EP3631122B1 - Modular stadium for sporting and cultural events - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a modular system for building stadiums or grandstands, which is assembled from prefabricated and largely standardized individual parts and system elements.

Especially at major international sporting events, such as a world or European championship in a mass sport or a Olympiad, there is a need to build large stadiums for tens of thousands of spectators for the duration of the event. It is often difficult or even impossible to find a meaningful and economically viable use for these stadiums after the end of the major event. For reasons of sustainability and resource conservation, such major events, which go hand in hand with the construction of conventional stadiums, are viewed increasingly critically.

From the DE 201 08 513 U1 discloses a canopy for grandstands that can be placed on a grandstand designed as a truss.

From the GB E 2 368 041 A1 a grandstand is known whose seating steps are not made of concrete but of a multi-layer sandwich.

The object of the invention is to provide a stadium or a modular system for erecting stadiums or grandstands that can be easily assembled, meets all relevant safety requirements, and can be used again after the major event is over dismantled and reassembled at a different location - in the same or a different configuration.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a stadium for sporting and cultural events with the features of claim 1 .

Due to the modular and largely bolted construction and the limitation of the main dimensions of all individual parts of the stadium in such a way that the individual parts can be loaded into an ISO container, usually also referred to as an overseas container, it is possible to transport the entire stadium in a large number of such ISO Delivering containers to the planned location and setting them up on site.

Many assemblies or technology modules are permanently installed in individual ISO containers and can be used in the framework according to the invention. Examples of such technical modules are ventilation and air conditioning systems, heating, air conditioning, sound reinforcement and lighting in the stadium, elevators and stairwells. However, lounges for players and visitors (VIP lounges) and rooms for entertaining guests can also be accommodated in ISO containers.

Due to the modular design according to the invention, stadiums of different sizes can be built from the individual parts of a stadium according to the invention. This is done simply by increasing or decreasing the length of the straight stands set up parallel to a playing field as needed. In addition, the curves that connect two straight grandstands can be executed with different radii, so that the circumference of the stadium can be easily scaled in the tangential direction. Furthermore, it is possible to have a stadium with one grandstand or two grandstands to create. This will almost double the seating capacity.

Accordingly, in the stadium according to the invention, it is not necessary to fix the number of spectators to a certain value, but the number of seats can be newly determined according to the desired purpose for each structure. Stadiums with 10,000 seats and up to 40,000 seats are possible with the concept according to the invention. In extreme cases it is also possible to configure a stadium with up to 80,000 seats.

The stadium according to the invention meets all the requirements specified by the IOC and FIFA with regard to visibility and space in the stands as well as the relevant regulations for accessibility, escape routes, fire protection, etc.

It has proven to be advantageous if a grid dimension R _t of the framework in the tangential direction is greater than 7.35 meters and is preferably 8.5 meters. It is also advantageous if a grid dimension R _r of the truss in is 9 meters in the radial direction and/or that a grid dimension R _v of the truss is 5.5 meters or 4.5 meters in the vertical direction.

Due to the different grid dimensions in the vertical direction with the same grid dimensions in the radial direction, the incline of the grandstands can be easily adjusted. It has thus proven to be advantageous if the grandstands which are arranged further down and close to the edge of the playing field have a lower incline than the grandstands arranged above them. Therefore, the pitch in the vertical direction is preferably smaller in the lower stand than in the upper stand. This requirement also coincides with the fact that the supports in the lower area have to absorb greater loads and therefore a shorter free support length in the vertical direction increases the stability of the truss in the lower area.

In order to be able to create an inexpensive, safe and easy-to-assemble grandstand, the invention provides that the seating consists of a multiple beveled sheet steel, that a length of the seating is greater than the grid dimension R _t of the truss in the tangential direction, and that the seating is bolted to the inclined beams directly or via brackets. In this way, it is possible to create a row of benches with the associated floor space by placing these seats on the inclined beams. A segment of the grandstand can thus be assembled easily and very quickly by repeatedly placing this seating facility according to the invention on two adjacent inclined beams.

It has proven advantageous if the depth of the seating is between 98 cm and 110 cm.

