ES2945762T3 - Modular stadium for sporting and cultural events - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention refers to a modular system for the construction of stadiums or stands, comprising a support structure, benches, paths for spectators, technical modules and stairs. The supporting structure is designed as a frame, the individual parts of which are removably connected to each other at the knot points. All the individual parts of the modular system are dimensioned in such a way that these individual parts fit into an ISO container. The technical modules and the stairs are housed in an ISO container. (Automatic translation with Google Translate, without legal value)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Modular stadium for sporting and cultural events

The invention relates to a modular system for the construction of stadiums or public stands, which is assembled from prefabricated and largely standardized individual parts and system elements. In the case of large international sporting events in particular, such as a world or European championship in a mass sport or an Olympics, there is a need to build large stadiums for tens of thousands of spectators for the duration of the event. In this regard, it is often difficult or even impossible to find a meaningful and economically viable use for these stadiums after the major event has concluded. For reasons of sustainability and conservation of resources, these large events, which go hand in hand with the construction of conventional stadiums, are viewed more and more critically.

From DE 201 08 513 U1 a grandstand roof is known which can be placed over a grandstand designed as a framework.

From GB E 2368 041 A1 a grandstand is known whose seating steps are not made of concrete but of a multilayer sandwich.

The invention is based on the objective of providing a stadium or a modular system for the construction of stadiums or grandstands for the public that can be easily assembled, meets all relevant safety requirements and can be disassembled again after the end of the big event and it can be mounted elsewhere, with the same configuration or with a different one.

This objective is solved according to the invention by means of a stadium for sports and cultural events with the characteristics of claim 1.

Due to the modular and largely bolted construction and the limitation of the main dimensions of all individual stadium parts in such a way that the individual parts can be loaded into an ISO container, usually also referred to as a sea container, it is possible to deliver the entire stadium in a plurality of such ISO containers to the planned location and mount them on site.

Many technical assemblies or modules are permanently installed in individual ISO containers and can be used in the framework according to the invention. Examples of such technical modules are the stadium's ventilation, heating, air-conditioning, sound and lighting systems, elevators and stairwells. However, rest spaces for players and visitors (VIP rooms) and spaces to serve guests can also be accommodated in ISO containers.

Due to the modular design according to the invention, stadiums of different sizes can be built from the individual parts of a stadium according to the invention. This is done simply by increasing or decreasing the length of straight stands placed parallel to a playing field as required. Furthermore, the curves connecting two straight stands can be made with different radii, so that the circumference of the stadium can be easily scaled in the tangential direction. Furthermore, it is possible to create a stadium with one grandstand or with two grandstands. In this way, the capacity of locations will almost double.

Consequently, in the stadium according to the invention, it is not necessary to set the number of spectators to a certain value, but the number of seats can be set anew according to the desired purpose of use for each structure. Stadiums with 10,000 seats and up to 40,000 seats are possible with the concept according to the invention. In extreme cases it is also possible to configure a stadium with up to 80,000 seats. The stadium according to the invention meets all the requirements specified by the IOC and FIFA with regard to visibility and seating space in the stands, as well as the relevant standards for accessibility, escape routes, fire protection, etc.

It has proven to be advantageous if a modular dimension Rt of the framework in the tangential direction is greater than 7.35 meters and is preferably 8.5 meters. It is also advantageous if a modular dimension Rr of the framework in the radial direction is 9 meters and/or if a modular dimension Rv of the framework in the vertical direction is 5.5 meters or 4.5 meters.

Due to the different frame dimensions in the vertical direction with the same frame dimensions in the radial direction, the inclination of the grandstands can be easily adjusted. Therefore, it has proven to be advantageous if the stands which are arranged lower down and close to the edge of the playing field have a lower inclination than the stands which are arranged above them. Therefore, the modular dimension in the vertical direction is preferably smaller in the lower stand than in the upper stand. This requirement also coincides with the fact that the columns in the lower zone have to absorb higher loads and therefore a lower free length of support in the vertical direction increases the stability of the framework in the lower zone.

In order to be able to create a cheap, safe and easy-to-assemble grandstand, it is provided according to the invention that the seat consists of a steel sheet folded several times, the length of the seat being greater than the modular dimension Rt of the framework in the direction tangential, and that the seats are bolted to the oblique cross members directly or through brackets. In this way, it is possible to create a row of benches with the associated floor space by placing these seats on the oblique crosspieces. A segment of the grandstand can thus be assembled easily and very quickly by repeatedly placing this seat according to the invention on two adjacent oblique cross members.

