropriate Abfangmöglichkeiten for rainfall and cold in severe weather.

Based an embodiment the invention should be closer being represented. Show it:

1 the floor plan of a terminal on the ground floor,

2 the floor plan of the first floor of the terminal,

3 the floor plan of the second floor of the terminal,

4 the floor plan of a third floor of the terminal,

5 a plan view of the roof of a terminal according to the 1 to 4 .

6 a view of the building along the grid line Aa in 1 .

7 a section between the axes Ah and Ai according to 1 .

8th a front view of the building along the grid axis A18 according to 1 ,

9 a rear view of the building along grid axis A1 according to 1

10 an enlarged view of the 1 in the area of the reference number 10 .

11 Section of the building on the 1st floor above the area of the reference number 10 .

12 a section from the 4th floor between the grid axes Am and An and A5 to A7,

13 an enlarged section of the 4th floor between grid axes An - Ap and A2 to A4

14 Standard frame of a box container according to the prior art.

The entire building is divided by a horizontal grid with the plan lines 1 to 18 and in the second axis with the grid lines A to P for all surfaces of the four floors. The grid lines 1 to 18 each have a distance corresponding to a container width, while the grid lines with the letters A to P each have a distance corresponding to a container length. In this case, it is the basic dimensions of a 20-foot container with a length of 6 m and a width of about 2.5 m. 1 shows the floor plan of an embodiment of a terminal on the ground floor. The floor plan shows in the 1 from bottom to top horizontal grid lines 1 to 18 and vertical direction grid lines A to P.

To the left of grid line A is a grid line Av. In the following, the grid lines are also referred to as axes with the capital letter A and the following line number and the capital letter A and an additional letter for the other grid axis. The fields between the intersections of the grid axes or grid lines correspond exactly to the basic size of a standard container, as standardized by ISO, in which case the area between the grid lines has the basic dimensions of a 20-foot container. Between the grid lines A and B, the distance is about 20 feet, this is 6.05 m, while the distance between, for example, the grid line 16 and 15 8-foot, so corresponds to 2.45 m. In the 8th and 9 The floor heights or heights of the room units are to be seen, they are in the grid spacing an arbitrary measure of 3.20 m, resulting in an interior height for each room unit or each module of 2.75 m results.

It can be clearly seen that a space unit is assigned to each field between the grids, in an enlarged scale it is particularly in 12 and 13 to recognize.

In the prototype definition of the grid for the airport initially only the grid lines A1 to A18 and AA to AP were provided, with all components of the terminal were within the grid lines with the exception of infrastructure access 11 for the terminal. In a further consideration, it was noticed that the airport with airside 1 and the so-called Land Side 2, the access for passengers, usefully still around a baggage band 10 should be extended. Therefore, a raster line Aav has been added between the grid lines A6 and A14 parallel to the raster line AA and there are further additional modules ( 10 ) Z1 to Z8, which is a luggage wheelchair 25 accommodate. In this way, it is possible to accommodate additional modules at all points or in several floors, as the skilled person will recognize in the course of the description. On the land side 2, the access for the passengers are, after having a public space 5 enter, for example, a travel agency counter on the right 8th and a rental car counter 7 or on the left side a ticket counter 9 , After purchasing a ticket, the passenger can go to the check-in counters 6 Of which nine are shown here, through a control area finally in the departure lounge 3 to get. Before the He can depart in a duty-free shop 14 Travel requirements or in the restaurant 15 Food. When calling the flight, he can, his assigned gate 12 happen to the airside 1 to get to where, for example, an aircraft is ready to its destination. It can be seen that even administrative offices 13 are intended for the airside employees who have to do their job there. On the right side of the 1 is the access 11 for arriving passengers to recognize the arrivals hall 4 to receive their luggage at the luggage racks and the building via the public area 5 to leave, for example, to rent a car at the car rental counter 7 To provide.

2 shows the same grid as in the 1 can be seen, but here is missing the axis AAv because the luggage belt in the area 10 only housed in room units on the ground floor. On the first floor are for example technical surfaces 17 but also provided ancillary areas 18 for the restaurant or other offices 16 along the entire building frontage on the land side 2 , The area 19 designates the airspaces above the departure lounge during the area 20 to designate the airspace above the arrivals hall.