A depth of 100 cm or 108 cm for the seating has proven to be particularly preferred. The height of the seating is between 36 cm and 52 cm, preferably 38.5 cm or 50.4 cm. These dimensions have proven to be suitable for different space and comfort requirements. It is therefore also possible to differentiate between seats with more space and seats with a little less space by using differently sized seats. That difference can be used to add a bit more legroom to particularly high-end and expensive seats, while providing slightly less legroom to the grandstand areas intended for lower-priced seats. In a similar way, a distinction is made between 1st and 2nd class in airplanes or trains, for example.

For this purpose, the structure of the framework of the stadium according to the invention does not have to be changed in any way. It is possible to screw differently sized seats onto the same slanting beam, so that there is also great flexibility here.

Because the seats according to the invention are folded from sheet steel, it is provided according to the invention to make the seats stackable, so that the space required when transporting the seats is minimal. Of course, it must be taken into account that the length of the seating is less than the usable interior length of an ISO container. If this condition is met, an ISO container can contain a A large number of seats can be stacked, so that the use of space in this ISO container is optimal.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the stadium according to the invention has a roof, the roof being designed as a steel framework and comprising a number of radially arranged roof segments. Each roof segment consists of two identical sub-segments and the sub-segments are arranged symmetrically in relation to a central point and screwed together. In this way it is possible to create a relatively far cantilevered roof, which consists of two sub-segments that can be transported in ISO containers. This simplifies transport and assembly because the individual sub-segments are easier to handle than a large roof segment.

In addition, the number of components on the roof is further reduced thanks to the common parts strategy.

Each roof segment is assigned a compression strut, a tension strut and a corner strut, the compression struts being arranged between an upper end of the grandstand and the connecting plane of the sub-segments, the corner strut between a radially outer end of the roof segment and the upper end of the stand, and wherein the tie rod is arranged between the radially outer end of the roof segment and a lower end of the stand. With this construction, a roof segment that protrudes far beyond the grandstands can be connected to the framework structure of the grandstand in a simple and statically very resilient manner.

Of course, diagonal struts are used both between the individual elements of the truss structure and between the roof segments if necessary, without this being mentioned separately in connection with the invention. The use of such diagonal struts is a structural necessity that has been common in trusses for many decades. Therefore, in connection with the invention, no special reference is made to this static requirement.

The premises required for a stadium with several 10,000 spectators, such as stairwells, sanitary facilities, rooms for serving guests, lounges for athletes and VIPs, but also elevators, air conditioning systems and other things more are accommodated according to the invention in standardized ISO containers and not only during transport. The ISO containers, which accommodate the above-mentioned things, are inserted in the framework structure of the grandstands at various points and are then ready for use.

For example, it is possible to install a VIP lounge in the form of prefabricated ISO containers instead of seats.

The ISO containers according to the invention, which accommodate lounges, recreation rooms or sanitary facilities, for example, can be designed in such a way that several such containers can be combined to form a large toilet area. For example, it is possible to arrange three containers next to each other so that a room with a floor area of around 7.5 meters by 8 meters is formed. The three ISO containers placed next to one another are then designed in such a way that the middle container has no side walls and the containers attached to this middle container each lack a side wall. This gives the desired one spacious and uninterrupted space. Of course, the same construction method can also be used for lounges, changing rooms or rooms intended for entertaining spectators.

However, floor elements can also be used in the framework structure. These floor elements are dimensioned in such a way that their ends rest on two parallel and adjacent radial supports of the framework. They then form a floor or walking path for spectators, special guests or the athletes.

Of course, the length of the floor elements is also smaller than the usable inner length of a 45-foot container, a 40-foot container or a 30-foot container. The floor elements preferably have a lattice structure and a floor covering fastened to the lattice structure. Like the lattice structure, this floor covering can be made of sheet steel and, for reasons of slip resistance and to achieve an attractive appearance, on the upper side, where the spectators walk on the floor element, with a non-slip epoxy resin coating be provided. Such non-slip coatings that can be colored and designed are well known from bridge construction and general steel construction and also have the required structural engineering approvals.