It has turned out to be advantageous if the seat depth is between 98 cm and 110 cm.

A depth of 100 cm or 108 cm for the seat has proven to be especially preferred. The height of the seat is between 36 cm and 52 cm, preferably it is 38.5 cm or 50.4 cm. These dimensions have proven to be suitable for different space and comfort requirements. Therefore, it is also possible to differentiate between seats with more space and seats with a little less space by using seats of different sizes. This difference can be used to add a little more legroom in particularly expensive and high-quality seats, while the grandstand areas intended for lower-priced seats are endowed with slightly less legroom. Similarly, a distinction is made between 1st and 2nd class on planes or trains, for example.

For this, the framework structure of the stadium according to the invention does not have to be modified in any way. Seats of different sizes can be screwed onto the same oblique cross member, so there is also great flexibility in this case.

Since the seats according to the invention are folded from sheet steel, it is provided according to the invention that the seats are stackable, so that the space required for transporting the seats is minimal. Of course, it must be taken into account in this connection that the length of the seat is less than the useful internal length of an ISO container. If this condition is met, a plurality of seats can be stacked in an ISO container, so that the use of space in this ISO container is optimal. In another advantageous configuration, the stadium according to the invention has a roof, which is designed as a steel framework and comprises several radially arranged roof segments. Each roof segment consists of two structurally identical sub-segments and the sub-segments are arranged symmetrically about a center point and bolted together. In this way, it is possible to create a relatively wide cantilever roof, consisting of two sub-segments that can be transported in ISO containers. This simplifies transport and assembly, because the individual sub-segments are easier to handle than one large roof segment.

In addition, the number of components on the roof is further reduced thanks to the equal parts strategy. Each roof segment is associated with a compression strut, a tension strut and a corner strut, where the compression struts are arranged between an upper end of the grandstand and the joining plane of the sub-segments, where the corner is disposed between a radially outward end of the roof segment and the upper end of the grandstand, and wherein the draw strut is disposed between the radially outward end of the roof segment and a lower end of the grandstand. With this structure, a roof segment that protrudes well beyond the grandstands can be connected to the grandstand frame structure in a simple and statically very strong manner.

Of course, the diagonal struts are used both between the individual elements of the frame structure and between the roof segments if necessary, without this being mentioned separately in connection with the invention. The use of such diagonal struts has been a common static necessity in framing for many decades. Therefore, in connection with the invention, no special reference is made to this static requirement.

The necessary facilities for a stadium with several tens of thousands of spectators, such as stairs, sanitary facilities, spaces for serving guests, rest spaces for athletes and VIPs, for example, but also elevators, ventilation systems and others, according to the invention they are housed in standardized ISO containers and not only during transport. The ISO containers that house the aforementioned things are inserted into the lattice structure of the grandstands at various points and are ready for use.

For example, it is possible to install a VIP room in the form of a prefabricated ISO container, instead of seats.

ISO containers according to the invention, housing rooms, rest spaces or sanitary facilities, for example, can be configured in such a way that several such containers can combined to form a large toilet area. For example, it is possible to arrange three containers side by side so as to form a space with a surface area of about 7.5 meters by 8 metres. The three ISO containers placed side by side are then designed in such a way that the central container does not have side walls and the containers connected to this central container each lack a side wall. This results in the desired wide and continuous space. Obviously, the same construction method can also be used for rest spaces, changing rooms or spaces intended to serve spectators.

However, floor elements can also be inserted into the framework structure. These floor elements are dimensioned in such a way that their ends rest on two adjacent parallel radial beams of the framework. They then form a floor or corridor for spectators, special guests or athletes.

Of course, provision is also made for the length of the floor elements to be less than the useful internal length of a 45-foot container, a 40-foot container or a 30-foot container. The floor elements preferably have a grid structure and a floor covering attached to the grid structure. Like the grid structure, this floor covering can be made of sheet steel and, for reasons of safety against slipping and to achieve an attractive visual appearance, it can be provided with a non-slip epoxy resin coating on the upper side where spectators step on the floor element. Such anti-slip and paintable coatings are widely known in bridge construction and general steel construction and also have the required structural engineering approvals.