In 3 the floor plan of the second floor of the terminal can be seen, here with the reference number 22 the roof areas of the first floor are designated, since there are no room units on the third floor above the departure hall and the arrival hall; Only in the area 21 There is a technology bridge that covers the engineering surfaces in 2 combines. Landside are with 23 numerous offices for administration or other needs, for example, to recognize conference rooms.

In the same way shows 4 further office or administrative rooms 24 on the land side 2 while to the air side 1 in this Grundgriss only the roof 22 can be seen above the arrivals and departures hall.

5 shows as a top view, the roof 22 again the design of the terminal with the different grid axes.

6 adjusts to a view of the terminal building along the grid line A in 1 without the additional room units with the luggage belt, while 7 a section between the axes Ah and Ai according to 1 through the building from the air side 1 to the land side 2 represents. It can clearly be seen that in the area of the departure hall or arrivals hall the terminal is only two storeys high with the technology bridge 21 while the building is four-storey on the land side and through a roof 3.22 is limited.

8th shows the front view of the building from the air side, so a view that corresponds to the grid axis A18. In the upper part of the building a curtain wall is indicated, which can serve the labeling but also the air conditioning of the building.

9 therefore shows the back or the land side 2 of the terminal so along the grid axis. 1

In 10 is an enlarged view of the area 10 with the additional modules, namely to see the room modules Z1 to Z8, in which the luggage belt 25 which, after planning the prototype of the terminal, was originally intended to extend only to axes Aa, was provided with this stem, for which purpose a further axis AAv between the grid lines A14 to A6 was planned. Z1 to Z8 each represent a room unit or a module.

11 shows the same area, but now the first floor; It can be seen that here no additional stem exists, but only the Grundgriss of the terminal in this area between the grid axes Aa to Ac or A7 to A14 can be seen. In the area of the departure hall whose airspace can be seen on the first floor, it can be seen that the hall through a carrier system 26 is overstretched. This carrier system has been prefabricated in sections which are shorter than room units, so that they could be transported to the installation site in the empty containers / empty modules, for example Z1 to Z8, where they serve as carriers for the hall roof over the departure area in the manner shown here.

14 shows with R the frame of a commercial box container according to the prior art, without walls, without ceiling and without floor.

The 12 and 13 show enlarged portions of the terminal and that from the fourth floor of the terminal. In 12 Two room units / modules with the designation M4.073 and M4.058 are arranged side by side and together form a pantry on the left side and a sanitary room on the right side. Each module, for example module M4.058, consists of a square tube frame whose vertical struts are indicated by the reference R58. The remaining edges of the container produced in the same construction, as in the prior art according to 14 to recognize are in this 12 not shown. The room unit M4.058 or the module M4.058 is in this case arranged between the latch axes Am and An ei on the other hand, and the grid lines A5 and A6 on the other. Adjacent to it is the module M4.073 between the grid axes A6 and A7 and is welded thereto by welds to the tubular frame R58 or R73, so that the modules M4.058 and M4.073 are immovably connected to each other. This makes it possible to assign a pantry from the manufacturer's plant initially in parts F2 and F3 in both modules, and on the construction site the internals F2 and F3 are only coupled with each other. The same applies to the interface through the sanitary cell. Already at the manufacturer's plant, it was envisaged at which point doors should be installed to the module M4.058 or a window in the module M4.073 was to be provided.

While 12 shows two adjacent module units is in 13 the scale has been slightly reduced and there are four modular units M4.014 and M4.015 and M4.029 and M4.030 welded to the tubular frame or hollow profile frame together so that there is an office unit of an office and a meeting room in which the Furniture F was already assembled during the production of the room module. Only in the case of the module M4.029 the furniture F1 on the site had to go crazy in the position shown here to realize a corresponding furniture landscape.