It has proven to be advantageous if a ratio of the grid dimensions of the framework in the vertical direction and in the radial direction is ≦0.674. Then a sufficient and desired gradient of the grandstands can be realized, which is also compatible with the requirements of the large sports associations with regard to the inclination of the grandstands. The same applies to the angle between the inclined beam and the horizontal.

The stadium according to the invention can comprise two to four straight sectors, with the horizontal radial beams and the oblique beams being arranged parallel to one another in the straight sectors. It is possible to form a stadium according to the invention, for example, from two straight sectors which are arranged on both long sides of a playing field. Furthermore, it is possible to provide four straight sectors, which are then arranged on the four sides of the playing field. If that If the achievable number of seats is not sufficient, it is possible to connect the straight segments, which are arranged at right angles to one another, with one, or two to four curved segments, thereby further increasing the number of seats available.

The curves essentially consist of the same components as the straight sectors. The only difference is that the tangential beams are of different lengths depending on the installation position. The closer the tangential beams are to the edge of the field, the shorter they are. The horizontal beams and the vertical supports are identical in construction for the straight sectors and the curves. This also makes it possible to achieve a considerable reduction in the number of parts. This not only simplifies production, but also assembly, which often has to be done on site with semi-skilled workers.

All components that are assembled on site to form a stadium according to the invention are screwed or by another detachable connection connected to each other so that the individual parts of the stadium can be dismantled after the end of the major event, loaded into ISO containers and transported to another location without being damaged.

Further advantages and advantageous configurations can be found in the following drawing, its description and the patent claims. All features described in the drawing, its description and the patent claims can be essential to the invention both individually and in any combination with one another.

Figur 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines geraden Sektors eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Stadions;

Figur 2

einen geraden Sektor in einer Ansicht von hinten;

Figur 3

die zu dem geraden Sektor gehörende Fachwerkstruktur;

Figur 4

die Fachwerkstruktur einer Kurve eines erfindungsgemäßen Stadions;

Figur 5

eine schematische Darstellung der Kurve mit Sitzgelegenheiten und Dach;

Figur 6

eine Seitenansicht durch die erfindungsgemäße Fachwerkstruktur ohne Dach;

Figur 7

eine Seitenansicht durch die erfindungsgemäße Fachwerkstruktur mit einem Dach;

Figur 8

die Einzelteile eines Dachsegments in einer Explosionsdarstellung;

Figur 9

die Verbindung zweier Teilsegmente eines Dachsegments;

Figur 10

eine Draufsicht auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Stadions mit vier geraden Sektoren und vier Kurven;

Figur 11

zwei verschieden große Stadien, die aus den erfindungsgemäßen Kurven und geraden Sektoren zusammengesetzt werden können;

Figur 12

weitere Ausführungsbeispiele erfindungsgemäßer Stadien im Bereich von Tennisplätzen oder Rennstrecken;

Figur 13

ein Knoten, welcher Stützen, Radialträger, Tangentialträger und Schrägbalken sowie die zugehörigen diagonalen Aussteifungen miteinander verbindet;

Figur 14

eine teilweise freigeschnittene Ansicht eines Bodenelements;

Figur 15

zwei Schrägbalken mit aufgesetzten Sitzgelegenheiten;

Figur 16

eine erfindungsgemäße Sitzgelegenheit im Schnitt;

Figur 17

ein Detail der Verbindung zwischen einem Schrägbalken und den erfindungsgemäßen Sitzgelegenheiten mit Hilfe von Konsolen;

Figur 18

mehrere ineinander gestapelte Sitzgelegenheiten; und

Figur 19

einen als Treppe ausgebildeten erfindungsgemäßen ISO-Container.