It has proven to be advantageous if a ratio of the modular dimensions of the framework in the vertical direction and in the radial direction is <0.674. A sufficient and desired grandstand slope can then be implemented, which is also compatible with the requirements of the large sports associations regarding the grandstand slope. The same applies to the angle between the oblique crosspieces and the horizontal. The stadium according to the invention can comprise from two to four straight sectors, the horizontal radial beams and the oblique crosspieces being arranged in each case parallel to one another in the straight sectors. It is possible to form a stadium according to the invention, for example, from two straight sectors arranged on both long sides of a playing field. In addition, it is possible to provide four straight sectors, which are then arranged on the four sides of the playing field. If the number of seats that can be reached in this way is not sufficient, it is possible to connect the straight segments arranged at right angles to each other with one or two to four curved segments, thus further increasing the number of available seats.

Curves essentially consist of the same components as straight sectors. The only difference is that the tangential beams have different lengths depending on the installation position. The closer the tangential beams are to the edge of the field, the shorter they will be. The horizontal beams and the vertical columns are structurally identical in the straight sectors and in the curves. This also allows a considerable reduction in the variety of parts to be achieved. This not only simplifies production, but also assembly, which often has to be done on site with semi-skilled workers.

All the components that are assembled on the construction site to form a stadium according to the invention are bolted or connected together by another detachable connection, so that the individual pieces of the stadium can be disassembled after the end of the big event without being damaged. , loaded into ISO containers and transported to another location for use.

Other advantages and advantageous configurations can be found in the following drawing, in the description thereof and in the patent claims. All the features described in the drawing, in the description thereof and in the patent claims can be essential for the invention both individually and in any combination with each other.

Show:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a straight section of an exemplary embodiment of a stadium according to the invention;

Figure 2 a straight sector in a rear view;

Figure 3 the framework structure belonging to the straight sector;

Figure 4 the lattice structure of a stadium curve according to the invention;

Figure 5 a schematic representation of the curve with seats and roof;

Figure 6 a side view through the framework structure according to the invention, without a roof; Figure 7 a side view through the framework structure according to the invention, with a roof; Figure 8 the individual parts of a roof segment in an exploded view;

Figure 9 the connection of two sub-segments of a roof segment;

FIG. 10 a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a stadium according to the invention with four straight sections and four curves;

Figure 11 two stadiums of different sizes that can be assembled from the curves and straight sectors according to the invention;

FIG. 12 further embodiment examples of stadiums according to the invention in the field of tennis courts or racetracks;

Figure 13 a node connecting to each other pillars, radial beams, tangential beams and oblique crosspieces, as well as the associated diagonal braces;

Figure 14 a partly cut-away view of a floor element;

Figure 15 two oblique crosspieces with seats placed on top;

Figure 16 a seat according to the invention in section;

Figure 17 a detail of the connection between an oblique cross member and the seats according to the invention by means of brackets;

Figure 18 several seats stacked inside each other; and

Figure 19 an ISO container according to the invention configured as a ladder.

Description of the exemplary embodiments

Figure 1 schematically shows an isometric view of a straight sector 1 of a stadium according to the invention with a first grandstand 3, a second grandstand 5 and a roof 7.

A Cartesian coordinate system with axes t, r and v is shown at the bottom of Figure 1. The spatial direction designated "t" represents a tangential direction of the stadium. The "r" axis designates the radial direction and the "v" axis designates the vertical direction. In connection with the description of the invention and the claims, reference is made to this coordinate system.

In the isometric representation of figure 1, the essential parts of a framework structure according to the invention, which support the lower stand 3, the upper stand 5 and the roof 7, are only partially visible. The framework structure according to the invention comprises a plurality of vertical pillars 9, a plurality of horizontal radial beams 11 arranged parallel and in different planes, as well as a plurality of tangential beams 13 arranged parallel to each other and in different planes.

Figure 1 also shows a plurality of oblique crosspieces 15 arranged parallel to each other. The oblique cross members 15 support the seats and are therefore actually covered by the seats 17. For reasons of clarity, only some pillars 9, some radial beams 11, some tangential beams 13 and some oblique cross members 15 are provided with references. . Between the lower stand 3 or the upper end of the lower stand 3 and the lower end of the upper stand 5 a step 17 is formed. This step 17 is, for example, 4.2 meters high. The distance between the pillars 9 in the region of the step 17 in the tangential direction is greater than 7.5 meters. Therefore, each box in the area of the vertical step 17 is approximately 7.5 meters wide and 4.2 meters high. This means that access areas for the lower stand 3 can be created there. It is also possible to install VIP boxes with this modular dimension, which are, for example, 7.5 meters wide and feature floor-to-ceiling panoramic glazing. All these variants can be easily implemented within the framework of the framework structure according to the invention, without having to modify it.