All room modules have room edges, which consist of square hollow profiles of the type MSH 100mm × 100mm with wall thicknesses between 6 and 12 mm. These frames or module base bodies are so stable that both the static function in the finished terminal and the dynamic load during transport can be easily absorbed. For the expert it is clear that an assignment of the modules or containers in the in 12 or 13 As shown, it requires that in the factory the sides of the module, which have no walls are temporarily sealed weatherproof, so that during transport from the place of manufacture to the site not unnecessarily rubbish into the modules. The sanitary cell according to 12 is prepared in such a way that all water connections and power connections are laid in the walls or ceilings and floors, and only at the interfaces exceeding the room module at an interface by appropriate screw, press or plug connection, the power lines must be coupled.

1

airside

2

country side

3

departure

4

Arrivals

5

public Surface / access

6

Check-in counters

7

Rental car counters

8th

Travel Agency Counter

9

ticket Counter

10

Luggage arrival / departure

11

Arrivals entrance

12

departure output

13

administration Level 0

14

commercial area Departure (Shops)

15

restaurant

16

offices

17

technology area

18

restaurant Secondary area

19

airspace departure hall

20

airspace arrival hall

21

technology

22

roofs

23

Offices administration Level 2

24

Offices administration Level 3

25

conveyor belt

26

support system

F

Furniture

Z

additional module

Aa-p

grid line

A1-14

grid line

M

module

R

frame part

Claims (18)

Passenger terminal of mobile room units (modules), characterized in that all necessary for passenger traffic facilities, at least for the terminal areas check-in, arrival, departure, baggage handling, terminal-specific technology, management, building services, from modular, mutually complementary, per se stable room units vorfertigbar are transported by conventional transport vehicles for standard containers on land, water and air to the predetermined location and there can be assembled in a short time to a functional passenger terminal building according to a predetermined grid. Passenger terminal according to claim 1, characterized that all room units in lengths and widths correspond to a DIN / ISO standardized transport container and in height are typed. Passenger terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that all room units in the lengths and widths of a DIN / ISO standardized box container of the name 1C correspond. Passenger terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all room units are cuboid and steel frame from standardized hollow profiles. Passenger terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked that all vertical loads from the steel frame the modules are worn. Passenger terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the modules, at the site with standardized Fittings are stably bolted together or welded. Passenger terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that all Connections of pipes and pipes between the modules as am Installation site can only be realized by plug-in, press or screw connections are. Passenger terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that each modular room unit with as possible complete pre-installation according to its function in the terminal is prefabricated. Passenger terminal according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with modules for international air traffic comprising commercially utilizable areas bistros, duty free shops ( 14 ), public restaurants ( 15 ), Rental cars, travel agencies and ticket counters ( 7 . 8th . 10 ). Passenger terminal after one of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that it is modular horizontal and vertical is expandable. Passenger terminal after one of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that the modular room units removable and elsewhere are mountable again. Passenger terminal after one of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that all technical installations and Möblierungen built into the modules at the prefabrication site and for transport securely fixed to the place of installation. Method of creating a passenger terminal comprising the steps: - To construct of the terminal for a standard size with a least accepted number of passengers, - scheduling all at least necessary functional areas: passenger registration or check-in, departure Arrival zone, public / commercial surfaces, Terminal technology, administration and building technology, - Planning Splitting the terminal horizontally and vertically into cubic rasters / Room units (modules) with lengths and widths corresponding standardized DIN / ISO container with to be fixed Height, - Optimize of functional areas by inserting Interfaces between the room units, - Construction and transport of functional room units to the place of installation, - modular assembly the modules of the terminal building at the prepared place of installation. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that that by inserting or appending Modules the number of passengers that are handled in the terminal should, increased becomes. Method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized that at the place of installation for the terminal all required power and infrastructure connections regardless of to be created terminal building be prepared up to interfaces. Method according to one of claims 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that for overvoltage of air spaces ( 19 . 20 ) in or on the terminal modular support systems are assembled from modular elements, transported in the modules, which have only static function in the terminal. Method according to one of Claims 13 to 16, characterized that the prefabricated modules tested in the prefabrication and being checked and be put into operation immediately after installation at the installation site. Method according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized that by a curtain Modular facade and / or a corresponding modular structure Roof the terminal building the climatic conditions is adjusted at the installation site.