Show it:

figure 1

a schematic representation of a straight sector of an embodiment of a stadium according to the invention;

figure 2

a straight sector in a rear view;

figure 3

the truss structure belonging to the straight sector;

figure 4

the truss structure of a curve of a stadium according to the invention;

figure 5

a schematic representation of the curve with seating and roof;

figure 6

a side view of the truss structure according to the invention without a roof;

figure 7

a side view of the truss structure according to the invention with a roof;

figure 8

the individual parts of a roof segment in an exploded view;

figure 9

the connection of two sub-segments of a roof segment;

figure 10

a plan view of an embodiment of a stadium according to the invention with four straight sectors and four curves;

figure 11

two stadiums of different sizes, which can be assembled from the curves and straight sectors according to the invention;

figure 12

further exemplary embodiments of stadiums according to the invention in the area of tennis courts or racetracks;

figure 13

a node connecting columns, radial beams, tangential beams and inclined beams and their associated diagonal stiffeners;

figure 14

a partially cutaway view of a floor element;

figure 15

two slanting beams with attached seating;

figure 16

a seat according to the invention in section;

figure 17

a detail of the connection between a diagonal beam and the seating according to the invention using consoles;

figure 18

several nested seats; and

figure 19

designed as a staircase ISO container according to the invention.

Description of the exemplary embodiments

In the figure 1 is an isometric view of a straight sector 1 of a stadium according to the invention with a first grandstand 3, a second grandstand 5 and a roof 7 arranged schematically.

In the lower part of figure 1 a Cartesian coordinate system with the axes t, r and v is drawn. The spatial direction marked "t" stands for a tangential direction of the stadium. The axis "r" denotes the radial direction and the axis "v" denotes the vertical direction. In connection with the description of the invention and the claims, reference is made to this coordinate system.

In the isometric representation of the figure 1 the essential parts of a truss structure according to the invention, which carry the lower stand 3, the upper stand 5 and the roof 7, are only partially visible. The framework structure according to the invention comprises a large number of vertical supports 9, a large number of horizontal radial supports 11 arranged parallel and on different levels, and a large number of tangential supports 13 arranged parallel to one another and in different levels.

In the figure 1 a plurality of oblique beams 15 arranged parallel to one another are also shown schematically. The inclined beams 15 support the seating and are therefore actually covered by the seating 17 . For reasons of clarity, only a few supports 9, radial supports 11, tangential supports 13 and oblique beams 15 are provided with reference symbols. Between the lower grandstand 3 or the upper end of the lower stand 3 and the lower end of the upper stand 5, a shoulder 17 is formed. This paragraph 17 is, for example, 4.2 meters high. The distance between the supports 9 in the area of the paragraph 17 in the tangential direction is more than 7.5 meters. Therefore, each panel in the area of the vertical shelf 17 is approximately 7.5 meters wide and 4.2 meters high. This means that access areas for the lower grandstand 3 can be created there. It is also possible to install VIP boxes in this grid dimension, which are then, for example, 7.5 meters wide and have floor-to-ceiling panoramic glazing. All of these variants can be easily implemented within the framework of the framework structure according to the invention, without having to change it.

In the figure 2 is a section of the in the figure 1 shown straight sector from behind also shown schematically. The supports 9, the radial supports 11 and the tangential supports 13 and the oblique beams 15 can be clearly seen from this representation.

It can also be seen that in the area of the vertical shoulder 17 floor elements 19 on the radial supports 11 are laid up. Furthermore, it is easy to see that a large number of ISO containers have been pushed into the framework structure on the radially outer side of the segment. The ISO containers have the reference number 19. They can have different functions. For example, the tower of the ISO container 19 in the left part of the figure 2 be designed as a stairwell. Other ISO containers 19 can accommodate VIP lounges, recreation rooms, technical rooms or toilets.

In the figure 3 is the truss structure according to the embodiment of the invention figures 1 and 2 shown without internals. In this reduced representation, the supports 9, radial supports 11, tangential supports 13 and oblique beams 15 can be seen very clearly. It can also be seen that the truss structure according to the invention was braced by a large number of diagonal braces or struts. These struts are not provided with reference numbers.

It is also clear that the framework structure according to the invention with the grid dimensions according to the invention represents a "high-bay warehouse for ISO containers" to a certain extent. Anyone can go to this "high-bay warehouse". one or more ISO containers can be inserted at any location. As already mentioned several times, these overseas containers have a wide variety of functions and can therefore form the entire technology, but also lounges and VIP lounges.