In figure 2, a fragment of the straight sector represented in figure 1 is also schematically shown from behind. The pillars 9, the radial beams 11 and the tangential beams 13 and the oblique cross members 15 can be clearly seen from this representation.

It can also be seen that floor elements 19 are placed on the radial beams 11 in the area of the vertical step 17. Furthermore, it can be well seen that a plurality of ISO containers have been pushed into the framework structure on the radially outer side of the segment. ISO containers have the reference 19. They can have different functions. For example, the tower of the ISO 19 container on the left side of figure 2 can be configured as a ladder. Other ISO 19 containers can house VIP rooms, rest spaces, technical rooms or toilets.

Figure 3 shows the framework structure according to the invention according to the exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, without installed elements. In this reduced representation the pillars 9, the radial beams 11, the tangential beams 13 and the oblique crosspieces 15 can be seen very clearly. It can also be seen that the framework structure according to the invention was braced by means of a plurality of braces or struts diagonals. These struts are not provided with references.

It is also clear that the framework structure according to the invention with the modular dimensions according to the invention represents in a way a "high-bay warehouse for ISO containers". One or more ISO containers can be pushed into this "high-bay warehouse" at any desired location. As already mentioned several times, these shipping containers have a wide variety of functions and can therefore form the entire technical part, but also rest spaces and VIP rooms.

Figure 4 shows the lattice structure of a curve 21 of a stadium according to the invention. The vertical pillars 9, the radial beams 11 and the oblique crosspieces 15 are structurally identical to the known elements of figures 1 to 3. Only the tangential beams 13 have different lengths in the case of curves 21, depending on how far or where the tangential beam 13 is integrated into the framework structure. Regardless of whether it is a straight sector or a curve, all elements of the framework structure are detachably connected to each other. This is usually done using nuts and bolts.

Figure 5 shows a schematic view of a curve 21 from the front. The detail is comparable or equal to that of figure 1. Also in this case a lower tribune 3, an upper tribune 5, a roof 7 and a vertical section 17 can be clearly seen. The straight sector 1 and the curve 21 can be joined without seams between each other, so that a stadium can be formed with several straight lines that are connected to each other by curved sections of, for example, 90°. Examples of embodiments of stadiums according to the invention in different configurations are explained in more detail below.

Obviously, a bend 21 is not limited to forming an angle of 90°. In this exemplary embodiment, the oblique cross members 15 or the radial beams 11 form an angle of 9° when viewed from above. This means that any angle can be implemented in 9° increments. For example, bends with an angle of 45°, 54°, 63° or 72° can also be easily assembled with the components according to the invention. For this, no structural modifications to the components according to the invention are required.

It is also apparent from figures 1 and 5 that the roof consists of several roof segments that are configured as a framework. A membrane 23, which protects the spectators seated in the stands 3, 5 from the sun and rain, hangs at the bottom of these framework segments.

In figure 6 a side view of the framework structure according to the invention is represented. The geometry of the framework structure according to the invention can be clearly seen from this side view. In particular, the pillars 9, the radial beams 11, the oblique crosspieces 15 and the braces 27 are clearly visible in this highly simplified representation. Likewise, the vertical step 17 is clearly visible. Nor are all the struts 27 provided with references, so as not to impair the clarity of the illustration.

It can be clearly seen from FIG. 6 that it is advantageous if in the area of the vertical step 17 floor elements (not shown) are attached to the radial beams present there, so that it is possible to easily access the seats in the lower grandstand. From this view, it is also possible to clearly imagine as an alternative a VIP room with a glazed window area that allows an unobstructed view in the direction of the playing field. Figure 7 shows the framework structure according to the invention with a schematically represented roof segment 25 and the associated fixing elements. The roof segments 25 can have a total length of more than 60 meters. They are assembled from two structurally identical roof sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2. The structurally identical roof sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2 are explained in more detail in connection with Figures 8 and 9.

The roof segments 25, which are configured as a framework, are held in place by a compression strut 29. The compression strut 29 connects an upper end of the upper stand 5 with the roof strut 25, where the two sub-segments structurally identical roof racks 25.1 and 25.2 are bolted together. The (imaginary) center point of the symmetrically centered roof sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2 is also located there.

The tension strut 31 connects the radially outer end of the roof segment 25 with a lower end of the grandstand or framework structure. The compression strut 33 connects the upper end of the upper stand 5 with the rear end of the roof segment 25. As a result, the roof segment 25 is statically integrated into the framework structure.

The roof segment 25 protrudes beyond the lower stand 3 and the upper stand 5, so that all the spectators seated in the stands 3 and 5 are protected from rain and excessive solar radiation.