In the figure 4 the framework structure of a curve 21 of a stadium according to the invention is shown. The vertical supports 9, the radial support 11 and the oblique beam 15 are identical to those from the Figures 1 to 3 known elements. Only the tangential beams 13 are of different lengths in the case of the curves 21, depending on how far or where the tangential beam 13 is integrated into the framework structure. Regardless of whether it is a straight sector or a curve, all elements of the truss structure are detachably connected to each other. This is usually done with nuts and bolts.

In the figure 5 a schematic front view of a curve 21 is shown. The detailing is comparable or equal to that in the figure 1 . Again, a lower grandstand 3, an upper grandstand 5 are a roof 7 and a vertical section 17 can be seen clearly. The straight sector 1 and the curve 21 can be joined together seamlessly, so that a stadium with a number of straight lines which are connected to one another by curve sections of, for example, 90°. can be formed. Exemplary embodiments of stages according to the invention in different configurations are explained in more detail further below.

Of course, a curve 21 is not limited to enclosing an angle of 90°. In this exemplary embodiment, the oblique beams 15 or the radial carriers 11 enclose an angle of 9° when viewed from above. This means that any angle can be realized in increments of 9°. For example, curves with an angle of 45°, 54°, 63° or 72° can also be easily assembled with the components according to the invention. This requires no structural changes to the components according to the invention.

From the figures 1 and 5 it also becomes clear that the roof consists of different roof segments, which as a truss are trained. A membrane 23, which protects the spectators sitting on the stands 3, 5 from the sun and rain, hangs on the underside of these framework segments.

In the figure 6 a side view of the truss structure according to the invention is shown. The geometry of the framework structure according to the invention can be clearly seen from this side view. In particular, the supports 9, the radial beams 11, the oblique beams 15 and stiffeners 27 are clearly visible in this very simplified representation. Likewise, the vertical shoulder 17 is clearly visible. Not all of the stiffeners 27 are provided with reference numbers either, in order not to impair the clarity of the illustration.

In the figure 6 It is easy to see that it is advantageous if in the area of the vertical shoulder 17 floor elements (not shown) are placed in the radial supports that are present there, so that access to the seats in the lower grandstand is easily possible. From this view, one can also well imagine that there would alternatively be a VIP lounge with a glazed window area that allows an unobstructed view in the direction of the playing field is very well possible.

In the figure 7 the framework structure according to the invention is shown with a schematically illustrated roof segment 25 and the associated fastening elements. The roof segments 25 can have a total length of more than 60 meters. They are composed of two identical roof sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2. The identical roof sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2 are associated with the figures 8 and 9 explained in more detail.

The truss roof segments 25 are held by a strut 29. The strut 29 connects an upper end of the upper grandstand 5 to the roof strut 25 where the two identical roof part segments 25.1 and 25.2 are screwed together. The (imaginary) central point of the centrally symmetrical roof sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2 is also there.

The strut 31 connects the radially outer end of the roof segment 25 to a lower end of the grandstand or the framework structure. The strut 33 connects the upper End of the upper grandstand 5 with the rear end of the roof segment 25. As a result, the roof segment 25 is statically integrated into the framework structure.

The roof segment 25 protrudes beyond the lower grandstand 3 and the upper grandstand 5, so that all spectators seated in the grandstands 3 and 5 are protected from rain and excessive solar radiation.

In the figure 8 the sub-segments 25.1, 25.2 and the struts 29, 31, 33 are shown schematically in an exploded view. A connection point is provided with the reference number 35 . The joining direction is indicated by the double arrows drawn there without reference numbers.

In the figure 9 the two sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2 can be seen in the joined state. The connection point 35 can be seen clearly in this representation. Here, too, the two sub-segments 25.1, 25.2 are connected to one another by screws at three points. The sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2 are identical in construction, which contributes to reducing the number of parts.

In the figure 10 is a top view of an embodiment of a stadium according to the invention comprising four straight sectors 1 and four curves 21 shown very schematically. Separate coordinate systems each apply to the straight sectors 1 and the curves 21 . In the figure 10 the coordinates and directions are drawn in using a straight sector 1 and a curve. In connection with curve 21, it becomes clear that the tangential direction "t" there always represents the bisector of the angle between two adjacent radii. A playing field 36 is arranged inside the stadium.

The grid dimension of the framework according to the invention is given as an example of 8.5 meters in the tangential direction and 9.0 meters in the radial direction. This grid dimension has proven to be particularly advantageous. Of course, other grid dimensions are also possible.

In the figure 11 two different stages 37, 39 and 41 are shown schematically. The stadium 39 is arranged around a soccer field. The Stadion 41 is around a soccer field surrounded by a 400 meter athletics track is surrounded, arranged around. As a result, the straight sectors 1 and the curves 21 are larger in the stadium 41 than in the stadium 39. In the right part of the figure 11 the various elements, namely straight sectors 1 and curves 21, of which the stages 39 and 41 are composed are shown.

In the figure 12 further exemplary embodiments of stages according to the invention are shown. So is the left part of the figure 12 only one straight sector 1 is arranged along one long side of a playing field. In the middle part of figure 12 straight sectors 1 and curves are arranged along a racetrack. Based on figures 11 and 12 the flexibility of the concept according to the invention becomes clear. Of course, an unmanageable number of other configurations can also be realized with the framework structure according to the invention and the built-in components according to the invention in the form of ISO containers.

In the figure 13 a node element 42 is shown. This node element 42 serves to form vertical supports 9, radial supports 11, tangential supports 13 and oblique beams 15 to connect with each other. Each of these connections is a detachable screw connection. Of course, diagonal struts 27 can also be connected in the area of the node element.

In the figure 14 an exemplary embodiment of a floor element 43 is shown partially cut away. The floor element 43 is composed of a frame 45 , a lattice structure 47 and a floor panel 49 . The floor panel 49 is coated with a synthetic resin coating 51 or another suitable coating that ensures the required slip resistance. Of course, it is also possible to color the coating, so that almost any desired color for the floor covering can be realised. The coating can be, for example, Sika Elastomeric TF or another product available on the market.

A recess 51 is provided on each end face of the base element 43 . The floor element 43 rests on the radial support 11 in the area of this opening. A length of the floor element 43 corresponds to the grid dimension Truss structure in tangential direction. Shown is a floor panel for a straight sector 1.

In the area of the curves 21, the floor plates 43 must be designed as trapezoids. Of course, in the area of the curves 21, the floor elements 43 also have partially different lengths, similar to the tangential beams in the curves 21.

In the figure 15 two oblique beams 15 are shown, to which a total of four seats 53 are screwed indirectly, that is to say with the aid of consoles 55. The seat 53 provided with a reference number has not yet been assembled. When this seat 53 is moved vertically downwards in the direction of the arrows, it finally rests on the free brackets 55 and can be screwed to the brackets 55 but also to the adjacent seat 53 .

It is easily possible for the visitors to sit directly on the seating 53 shown. But it is also possible (depending on the required comfort) to Example of installing chairs (not shown) on seating 53 in the VIP area.

A length of the seating 53 is selected according to the invention so that it corresponds to the grid dimension in the tangential direction of the framework structure. The seats 53 are made by bending, for example, 8 mm thick sheet steel. As a result, they have a static function and also significantly stiffen the framework according to the invention when they are screwed to the framework via the brackets 55 or directly.

In the figure 16 12 is a side view of a seat 53 dimensioned by way of example. It is also easy to see how two seats 53 are connected to one another by a screw connection 54 . It is also easy to imagine that the seats 53 can very well be stacked one inside the other when dismantled.

In the figure 17 a detail is shown enlarged. In this view are the brackets 55 and the interlocking of various floor members 53 recognizable. Screw connections between the floor elements 43 and the consoles 55 are indicated by reference number 57 .

Based on figure 18 shows how a large number of floor elements 43 can be stacked in a very small space.

In the figure 19 an ISO container 19 is shown as an example, which can be used as a staircase. A side wall of the ISO container 19 is partially cut free so that the steps 59 of the stairs integrated into the ISO container 19 can be seen.