In figure 8, the sub-segments 25.1, 25.2 and the struts 29, 31, 33 are shown schematically in an exploded view. A connection point is provided with the reference 35. The direction of connection is indicated by the double arrows drawn there without reference numbers.

The two sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2 can be seen in the joined state in figure 9. The connection point 35 can be clearly seen in this representation. Also in this case the two sub-segments 25.1, 25.2 are connected to each other by screws at three points. Sub-segments 25.1 and 25.2 are structurally identical, helping to reduce part variety.

Figure 10 shows a highly schematic plan view of an embodiment of an agreement stadium. with the invention comprising four straight sectors 1 and four curves 21. For the straight sectors 1 and curves 21, their own coordinate systems are applied in each case. In figure 10, the coordinates and directional indications are drawn using a straight sector 1 and a curve. In relation to curve 21, it becomes clear that the tangential direction "t" always represents there the bisector of the angle between two adjacent radii. Inside the stadium there is a playing field 36.

The modular dimension of the framework according to the invention is indicated by way of example with 8.5 meters in the tangential direction and with 9.0 meters in the radial direction. This modular dimension has proven to be particularly advantageous. Of course, other modular dimensions are also possible.

In FIG. 11 various different stages 37, 39 and 41 are schematically represented. Stadium 39 is arranged around a soccer field. Stadium 41 is arranged around a soccer field surrounded by a 400-meter running track. As a result, the straight sectors 1 and the curves 21 are larger in stage 41 than in stage 39. In the right part of figure 11 the different elements are shown, namely the straight sectors 1 and the curves 21, of which states 39 and 41 are made up.

Other exemplary embodiments of stadiums according to the invention are represented in FIG. 12. Thus, in the left part of figure 12, in each case only one straight sector 1 is arranged along one long side of a playing field. In the central part of figure 12 there are arranged straight sectors 1 and curves along a racing circuit. The flexibility of the concept according to the invention becomes apparent on the basis of Figures 11 and 12. Obviously, it is possible to implement an innumerable number of other configurations with the framework structure according to the invention and the components installed according to the invention. with the invention in the form of ISO containers.

In figure 13 a node element 42 is represented. This node element 42 serves to connect the vertical pillars 9, the radial beams 11, the tangential beams 13 and the oblique cross members 15 with each other. Each of these connections is a detachable bolted connection. It goes without saying that diagonal braces 27 can also be connected in the region of the node element.

14 shows an exemplary embodiment of a partially cut-out floor element 43 . The floor element 43 consists of a frame 45, a grid structure 47 and a floor panel 49. The floor panel 49 is coated with a synthetic resin coating 51 or another suitable coating that guarantees the required slip safety. . It is of course also possible to color the floor covering, so that almost any desired color can be implemented for the floor covering. The coating can be, for example, Sika Elastomeric TF or another commercially available product.

In each case, a recess 51 is provided in the end faces of the floor element 43. The floor element 43 rests on the radial beam 11 in the region of this recess. The length of the floor element 43 corresponds to the modular dimension of the framework structure in the tangential direction. A floor panel is shown for a straight sector 1.

In the area of the curves 21, the floor panels 43 must be configured as trapezoids. Of course, in the area of the curves 21, the floor elements 43 also have partly different lengths, similar to the tangential beams in the curves 21.

Figure 15 shows two oblique crosspieces 15 onto which a total of four seats 53 are screwed indirectly, ie with the aid of brackets 55. The seat 53 provided with reference has not yet been installed. If this seat 53 is moved vertically downwards in the direction of the arrows, it finally rests on the free brackets 55 and can be screwed to the brackets 55, but also to the adjacent seat 53.

It is possible, without further ado, that visitors sit directly on the 53 represented seats. However, it is also possible (depending on the required comfort) to install chairs (not shown) on the seats 53 in the VIP area, for example.

The length of the seats 53 is selected according to the invention in such a way that it corresponds to the modular dimension in the tangential direction of the framework structure. The seats 53 are made by folding, for example, 8 mm thick sheet steel. As a result, they have a static function and also significantly stiffen the framework according to the invention when bolted to the framework through the brackets 55 or directly.

In Fig. 16 a side view of a seat 53 with exemplary dimensions is provided. It can also be clearly seen how two seats 53 are connected to each other by a bolted connection 54. It is also easy to imagine that the seats 53 can be nicely stacked one inside the other when disassembled.

An enlarged detail is shown in figure 17. In this view, the brackets 55 and the interlocking of various floor elements 53 can be seen. The bolted connections between the floor elements 43 and the brackets 55 are they indicate with the reference 57.

Figure 18 illustrates how a plurality of floor elements 43 can be stacked in a very small space. Figure 19 shows an example of an ISO 19 container that can be used as an access ladder. A side wall of the ISO 19 container is partially cut out so that the 59 steps of the stairs integrated into the ISO 19 container can be seen.

Due to the number of ISO 19 containers arranged side by side with integrated stairs it is possible to easily adapt the capacity of the access stairs and exit stairs within a stadium to the number of seats.

Claims (15)

1. Stadium for sporting and cultural events comprising at least one elevated grandstand (for the public) (3, 5), comprising vertical pillars (9), horizontal radial beams (11), horizontal tangential beams (13) and several crosspieces oblique (15) arranged radially, several seats (53) being arranged between two oblique crossbars (15), characterized in that the tribune (3, 5) is made as a bolted steel framework, because in the spaces delimited by the pillars (9), the radial beams (11) and the tangential beams (13) are arranged one or more ISO containers (19), also commonly called shipping containers (19), and because all the individual parts or modules, in particular the vertical pillars (9), the radial beams (11), the tangential beams (13) and the oblique crosspieces (15), the seats (53), the floor elements (43), the technical modules and the stairs are configured in such a way that they fit in such an ISO container or are housed in such an ISO container. Stadium according to claim 1, characterized in that a modular dimension (Rt) of the framework in the tangential direction is greater than 7.35 meters and is preferably 8.5 meters, because a modular dimension (Rr) of the framework in the radial direction is 9 meters, and/or because a modular dimension (Rv) of the framework in the vertical direction is 5.5 meters or 4.2 meters. Stadium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the seats (53) consist of a steel sheet folded several times, in that the length of the seats (53) is equal to the modular dimension (Rt) of the framework in the tangential direction, and because the seats (53) are bolted to the oblique crossbars (15) directly or through brackets (55). Stadium according to claim 3, characterized in that the seats (53) have a depth of between 98 cm and 110 cm, preferably 100 cm or 108 cm. Stadium according to one of Claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the seats (53) have a height (H) of between 36 cm and 52 cm, preferably 38.5 cm or 50.4 cm. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a roof, in that the roof comprises several roof segments (25) arranged radially and designed as a lattice, in that each roof segment (25) consists of two sub-segments ( 25.1, 25.2) structurally identical, and because the subsegments (25.1, 25.2) are arranged symmetrically centered with respect to a central point (S) and screwed together. Stadium according to claim 6, characterized in that each roof segment (25) is associated with a compression strut (29), a traction strut (31) and a corner strut (33), because the compression struts (29) are arranged between an upper end of the platform (5) and the junction point (35) of the subsegments (25.1, 25.2), because the corner strut (33) is arranged between an end located radially outside of the roof segment (25) and the upper end of the grandstand (5), and because the traction strut (31) is arranged between the end situated radially outside the roof segment (25) and a lower end of the grandstand (3). Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sea containers (19) accommodate stairs, elevators, sanitary installations, changing rooms, rest areas, catering facilities and/or technical installations of the building. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that ground elements (43) rest on selected radial beams (11) and/or selected tangential beams (13) and that the length of the ground elements (43) is less than the useful internal length of a 45-foot container, a 40-foot container, or a 30-foot container. Stadium according to claim 9, characterized in that the floor elements (43) comprise a frame (45), a grid structure (47) and a floor (49) resting on the grid structure (47). Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a ratio of the modular dimension of the framework in the vertical direction and in the radial direction is less than or equal to 0.674. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an angle between the oblique cross members (15) and the radial beams (11) is less than or equal to 34°. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stadium comprises from two to four straight sectors (1), and in that in the straight sectors (1) the horizontal radial beams (11) are arranged parallel to one another, and because the oblique crosspieces (15) are arranged parallel to each other. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stadium comprises at least one curve (21), in that in the at least one curve (21) the radial beams (11) form an angle other than zero degrees, preferably an angle between 8° and 20°, particularly preferably an angle of 9° or 18°, because in the at least one curve (21) the oblique crosspieces (15) form an angle other than zero degrees, preferably an angle between 8° and 20°, particularly preferably an angle of 9° or 18°. Stadium according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that nodal elements (42) are provided at the nodes of the framework, and that the pillars (9), radial beams (11), tangential beams (13) and / or additional diagonal struts (27) are bolted to the node elements (4).