The number of ISO containers 19 arranged next to one another with integrated stairs means that the capacity of the stairways and stairways within a stadium can easily be matched to the number of seats.

Claims (15)

1. Stadium for sports and cultural events comprising at least one ascending (spectator) stand (3, 5), comprising vertical supports (9), horizontal radial beams (11), horizontal tangential beams (13) and a plurality of radially arranged inclined beams (15), wherein a plurality of rows of seating (53) are arranged between two inclined beams (15), characterised in that the stand (3, 5) is designed as a screwed steel framework, that one or more ISO containers (19), usually also referred to as overseas containers (19), are arranged in the spaces limited by the supports (9), the radial beams (11) and the tangential beams (13), and that all individual parts or assemblies, in particular vertical supports (9), radial beams (11), tangential beams (13) and inclined beams (15), seating (53), floor elements (43), technical modules and stairs are designed in such a way that they fit into such an ISO container or are accommodated in such an ISO container.
2. Stadium according to claim 1, characterised in that

   a modular dimension (R_t) of the framework in the tangential direction is greater than 7.35 metres and preferably amounts to 8.5 metres,

   that a modular dimension (R_r) of the framework in the radial direction is 9 metres, and/or

   that a modular dimension (R_v) of the framework in the vertical direction is 5.5 metres or 4.2 metres.
3. Stadium according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the seating (53) consists of a multiply-folded steel sheet, that a length of the seating (53) is equal to the modular dimension (R_t) of the framework in a tangential direction, and that the seating (53) is screwed together with the inclined beams (15) directly or via brackets (55).
4. Stadium according to claim 3, characterised in that the seating (53) has a depth of between 98 cm and 110 cm, preferably of 100 cm or 108 cm.
5. Stadium according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterised in that the seating (53) has a height (H) of between 36 cm and 52 cm, preferably of 38.5 cm or 50.4 cm.
6. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it has a roof, that the roof comprises a plurality of radially arranged roof segments (25), designed as a framework, that each roof segment (25) consists of two structurally identical partial segments (25.1, 25.2), and that the partial segments (25.1, 25.2) are arranged centrally symmetrically in relation to a central point (S) and are screwed together.
7. Stadium according to claim 6, characterised in that each roof segment (25) is assigned a compression strut (29), a tie bar (31) and a corner strut (33), that the compression struts (29) are arranged between an upper end of the stand (5) and the connection point (35) of the partial segments (25.1, 25.2), that the corner strut (33) is arranged between a radially outer end of the roof segment (25) and the upper end of the stand (5), and that the tie bar (31) is arranged between the radially outer end of the roof segment (25) and a lower end of the stand (3).
8. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that stairs, lifts, sanitary facilities, changing rooms, recreation rooms, catering facilities and/or building services are accommodated in the overseas containers (19).
9. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that floor elements (43) rest on selected radial beams (11) and/or selected tangential beams (13), and that the length of the floor elements (43) is less than the usable interior length of a 45-foot container, a 40-foot container or a 30-foot container.
10. Stadium according to claim 9, characterised in that the floor elements (43) comprise a frame (45), a grating structure (47) and a floor (49) resting on the grating structure (47).
11. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a ratio of the modular dimension of the framework in the vertical direction and in the radial direction is less than or equal to 0.674.
12. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an angle between the inclined beams (15) and the radial beams (11) is less than or equal to 34°.
13. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the stadium comprises two to four straight sectors (1), and that the horizontal radial beams (11) are arranged parallel to each other in the straight sectors (1), and that the inclined beams (15) are arranged parallel to each other.
14. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the stadium includes at least one curve (21), that in the at least one curve (21) the radial beams (11) enclose an angle different from zero degrees, preferably an angle of between 8° and 20°, more preferably an angle of 9° or 18°, that in the at least one curve (21) the inclined beams (15) enclose an angle different from zero degrees, preferably an angle of between 8° and 2°, more preferably an angle of 9° or 18°.
15. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that junction elements (42) are provided in the junctions of the framework, and that the supports (9), the radial beams (11), the tangential beams (13) and/or additional diagonal struts (27) are screwed together with the junction elements (4).

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